2010~2018年天津中考英語真題專題匯編：綜合填空

綜合填空一.填空題(共8小題)(2017?天津)LanLan,astudentofGradeSeveninLushan,wastakingadrawingclassinatentonApril23.Guesswhatshedrew---ahousewithwings.Whentheteacheraskedwhyshedidso,Lansaidifherhousecould(81)fly,itwouldn'tfalldowninanearthquake.Lan'shometownwashitbya(82)strongearthquakeonApril20.Atleast196peoplewerekilledandmorethan11,000wereinjured.Manypeoplebecamehomeless.Soldiersanddoctors(83)quicklyarrivedinthearea,savingpeopleandrebuildinghomes.Lotsofmoneywassenttheretohelpallthoseinneed.Althoughwecan'tprevent(阻止)anearthquakefromhappening,wecanusesomemethodsto(84)reduceharm.Duringanearthquake,donotjumpoutofhighbuildingsbecauseitisvery(85)dangerous.Anothermethodistocoveryourheadandneck(86)underastrongtableordesk.Ifthereisnoshelter(躲避處)nearby,youcanalsostaybyawall,andcoveryourheadandneckwithyourarmsandhands.Andthenyoumustkeepcalmandstaythere(87)until theshakingstops.Japanisa(88)countrywhichliesontheearthquakebelt(地震帶)anditisverygoodatdealingwithearthquakes.Fromaveryyoungage,theJapanesearealreadytaughthowtosurvive(幸存)them.Studentsoftenreceiveearthquaketraining.AlmostineveryJapanesefamilyyoucanfindasurvivalkit(救生裝備)withaflash-light,aradio,waterandenoughfoodforseveraldays.Thishelpspeopletostay(89)aliveafteranearthquake."Thereshouldbemoresafety(90)trainingatschoolsinourcountry,"saidXuJiannong,aneducationexpertinBeijing.Thereisnomoretruththanthiswhenone'slifeisthemostimportantofall．【解答】81.fly；考查動詞辨析，根據(jù)語境，猜猜她畫了一個帶有翅膀的什么樣的房子，所以這個房子能"飛"，以f開頭，故填fly.strong；考查形容詞辨析，蘭蘭的家鄉(xiāng)在4月20日被強烈的地震襲擊，"強烈的"以s開頭，故天strong.quickly；考查副詞辨析，根據(jù)語境，士兵和醫(yī)生快速到達當?shù)?快速地，且以q開第1頁（共14頁）頭，故填quickly.reduce； 考查動詞辨析，根據(jù)語境，我們不能阻止地震發(fā)生，我們能用一些方法”減少"傷害.減少，且以r開頭，故填reduce.dangerous；考查形容詞辨析，根據(jù)語境，發(fā)生地震的時候不要從高的建筑上跳下去因為太危險，危險的，以d開頭故填dangerous.under；考查介詞辨析，根據(jù)語境，另一個方法就把你的頭或者脖子躲在椅子的下面，在…的下面，且以u開頭，故填under.until；考查連詞辨析，然后你必須保持鎮(zhèn)定和待在那里“直到”地震結(jié)束，直到…且以u開頭，故填until.country；考查名詞詞辨析，根據(jù)語境日本是處在地震帶的一個國家”并且它很擅長應(yīng)對地震，國家，且以c開頭，前面有a修飾填名詞單數(shù)，故填country.alive；考查形容詞辨析，根據(jù)語境這幫助他們地震之后還能活著，stay后接形容詞，處于某種狀態(tài)，活著的，以a開頭，故填形容詞alive.training；考查動詞辨析，根據(jù)語境，在我們國家在學(xué)校應(yīng)該有更多的安全訓(xùn)練.訓(xùn)練，且以t開頭，故填名詞training.2.(2016?天津)IfyoupayavisittoLiuHasheng'srestaurantinHarbin,youwillfind18robotsthere.Theyarereadytoserveyouandmakesurethatyourdininge(81)xperienceisperfect.Afterthevisit,youcantellothersthattherobotsservingcustomersisn'tadreamanymore．It'swonderfultoseeh(82)owthe18robotsworkintherestaurant.Thewonders(83)tartswhenyouwalkin.You'llseearobotcomeupandsay,"Earthperson,hello!WelcometotheRobotRestaurant."Whenyouhaveorderedyourm(84)eal,therobotsinthekitchenbegintodothecooking.Afterthefoodisp(85)repared,arobotwaiterwillglide(滑行)outofthekitchentoserveyouwiththemealyou'veordered.Andascustomersenjoytheird(86) eliciousfood,arobotsingslovelysongsforthem.Youmayask,"Wheredidalltheserobotscomefrom?"Liusaidtheyweredesigned(設(shè)計)andm(87)adebytheHarbinHaohaiRobotCompany.Liusaidheinvested(投資)5millionyuanintherestaurant,witheachrobotcosting200,000yuanto300,000yuan.Andthew(88) hole/wonderfulrobotteamismanagedbytheworkersinthecomputerroom.Afterabusyday,alltherobotswillgofora"meal",whichise(89)lectricity.After5hours,第2頁(共14頁)therobotscancontinuetheirworkforaday.Therestaurantnowprovidesamenuwithmorethan30dishes（菜肴），andtheaverage（平均）costforadinnerisa（90）bout40to50yuan.Doyouwanttogoandhaveatryinthisrestaurant?【解答】81.experience考查名詞用法.根據(jù)空前面的名詞dining可知其后應(yīng)該跟名詞，dining作定語修飾該名詞；根據(jù)后句Afterthevisit,youcantellothersthattherobotsservingcustomersisn'tadreamanymore.（訪問結(jié)束后，你可以告訴別人，為客戶服務(wù)的機器人不再是一個夢想）結(jié)合首字母e,可推知前句是指他們會確保用餐體驗是完美的，側(cè)重于內(nèi)心的感受，結(jié)合后面的系動詞is,故此處應(yīng)用不可數(shù)名詞experience指"體驗".故填：experience.how 考查疑問副詞用法.根據(jù)tosee可知后面的部分作see的賓語；結(jié)合本段后面的一系列的描述向我們展示了機器人工作的全過程，結(jié)合首字母h,可知此處應(yīng)用疑問副詞how指方式"如何"，指會看到機器人是如何工作的. 故填：howstarts 考查動詞用法.根據(jù)后面的時間狀語…whenyouwalkin及You'llseearobotcomeupandsay,"Earthperson,hello!WelcometotheRobot區(qū)6$12口^過，可知這應(yīng)該是一開始當客人進入飯店后機器人首先要做的事情即問好，空處位于主語后所以應(yīng)用謂語動詞，結(jié)合首字母s,可知此處是指當你走進飯店，奇跡開始了，故用動詞start；由于此句為一般現(xiàn)在時，主語為單數(shù)，所以start應(yīng)用三單形式starts.故填startsmeal 考查名詞用法.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞your可知其后應(yīng)該跟名詞；聯(lián)系后句therobotsinthekitchenbegintodothecooking（廚房里的機器人開始做飯），很顯然，一般是在客人點完餐后開始做菜，結(jié)合首字母m,及關(guān)鍵詞order,可知這里應(yīng)是指點餐，故用名詞meal,此處是特指點完你的餐，所以用單數(shù)即可.故填：mealprepared 考查動詞用法.根據(jù)后句arobotwaiterwillglide（滑行）outofthekitchentoserveyouwiththemealyou'veordered（一個機器人服務(wù)員將滑行出廚房為您送來你點的餐）可知前句肯定是指在飯準備好了之后才會來送餐；此句的主語為food,結(jié)合is,可知是其后面空處謂語動詞的承受者，所以此處應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，構(gòu)成為am/is/are+過去分詞；結(jié)合首字母p,可以確定此處應(yīng)該填動詞prepare（準備）的過去分詞prepared.故填：prepareddelicious 考查形容詞用法.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞enjoytheir…food可知their后應(yīng)該是艮形容詞修飾food；再聯(lián)系enjoy的含義"享受"，結(jié)合首字母d,可知只有美味的食物才稱得上享受，所以此處應(yīng)用形容詞delicious.故填：delicious第3頁（共14頁）made 考查動詞用法.根據(jù)句子的關(guān)鍵部分theyweredesigned(設(shè)計)and…by可知空處應(yīng)填入的是和designed具有相同形式和并列意義的動詞，并可以判斷出此句為一般過去時的被動語態(tài)；was/were+過去分詞，所以空處應(yīng)該填入動詞的過去分詞；結(jié)合首字母m及后面theHarbinHaohaiRobotCompany是一家機器人公司，所以推測這些機器人是被這家公司設(shè)計進而制造的，故用動詞make(制造)的過去分詞made.故填：madewhole/wonderful考查形容詞用法.根據(jù)定冠詞the及名詞短語robotteam可知空處應(yīng)該填入一個形容詞作定語；結(jié)合后半部分…ismanagedbytheworkersinthecomputerroom.(是由在計算機機房的人員進行管理的)結(jié)合首字母w可以有兩種理解：一是指整個的機器人團隊，強調(diào)一個整體，可以用whole；二是聯(lián)系前文對機器人出色工作的肯定，所以也可以指這個出色的機器人團隊，也可以用wonderful.故填：whole/wonderful89.electricity 考查名詞用法.根據(jù)前句Afterabusyday,alltherobotswillgofora"meal",whichis…可知此處的which引導(dǎo)定語從句，代指前面的先行詞meal,所以is后應(yīng)該跟名詞，解釋說明meal是什么；聯(lián)系常識機器人在工作了一天后，形象的比喻為“吃飯"，聯(lián)想到機器人工作一般都是用電驅(qū)動的，結(jié)合首字母e,可知此處應(yīng)用不可數(shù)名詞electricity"電".故填：electricityabout 考查介詞用法.根據(jù)關(guān)鍵部分…costforadinneris…40to50yuan可知此處應(yīng)是指用餐的費用，40到50元是一個大體的花費，結(jié)合首字母a,所以is后應(yīng)該用介詞about表"大約".故填：about3.(2015?天津)InthetownofLampanginnorthernThailand,thereisanunusualgroupofmusicians.Theyplaymanydifferent(81)kindsofmusic-everythingfromtraditionalThaisongstomusicbyBeethoven.Bothchildrenandadultslovethisgroup.Whatmakesthemso(82)popular?Isittheirmusic?Theirlooks?Yes,it'sbothofthethings,butit's(83)alsosomethingelse：they'reelephants.ThesemusicalelephantsstartedattheTECC(泰國大象保護中心)inLampang.TheTECCprotectselephants.Itteachespeopletounderstandandlovethem.And,likemanyzoos(84)aroundtheworld,theTECCencourageselephantstopaint.RichardLair(85)wokksfortheTECC.Heloveshisjobthereandknowsalotaboutelephants.Hesayssomeoftheanimals'paintingsareverygood.But,infact,elephants(86)hear betterthantheysee.Andsohehadanidea：ifelephantsare(87)smartandthey第4頁(共14頁)havegoodhearing,maybetheycanplaymusic.Totesthisidea,LairandafriendstartedtheThaiElephantOrchestra.Duringaperformance(表演)，theelephantsplayanumberof(88)instrumnets,includingthedrumsandthexylophone(木琴).Butcanelephantsreallymakemusicproperly?Yes,saysLair.Theyareverycreative.Human(89)encouragetheanimalstoplay,buttheelephantsmaketheirownsongs；theydon'tjustcopytheirtrainers(90)orotherpeople.TherearenowCDsofthegroup'smusicwhichmakemoneyfortheTECC.Andthemusictheseartistscreateisprettyamazing.【解答】81kinds.根據(jù)句子："everythingfromtraditionalThaisongstomusicbyBeethoven."可知傳統(tǒng)的泰國歌曲和貝多芬音樂，這是音樂的種類，所以此處為種類，又因為前面是many,故填kinds.popular.根據(jù)句子："Bothchildrenandadultslovethisgroup."可知大人和小孩都喜歡.因此是受歡迎的.故填popular.also.根據(jù)："somethingelse"可知此處還有其他的事情，表示遞進，故用副詞also.around.根據(jù)句子："And,likemanyzoos(84)atheworld,"句意：像許多在世界各地的動物園.aroundtheworld表示世界各地，是固定搭配，故填around.works.根據(jù)句子："RichardLair(85)wfortheTECC."可知RichardLair為泰國大象保護中心工作.workfor為…工作.又因為主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，所以是works.hear.根據(jù)句子："ifelephantsare(87)sandtheyhavegoodhearing"可知大象聽覺好.故填hear.smart.根據(jù)句子："Theyareverycreative."可知大象非常有創(chuàng)造力，因此它們是聰明的，故填smart.instruments.根據(jù)句子："includingthedrumsandthexylophone(木琴)."可知鼓和木琴是樂器，有anumberof來修飾，故此處用復(fù)數(shù)名詞instruments.encourage.根據(jù)句子："LairandafriendstartedtheThaiElephantOrchestra."可知Lair和他的朋友創(chuàng)建大象交響樂團，這是在鼓勵大象演奏音樂.故填encourage.or.根據(jù)本空前后兩者關(guān)系："theydon'tjustcopytheirtrainers(90)ootherpeople."他們不是簡單復(fù)制或模仿他們的訓(xùn)練師或者其他人，所以根據(jù)句意推斷出填寫連詞or.4.(2014?天津)OnJuly2,1937,AmeliaEarhart(anAmericanpilot)andFredNoonanleftNewGuineaforHowlandIslandinthePacific.Thiswasthelongestandmostdangerouspartoftheirt(81)ravel/tour/triparoundtheworld.Earharthadtroublesoonaftertheplane第5頁(共14頁)tookoff.Theweatherwasverybad,soshehadtof(82) lyat3,000metres.Goingthishigh,theplaneusedfuelquickly.Afterabout20h(83)ours,EarhartandNoonangotclosetoHowlandIsland.Theislandwaso(84)nlyabout65miles(英里)away,butthebrightsunwasshiningintheirfacessotheycouldn'tseeit.NearHowland,ashipwasw(85)aitingfortheplane.Earhartcontactedtheship："Wedon'thaveenoughfuel,"shesaid.Theshiptriedtostayintouchwithherb(86)utgotnoanswer.Finally,theshipcalledforhelp.PeoplelookedforEarhartandNoonanfordays.However,theyfoundnothing.WhathappenedtoAmeliaEarhart?Nooneknowsforsure.D(87)uring theflight,sheprobablymovedinthewrongdirection(方向)becausethesunwasbrightanditwasd(88)ifficulttosee.Soshegotlost；soonafter,herplaneranoutoffuel,andshediedatsea.Anotherideaisthatshesurvived(幸存)theplanecrash(飛機失事)，s(89)wamtoalonelyisland,andlaterdiedthere.StillotherthinkshesurvivedthecrashandsecretlyreturnedtotheU.S.withanewidentity(身份).Tillnow,noneofthesei(90)deashasbeenproved.Peoplearestillwonderingaboutthem.(Noonan'sbodyhasneverbeenfoundeither.)Nomatterwhathappened,Earhartprobablydiedasshewished."WhenIgo,"shesaid,"I'dlikebesttogoinmyplane."【解答】81.句意：這是他們環(huán)游世界的最長最危險的旅途的一部分.根據(jù)AmeliaEarhart(anAmericanpilot)andFredNoonanleftNewGuineaforHowlandIslandinthePacific.可知這兩名飛行員離開NewGuinea前往Howland,這是一次旅行或旅途.故此處為：travel/tour/trip.句意：天氣惡劣，所以他們不得不飛在3000米的高空.根據(jù)Earharthadtroublesoonaftertheplanetookoff.可知飛機起飛了，故此處他們是飛在空中，故用動詞：fly.句意：大約20個小時后，Earhart和Noonan接近了Howland島.根據(jù)EarhartandNoonangotclosetoHowlandIsland.可知他們接近目的地HowlandIsland,因此此次旅途用去大約20個小時，故此處用名詞復(fù)數(shù)：hours.句意：這個小島只有65英里遠.根據(jù)about65miles(英里)away,可知他們里這個小島有65英里，此處強調(diào)距離近了，故用副詞：only.句意：在靠近Howland島的地方，一艘船正在等著這架飛機.根據(jù)Theshiptriedtostayintouchwithher可知這艘船想和她保持聯(lián)系，故推斷正在等著她，根據(jù)was,故此處用第6頁(共14頁)現(xiàn)在分詞：waiting.句意：這艘船想努力和她取得聯(lián)系，但是沒有得到回復(fù).根據(jù)gotnoanswer可知這艘船想和她取得聯(lián)系，得不到回復(fù)，故此處表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用連詞：but.句意：在飛行期間，她可能飛錯了方向.結(jié)合句意，這架飛機還沒有著陸，故此處是在飛行期間，故用介詞：During.句意：因為陽光太亮了，很難看到東西.根據(jù)becausethesunwasbright可知陽光太亮了，她很難看清東西，故此處為形容詞：difficult.句意：另一種說法是她在飛機失事中幸存下來，游到了一個孤島上，然后死在那里.因為她是駕駛飛機在一個小島上面，飛機墜毀，她可能調(diào)入大海里，可知她會游到一個孤島上.用一般過去時.故用動詞：swam.句意：直到現(xiàn)在，這些說法，沒有一個得到證實.文中對于Earhart的生死有很多說法，故此處用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式：ideas(2013?天津) Manypeoplesaydolphinsareveryintelligent(聰穎的).Theyseemtobeabletothink,understand,andlearnthingsquickly.Butarethey(81)cleverlikehumansormorelikecatsordogs?Scientistssaydolphinintelligenceis(82)similartohumanintelligenceinsomeways.How?Likehumans,everydolphinhasa"name".(83)1tisaspecialwhistle(哨聲).Scientiststhinkdolphins,likepeople.”(84)talk"toeachotheraboutalotofthings,suchastheirage,theirfeelings,orfindingfood.And,likehumans,dolphinsuseasystem(系統(tǒng))ofsoundsandbodylanguageto(85)communicate.Butunderstandingtheirconversationsisnoteasyforhumans.Noone"speaksdolphin"yet,butsomescientistsaretryingtolearn.Dolphinsarealsosocialanimals.Theyliveingroups,andtheyoftencometoplaygamesfromdifferentgroupsandhave(86)funjustlikepeople.Infact,playing(87)togetherissomethingonlyintelligentanimalsdo.Dolphinsandhumans(88)bothmakeplanstogetsomethingtheywant.IntheseasofsouthernBrazil,dolphinsuseaninterestingwaytogetfood.Whenfishare(89)nearaboat,dolphinssignal(發(fā)信號)tothefishermentoputtheirnets(網(wǎng))inthewater.Andthemencancatchalotoffish.Whatistheadvantageforthedolphins?Whydothey(90)helpthemen?Thedolphinscangetsomeofthefish.第7頁(共14頁)【解答】81.clever考查形容詞及語境的理解.這是一個一般疑問句，是用be動詞提問的，所以此處應(yīng)該是形容詞，結(jié)合句意：但是它們是像人類一樣聰明，還是更像貓或狗？故填clever,聰明的.similar考查形容詞及語境的理解.結(jié)合題干可知此處是besimilarto詞組，和…相似，結(jié)合句意：是海豚的智力在某些方面與人類相似.根據(jù)首字母可知填similar,相似的.It考查代詞及語境的理解.聯(lián)系前一句Likehumans,everydolphinhasa"name".和人類一樣，每只海豚都有一個名字.可知此處代詞指的是海豚，根據(jù)首字母可知填單數(shù)人稱代詞It,它.talk考查動詞及語境的理解.talkto和…說話，結(jié)合句意：科學(xué)家們認為海豚像人一樣”互相交談”許多事情.根據(jù)首字母可知填動詞talk,討論.communicate 考查動詞及語境的理解.聯(lián)系前文描述，可知此處指的是海豚用這些聲音系統(tǒng)和肢體語言來進行交流.本句中to是不定式符號，后面動詞用原形.根據(jù)首字母可知填原形動詞communicate,交流.fun 考查固定詞組及語境的理解.havefun玩得高興，海豚也會進行享樂.根據(jù)首字母可知填fun,樂趣，玩笑.together考查副詞及語境的理解.playtogether一起玩，空格前是動詞，此處應(yīng)該是副詞，結(jié)合句意：在一起玩是只有智力動物才做的事情.結(jié)合語境及首字母可知填副詞together,一起，同時；both 考查代詞及語境的理解.結(jié)合句意：海豚和人類都能制定計劃，結(jié)合語境及首字母可知填副詞both,兩者都.near考查介詞及語境的理解.聯(lián)系下文，可知此處指的是當魚類靠近船舶時.根據(jù)首字母可知填介詞near,在…附近.help 考查動詞及語境的理解.聯(lián)系前文描述，可知此處指的是，他們?yōu)槭裁磶椭祟?結(jié)合前文助動詞do及首字母可知填原形動詞help,幫助.(2012?天津)Parentssometimeslearnmuchfromtheirchildren.Manyyearsago,(81)athoughmyfriendDavidworkeddayandnight,hewasstillnotrich.Oneday,whenhearrived(82)homeafterwork,hefoundhis3-year-olddaughterwasdecoratingaboxwithsomeexpensivewrappingpaper.Hethoughtshewas(83)第8頁(共14頁)wastingmoneyandbecameangrywithher.Heeven(84)punishedhisdaughterbybeatingher.However,thelittlegirlbroughttheboxtoherfatherthenextmorningandsaid,"Thisisforyou,Daddy.MerryChristmas!"Hewasembarrassed(尷尬)byhisoverreaction(過激反應(yīng))，buthebecameangry(85)againwhenhefoundtheboxwasempty.Heshoutedather,"Don'tyouknowthatwhenyougivesomeoneapresent,thereshouldbe(86)somethinginsideit?"Thelittlegirllookedupathimwith(87)tearsinhereyesandsaid,"Oh,Daddy.Iblewkissesinthebox.Ifilleditwithmy(88)love.Allforyou,Daddy."Thefatherwasverysurprised.Heputhisarmsaroundhislittlegirl,andsaid(89)sorrytoher.Later,Davidtoldmethathekeptthatboxbyhisbedforyears.Whenhewasdiscouraged(情緒低落)，hewouldtakeoutanimaginary(想像的)kissfromtheboxand(90)remembertheloveofthechild.【解答】81.although 考查連詞的辨析. 根據(jù)下一句：卻不富裕，此處應(yīng)該是：雖然David日夜工作，前后意思轉(zhuǎn)折，用連詞although可表示"雖然，盡管”之意..home 考查副詞的辨析.根據(jù)下半句：afterwork,此處應(yīng)該是：下班回到家，英語中home是一個副詞，故填home.wasting 考查動詞的辨析.結(jié)合上文已知他不富裕.再根據(jù)上一句中的"withsomeexpensivewrappingpaper",可以推測出：被父親認為是在浪費錢.此動作正在進行，應(yīng)該用過去進行時，即waste的現(xiàn)在分詞形式.故填wasting.punished考查動詞的辨析.根據(jù)下半句bybeatingher此處應(yīng)該是說明父親生氣后通過打懲罰了女兒，這篇文章用的是一般過去時態(tài)，應(yīng)該用過去式.故填punished懲罰.again考查副詞的辨析.根據(jù)上文爸爸嫌女兒浪費錢，父親生過氣；根據(jù)后半句：whenhefoundtheboxwasempty.看到空盒子，此處應(yīng)該是：父親是又一次生氣了，故填again.something考查代詞的辨析. 根據(jù)上一句：你不知道當你給別人的禮物，此處應(yīng)該是：應(yīng)該有東西在里面嗎？故填something.tears 考查名詞的辨析.根據(jù)上下文，女兒很委屈，在解釋時，眼睛里含的是用艮淚".tear是可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù).故填tears.love考查動詞的辨析.根據(jù)上一句話"Iblewkissesinthebox."和短文最后一段，第9頁(共14頁)可推測出，盒子里裝滿了"女兒的愛二故填love.sorry 考查形容詞的辨析.父親感動了，知道自己誤解了女兒，擁抱女兒時，最可能的是說的是sorry.故填sorry.remember考查動詞的辨析.根據(jù)題干可知此處和takeoutanimaginary(想像的)kissfromthebox是并列的，應(yīng)該用動詞原形.上一句話中提到父親多年來一直保存這個盒子，盒子里裝滿了女兒的愛，父親永遠記得.故填remember.(2011?天津)BillandSimonweregoodfriends.Onesummertheywereonh(81)oliday.TheywantedtosailaroundtheCaribbeanSeaintheirboatfortwoweeks.Duringtheirtrip,theysawmanywhales.BillandSimonwereverye(82)xcitedbecausetheyhadwantedtoseethemverymuch.Unluckily,w(83)hiletheywerewatchingthem,thewhalesbegantohitthesideoftheboat.Suddenly,w(84)aterstartedcomingin,andtheyrealizedthattheywereintrouble.Theyq(85)uicklyjumpedintothelifeboatbeforethesank(沉沒)，andwatcheditdisappearunderthesea.Luckily,theyhadenoughfoodandwaterforabouttwentyd(86)ays.Theyalsohadafishinglineandamachinewhichcouldchangeseawateri(87)ntodrinkingwater.Thesetwothingshelpedthemtosurvive(存活)duringtheirterribleexperience.Forthenextfiftydaystheycaughtabouttenfishadayanda(88)tethem.Theysawabouttwentyships,butalthoughtheywavedandshoutedwhentheshipswerepassing,n(89)obody sawthem.heywerebecomingweakerandweaker.Then,justastheywerebeginningtol(90) osehope,afishingboatsavedthem.【解答】81.答案：holiday.考查固定詞組，根據(jù)下文可知：有一個夏天他們在度假.考查固定詞組onholiday度假，結(jié)合所給首字母提示，故填：holiday..答案：excited.考查形容詞及語境的理解，根據(jù)下句：看到他們想看的東西.由此可以推斷出：他們非常興奮.結(jié)合首字母提示，故填：excited..答案：while.考查連詞及語境的理解，句子不缺少成分，空格上填寫連詞.這里是時間狀語從句，故填：while..答案：water.考查名詞及語境的理解，根據(jù)上文thewhalesbegantohitthesideoftheboat.可以推斷出：comeinto進入，水突然進入船里.故填：water..答案：quickly.考查副詞及語境的理解，根據(jù)上文可知這里應(yīng)該是：他們在沉船前，第10頁(共14頁)迅速跳入救生艇.結(jié)合所給首字母提示，故填：quickly..答案：days.考查名詞及語境的理解，for+時間段，結(jié)合首字母提示，故填：days..答案：into.考查固定詞組o…把…變成…，結(jié)合所給首字母提示，故填：into..答案：ate.考查動詞及語境的理解，根據(jù)句子中and,連接兩個動詞，前后時態(tài)要一致.動詞要用過去式，根據(jù)上文caughtabouttenfishes可以推斷出：他們吃這些魚.結(jié)合所給首字母提示，故填：ate..答案：nobody.考查代詞及語境的理解，but/although表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，盡管很多人經(jīng)過，但是沒有人理會.結(jié)合所給首字母提示，故填：nobody..答案：lose.考查動詞及語境的理解，begintodosth.開始做某事，根據(jù)上文可知：他們變得越來越虛弱.由此可以推斷出：他們開始喪失希望.結(jié)合所給首字母提示，故填：lose.(2010?天津)Thinkabouttwopeopleyouknow.Howwouldyoudescribetheirpersonalities?Aretheythes(81)same Ofcoursenot!Everyoneisdifferent.Evenidenticaltwinshavedifferentpersonalities．Somepeopleareveryoutgoing(夕卜向的)andfriendly.Theyliketobew(82)ithotherpeopleallthetime.Maybetheyliketobethecentreofattention.Andsomepeoplearequiet-maybeevens(83)shy.Theycanbefriendly,too.Buttheyliketobealoneorwithjustaf(84) ew friends.Somepeopleworryalot.Theymayworryaboutmanythings,suchastheirjobs,theirfamiliesandanythingthatmayhappeninthefuture.H(85)owever,somepeopledon'tworryaboutanything!Theyn(86)evermindwhatisgoingonnext.Thesepeopleareveryrelaxed.Somepeoplearehard-working.Theyalwaysdotheirb(87)est.Butsomepeoplearelazy.Theydon'tcareaboutd(88)oingthingsrightorgettingthingsdoneontime.Hard-workingpeoplealwaysgetmorechancesthanthoselazyo(89)nesinlife.Anddon'tf(90) 0rgetthis：Everyoneisdifferent.Thatmeansyouarespecial!【解答】81.答案：same.考查形容詞及語境的理解，根據(jù)下文：每個人都是不一樣的.由此可以推斷出：他們是一樣的嗎？當然不.考查詞組thesame相同的，結(jié)合首字母提示，故填：same..答案：with.考查介詞及語境的理解，根據(jù)上文可知：一些人是外向的，友好的.由第11頁(共14頁)此可知：他們總是喜歡和別人呆在一起.考查詞組bewithsb.和某人在一起，結(jié)合首字母提示，故填：with..答案：shy.根據(jù)上句：一些人是安靜的.由此可以推斷出：他們可能甚至有些害羞.結(jié)合首字母提示，故填：shy..答案：few.考查形容詞及語境的理解，根據(jù)語境可知：他們喜歡一個人或者只和幾個朋友在一起.考查詞組afew幾個，結(jié)合首字母提示，故填：few..答案：However.考查副詞及語境的理解，根據(jù)上文可知：有些人擔心很多，他們可能會擔心很多事情，比如他們的工作，他們的家庭和將來可能發(fā)生的任何事情.下文提至U：有些人不擔心任何事情！他們不在乎接下來會發(fā)生什么，這些人很放松.由此可知這里表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，結(jié)合首字母提示，故填：however..答案：never.考查副詞及語境的理解，根據(jù)上文可知：有些人從不擔心任何事情.由此可知：他們不在乎接下來會發(fā)生什么.結(jié)合首字母提示，故填：never..答案：best.考查固定詞組，doone'sbest盡最大努力，根據(jù)上句可知：一些人總是很努力.由此可知：他們總是盡最大努力.結(jié)合首字母提示，故填：best..答案：doing考查動詞及語境的理解，根據(jù)上文可知：一些人很懶惰.結(jié)合下文可知：他們不在乎把事情做對或按時完成.考查詞組careaboutdoingsth.在乎做某事，結(jié)合首字母提示，故填：doing..答案：ones 考查代詞及語境的理解，結(jié)合句意：勤奮的人總是比懶惰的人有更多的機會.這里指代people,集體名詞，用ones來替代，結(jié)合首字母提示，故填：ones..答案：forget.考查動詞及語境的理解，祈使句用動詞原形，結(jié)合句意：別忘了這一點：每個人都不同，這意味著你很特別！結(jié)合首字母提示，故填：forget.二.閱讀理解（共1小題）（2018?天津）Howdoweknowthetime?Aclock,awatchoracellphonecanhelpus.Howevermanyyearsagotherewerenoclocksandknowingthetimewasnotsoeasy.Overthecenturiespeoplehavedevelopeddifferentw（1）aysoftellingthetime.About5,500yearsago,theEgyptiansi（2）nventedthesu