2022-2023年黑龍江省鶴崗市公共英語五級(筆試)

2022-2023年黑龍江省鶴崗市公共英語五級(筆試)學(xué)校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、1.ListeningComprehension(15題)1.WhatdidEuropeansthinkofpotatoes?

2.Accordingtothespeaker,howdosomepesticidesgetintoponds?

A.Theyareappliedtoaquaticweedsbyfishfarming.

B.Amphibiansreleasethemfromtheirskin.

C.Irresponsibledisposeoftheminponds.

D.Theyarewashedintopondsbytherain.

3.PartC

Directions:Youwillhearatalk.Asyoulisten,answerthequestionsorcompletethenotesinyourtestbookletforQuestions21-30bywritingNOTMORETHANTHREEwordsinthespaceprovidedontheright.YouwillhearthetalkTWICE.

Younowhave1minutetoreadQuestions21-30.

聽力原文：Inyouruniversitywork．youwillbeexpectedtogiveoralpresentationsintheform.ofreportsorsimplyintheformsofanswerstoquestions．Thereareseveralthingsyouoraldotomakeyouroralpresentationsclearandeasytounderstand．

Thefundamentalpointtorealizeisthatspeechandwritingaredifferent．Ifyouwanttobebestunderstood．youcan'tsimplyreadyourwrittenreportaloud．Thebiggestdifferencebetweenspokenandwrittenlanguageisthatreaderscanlookbackovertheprintedwordswhentheydon'tunderstand．Inspokenlanguage，however，listenerscan'tgobackandcheckthewords．Theycanrelyonlyonmemory．Sothefirstprincipletokeepinmindwhenyou'replanningtospeakinpublicisthatyouhavetohelpthelistener'smemory．Thismeansthatanoralreportcan'tdeliverinformationasrapidlyasawrittenreport．Thatis，youcan'thaveasmanypiecesofnewinformationpackedintothesamenumberofwords，becausetheywillcomeattoofastarateforthelistenertounderstand．

Inanoralreport，therateofdeliveryhastobeslower．Oneofthebestwaystohelpyouraudienceissimplytospeakslowly．Manypeoplespeaktoofastwhentheyspeaktoagroup．Thisisamistake，especiallyifyouhaveaforeignaccent，becauseitmakeslisteningmoredifficult．Beyondthesimpletechniqueofspeakingmoreslowlywhenyouspeakbeforeagroup，therearewaysoforganizingyourpresentationthatcanhelpthelistenerbeclearandunderstandyourmainpoints．

Theorganizationofyourtalkshouldallowenoughtimeforthelistenertothinkbothbeforeandaftereachnewidea．Thepurposeofthetimebeforethenewinformationistogivetheaudienceachancetounderstandthebackgroundclearly．Knowledgeofthebackground，orsettingoftheinformation，makesitmucheasiertoanticipatewhatkindofinformationiscomingnext．Ifthenewinformationoccurstooearly，withoutenoughbackground，thelistenersshouldnotbepreparedwithenoughbackgroundtobeabletopredictwhat'scoming．

I'vebeendescribingthetimeforthinkingbeforethenewinformation．It'salsoimportanttoprovidetimeforthinkingafterthenewinformation．Thisthinkingtimeallowslistenerstofittheideaintotheirgeneralknowledgeofthesubject．Thinkingtimegivesthelistenerachancetomakesurethattheideawasunderstoodbeforegoingontothenextnewidea．

Therearethreegeneralwaystogivethelistenertimeforthinkingandtimeafterapointofnewinformation．Onewayissimplytopause．Amomentofsilencegivesthelistenertimetotakeinthenewinformation，butthereareotherways．Asecondmethodistouseaparaphrase．Thatis，yousaythesamething，butindifferentwords．Thisparaphrase，orrepetitionoftheidea，helpsthelistenerstofixthethoughtintheirmemory．Athirdwaytogivethelistenertimetothinkistousewordsthatdon'tmeanmuch．Thesearewordsthatconveynoinformation，butjustfillintime．Forinstance，youmightsaysomethinglike“asI'vebeensaying”or“andsoforth”and“andsoon”．Thatkindofexpressiondoesn'treallysayanything．It'sjustmadeofwhatwecall“fillerwords”．Thewordshavenorealmeaning．buttheydoperform.ausefulfunction．sincetheyallowthelistenertimetothink．

Insummary，then，weknowthatorallanguageshoulddeliverinformationataslowerratethanyoucanuseinwrittenlanguage．Newinformationshouldbepresentedmoregradually．Thinkingtimeshouldbeprovidedbothbeforeandaftereachimportantnewitem．Thetimebeforeistoprovideabackgroundsothatthelistenerscanhaveachancetoanticipat

4.WhendidDr.Huberbecomeinterestedinpiano?

5.What'stheCivilRightsMovementfor?

6.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTTRUE?

A.Gettingofftoworkwithaminimumefforthelpssaveone'senergy.

B.Dr.Kleimanexplainswhypeoplereachtheirpeaksatdifferenthoursofaday.

C.Habithelpsapersonadapttohisownenergycycle.

D.Childrenhaveenergycycles,too.

7.Dr.WilsonsuggeststhatWangshouldextendhisstayattheuniversity.

A.TrueB.Fasle

8.MrMillerhadknownalotaboutcarpentryandelectricwiringbeforehewasengagedindo-it-yourself.

A.RightB.Wrong

9.Dr．MannisnowinCambridge，writingabookonthe______．

10.聽力原文：TheUniedStatesofAmericaisafoundingmemberoftheInternationalFootballAssociation.In1913theAmericanFootballAssociationwasfoundedwithover7,000registeredclubsand1.4millionplayers.

InhistorytheU.S.teamenteredthefinalsoftheWorldCupfourtimesandgaineddiethirdplaceinthefirstWorldCup.Butsincethe4thWorldCupUSAhaspaidmoreattentiontotheOlympicGamesandAmericanfootball.

TheheadcoachoftheU.S.teamnowisfromYugoslavia,the57-year-oldcoachmovedtoMexicotwenty-oneyearsagoandlaterhebecametheheadcoachofMexico'sNationalTeam.Afterthatheleftforanevensmallercountry,CostaRica.Beforelong,hebecamewell-knownallovertheworld.

OnMarch7th,1991,hefacedthebiggestchallengeinallhislifetoleadtheU.S.team.TheAmericanFootballAssociationspentayearbuildingafootballfieldinCaliforniaforhim.Andintwoyears'timehisteamdefeatedtheteamsofIreland,EnglandandPortugal.

ThustheU.S.teamenteredwitheaseintothefinalsoftheWorldCup.Andasthehost,itenteredautomaticallyintothefirstcirclein1994.

WhenwastheAmericanFootballAssociationfounded?

A.In1913.B.In1930.C.In1914.D.In1917.

11.Wangdecidestotakecoursesandpassexams.

A.TrueB.Fasle

12.Whocanbedescribedas"amantohavehisnoseputoutofjoint"?

A.Agayman.

B.Asickman.

C.Amanwhowantstosmellaflower.

D.Amanwhofeelshurtanddepressed.

13.Whatdoesrepetitionofideasmean?

14.WhendidthisexpressioncomeintotheAmericanLanguage?

A.SometimeaftertheCivilWar.

B.DuringtheSecondWorldWar.

C.WhenpresidentGeorgeBushwasinoffice.

D.DuringtheperiodofIndependenceWar.

15.PartB

Directions:Youwillhear3conversationsortalksandyoumustanswerthequestionsbychoosingA,B,CorD.YouwillheartherecordingONLYONCE.

聽力原文：Doyoufindgettingupinthemorningdifficultandpainful?Thismightbecalledlaziness,butDr.Kleimanhasanewexplanation.Hehasprovedthateveryonehasadailyenergycycle.

Duringmehourswhenyoulaborthroughyourworkyoumaysaythatyou're"hot".That'strue.Thetimeofdaywhenyoufeelmostenergeticiswhenyourcycleofbodytemperatureisatitspeak.Forsomepeoplethepeakcomesduringtheforenoon.Forothersitcomesintheafternoonorevening.Noonehasdiscoveredwhythisisso.Thepossibleexplanationisthatoneisathistemperature-and-energypeakintheevening.Muchfamilyquarrelingendswhenhusbandsandwivesrealizewhattheseenergycyclesmean,andwhichcycleeachmemberofthefamilyhas.

Youcan'tchangeyourenergycycle,butyoucanlearntomakeyourlifefititbetter.Habitcanhelp,Dr.Kleimanbelieves.Maybeyou'resleepyintheeveningbutfeelyoumuststayuplateanyway.Counteractyourcycletosomeextentbyhabituallystayinguplaterthanyouwantto.Ifyourenergyislowinthemorningbutyouhaveanimportantjobtodoearlyintheday,risebeforeyourusualhour.Thiswon'tchangeyourcycle,butyou'llgetupandworkbetteratyourlowpoint.

Getofftoaslowstartwhichsavesyourenergy.Getupwithaleisurelyyawnandstretch.Sitontheedgeofthebedaminutebeforeputtingyourfeetonthefloor.Avoidthetroubleforcleanclothesbylayingthemoutthenightbefore.Wheneverpossible,doroutineworkintheafternoonandsavetasksrequiringmoreenergyorconcentrationforyoursharperhours.

Whatshouldonedoifhewantstoworkmoreefficientlyathislowpointinthemorning?

A.Changehisenergycycle.

B.Overcomehislaziness.

C.Getupearlierthanusual.

D.Gotobedearlier.

二、2.UseofEnglish(10題)16.(49)

17.

【C19】

18.

【C16】

19.

【C20】

20.

【C2】

21.(45)

22.RecentsurveysshowthatJapaneseyouthhavebecomea"MeGeneration"thatrejectstraditionalvalues.

"Around1980manyJapanese,【C1】______youngpeopleabandonedthevaluesofeconomicsuccessandbegan【C2】______fornewsetsofvaluesto【C3】______themhappiness,"writessociologistYasuhiroinComparativeCivilizationsReview.Japaneseyouthareplacingmoreimportanceontheindividual'spursuitof【C4】______andlessonthevaluesofwork,family,andsociety.

Japanesestudentsseemtobelosingpatiencewithwork,【C5】______theircounterpartsintheUnitedStatesandKorea.Ina1993【C6】______ofcollegestudentsinthethreecountries,only10%oftheJapaneseregarded【C7】______asaprimaryvaluecomparedwith47%ofKoreanstudentsand27%ofAmericanstudents.Agreater【C8】______ofJapaneseaged18—24alsopreferredeasyjobs【C9】______heavyresponsibility.

TheyoungerJapaneseareshowinglessconcernforfamilyvaluesastheypursueaninnerworldofprivatesatisfaction.Datacollected【C10】______theJapanesegovernmentin1993showsthatonly23%ofJapaneseyoutharethinkingaboutsupportingtheiragedparents,incontrast【C11】______63%ofyoungAmericans.Itappearsthatmanyyounger-generationJapaneseare【C12】______bothrespectfortheirparents【C13】______asenseofresponsibilitytothefamily.AuthorYoshizakiattributesthechange【C14】______Japaneseparents!over-indulgenceoftheirchildren,materialaffluence,andgrowing【C15】______forprivatematters.

Theshift【C16】______individualismamongJapaneseismostpronouncedamong【C17】______veryyoung.Accordingto1991data【C18】______theBunkaCenterofJapan,50%ofJapaneseyouthaged16—19canbelabeled"self-centered"comparedwith33%among【C19】______aged25-29.Toearntheself-centeredlabel,theyoungpeoplerespondedpositivelyto【C20】______ideasas"Iwouldliketomakedecisionswithoutconsideringtraditionalvalues"and"Idon'twanttodoanythingIcan'tenjoydoing."

【C1】

23.

【C11】

24.(47)

25.

【C17】

三、3.ReadingComprehension(15題)26.Throughouthistorytherehavebeenmanyunusualtaxesleviedonsuchthingsashats,beds,baths,marriages,andfunerals.AtonetimeEnglandleviedataxonsunlightbycollectionfromeveryhouseholdwithsixormorewindows.Andaccordingtolegend,therewasaTurkishrulerwhocollectedataxeachtimehedinedwithoneofhissubjects.Why?Topayforthewearandtearonhisteeth!

Differentkindsoftaxeshelptospreadthetaxburden.Anyonewhopaysataxissaidto"beartheburden"ofthetax.Theburdenofataxmayfallmoreheavilyonsomepersonsthanonothers.Thatiswhythethreelevelsofgovernmentinthiscountryuseseveralkindsoftaxes.Thisspreadstheburdenoftaxesamongmorepeople.Fromthestandpointoftheiruse,themostimportanttaxesareincometaxes,propertytaxes,salestaxes,andestate,inheritance,andgifttaxes.Someareusedbyonlyonelevelofgovernment;othersbytwoorevenallthreelevels.Togetherthesedifferenttaxesmakeupwhatiscalledourtaxsystem.

Incometaxesarethemainsourceoffederalrevenues.Thefederalgovernmentgetsmorethanthree-fourthsofitsrevenuefromincometaxes.Asitsnameindicated,anincometaxisataxonearnings.Bothindividualsandbusinesscorporationspayafederalincometax.

TheoldesttaxintheUnitedStatestodayisthepropertytax.Itprovidesmostoftheincomeforlocalgovernments.Itprovidesatleastapartoftheincomeforallbutafewstates.Itisnotusedbythefederalgovernment.

Asalestaxisatanleviedonpurchases.MostpeoplelivingindieUnitedStatesknowaboutsalestaxessincetheyareusedinallbutfourstates.Actuallythereareseveralkindsofsalestaxes,butonlythreeofthemareimportant.Theyaregeneralsalestaxes,excisetaxes,andimporttaxes.

Otherthreecloselyrelatedtaxesareestate,inheritance,andgifttaxes.Everythingapersonowns,includingbothrealandpersonalproperty,makesuphisorherestate.Whensomeonedies,ownershipofhisorherpropertyorestatepassesontooneormoreindividualsororganizations.Beforethepropertyistransferred,however,itissubjecttoanestatetaxifitsvalueexceedsacertainamount.

ThereasonthattheTurkishrulercollectedadiningtaxistopayfor______.

A.theinconvenienceforhimtoputonandtakeoffclothes

B.thedamagethateatingdidtohisteeth

C.hiseffortstocutthefoodintopieces

D.thedecayofhisteethbecauseofsugar

27.Beforeabigexam,asoundnight'ssleepwilldoyoubetterthanporingovertextbooks.That,atleast,isthefolkwisdom.Andscience,intheform.ofbehavioralpsychology,supportsthatwisdom．Butsuchbehavioralstudiescannotdistinguishbetweentwocompetingtheoriesofwhysleepisgoodforthememory.Onesaysthatsleepiswhenpermanentmemoriesform.Theothersaysthattheyareactuallyformedduringtheday,butthen“edited”atnight,toflushawaywhatissuperfluous.

Totellthedifference,itisnecessarytolookintothebrainofasleepingperson,andthatishard.Butafteradecadeofpainstakingwork,ateamledbyPierreMaquetatLiegeUniversityinBelgiumhasmanagedtodoit.TheparticularstageofsleepinwhichtheBelgiangroupisinterestedisrapideyemovement(REM)sleep,whenbrainandbodyareactive,heartrateandbloodpressureincrease,theeyesmovebackandforthbehindtheeyelidsasifwatchingamovie,andbrainwavetracesresemblethoseofwakefulness.Itisduringthisperiodofsleepthatpeoplearemostlikelytoreliveeventsofthepreviousdayindreams.

Dr.MaquetusedanelectronicdevicecalledPETtostudythebrainsofpeopleastheypracticedataskduringtheday,andastheysleptduringthefollowingnight.Thetaskrequiredthemtopressabuttonasfastaspossible,inresponsetoalightcomingoninoneofsixpositions.Astheylearnthowtodothis,theirresponsetimesgotfaster.Whattheydidnotknowwasthattheappearanceofthelightssometimesfollowedapattern—whatisreferredtoas“artificialgrammar”.Yetthereductionsinresponsetimeshowedthattheylearntfasterwhenthepatternwaspresentthanwhentherewasnot.

Whatismore,thosewithmoretolearn(i.e.the“grammar”,aswellasthemechanicaltaskofpushingthebutton)havemoreactivebrains.The“editing”theorywouldnotpredictthat,sincethenumberofirrelevantstimuliwouldbethesameineachcase.Andtoeliminateanydoubtsthattheexperimentalsubjectswerelearningasopposedtounlearning,theirresponsetimeswhentheywokeupwereevenquickerthanwhentheywenttosleep.

Theteam,therefore,concludedthatthenerveconnectionsinvolvedinmemoryarereinforcedthroughreactivationduringREMsleep,particularlyifthebraindetectsaninherentstructureinthematerialbeinglearnt.Sonow,ontheeveofthatcrucialtest,mathsstudentscansleepsoundlyintheknowledgethatwhattheywillrememberthenextdayarethebasicrulesofalgebraandnottheincoherenttalkfromtheradionextdoor.

Researchersinbehavioralpsychologyaredividedwithregardto______．

A.howdreamsaremodifiedintheircourses

B.thedifferencebetweensleepandwakefulness

C.whysleepisofgreatbenefittomemory

D.thefunctionsofagoodnight'ssleep

28.

Accordingtothepassage,theteensinVillageGreencanbecalled______.

A.depressedgeneration

B.coolgeneration

C.attractivegeneration

D.prosperousgeneration

29.PartB

Directions:Inthefollowingarticlesomeparagraphshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions66-70,choosethemostsuitableparagraphfromthelistA-Ftofitintoeachofthenumberedgaps.Thereisoneparagraphwhichdoesnotfitinanyofthegaps.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.

Inthefollowingarticlesomeparagraphshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions66～70,choosethemostsuitableparagraphfromthelistA～Ftofitintoeachofthenumberedgaps.Thereisoneparagraphwhichdoesnotfitinanyofthegaps.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.

Fromhervantagepointshewatchedthemaindoorsswingopenandthefirstarrivalspourin.Thosewhohadbeenattheheadofthelinepausedmomentarilyonentry,lookedaroundcuriously,thenquicklymovedforwardasothersbehindpressedin.Withinmomentsthecentralpublicareaofthebigbranchbankwasfilledwithachattering,noisycrowd.Thebuilding,relativelyquietlessthanaminuteearlier,hadbecomeaBabel.Edwinasawatallheavysetblackmanwavesomedollarbillsandannounceloudly,"Iwanttoputmymoneyinthebank."

66.______

Itseemedasifthereportabouteveryonehavingcometoopenanaccounthadbeenaccurateafterall.

Edwinacouldseethebigmanleaningbackexpansively,stillholdinghisdollarbills.Hisvoicecutacrossthenoiseofotherconversationsandsheheardhimproclaim,"I'minnohurry.There'ssomethingI'dlikeyoutoexplain."

Twootherdeskswerequicklymannedbyotherclerks.Withequalspeed,longwidelinesofpeopleformedinfrontofthem.

Normally,threemembersofstaffwereampletohandlenewaccountbusiness,butobviouslyinadequatenow.EdwinacouldseeTottenhoeonthefarsideofthebankandcalledhimontheintercom.Sheinstructed,"Usemoredesksfornewaccountsandtakeallthestaffyoucansparetomanthem."

67.______

Tottenhoegrumbledinreply,"Yourealizewecan'tpossiblyprocessallthesepeopletoday,andhowevermanywedowilltieusupcompletely."

"I'vegotanidea,"Edwinasaid,"that'swhatsomeonehasinmind.Justhurrytheprocessingallyoucan."

68.______

First,anapplicationform.calledfordetailsofresidence,employment,socialsecurity,andfamilymatters.Aspecimensignaturewasobtained.Thenproofofidentitywasneeded.Afterthat,thenewaccountsclerkwouldtakealldocumentstoanofficerofthebankforapprovalandinitialing.Finally,asavingspassbookwasmadeoutoratemporarycheckbookissued.

Thereforethemostnewaccountsthatanybankemployeecouldopeninanhourwerefive,sothethreeclerkspresentlyworkingmighthandleasumofninetyinonebusinessday,iftheykeptgoingattopspeed,whichwasunlikely.

69.______

Stillthenoisewithinthebankincreased.Ithadbecomeanuproar.

Afurtherproblemwasthatthegrowingmassofarrivalsinthecentralpublicareaofthebankwaspreventingaccesstotellers'countersbyothercustomers.Edwinacouldseeafewofthemoutside,regardingthemillingscenewithconsternation.Whileshewatched,severalgaveupandwalkedaway.

Insidethebanksomeofthenewcomerswereengagingtellersinconversationandthetellers,havingnothingelsetodobecauseofthemelee,chattedback.Twoassistantmanagershadgonetothecentralfloorareaandweretryingtoconductthefloodofpeoplesoastoclearsomespaceatcounters.Theywerehavingsmallsuccess.

70.______

Shedecideditwastimeforherownintervention.

Edwinalefttheplatform.andafailed-offstaffareaand,withdifficulty,madeherwaythroughthemillingcrowdtothemainfrontdoor.

A.Yetsheknewhowevermuchtheyhurrieditwouldstilltaketentofifteenminutestoopenanysinglenewaccount.Italwaysdid.Thepaperwo

30.PartC

Directions:Answerquestions71-80byreferringtothefollowinggames.

Note:AnswereachquestionbychoosingA,BorCandmarkitonANSWERSHEET1.Somechoicesmayberequiredmorethanonce.

A=RotherhitheB=BarnesC=WillesdenD=King'sCrossWhichcity…

usedtohavelotofproblemssuchasdrugs,streetcrime,etc.?71.______

hastheunpopularstyle.ofarchitecture?72.______

hasthemostexpensiveproperties?73.______

offersbigout-fashionedhousesatlowerprice?74.______

islocatedinaquietresidentialarea?75.______

sawabigincreaseinpricelastyear?76.______

willbuildalotofnewfacilities?77.______

isestimatedtobeagoodinvestment?78.______

encouragesnight-lifecultureforyoungpeople?79.______

createsenergeticmulti-culturalatmosphere?80.______

A

Rotherhithe

Rotherhithemaybemostfamousforitscongestedtunnelbutmanyyoungbuyersarewarmingtoitsriversidecharms.

Itisstillmuchcheaperthanitswatersideneighbors.Thehousingstockispredominately1980sflats,manyarrangedincul-de-sacs(死胡同)andclosesaroundSurreyQuaysRoad.

TheunpopulararchitecturehasledtotheareabeingcalledtheMiltonKeynesofLondonbutpropertiesarespaciousandunfashionablestyle.haskeptpricesdown.

PaulMitchell,ofestateagentsAlexNeil,says,"Thereispreciouslittleperiodproperty,butyouwillgetfarmoreforyourmoneyherethanaVictorianhousewithlotsoforiginalfeaturesdowntheroadinBermondsey."

SurryQuaysshoppingcenterprovidesalltheamenitiesofahighstreetbuttheareaislackinginfun.However,SouthwarkCouncilisintalkstodevelopthe"nighttimeeconomy"whichcouldwellleadtoanincreaseinbarsandrestaurantstocaterfortiegrowingnumberofyoungprofessionalresidents.

"Itispossibletogetagoodthree-bedroomhouseinRotherhithefor280,000,"saysSumineJordaan-Robinson,ofagentsBurwoodMarsih,"Abouteightminutes;walkfromtheJubileelinewhichwillhaveyouinBondstreetin15minutes.TherearerotthatmanyareasinLondonwherethatispossible."

B

Barnes

BarnessitsjustacrosstheriverfromHammersmithinsouthwestLondon,butitcouldnotbemoredifferentfromthenoiseandbustleoftheoppositebank.

IthasbeencalledoneofthelasttrueLondon"villages"withhappyresidentskeepingitsoldschoolcharmsquietfromnoseyoutsidersandpotentialdevelopers.

BeingbytheriverandpredominatelyresidentialgivesBarnesanattractivelylazyvibe.Ithasatraditionalvillagegreencompletewithidyllicduckpondandquaintpub.ThehighstreetisaboutasfarfromthePoundShopandPrimarkambienceofitsneighborsasispossible.

ButbuyingintoBarnesisnotcheap."Familyhousesaresnappedupincrediblyquickly,"claimsChrisCarney,salesnegotiatoratBoileausestateagents."Itisveryhardtogetpropertiesofthissize,withoutsidespacesoclosetoLondon,whichiswhytheyareexpensive."

LargedetachedVicuorianhousesonthetwomainroads,CastlenauandLonsdale,normallyhavebetweenfiveandsevenbedrooms,gardensof120ftandoffstreetparking.Thesesellforanythingbetween￡2millionand￡5million.Bythevillagegreentherearerowsofimmaculateterraced

31.

Thegovernmentleviesdifferentkindsoftaxessothat______．

A.therichhavetopaymoreandthepoorless

B.awiderrangeoftaxpayerscanbeincluded

C.eachofthreelevelsofgovernmentcouldgettaxmoney

D.theburdenoftaxesfallsevenlyoneverybody

32.(76)

33.(79)

34.(78)

35.

Theauthorimpliesthatwhichofthefollowingischaracteristicofmanyemployeehealthinsuranceplans?

A.Theycoverallthecommonmedicalconditionsaffectingmen,butonlysomeofthoseaffectingwomen.

B.Theylackthespecialprovisionsforwomenworkersthatproposedspeciallaborlawsforwomenwouldprovide.

C.Theypaythemedicalcostsassociatedwithpregnancyandchildbirthonlyforthespousesofmaleemployees,notforfemaleemployees.

D.Theymeetminimumlegalrequirements,,butdonotadequatelysafeguardthehealthofeithermaleorfemaleemployees.

36.PartB

Directions:Inthefollowingarticlesomeparagraphshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions66-70,choosethemostsuitableparagraphfromthelistA-Ftofitintoeachofthenumberedgaps.Thereisoneparagraphwhichdoesnotfitinanyofthegaps.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.

DoesthepublisherofDouglasStarr'sexcellentBlood—AnEpicHistoryofMedicineandCommerceactuallyexpecttosellmanycopies?Whoeverchosethetitleiscertaintoscareoffthesqueamish,andthesubtitle,whichmakestheeffortsoundlikeadry,densesurveytext,hasreallydonethisbookadisservice.Infact,thebraveandcuriouswillenjoyabrightlywritten,intriguing,anddisquietingbook,withsomeimportantlessonsforpublichealth.

66.______

Thebookbeginswithahistoricalviewoncenturiesofloreaboutblood—inparticular,thebeliefthatbloodcarriedtheevilhumorsofdiseaseandrequiredoccasionaldraining.AsrecentlyastheRevolutionaryWar,bloodlettingwaswidelyappliedtotreatfevers.Theideaofusingoneperson'sbloodtohealanotherisonlyabout75yearsold—althoughroguescientistshadexperimentedwithtransfusinganimalbloodatleastasearlyasthe1600s.Thefirsttransfusionexperimentsinvolvedstitchingadonor'svein(inearlycasesthephysician's)toapatient'svein.

67.______

Sabotagedbynotionsaboutthe"purity"oftheirgroups'blood,JapanandGermanylaggedwellbehindtheAlliesintransfusionscience.OncetheyrealizedtheywerelosinginjuredtroopstheAllieshadlearnedtosave,theytriedtocatchup,conductinghorribleandunproductiveexperimentssuchasdrainingbloodfromPOWsandinjectingthemwithhorsebloodorpolymers.

68.______

Duringtheearlytomid-1980s,Starrsays,10,000Americanhemophiliacsand12,000otherscontractedHIVfromtransfusionsandreceiptofbloodproducts.Bloodbanksbothhereandabroadmovedslowlytoacknowledgethethreatofthevirusandinsomecasesevenactedwithcriminalnegligence,allowingthedistributionofbloodtheyknewwastainted.Thisisnotnewmaterial.ButStarr'sinsightsaddadimensiontoastoryfirstexploredinthelateRandyShilts'sAndtheBondPlayedOn.

69.______

Isthebloodsupplysafenow?Screeningproceduresandtechnologyhavegottenmuchmoreadvanced.Yetit'sdisturbingtoreadStarr'scontentionthatapersonreceivingmultipletransfusionstodayhasabouta1in90,000chanceofcontractingHTV—farhigherthanthe"oneinamillion"figurethatbloodbankersonceblithelyandfalselyquoted.Moreover,newpathogensthreatentoemergeandspreadthro