人教版高中英語必修

4/實現(xiàn)theachievement發(fā)起:一場戰(zhàn)役:starta (Huaihai舉止 使舉止規(guī)矩：behaveintheshapeput+nintheshadefrom/against光線來源Shade(陰涼處)------shadow(陰暗處，)出發(fā)：moveoff=setoff=set觀察做某事：observesb ngargue指說理-----quarrel說服做某事:arguesb ngsth--------arguesbout ng就某事與爭執(zhí):arguewithsbabout支持…:arguefor--------argueagainst ng)過著一種…的生活lead/livealife14….涌入心頭:crowdin(onsb)支持做某事:surrpotsbin ng)支持…:insupportof…=infavour支持:supportsb=give/lend/offer/providesupportto輕視…:lookdownon 欽佩:lookup到處看看:lookabout退縮,停滯:look回憶起…:lookbackB中期待A:lookforAin順便拜訪:lookin順便到某處看看:lookin e某事:lookinto展望未來:look把…看作…:lookonas…=referto參考:referto…=turnto…=look談到:refer涉及:referto…=beconcerned發(fā) e eacross ewinter+N一起 e 出 ealong(with+N)(主動變化不 eand向沖去 e了 eat+n=know39.比…重要:comebefore+n=bemoreimportant被提 ebefore=behanded ebetween+Nebetween+N阻 e44.記起…comebacktosb)45.重新流行:sthcome得 eby+n倒 e脫離舉 e喜歡…:carefor…=bekneeon…=takedelightin…=beinto…=goin照顧...:carefor…=seeto…=attend打算讓做某事:intendsbforsth=intendsbtodo為了做…:beintendedtodosth=beintended被用作…:beintended本打算做…;hadintended=intendtohave 考慮到…:take…into作為…的回報:inconsiderationof….=in 生下…;givebirthto…=bedelivered遞送…給…:deliversthtosb=passsthto共有:in與…一樣incommon不平常的,非凡的:outof有很多共同之處:havealot/muchincommon沒有很多共同之處:havelittle/notmuchincommon有共同之處:havesthin沒有共同之處:havenothingin:putsbtodeath=sentencesbto把:beatsbto鼓勵做某事:inspiresbtodo=encouragesbto實施…:carry繼續(xù)做某事:carryon ng/with)使渡過難關;carry幾乎:asgood給…準備…:preparesbsth=preparesthfor準備對…謙虛:bemodestonly+介詞短語、狀語,;放名首時,用部分倒裝 inspired受到鼓舞的,inspiring受到…的鼓舞:beinspired主謂一致引號中的詞或句子=1“they”看數(shù)量詞的量詞短語:apairofshoes=1,aseriesof…The+adj>2,the+語言=1集體名詞:指物=1;指人>2none,neitherof+n=1;>2分數(shù)或百分數(shù)+of+n不=1:+Ns>2The+nandn=1Every,each,no,manya+nandEvery,each,no,many:A+aswellas,asmuchas,ratherthan,but,besides,like,including,with,togetherwith,alongwith+B,要看A部分的主語 +N單+or oneortwo+N復manya+N單 morethanone+N單oneandahalf+N復strugglefor…為。而strugglewith/against…與…作strugglewith 與…并肩sruggletodosth expand面積擴張,extendridAofB:使A擺脫Bgetridof:擺脫…beridof+對象:擺脫…besatisfiedwith…=becontentwith…:對…對…表示滿意expressone’ssatisfaction滿意地:withwouldrather+…did現(xiàn)在,過去虛擬…h(huán)addone(過去虛擬preferthat+句子(虛擬句式;Ved/should)+V原后悔做某事:regretng遺憾去做某事:regrettodo建立:buildup=set增強的體質(zhì):buildsb增強…:build導致做..:leadto引導做…:leadsbtong使得出…leadsbto集中注意…:focus減少到…:reduce減少了:…reduce…淪落為bereducedtoreduce保護…免受…:keep…fromngsth=keep ofng=prevent/stopsb(from)ng sbfromng對…作出評論:makecommentson/about+無可奉告:No未做任何解釋:without用…裝備:equipsbwithsth=sbbeequippedwith為…而裝備:equipsbfor+目懷有…的withthehope/purpose/aim/intention把希望寄托在…上:layone’shope把A與B:confuseAwith/and對…造成損失:cause/dodamageto+影響/侵襲…:affect作主語Seeingis(It’s…的句式It’sfunny/useless/worthwhile ngsthIt’snogood/nouse/no ngIt’sawasteoftimeng作賓語固定動詞后+Ving:resistdenyadmit,escape,preventdelay,forgive,appreciate,riskAdvice,suggest,imagine,forbid,can’tstand,avoid,contributeto,getdownto,stickto,leadto,devoteoneselfto…既可加ing且todo:allow,advise,forbid,permit,regret,mean todo/ng用主動表:sthneed/want/require ng=sthneed/want/requiretobedone復合結(jié)構:邏輯主語:sb’sng/賓格 否定句:只在Ving前 :Jack’snot直到現(xiàn)在:uptonow=uptillnow=tillnow=until目前:for使?jié)M足于…:contentoneself對…感到滿足:bewellcontent樂于做…;becontenttodo缺少的badly缺少..:bebadlyoff用…宴請:entertainsbto用…使人快樂:entertainsbwith挑出:pick分辨出:pickout=make:pick切斷,砍下:cut斷絕:cut疾病使人:…cutsb使相信某事：convincesbof說服做某事：convincesbtodo指導做某事：directsbtodo給指去。的路：show/directsbtostar把某事悄悄告訴：whispersthto在耳旁小聲說：whispersthinone’s據(jù)傳聞：It’swhispered低聲說：speakinawhisperinwhispers=inalow一團糟，處于困境中：beina弄亂：makeareacton…30reacton…反抗：reactbedruck因某事面驚訝;sbbeastonishedatsth=astionishsbwith/by厭煩做…:beboredwith(ng)煩透了:beboredto對…樂觀:optimismfor/about樂觀地:withbeparticular有一次;onone偶爾：on決不：onno趁機做某事:takeoccasiontodo在某事發(fā)生的時候：ontheoccasion自娛自樂：amuseoneselfbyng因做某事而逗樂：amusesbtodosth=amusesbat作為。的解釋：inexntionof/for…slide-glide平穩(wěn)而順暢地滑（溜冰slip不由自主地滑（摔倒Ving表示用途和性能：--- Ving+nAswimmingpool areadingroomAflyingbird awaitingcarVing可以替代“定語從句”（簡化）放在句詞后面 n+Ving..Whoisthemanthatisstandingbythedoor=Whoisthemanstandingbythe1:Ving2：作定語時，VingThehousestandingatthecornerofthestreetwasbuiltin=Thehousewhichstandsatcornerofthestreetwasbuiltin3：作定語時，Ving限制性：Allmybrotherslivinginshanghaiare非限制性：Allmybrotherslivinginshanghai,areHereis LicomingfromBeijingX表狀態(tài)不用進行時改：Hereis Liwho fromThemangivingusalecturelastweekleftforshenzhenthismorning(X)(Ving只表進行時，沒有過去式)改：ThemanwhogaveusalecturelastweekleftforshenzhenthisThosehavingfinishedtheirworkcangohomenow(X)(完成時，不做定語改：Thosewhohavefinishedtheirworkcangohome4：作定語時，從句動詞不能比V（但時間差不明顯時可以用Unit代表,象征:represent向描繪:representsthto自稱是…:representoneselfto做某事的方法anapproachto…以抵抗…:…使免受…:defend很可能…:belikely總的來說:ingeneral=onthe大體上:generallyspeaking=asageneralrule=inageneral總之:allinall=inaword=in自由自在;at丟臉:lose挽回面子:saveone’s直視:looksbinthe轉(zhuǎn)身背對:turnone’sback對…充耳不聞:turnadeafear對…:closeone’seyes輕視:turnone’snoseupat…=lookdown用…向打招呼:greetsbwith對…作出反應:greetAwith與…有關聯(lián)haveno)association與…聯(lián)合:inassociation主要研究…:majoron主修..:major沖進:dash沖出:dashout把某物撞擊在…上dashsthagainst/on/to沖過:dash在緊要關頭:ata把…誤解為…:misread起重要作用:performanimportant履行不同職責:performdifferent勢:makeagesture向…勢:gesture勢示意做某事:gestureforsbtodo世世代代:fromageto挨家挨戶:fromhouseto口頭相傳:frommouthto達成協(xié)議:reach/makean遵守協(xié)議:keepan破壞協(xié)議:breakan對…尊敬:berespectfulto擁抱…:hug+n=givesba如果是這樣的話:if如果有的話:ifanything=if要是有的話:if如果不是這樣的話:if如果有必要:if如果有可能:if與…交流:communicate與…相通:communicate把…傳染給:communicatesthtoVing作狀語時,(簡化)Ving有時態(tài)性主動時態(tài)WhenIwaswalkinginthestreet,Imetanoldfriendofmine.(時間狀語從句改Walkinginthestreet,Imetanoldfriendof原句有連詞時,(when,but,and,because,if,while,though,as,unless,evenif/though,whether)用原來當原句動詞為主動做時,用Ving,用Vpp.(主,從主語一致完成式:havingdoneVing動作比V謂更早發(fā)生;Ving>V謂Becausehehadsmokedtoomuch,Tomhassufferedfromlungcancer.(原因狀語從句改=Havingsmokedtoomuch,Tomhassufferedfromlung3;Havingdone形式?首先:-ing表示主動在做.第二:hadsmokedhassuffered.VingV謂更早發(fā)生;Ving>V謂)Ifyouworkhardatyourlessons,youaretosucceed.(條件狀語從句)改=(If)workinghardatyourlessons,youareto IstoodbythedoorandIdidn’tdaretosayaword.(并列句改Istoodbythedoornotdaringtosayaword.(方式或伴隨狀語AlthoughIknowallthis,Istillwanttoseeitformyself.(讓步狀語改Althoughknowingallthis,IstillwanttoseeitforFootballisyedallovertheworld,makingitapopularsport.(結(jié)果狀語Iwokeupinthemorning,tofindtheoutsideworldgreatlychanged.(結(jié)果狀語4:VingTodo表示出乎意料的結(jié)果,Judging frankly allyspeaking就個人而言 providing如果 ,considering考慮到Consideringthetime,wehavedecidedtostartearlytomorrowmorning.Judgingfromheraccent,shemustbefromArbiancountries.allyspeaking,girlsaremoreinterestedin turethanVing的語態(tài)性主動 beingHaving havingbeenHavingbeenshownaroundthefactory,theywereveryhappy.Shownthefactory,theywereveryhappy.(此句確)但第一句,用-ing的,表示時間差很多,(show>werehappy)第二句,用VPP的,表示時間相差無久(show=werehappy)記住:beendone的形式,done.Unit1….的:thetheme被所知道:beknown/famousto+在…地方出名:befamousin不足為奇:nowonderIt’snowonder保護免受…:preservesb ng根據(jù)B模仿A:modelAafter/onB=Abemodelled 以…為榜樣:modeloneselfon少數(shù)的…:ami