仁愛英語初一上學(xué)期知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納精華版

初一上英語知識(shí)點(diǎn)Unit1MakingNewFriends【重點(diǎn)短語】1.goodmorning/afternoon/evening清晨/下午/晚上好2.glad/nicetomeet/seeyou見到你很高興3.welcometo+地址歡迎到達(dá)let’s+讓v我們做standup起立sitdown坐下thisis...這是thanks=thankyou謝謝seeyou=seeyoulater=goodbye再見IDnumber身份證號(hào)碼befrom=comefrom來自inEnglish用英語【重要句型】---What’syourname?---MynameisSally.---Whereareyoufrom?---I’mfromChina.---Wheredoyoucomefrom?---IcomefromChina.---Whereishe/shefrom?---He/SheisfromJapan.4.---What’sthis/thatinEnglish?---It’sa/an---What’rethese/thoseinEnglish?---They’re---Howdoyouspellit?---E-R-A-S-E-R,eraser.---Canyouspellit?---Yes,M-A-P,map.—Howoldareyou/ishe/arethey?—I’m/Heis/Theyareeleven.—What’syourtelephonenumber?—It’s4567967.—Whatclass/gradeareyouin?—I’minClassTen,GradeSeven（.注意大小寫）Goodmorning/afternoon/evening.—Nice/Gladtosee/meetyou.—Nice/Gladtosee/meetyou,too.—WelcometoChina/myhome.—Thanks.—Howdoyoudo?—Howdoyoudo?16.—Howareyou?—Fine,thankyou.Andyou?—I’mOK.—Seeyouthen/later.—Seeyou.—Goodbye.—Bye.19.—Thankyou.—You’rewelcome./That’sOK./Notatall.【重點(diǎn)語法】元音字母：AaEeIiOoUu包含有以下元音的字母：AaHhJjKk[i:]EeBbCcDdGgPpTtVv[a?]IiYy[ju:]UuQqWw[e]FfLlMmNnSsXxZz大小寫句首字母，人名，地名，稱呼語，專出名詞，星期的首字母要大寫，引人注意。Look！IsthatJane?HecomesfromHubei,China.Mr.Wang,thisismymom.—Whatclassareyouin?—I’minClassTen,GradeSeven.?OnSunday,wegototheWestHillforapicnic.3.Be動(dòng)詞的用法?我用am，你用are，is用于他、她、它，單數(shù)用is，復(fù)數(shù)就用are。?含be動(dòng)詞的陳述句變否認(rèn)句在be后加not，變一般疑問句將be提早。一般疑問句的肯定回答：Yes,人稱代詞+be；否認(rèn)回答：No,人稱代詞+be+not。如：---Theyareteachers.---Theyarenotteachers.---Aretheyteachers?---Yes,theyare./No,theyaren’t.不定冠詞、定冠詞和and的用法不定冠詞a,an的用法a/an都表示“一，一個(gè)”，a用在以輔音音素開頭的單詞前,如：abook;adesk;an用在以元音音素開頭的單詞前，如：anapple/anorange/anEnglishbook;/anEnglishboy/anoldman;/anactor/anEnglishteacher/anofficeworker.(2)the是定冠詞，表特指，單復(fù)數(shù)前面都可用Weareinthesameclass.ThegirlinapinkskirtisJane.Whereisthebook??Thisisnmy’tbike.Theblueoneismine.(3)and的用法?數(shù)字相加看做單數(shù)：?顏色相加也是單數(shù):?人和事物相加是復(fù)數(shù)：

Twoandthreeisfive.Blackandwhiteisgray.LucyandLilyaresisters.The

penandtheeraserareJane

’s.可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)（1）規(guī)則變化①一般在名詞詞尾加-s，如：car---cars;photo---photos;toy---toys;boy---boys②以s,x,ch,sh結(jié)尾的詞，在詞尾加--es，如：box---boxes;bus--buses③以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾，變y為i再加es，如：baby--babies;family--families4）以fe結(jié)尾，變fe為v再加es，如：knife---knives（2）不規(guī)則變化如：foot---feet;man---men;woman---women;snowman---snowmen;3）集體名詞：people,clothes,police,family4）成雙出現(xiàn)的名詞：shoes,pants(trousers),gloves,eyes,ears.一詞多義：Anorange（桔子）isorange（橙色的）.Unit2LookingDifferent【重點(diǎn)短語】1.givesb.sth.=givesth.tosb.把某物給某人Pleasegiveittoher.2.lookthesame長(zhǎng)相相同lookdifferent長(zhǎng)相不同，看起來不同樣3.looklike看起來像Helookslikehisfather.=Heandhisfatherlookthesame.4.nextto在旁邊Theboynexttomeismygoodfriend.5.in+顏色衣著顏色的衣服in+a/an+顏色+衣服衣著顏色的TheboyinayellowT-shirtandgraypantsismygoodfriend.6.(1)both兩者都（be動(dòng)詞之后，實(shí)義動(dòng)詞以前）Theybothhavebrownhairandblackeyes.Theyarebothofficeworkers.(2)all三者或三者以上都Theyareallkindtome.數(shù)字+(形狀、大小)+顏色+n.twobigredapplesShehasshortblondhair.【重點(diǎn)句型】Whoisyourfavoriteactor?Weareinthesameschool,butweareindifferentgrades.3.Whatdo/does+主語+looklike?長(zhǎng)得怎么樣？---Whatdoeshelooklike?---Heisnotverytallbutverystrong.4.Wedon’tlookthesame,butwearegoodfriends.Welookthesame,butweareindifferentclothes.5.---Whatcoloris/are+主語？---It’s/They顏’色re.+---Whatcolorisherhair?---It’sblond.6.Thisismycap.=Thiscapismine.Isthisyourcap?=Isthiscapyours?---Whosecapisthis?=Whoseisthiscap?---It’sSally’s.---Whosearethesebananas?---They’retheirbananas/theirs.Hispantsareblueandminearewhite.(mine=mypants)MyT-shirtisgreenandhisisbrown.(his=hisT-shirt)Ihavesmalleyes,buthehasbigones.（ones指代eyes）Myjacketisblueandwhite.Thatoneisblue.（one指代jacket）【重點(diǎn)語法】動(dòng)詞原形和動(dòng)詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式（1）主語是第三人稱單數(shù)形式（he、she、it；單調(diào)的人；單調(diào)的名字；單調(diào)的事物），動(dòng)詞要用單三形式。實(shí)義動(dòng)詞變第三人稱單數(shù)的規(guī)則：①一般情況直接加“s，”如：come---comes，meet---meets②動(dòng)詞以o，s，sh，ch,x結(jié)尾，加“es，”如：do--does;go--goes;teach--teaches③以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾，變y為i，再加es,如：study--studies,fly--flies,try--tries④特殊情況：have--has（2）句型變換①當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)：變否認(rèn)句時(shí)，在動(dòng)詞前加doesn’t,動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)原形；變一般疑問句時(shí)，在句首加does，動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)原形。一般疑問句的肯定回答：Yes,人稱代詞如：Shehassmalleyes.

+does；否認(rèn)回答：

No,

人稱代詞

+doesn’t.Shedoesn’thavesmalleyes.---Doesshehavesmalleyes?---Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn’t.②當(dāng)主語為第一、第二人稱變否認(rèn)句，在動(dòng)詞前加don’t，變一般疑問句，在句首加do，肯定回答：Yes,人稱代詞+do；否認(rèn)回答：No，人稱代詞+don’t.Theyhavesmalleyes.Theydon’thavesmalleyes.Dotheyhavesmalleyes?---Yes,theydo./No,theydon’t.表示所屬關(guān)系（1）名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞形容詞性物主代詞myyourhisherourtheirits名詞性物主代詞mineyourshishersourstheirsits?--Whoseisthispen?Isityours??--No,it’snotmine.Mypenisblue.（2）名詞所有格①用于人或其他表示有生命的名詞后：?單數(shù)或不以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)+’s，如：Jane’sbook；Women’sDay?以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)+’如：Teachers’Day?Lucy’sandLily’分s有bagsLucyandLily’sroom共有ThoseareJane’sshoes.=ThoseshoesareJane’s.②of表示所屬關(guān)系，用于沒有生命的物體，如：amapofChina；aphotoofmyfamilyUnit3GettingTogether【重點(diǎn)短語和句型】Couldyouplease+動(dòng)詞原形？用來表示委婉的懇求---Couldyoupleasetellmeyourname?Sure/Noproblem.MynameisSally.Sorry.2.tellsb.sth.=tellsth.tosb.告訴某人某事tellsb.aboutsth.告訴某人對(duì)于某事Pleasetellmeyourname.=Pleasetellyournametome.PleasetellMariaaboutit.請(qǐng)把這件事告訴瑪麗亞吧。3.helpsb.dosth.=helpsb.withsth.在某方面幫助某人，幫助某人做某事Pleasehelpusfindhim.CouldyoupleasehelpmewithEnglish?=CouldyoupleasehelpmestudyEnglish?4.wanttodosth.=wouldliketodosth.想要做某事wantsth.=wouldlikesth.想要某物wantsb.todosth.想要某人做HewantstovisitBeijing.=HewouldliketovisitBeijing.Iwant/wouldlikeanorange.JanewantsKangkangtosingsomesongswithher.5.showsth.tosb.=showsb.sth.把某物展示給某人看MariashowsaphotoofherfamilytoKangkang.6.MyEnglishisverygood.=IcanspeakEnglishverywell.7.livein+地址居住在某地livewith+sb.和某人住HeliveinChinawithhisparents.8.knowalotabout知道很多對(duì)于的事say表示說話的內(nèi)容，speak表示說某種語言的能力Whatdoeshesayintheletter?HecanspeaksomeEnglish.對(duì)事物的喜歡程度likeverymuch/alot特別喜歡likealittle有點(diǎn)喜歡don’tlikeat一all點(diǎn)都不喜歡alotof+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞12.everyday每日eachother相互someofthem他們中的一些eatout下館子，到外面吃飯13.playwithsb.和某人一塊玩耍liketodo/doingsth.喜歡(做)某事ShelikestoplaywithKitty.Helpyourself/yourselvestosth.隨便吃(喝)bekindtosb.對(duì)某人很友好Theyareallkindtome.他們對(duì)我很友好。It’sverykindofyou你.真好。16.begladtodosth.很高興(樂意)做Iamverygladtobehere.我很樂意在這里。Gladtomeetyou.很高興見到你。17.letsb.dosth.讓某人做某事Letmesee.讓我想一想。Letushelpyoufindhim.讓我們幫助你找到他。18.Iamhome.我到家了。Mariaisn’tathome/innow瑪麗.亞現(xiàn)在不在家。Welcometomyhome.歡迎來我家。It’stimetogohome該.回家了?！締卧R(shí)點(diǎn)詳解】實(shí)義動(dòng)詞變一般疑問句及其回答---DoeshespeakEnglish?--Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.2.詢問職業(yè)及工作地址---Whatdoesyourmotherdo?(書面)/Whatisyourmother?(口語)SheisanEnglishteacher.---Wheredoesshework?Sheworks/teaches/studiesinaschool/hospital/restaurant/onafarm/inanoffice...3.介紹家人Thisisaphotoofmyfamily.Theyoungwomaninredismymother.Istheyoungwomaninredyourmother?(變一般疑問句)Whoistheyoungwomaninred?(對(duì)劃線部分提問)Mygrandparents,mycousinandIareonthesofa.Ihaveabigfamily.我有一個(gè)大家庭。Ilovemyfamily.我愛我的家。就餐表達(dá)語1)---Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?想不想喝些東西？---Yes,aglassofapplejuice,please./No,thanks.somethingtodrink一些喝的東西somethingtoeat一些吃的東西2)---Whatwouldyouliketohave/eat/drink?你想吃（喝）些什么？---I’dlikesomericeandchicken./Letmesee.我想想看。3)Wouldyouliketohavedinnerwithme?想和我共進(jìn)晚餐嗎？---Yes,I’dloveto./Yes,I’dliketo.---I’msorry,Ihaveto4)---Whatdoyouusuallyhaveforbreakfast?你往常早餐吃什么？---Iusuallyhavemilkandbreadforbreakfast.haveforbreakfast/lunch/dinner早/午/晚餐吃......5)---MayItakeyourorder,sir?請(qǐng)問，要點(diǎn)菜了嗎？---Fishwithvegetablesandrice,please.6)MayIhelpyou?=CanIhelpyou?=WhatcanIdoforyou?請(qǐng)問要吃/喝/買些什么？委婉地懇求、提建議的五種表達(dá)Wouldyoulikesth./todo你愿意?/想？What/Howaboutsth./doing怎么?樣？Whynotdo?為什么不？Let’sdo讓!我們干吧！Whydon’tyoudo為什?么不？肯定回答:Yes,I’dlike/loveto./Goodidea./OK./Allright./I否認(rèn)回答:No,thanks./I’msorryIcan’t,Ihavetodo【重點(diǎn)語法】

/I

’dlovethat.’dlikethat,butI

’msorryIhavenotime.人稱代詞的主格與賓格點(diǎn)撥：主格在句子中充任主語，放在動(dòng)詞以前；賓格放在動(dòng)詞之后組成動(dòng)賓短語，放在介詞之后組成介賓短語。主格I

we

you

he

she

it

they賓格meusyouhimheritthem---Doyouknowthem?---Yes.Theyaremynewclassmates.可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞1）可數(shù)名詞：能夠用數(shù)目來計(jì)數(shù)的名詞，有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)之分。如：banana,egg,apple,orange,noodles,vegetable,hamburger等。（2）不可數(shù)名詞：不能用詳細(xì)的數(shù)目來表示，前面不能加a/an，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：milk,chicken,bread,Coke,coffee,rice,juice,fish,tea,water,chocolate等。（3）不可數(shù)名詞若要表示數(shù)量，可用：數(shù)詞+量詞+of+不可數(shù)名詞。如：aglassofmilk一杯牛奶；tenbottlesofapplejuice十瓶橙汁；tenloavesofbread十條面包（4）some/alotof+可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞many+可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)much+不可數(shù)名詞【書信的格式】稱呼：頂格寫，常用Dear開頭，表示和藹、客套，后邊用逗號(hào)。正文：從稱呼的下一行開始寫，開頭空兩格。3.結(jié)束語：正文下面的客套話，寫在右下角，首字母大寫，末尾用逗號(hào)，常用Yours。簽名：指寫信人的簽名，寫在結(jié)束語的下面。Unit4Havingfun【重點(diǎn)短語和句型】1.buysth.forsb.=buysb.sth.為某人買Lindawantstobuyatoycarforhercousin.=Lindawantstobuyhercousinatoycar.2.tryonsth.=trysth.on試穿tryit/themon(固定搭配)Mariatriesonthecoatinaclothesshop.3.Thecoatlooksveryniceonyou.你穿上這件外套真漂亮。4.That’sfine.We’ll好take的，it我.們就買它了。Iamjustlooking.我只是隨便看看。“Areyoukidding?你在開”玩笑嗎？think想，認(rèn)為thinkabout考慮thinkof認(rèn)為Kangkangthinksit’sLiMing’s.I’llthinkaboutit.我要考慮一下。thinkaboutaplan考慮一項(xiàng)計(jì)劃Thankyouallthesame.仍舊感謝你。getsomewate取水flyakite/kites放風(fēng)箏singsomesongs唱歌meetfriendsathome在家和朋友會(huì)面haveapicnic=go(out)forapicnic去野餐getup起床gohome回家gofishing去垂釣goshopping=dosomeshopping購物gotothezoo去動(dòng)物園gototheWestHill去西山visitafriend拜見朋友callback回電話doone’shomework造作業(yè)takeone’sorder點(diǎn)菜takesomebread帶一些面包seetheMonkeyShow看猴子表演asksb.todosth.請(qǐng)/要某人做某事Couldyouaskhertocallmebackthisevening?你能讓她今晚給我回個(gè)電話嗎？needsth./todosth.需要(做)某事have/hastodosth.不得不/必須做Kangkanghastocook.康康必須要做飯。Kangkangdoesn’thavetocook變.否(定句)save節(jié)儉，攢錢，挽救14.here這里there那邊Hereyouare.給你。Hereitis.在這。---WhereisBabyMonkey’shome?---It’sthere.15.befree=havetime有時(shí)間，有空I’msorryIhavenotime.=I’msorryIdon’thaveanytime.16.Ittime’stodosth/forsth.該做某事了，是做某事的時(shí)候了It’stimetohavebreakfast.=It’stimeforbreakfast.17.Thankyouforyourhelp.=Thankyouforhelpingme.謝謝你的幫忙。18.ateighto’在clock八點(diǎn)整inthemorning/afternoon/evening在清晨/下午/晚上onSundaymoring在星期天清晨19.onone’swayhome在某人回家的路上onone’swaytoschool在上學(xué)的路上Buysomeeggsandriceonyourwayhome.TheBabyMonkeycan’tfindhiswayhome.【單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)詳解】購物表達(dá)語1)---CanIhelpyou?/MayIhelpyou?---Yes,please.Iwanttobuysomeclothesformydaughter./I’mjustlooking,thanks.---WhatcanIdoforyou?---IwantaT-shirtformyson.---CanItryiton?/Whynottrythemon?---Sure/Noproblem.4)That’sfine.We’lltakeit.280yuan!Areyoukidding?Ihinkabout’lltit.Thankyouallthesame.---Couldyouhelpmedosomeshopping?Sure.Whatdoweneed?7)---Isthatall?就那些嗎？Yes,Ithinkso.是的，我想就這些。8)---It’stooheavy它.太重了。---Letmehelpyou.讓我?guī)椭惆伞?.詢問對(duì)事物的觀點(diǎn)、見解---Howdoyoulikethispairofpants?=Whatdoyouthinkofthispairofpants?你認(rèn)為這條褲子怎么樣？---They’retoolong./Idonat’allt.likeHowitabouttheblueone?3.詢問數(shù)量howmuch+不可數(shù)名詞+？howmany+可數(shù)名詞(復(fù)數(shù))+？---Howmanyapplesdoyouneed?---Weneedtwokilosofapples.---Howmanybagsofricedoyouneed?---Weneedfivebagsofrice.---Howmuchricedoyouneed?---Weneedfivebagsofrice.4.詢問價(jià)錢(price)---Howmuchis/are？---It’s/They’re.---Howmuchisthebread?---It’sthreeyuanaloaf.---Howmuc