一年級英語-名詞性從句

名詞從句

名詞從句分類1、主語從句；2、表語從句；3、賓語從句；4、同位語從句。引導(dǎo)名詞從句的詞可以分為以下幾類：A.That,只起連接主、從句的作用，無意義且不擔(dān)任句子成分；B.If/whether,有其意義，但不擔(dān)任句子成分；C.Wh-words,此類詞不僅連接主、從句，有具體意義，還擔(dān)任從句的主語、賓語、表語、定語、狀語等。注：1).asif具有一定意義，引導(dǎo)表語從句，但不擔(dān)任句子成分；2).whatever之類的詞引導(dǎo)名詞從句時，往往可以分解為先行詞+關(guān)系代詞。因此，這類詞又可稱為名詞性關(guān)系代詞。有時what也有類似用法，但what表示特指，whatever表示泛指。HegavemewhatIwanted.（具體、特指）HegavemewhateverIwanted.（泛指）

還要注意，what單獨使用時究竟屬于哪一類要看上下文：HeaskedwhatIwasdoing.Hetoldmewhathehadheard.

1.主語從句

Thatwewillbelateiscertain.

Whetherthe2000OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet.

Whytheydiditwasn’tquiteclear.

Howhebecamefamousisknowntoall.主語從句往往用形式主語it，從句后置：

Itiscertainthatwewillbelate.

Itisknowntoallhowhebecamefamous.2.賓語從句WouldyoumindifIsmokedintheofficenextdoor?I’mgoingtoseewhatDadisupto.Iwonderwhentheywillturnup.個別能帶雙賓語的動詞后可能出現(xiàn)間接賓語從句，只能用名詞性關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)：Hegavewhoevercameoveraform.We’llgivewhoeverneedshelpawarmsupport.介詞后面的賓語從句注意以下情況：1).that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句僅限于in,except和but幾個介詞后面；Thesetwinsdifferonlyinthatonehasamoleonhisface.Weasknothingfromyoubutthatyoushouldgiveaclearstatementofthefacts.2).可以由wh-words引導(dǎo)；

Weareuncertainofwhowastoblame.3).可由名詞性關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)

Fromwhatyousay,she’sright.Healwayssucceedsinwhateverhetries.Hewentovertowhereshewasstanding.Hewroteanarticleonwhytheprojectfailed.3.表語從句Thatiswhathemeant.ThiswaswhenIreallygottoknowtheUnitedStates.Thetroubleisthatheisill.ThefactisIhardlyknowhowtobegin.

As,asif/though,because也可以引導(dǎo)表語從句：Thingsarenotastheyseemtobe.Youlookasifyoudidn’tcare.Shelooksverysad.That’sbecauseshehasfailed.4.同位語從句

同位語從句是對一個名詞內(nèi)容的解釋說明，常跟同位語從句的名詞有：fact,news,idea,hope,report,opinion,order,question,problem,truth,answer,promise,rumor,etc.Thenewsthatheintendedtocomegaveusmuchpleasure.Theproblemwhetheritisrightorwronghasnotbeendecided.Suddenlythethoughtcametohimthathewouldgoblind.ItisdifficulttoansweryourquestionhowIdidit.I’venoideawhenhewillcome.除了上面幾種名詞性從句外，還應(yīng)注意以下兩種情況1).Make,call,name等少數(shù)動詞可帶補語從句，只能由名詞性關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)：

Hermothermadeherwhatsheis.Youcancallitwhateveryoulike.Inamedmysonwhatmyfathernamedme.2).形容詞后跟從句（一般不用if引導(dǎo)）：

I’mafraidthatIcan’tfinishitint