職業(yè)健康和安全培訓(xùn)緊急情況的處理

OccupationalHealthandSafetyTraining

職業(yè)健康和安全培訓(xùn)EmergencyProcedures緊急情況的處理第一頁(yè)，共三十九頁(yè)。OHS6ThisSessionWillCover這部分包括:EmergencyProcedures緊急情況處理:FireAlarmsandFireSafety火災(zāi)EarthquakeProcedures地震SpillClean-up藥品濺灑清除第二頁(yè)，共三十九頁(yè)。OHS6FireSafety安全防火第三頁(yè)，共三十九頁(yè)。OHS6EmergencyProcedures:Objectives緊急情況處理目的Bytheendofthissessionyouwillbeableto通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)，你能夠:ListthebasiccomponentsofaFirePlan列出火警預(yù)案的主要內(nèi)容Listthefourtypesoffires,andrelatedfireextinguishers列出4種火情和相應(yīng)滅火裝置第四頁(yè)，共三十九頁(yè)。OHS6FireSafetyEquipment防火設(shè)施Ensurestaffareawareofthelocationsoffiresafetyequipmentincluding確保工作人員知曉防火設(shè)施的分布:Smokedetectors煙霧探測(cè)器Sprinklers灑水裝置Fireextinguishers滅火器Firealarmpanels火警儀表盤Firealarmbells火警鈴Fireexitdoors安全出口Fireplanpostings逃生指示圖第五頁(yè)，共三十九頁(yè)。OHS6FirePlanandEvacuation

逃生

Ifthefireissevere,evacuateimmediately:Yourlifecomesfirst!如果火勢(shì)嚴(yán)重，立即撤離，你的生命是第一位的第六頁(yè)，共三十九頁(yè)。OHS6FirePlanandEvacuation火警預(yù)案和逃生Fireplan火警預(yù)案Includesthefollowinginformation包括以下信息:ListofFireMarshalls防火小組名單EvacuationProcedure逃生方法1:Procedureforafirethatisimmediatelydangeroustopersonnel即刻造成傷害的火情逃生法2:Procedureforafirethatisnotimmediatelydangeroustopersonnel非即刻造成傷害的火情逃生法Postatallexitdoors所有安全通道貼有標(biāo)識(shí)Drivesprocessforfiredrills火警演習(xí)Holdatleasttwiceperyear每年至少舉行兩次第七頁(yè)，共三十九頁(yè)。OHS6FireMarshalls防火小組Definition定義:FireMarshalls防火小組Designatedstaff

responsibleforensuringeveryoneisoutofthebuildingintheeventofafire經(jīng)指定的小組成員在火災(zāi)發(fā)生時(shí)負(fù)責(zé)每個(gè)災(zāi)區(qū)人員逃離建筑物Responsibleforreportingtoemergencypersonnel(firefighters,ambulanceattendants,police)負(fù)責(zé)向急救人員報(bào)告（滅火隊(duì)員、醫(yī)療急救人員、警務(wù)人員）第八頁(yè)，共三十九頁(yè)。OHS6EvacuationProcedure逃生法Personwhodetectsthefire發(fā)現(xiàn)火情的人員:Closedoorstotheroomwherethefirebrokeout將火災(zāi)發(fā)生房間的門關(guān)好Ringthefirealarm拉響火警Ifpossible,notifyfiremarshallsthroughpagingsystem如可能，通過(guò)電腦監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)向防火小組報(bào)告Locationandtypeoffire地點(diǎn)和火情種類第九頁(yè)，共三十九頁(yè)。OHS6EvacuationProcedure,cont’dFireMarshalls防火小組Closefiredoors關(guān)發(fā)生火災(zāi)地的門Allstaff所有人員Evacuateimmediately立即撤離Beforeusingthestaircase,checkthatthestairwellisfreeofsmokeandfire.在使用樓梯時(shí)，檢查樓梯間是否有煙霧和火情Ifstairwellisobstructed,usealternatestaircase若樓梯間遇阻，選它處Onlyusebalconiesifallstairwellsareblockedbyfire只有在所有樓梯均遇阻，才使用陽(yáng)臺(tái)Turnoffgassources(cylindersandgasflames)關(guān)掉氣源（氣瓶和燃?xì)猓㏕urnofflights關(guān)燈Closealldoors(Donotlock)關(guān)上所有門（但不要鎖上）Mayminimizeandcontainthefire時(shí)火勢(shì)最小第十頁(yè)，共三十九頁(yè)。OHS6EvacuationProcedure,cont’dDepartmentSupervisors:Ensureallstaffandvisitorsfromtheirdepartmentareevacuatedinanorderlyfashion確定所有人員和來(lái)訪者均有序撤離Ensurealllightsandgassourcesareoff確定所有氣源和電源都關(guān)掉Ensurealldoorsareclosed(butnotlocked)確定所有門已關(guān)上（勿鎖上）ProvideaheadcounttotheFireMarshallatthecongregationarea在集合地向防火小組通報(bào)人員清點(diǎn)情況第十一頁(yè)，共三十九頁(yè)。OHS6EvacuationProcedure,cont’dCongregationArea集合地:Designatedgatheringareaoutsideofthebuilding指定的建筑外安全地點(diǎn)Listedinfireplan在火災(zāi)預(yù)案中指明Farenoughawayfrombuildingthatstaffwillbesafeiffireissevere若火災(zāi)嚴(yán)重應(yīng)離建筑物足夠遠(yuǎn)Personnelassemblebydepartment人員集合按部門匯集FireMarshallwillapproacheachSupervisortoconfirmallpersonnelareoutofthebuilding防火小組應(yīng)與各組負(fù)責(zé)人碰頭確認(rèn)所有人員已撤離建筑物第十二頁(yè)，共三十九頁(yè)。OHS6EvacuationProcedure,cont’dDonotre-enterthebuildinguntilpermittedtodosobytheFireDepartmentand/ortheFireMarshall只有在防火部門/防火小組允許的情況下方可再次進(jìn)入建筑物第十三頁(yè)，共三十九頁(yè)。OHS6FireAlarmsandFireSafetycont’d

Remember:Ifthefireissevere,evacuateimmediately:Yourlifecomesfirst!牢記：如果火勢(shì)嚴(yán)重，立即撤離，你的生命是第一位的！第十四頁(yè)，共三十九頁(yè)。OHS6FireExitRules

火災(zāi)逃生規(guī)則Accesstoexitsandexitsthemselvesmustbekeptclear由安全通道撤離，安全通道必須干凈通暢Corridorsandstairwellsmustbekeptfreeofobstructionsandcombustibles走廊和樓梯必須無(wú)障礙物和易燃物Knowthelocationofallexitsinthearea.應(yīng)知道所在區(qū)域的所有安全通道出口第十五頁(yè)，共三十九頁(yè)。OHS6TypesofFires

火災(zāi)分類Fourtypesoffires四種火情:ClassAordinarymaterialslikeburningpaper,lumber,cardboard,plastics,etc.普通材料如紙張、木材、紙板、塑料等等ClassBflammableorcombustibleliquidssuchasgasoline,kerosene,andcommonorganicsolvents易燃液體如汽油、煤油及一般有機(jī)試劑第十六頁(yè)，共三十九頁(yè)。OHS6TypesofFirescont’dClassC:energizedelectricalequipment,suchasappliances,switches,panelboxes,powertools,hotplatesandstirrers電器，如用具、開關(guān)、配電箱、電源、電熱板和攪拌器等Donotusewatertoextinguishbecauseofelectricalshockrisk勿用水滅火，因?yàn)闀?huì)引起電擊ClassD:

combustiblemetals,suchasmagnesium,titanium,potassiumandsodium可燃金屬，如鎂、鈦、鉀和鈉Thesematerials這些金屬burnathightemperatures在高溫下燃燒reactviolentlywithwater,air,and/orotherchemicals與水、空氣及其他化學(xué)物質(zhì)劇烈反應(yīng)第十七頁(yè)，共三十九頁(yè)。OHS6FireExtinguishers滅火設(shè)備Trytoconfine,controlandextinguishthefireonlyif只有在以下條件時(shí)才能控制和撲滅火勢(shì)youaretrainedinuseoffireextinguishers經(jīng)培訓(xùn)如何使用滅火器knowthetypeofhazardinvolved

知道火勢(shì)類型Portablefireextinguishers便攜式滅火器Placethroughoutthelab在實(shí)驗(yàn)室各處放置HaveABCratingsonthem具有ABC分級(jí)ABCpowderABC粉末Maybeusedforalltypesoffire適用于各類火種Leavesapowderresidue噴灑粉末AluminumhighpressureCO2cylinder(ClassBandC)高壓鋁二氧化碳滅火器，瓶式（B和C類）Notforuseonpaperfires不能用于紙張引起的火勢(shì)第十八頁(yè)，共三十九頁(yè)。OHS6FireSafety–Review

防火安全-回顧Inthissession,wehavediscussed該章節(jié)我們討論了Thecomponentsofafireplan防火預(yù)案的主要內(nèi)容Theresponsibilitiesoffiremarshallsandsupervisorsinthecaseofafire遇火情時(shí)，防火小組和部門負(fù)責(zé)人的職責(zé)Thefourtypesoffires四種火情Howfireextinguishersarecategorized滅火器的分類第十九頁(yè)，共三十九頁(yè)。OHS6FireSafety防火安全

Questions?問題第二十頁(yè)，共三十九頁(yè)。OHS6EarthquakePreparedness

地震的應(yīng)對(duì)措施第二十一頁(yè)，共三十九頁(yè)。OHS6EarthquakePreparedness–Objectives目的Afterthissession,youwillbeableto本章節(jié)，你將:Discusshowtokeepyourselfsafeduringanearthquake討論如何在地震發(fā)生時(shí)保護(hù)自己第二十二頁(yè)，共三十九頁(yè)。OHS6EarthquakePreparedness

地震的應(yīng)對(duì)Intheeventofanearthquake,thefollowingmayoccur地震發(fā)生時(shí)，會(huì):lightsmaygoout熄燈sprinklersystemsmaygoon灑水系統(tǒng)啟動(dòng)firealarmsmaysound火警響thegroundmayshake地面晃動(dòng)furnitureandequipmentmaymove家具和儀器移動(dòng)Buildingstructuremaybeaffected建筑結(jié)構(gòu)受損第二十三頁(yè)，共三十九頁(yè)。OHS6WhenanEarthquakeBegins當(dāng)?shù)卣鸢l(fā)生時(shí):DUCK躲避underdesk桌子下inadoorway–butbeawareofclosingdoors在門口-意識(shí)到要關(guān)上門COVERyourhead護(hù)住頭部HOLD(brace)yourself抱緊自己againstadoorway靠在門口處ontodeskortableleg在桌邊或桌子腿第二十四頁(yè)，共三十九頁(yè)。OHS6DuringanEarthquake地震時(shí):Moveawayfrombookshelves離開書架Innerwallsareusuallythesafestarea內(nèi)墻為最安全之處Ifoutside–staythere若在室外，待在外面Movetoopenspaceawayfrombuildingsandpower-lines轉(zhuǎn)移到遠(yuǎn)離建筑物和電線的開闊地第二十五頁(yè)，共三十九頁(yè)。OHS6AftertheQuakeEnds地震結(jié)束后:Staycalm保持冷靜Staysafe安全Providefirstaidtotheinjured向受傷者提供急救Extinguishopenflames撲滅明火Waituntilmotionhasstoppedbeforeexitingthebuilding待不再晃動(dòng)方可離開建筑物 Gatheremergencysuppliesandfirstaidkitstotaketodesignatedevacuationarea攜帶急救物品和急救箱到指定避難處第二十六頁(yè)，共三十九頁(yè)。OHS6AftertheQuakeEnds:Evacuatebuildingifitisunsafeforoccupancy如停留在室內(nèi)不安全則撤離建筑物Donotre-enterthebuildinguntilitissafetodoso只有在安全的情況下才能回到建筑物內(nèi)Ensuretherearenogasleaksorfirehazardsbeforeturningonlightswitches開燈前確保無(wú)氣體泄漏或火情Bepreparedforsignificantaftershocks預(yù)防大的余震第二十七頁(yè)，共三十九頁(yè)。OHS6AftertheQuakeEnds:Listentotheradioforinstructions收聽廣播Donotflushtoilets不要沖廁所Usephoneforlifesafetyonly僅在求生情況下使用電話第二十八頁(yè)，共三十九頁(yè)。OHS6EarthquakePreparedness–Review地震的應(yīng)對(duì)-回顧Wehavediscussedhowtoconductyourselfwhenanearthquakebegins,duringanearthquake,andafteranearthquakeends我們討論了在地震發(fā)生到結(jié)束3個(gè)階段，該如何行動(dòng)Thisconductwillincreasesyourchancesofstayingsafe,andun-injured這將使你更加安全、免于受傷第二十九頁(yè)，共三十九頁(yè)。OHS6EarthquakePreparedness

地震的應(yīng)對(duì)

Questions?問題第三十頁(yè)，共三十九頁(yè)。OHS6SpillClean-up濺灑的清除第三十一頁(yè)，共三十九頁(yè)。OHS6SpillClean-up–Objectives濺灑的清除-目標(biāo)Followingthissession,youwillbeabletoEstablishaspillcleanupprotocolforchemicalandbiohazardspills對(duì)化學(xué)品和生物有害物質(zhì)的濺灑建立一個(gè)清除方案第三十二頁(yè)，共三十九頁(yè)。OHS6SpillClean-Up濺灑清除Establisha“SpillTeam”組建“濺灑清除小組”Stafftrainedinspillresponseandclean-up成員經(jīng)培訓(xùn)負(fù)責(zé)濺灑清除Establishageneralchemicalandbiohazardousspillclean-upprocedure建立對(duì)化學(xué)品和生物有害物質(zhì)的濺灑建立一個(gè)清除方案Establishindividualspillclean-upproceduresforspecificchemicals建立對(duì)特殊化學(xué)品濺灑專項(xiàng)清除方案第三十三頁(yè)，共三十九頁(yè)。OHS6GeneralProcedureforChemicalSpills化學(xué)品濺灑清除一般方法Evacuatethearea撤離濺灑區(qū)域PageSpillTeam上報(bào)“濺灑清除小組”SpillTeamwilltakecontrolofthesituation“濺灑清除小組”成員將專門處理Chemicalspillsarecleanedusingaspillcleanabsorbentmaterial化學(xué)品濺灑后用濺灑吸收物質(zhì)清除Neutralizesthechemical使化學(xué)品呈中性Papertowelsarenotsufficienttocleanupchemicalspills用紙巾清除化學(xué)品濺灑是不夠的第三十四頁(yè)，共三十九頁(yè)。OHS6GeneralProcedureforBiohazardousMaterialSpills生物有害物濺灑的一般處理辦法CleanedupbyMicrobiologystaff由微生物部門的人員清除Procedure處理辦法Doubleglove雙層手套Laypapertowelsontopofspilltosoakupmaterial在濺灑處鋪上紙巾吸干廢物Donotspreadpape