-現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)ppt-課件

PresentPerfectTense

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)present(now)futurepast

PresentPerfectTense

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主語+have/has+過去分詞（pp）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)Winter

has

already

come，willitstillbefarinspring?主語+have/has+過去分詞（pp）否定形式haven’t(havenot）+過去分詞hasn’t(hasnot)+過去分詞疑問句把助動(dòng)詞have/has放在句首現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)注：主語若是第三人稱單數(shù)助動(dòng)詞用hasYouhaveplantedallthetrees.Ihaveplantedallthetrees.He/shehasplantedallthetrees.Theyhaveplantedallthetrees.區(qū)別have和has的用法主語若是第三人稱單數(shù)助動(dòng)詞用has1、規(guī)則變化（過去分詞與過去時(shí)變化規(guī)則一樣）(1)、一般動(dòng)詞，在詞尾直接加“ed”。work---worked---workedvisit---visited---visited(2)、以“e”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，只在詞尾加“d”。live---lived

過去分詞(3)、以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，將“y”變?yōu)椤癷”，再加“ed”。，study---studied---studiedcry---cried---cried(4)、重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，先雙寫該輔音字母，再加“ed”。stop---stopped---stoppeddrop---dropped--dropped2、不規(guī)則變化have—had—hadam/is—was—beenare—were—beendo—did—donego—went—gonesee—saw—seenPresentperfecttense

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

構(gòu)成:用法一：表示過去發(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),強(qiáng)調(diào)是過去動(dòng)作與現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系,也就是強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在的影響和結(jié)果.have/has

+過去分詞1.兩個(gè)句子都表示過去發(fā)生的事；2.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過去和現(xiàn)在的聯(lián)系，不能和具體的時(shí)間狀語連用；3.一般過去時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過去發(fā)生的事或狀態(tài),沒有說明與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系，它與表示過去的具體時(shí)間連用。（last,ago,yesterday,etc.）presentpastIhavelivedherefortwoyearsIlivedthere2yearsago

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)的區(qū)別：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí):強(qiáng)調(diào)這一動(dòng)作產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響或結(jié)果，與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)。

一般過去時(shí):僅表示在過去某一時(shí)刻曾發(fā)生過這一動(dòng)作，與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)。他已學(xué)英語五年了。HehasstudiedEnglishforfiveyears.

他曾學(xué)過五年英語。HestudiedEnglishforfiveyears.

（說明他還會(huì)繼續(xù)學(xué)下去）（只說明他過去學(xué)過五年英語，但現(xiàn)在不學(xué)了。）I’velivedherefortenyears.我在這里住了10年。(現(xiàn)在仍住這兒)Ilivedherefortenyears.我在這里住過10年。(現(xiàn)在不住這兒了)Hehasboughtahouse.他買了一棟房子。(現(xiàn)在已擁有這房子)Heboughtahousetenyearsago.他10年前買了一棟房子。(現(xiàn)在是否仍擁有這房子不清楚)一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)有一些明顯的時(shí)間狀語。遇到y(tǒng)esterday,Lastyear,inMay,in+過去某一年，twodaysago,theotherday,justnow等就用一般過去時(shí)(表過去的時(shí)間)當(dāng)有sofar,in/during/overthepast/lastfewdays(在過去/最近的幾年里)，since接過去時(shí)間狀語或過去時(shí)的句子等常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(不能與確定的時(shí)間)PutthefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.A:火車已經(jīng)開走了.B:什么時(shí)候開走的?A:半個(gè)小時(shí)之前開走的.A:這本書我已經(jīng)買了兩年了.B:你在哪兒買的?A:在我老家買的.A:你看過這部電影嗎?B:看過.A:什么時(shí)候看的.B:上周星期天看的.A:Thetrainhasleft.B:Whendiditleave.A:Itlefthalfanhourago.A:haveyouseenthefilm?B:Yes,Ihave.A:Whendidyouseeit?B:IsawitlastSunday.A:I`vehadthebookfortwoyears.B:Wheredidyoubuyit?A:Iboughtitinmyhometown.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能與表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用，常與之連用的時(shí)間狀語有：

before,bynow(sofar),once,twice…,just,recentlyyet(否/疑),already(肯),ever,never,allone’slife,in/during/overthepast/last5years,

（1）already肯定句:“己經(jīng)”一般疑問句:句末(表示驚訝的語氣)“難道”

Haveyouhadbreakfastalready？

(表示強(qiáng)調(diào))I’vealreadyhadbreakfast.(常見)=I’vehadbreakfastalready.

注:

有already的句子在時(shí)態(tài)上并不都是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),判斷時(shí)要看該詞后是否有動(dòng)詞的過去分詞.Eg.She’salreadyeightyyearsold.Itwasalreadyverylate.(2)yet否定句:句末“還(沒)”疑問句:句末“己經(jīng)”Haveyouhadbreakfastyet?Ihaven’thadbreakfastyet.注意：當(dāng)在肯定句中含already或just，變否定時(shí)，在句末加yet。Ihaven’tseenthefilmyet.●

Motherhasjustcleanedthehouse.Motherhasn’tcleanedthehouseyet.●

Ihavealreadyseenthefilm.

(3)ever肯定句/疑問句:句中“曾經(jīng)”

I’veeverbeentoBeijing. HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?(4)never否定句:句中“從來沒有”I’veneverbeentoBeijing.注:帶ever的肯定句變否定句時(shí),將ever變neverHehasevermademeal.Havetheyevertravelledbytrain?No,never.Hehasnevermademeal.帶ever的一般疑問句作否定回答時(shí)可用“No,never.”(5)just用于句中,表示“剛剛”I’vejusthadbreakfast.Whathavetheyjustdone?(6)before用于句末,表示“以前” I’veseenitbefore. Hassheriddenabikebefore?Exercises

1.I________(have)lunchalready.2.Hasthetrain_______(arrive),yet?3.Tome____never_______(beto)China.4.Thetwin______just_____(see)myfather.5.Thetwins____(see)myfatherjustnow.6.Manytallbuildings____________(build)inthepast5years.havehadarrivedhasbeentohasseensawhavebeenbuilt用法二：

E.g.Katehaslivedherefor3years.Katehaslivedheresince3yearsago.KatehaslivedheresinceshecametoChina.表示過去所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并可能還將持續(xù)下去。動(dòng)詞使用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。常與for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間連用since:(自…以來)1)since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)He

has

stayed

here

since

5

o’clock.2)since+時(shí)間段+agoHe

has

stayed

here

since

5

hours

ago.3)since+從句（句中的謂語動(dòng)詞為過去式）She

has

taught

English

since

he

came

here.

for:(長(zhǎng)達(dá)）for+時(shí)間段Hehaskeptthebookfor2weeks.since,for的用法:

Takenotes

注意:對(duì)for或since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語提問必須用___________1.Ihavelivedherefor10years.Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?2.Shehasstoodheresince2hoursago.Howlonghasshestoodhere?

howlong

選用for和since填空:1.Wehaven’tseeneachother______alongtime.2.HisfatherhasbeenintheParty______10yearsago.3.Thefilmhasbeenon______20minutes.4.MrGreenhasworkedhere______hecametoChina.5.Hisgrandpahasbeendead______severalyears.forsinceforsincefor6.Mr.BrownhashadhisTV______15years.7.I’vetakendrivinglessons_______lastmonth.8.Mysisterhashadhercellphone______amonth.9.Myfriendshaven’tvisitedme______mybirthday.10.Wehaven’tusedourcar_____alongtime.11.Shehasn’thadagoodcupofcoffee_____years.12.Tomhaswornglasses_______hewas7yearsold.forsinceforsinceforforsince注意:瞬間動(dòng)詞不能和時(shí)間段連用.

瞬間動(dòng)詞joinbegin/startborrowfinish/endarrive/comeleavediebuy··········注意PleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectShehasboughtthecomputerfortwoyears.hadbuyhave/hashadPleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectHowlonghaveyoucometotheUnitedStates？beenincometohave/hasbeenin

buyhave/hashadPleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectAnnhasgonetoChinasincethreemonthsago.beenincometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeninPleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectIhavegottoParisforoneweek.beenincometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninPleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectMybrotherhasjoinedthearmyforfiveyears.beeninbeenasoldiercometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninjoin

have/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenasoldier

PleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectIhaveleftSetohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninjoin

have/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenasoldier

leave

have/hasbeenaway

PleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectIhaveborrowedthedictionarysince3daysago.keptcometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninjoin

have/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenasoldier

leave

have/hasbeenaway

borrow

have/haskeptPleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectThefilmhasbegunfor10minutes.beenoncometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninjoin

have/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenasoldier

leave

have/hasbeenaway

borrow

have/haskeptbegin

have/hasbeenon

PleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectTheconcerthasfinishedforhalfanhour.beenovercometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninjoin

have/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenasoldier

leave

have/hasbeenaway

borrow

have/haskeptbegin

have/hasbeenon

finish

have/hasbeenover

PleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectHisdoghasdiedfortwoyears.beendeadcometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninjoin

have/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenasoldier

leave

have/hasbeenaway

borrow

have/haskeptbegin

have/hasbeenon

finish

have/hasbeenover

die

have/hasbeendead

PleasepointoutanymistakesandcorrectShehasmarriedforsixyears.beenmarriedcometohave/hasbeeninbuyhave/hashadgotohave/hasbeeningottohave/hasbeeninjoin

have/hasbeeninhave/hasbeenasoldier

leave

have/hasbeenaway

borrow

have/haskeptbegin

have/hasbeenon

finish

have/hasbeenover

die

have/hasbeendead

marry

have/hasbeenmarried常見非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)變arrive/come/gotodiebecomeaborrowLeave/movebuyopenjoinstart/beginfinish/endcatchacoldgetupgettoknowgetoutclosewakeupgotosleepbecomeinterestedinbein

bedeadhavekeepbeaway/beoutbeabein/amemberofbeopenbeonbeoverhaveacoldbeupknowbeoutbeclosedbeawakebeasleep/sleepbeinterestedinExercises

Hisfatherhasdied.(for2years)Thefootballmatchhasbegun.(since9:00a.m)Thetwinshavejoinedthearmy.(sincetheyare18yearsold)Myteacherhasjust

leftNanjing.(for3days)Hisfatherhasbeendeadfor2years.Thefootballmatchhasbeenonsince9:00a.m.Thetwinshavebeensoldiers/beeninthearmysincetheyare18yearsold.MyteacherhasbeenawayfromNanjingfor3days注：※非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞可以于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，它不能跟段時(shí)間。但它的否定式可以跟段時(shí)間狀語連用.

TomhasleftBeijing.Tomhasn’tleftBeijingsincehecametothiscityin2004.Hehasborrowedapenfromme.Hehasn’tborrowedapenfrommesinceweargued.重點(diǎn)句型:

Itis/hasbeen+段時(shí)間+since從句

段時(shí)間+haspassed+since從句

eg.他死了兩年了：Hediedtwoyearsago.Hehasbeendeadfortwoyears/sincetwoyearsagoItis/hasbeentwoyearssincehedied.Twoyearshaspassedsincehedied.

這本書我借了一個(gè)月了。Iborrowedthisbookamonthago.Itis/hasbeenamonthsinceIborrowedthebook.Ihavekeptthebookforamonth./sinceamonthago.AmonthhaspassedsinceIborrowedthebook.用法三：havebeento曾經(jīng)去過某地（已返回）havegoneto去了某地（還沒有回來）A

B

A

B巧記：beento，goneto意不同，兩者用法要記清；havebeento+地名，曾經(jīng)到過某地行；havegoneto+地點(diǎn)，到某地去了已走遠(yuǎn)。

havebeenin+地點(diǎn)，在某地呆多久。1.IhavegonetoJapanbefore.()2.Guilinisverybeautiful,Ihavebeentotheretwice.()3.HisfatherhasgonetoBeijing.Hewillbebacknextweek()4.Wherehaveyougone?()Trueorfalse?FFFTbeenbeen去掉canyoudistinguish?have/hasbeento

have/hasgoneto

have/hasbeenin

1.Bill____________London,hewillcomebacktomorrow.

2.A:Wherearethetwins?B:They____________thecinema.3.I_______________Paristwice.He

never

there.4.A:

youever_________America?B:No,never.5.A:Howlong

you________China?B:Foroneyear.6.HeleftforEnglandtwodaysago.He___________therefortwodays.hasgoneto

havegoneto

havebeento

beento

beenin

hasbeen

havehasbeenHave用have/hasbeento,have/hasgoneto填空：1.—Whereisyourbrother?—He____________theshop.He’llbebacksoon.2.—______youever_________toAmerica?—Yes,I___________NewYorktwice.3.—Hereyouareatlast!Where_____you_____?—I_____________London.4.—David_____________Australia.—I’msurehe’salreadyarrived.5.—IsBennyhere?—No,he__________theschoollibrary.Heleftfiveminutesago.hasgonetoHavebeentohavebeentohavebeenhavebeentohasgonetohasgonetoExercisesTom在哪兒？他去書店買書了。我在北京待了5年了。Jack去過上海兩次了-WhereisTom?-Hehasgonetothebookshoptobuysomebooks.IhavebeeninBeijingfor5years.JackhasbeentoShanghaitwice.1.When（特殊疑問詞“什么時(shí)候”）不用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。因?yàn)樗菍?duì)動(dòng)作所發(fā)生的時(shí)間提問的，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的動(dòng)作卻是過去所發(fā)生的。e.g--WhereisTom?--Hehasgonetothezoo?--Whendidhego?--Hewenttherethismorning.注意

2.

被形容詞最高級(jí)所修飾的名詞后的定語從句(that引導(dǎo))中，一般用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。Thisisthemostdeliciousfood(that)I’veevereaten.這是我所吃過的最美味的食物。Sheisthemostbeautifulgirl(that)I’veeverseen.她是我見過的最美麗的姑娘3.Itisthefirst/secondtime+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Thisis+the最高級(jí)+名詞+that+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)Thisisthefirsttime(that)I‘veheardhimsing.

這是我第一次聽他唱歌。ItisthefirsttimethatIhaveseensuchabeautifulgirlItwasthethirdtimethattheboyhasbeenlate.ThisisthebestfilmthatI‘ve(ever)seen.

這是我看過的最好的電影。

典型例題

(1)---Doyouknowourtownatall?

---No,thisisthefirsttimeI___here.

A.wasB.havebeenC.cameD.amcoming

(2)---Haveyou____beentoourtownbefore?

---No,it‘sthefirsttimeI___here.

A.even,comeB.even,havecomeC.ever,comeD.ever,havecome

DB

當(dāng)堂檢測(cè)一、句式變換：（5分,每空1分）1.JackhasvisitedChinabefore.(改為否定句）Jack

visitedChinabefore.2.Theyhavecomeintotheclassroom.(改為一般疑問句）

comeintotheclassroom?3.Hehasbeenherefor12years.(劃線提問）

hashebeenhere?hasn’tHavethey

Howlong1、Hehasneversurfed,

?（改成反意疑問句）2、Theyhavebeenheresince2000.(對(duì)劃線部分提問)

havetheybeenhere?3、Theoldman_________lastyear.He

_____________forayear.(die)（動(dòng)詞填空）

hasheHowlongdiedhasbeendead4.Thisfactoryopenedtwentyyearsago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)Thisfactory

________fortwentyyears.5、MissGaoleftanhourago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)MissGao____________________anhourago.6、HermotherhasbeenaPartymemberforthreeyears.（同義句）Hermother_______thePartythreeyears_______.7、TheGreenFamilymovedtoFrancetwoyearsago.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)_______twoyears________theGreenfamilymovedtoFrance.8、Thebushasarrivedhere.Itarrivedtenminutesago.(把兩個(gè)句子合并成一個(gè)句子)

___________________________________________

hasbeenopenhasbeenawaysincejoinedagoItissinceThebushasbeenherefortenminutesCorrecting

1.Ihaveborrowedthebookfor3months.2.Mybotherhasjoinedthearmysincehewas18.3.JackandTomhavelivedheresince5years.4.ThefilmhasbeenonsinceIhavecometothecinema.5.WhenhasMr.Licaughtabadcold?

havekepthasbeenin/beenamemberofthearmysince5yearsago/for5yearscamedidcatch6.Tenyearshavepassedsincetheygotmarried.7.JimhasgonetoBeijingfor2years.8.Whattimehavethefactoryopened?9.IhavegonetoChunhuaMiddleSchooltwice.hashasbeenindidopenbeento寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過去式及過去分詞1become_______-________2break_______-_________3bring_______-________4build_______-_________5bite_______-_________6catch_______-_________7choose________-_______8cut________-__________9fall_______-__________10fly_______-__________11forget_______-_______12grow________-_______13hit______-______14hurt_____-______15keep_____-______16lend______-_____17lose______-______18meet_____-______19put______-______20read______-_____21ring______-______becamebecomebrokebrokenbroughtbroughtbuiltbuiltbitbitcaughtcaughtchosechosencutcutfellfallenflewflownforgotforgottengrewgrownhithithurthurtkeptkeptlentlentlostlostmetmetputputreadreadrangrungExercises()1.You’veneverseensuchawonderfulfilmbefore,_______?A.haven’tyouB.haveyouC.doyouD.don’tyou()2.—Ihavewatchedthegame.—When____you____it?A.have;watchedB.do;watchC.did;watchD.will;watch()3.Mr.Green____inChinasincefiveyearsago.A.livedB.haslivedC.livesD.isgoingtolive()4.Hisgrandma______fortwoyears.A.diedB.hasdiedC.wasdeadD.hasbeendeadBCBD()5.–WhereisHanMeinow?－She____toShanghai.Shewillbebackintwodays.A.hasgoneB.hasbeenC.goesD.hadgone()6.－_____you____totheUnitedStated?－No,never,butIwenttoCanadaafewyearsagoA.Have;beenB.Have;goneC.Did;goD.Do;go()7.Youhaven’tchangedyourmind,_______?A.doyouB.areyouC.haveyouD.didyou()8.Howlonghaveyou_____thefootballteamoftheschool?A.playedB.beenatC.joinedDbeenonAACD()9.—Wherehaveyou_____thesedays?—Ihave_____toKunmingwithmyfriends.Abeen,goneBbeen,beenCgone,beenDgone,gone()10.Howlonghaveyou____thisbook?A.boughtB.borrowedC.hadD.lent()11.—Excuseme,____youseenthefilmyet?—Yes,I_____itlastnight.Ahave,seeBhave,haveseenChave,seenDhave,saw()12.Hehasneverriddenahorsebefore,_____?A.isheB.isn’theC.hasn’theD.hasheBCDD1、Bothhisparentslooksad.Maybethey_________what'shappenedtohim.Ａ.knewＢ.haveknownＣ.mustknowＤ.willknow2、Hehas_______beentoShanghai,hashe?Ａ.alreadyＢ.neverＣ.everＤ.still3、HaveyoumetMrLi______？Ａ.justＢ.agoＣ.beforeＤ.amomentago4、Thefamouswriter_____onenewbookinthepasttwoyear.Ａ.iswritingＢ.waswritingＣ.wroteＤ.haswritten

BBCD5、—Ourcountry______alotsofar.—Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven______.Ａ.haschanged;wellＢ.changed;goodＣ.haschanged;betterＤ.changed;better6、ZhaoLan______already______inthisschoolfortwoyears.Ａ.was;studyingＢ.will;studyＣ.has;studiedＤ.are;studying7、We______XiaoLisinceshewasalittlegirl.Ａ.knowＢ.hadknownＣ.haveknownＤ.knew8、HarryPotterisaverynicefilm.I_______ittwice.Ａ.willseeＢ.haveseenＣ.sawＤ.see

CCCB9、—ThesefarmershavebeentotheUnitedStates.—Really?When_____there?Ａ.willtheygoＢ.didtheygoＣ.dotheygoＤ.havetheygone10、—______you___yourhomeworkyet?—Yes.I_____itamomentago.Ａ.Did;do;finishedＢ.Have;done;finishedＣ.Have;done;havefinishedＤ.will;do;finish11、Hisfather______thePartysince1978.Ａ.joinedＢ.hasjoinedＣ.wasinＤ.hasbeenin12、—Doyouknowhimwell?—Sure.We_________friendssincetenyearsago.Ａ.wereＢ.havebeenＣ.havebecomeＤ.havemade

BBDB

13、—Howlonghaveyou____here?—Abouttwomonths.Ａ.beenＢ.goneＣ.comeＤ.arrived14、Hurryup!Theplay_______fortenminutes.Ａ.hasbegunＢ.hadbegunＣ.hasbeenonＤ.began15、It_____tenyearssinceheleftthearmy.Ａ.isＢ.hasＣ.willＤ.was16、MissGreenisn'tintheoffice.she_______tothelibrary.Ａ.hasgoneＢ.wentＣ.willgoＤ.hasbeen

ACAA

17、Myparents______Shandongfortenyears.Ａ.havebeeninＢ.havebeentoＣ.havegonetoＤ.havebeen18、Thestudentshavecleanedtheclassroom,

?A.sotheyB.don’ttheyC.havetheyD.ha