四級英語閱讀理解20篇1

北大曹其軍老師英語閱讀理解20篇

閱讀理解單項練習(xí)

Passagel

In1939twobrothers,MacandDickMcDonald,startedadrive-inrestaurant

inSanBernadino,California.Theycarefullychoseabusycornerfortheir

location.Theyhadruntheirownbusinessesforyears,firstatheater,thena

barbecue（烤肉）restaurant.,thenanotherdrive-in.Butintheirnew

operation,theyofferedanew,shortenedmenu:Frenchfries,hamburgers,

andsodas.Tothissmallselectiontheyaddedonenewconcept:quick

service,nowaitersorwaitresses,andnotips.Theirhamburgerssold

forfifteencents.Cheesewasanotherfourcents.TheirFrenchfriesand

hamburgershadaremarkableuniformity,forthebrothershaddevelopeda

strictroutineforthepreparationoftheirfood,andtheyinsistedontheir

cooks'stickingtotheirroutine.Theirnewdrive-inbecameincredibly

popular,particularlyforlunch.Peopledroveupbythehundredsduringthe

busynoontime.Theself-servicerestaurantwassopopularthatthebrothers

hadallowedtencopiesoftheirrestauranttobeopened.Theywerecontent

withthismodestsuccessuntiltheymetRayKroc.

KrocwasasalesmanwhomettheMcDonaldbrothersin1954,whenhe

wassellingmilkshake-mixingmachines.Hequicklysawtheuniqueappeal

ofthebrothers'fast-foodrestaurantsandboughttherighttofranchise（特

許經(jīng)營）othercopiesoftheirrestaurants.Theagreementstruckincluded

therighttoduplicatethemenu.Theequipment,eventheirredandwhite

buildingswiththegoldenarches（拱門）.

TodayMcDonald'sisreallyahouseholdname.Itsnamesforits

sandwicheshavecometomeanhamburgerinthedecadessincetheday

RayKrocwatchedpeoplerushuptoorderfifteen-centhamburgers.In1976,

McDonald'shadover$1b川ionintotalsales.Itsfirsttwenty-twoyearsis

oneofthemostincrediblesuccessstoriesinmodernAmericanbusiness

history.

1.Thispassagemainlytalksabort.

A）thedevelopmentoffastfoodservices

B)howMcDonald,sbecameabillion-dollarbusiness

C)thebusinesscareersofMacandDickMcDonald

D)RayKroc'sbusinesstalent

2.MacandDickmanagedallofthefollowingbusinessesexcept

A)adrive-inC)atheater

B)acinemaD)abarbecuerestaurant

3.Wemayinferfromthispassagethat.

A)MacandDickMcDonaldneverbecamewealthyfortheysoldtheir

ideatoKroc

B)ThelocationtheMcDonaldschosewastheonlysourceofthe

greatpopularityoftheirdrive-in

C)Fortyyearsagotherewerenumerousfast-foodrestaurants

D)RayKrocwasagoodbusinessman

4.Thepassagesuggeststhat.

A)creativityisanimportantelementofbusinesssuccess

B)RayKrocwastheclosepartneroftheMcDonaldbrothers

C)MacandDickMcDonaldbecamebrokenaftertheysoldtheirideas

toRayKroc

D)Californiaisthebestplacetogointobusiness

5.Asusedinthesecondsentenceofthethirdparagraph,theword"unique"

means.

A)specialC)financial

B)attractiveD)peculiar

Passage2

You'rebusyfillingouttheapplicationformforapositionyoureallyneed;

let'sassumeyouonceactuallycompletedacoupleofyearsofcollegework

oreventhatyoucompletedyourdegree.Isn'tittemptingtoliejustalittle,to

claimontheformthatyourdiplomarepresentsaHarvarddegree?Orthat

youfinishedanextracoupleofyearsbackatStateUniversity?

Moreandmorepeopleareturningtoutterdeceptionlikethistolandtheir

jobortomoveaheadintheircareers,forpersonnelofficers,likemost

Americans,valuedegreesfromfamousschools.Ajobapplicantmayhave

agoodeducationanyway,butheorsheassumesthatchancesofbeing

hiredarebetterwithadiplomafromawell-knownuniversity.Registrarsat

mostwell-knowncollegessaytheydealwithdeceitfulclaimsliketheseat

therateofaboutoneperweek.

Personnelofficersdocheckupondegreeslistedonapplicationforms,

then.Ifitturnsoutthatanapplicantislying,mostcollegesarereluctantto

accusetheapplicantdirectly.OneIvyLeagueschoolcallsthem

uimpostors騙子”；anotherreferstothemas"specialcases."one

well-knownWestCoastschool,inperhapsthemostdelicatephraseofall,

saysthattheseclaimsaremadeby"nosuchpeople."

Toavoidoutright（徹底的）lies,somejob-seekersclaimthatthey

“attended"or"wereassociatedwith"acollegeoruniversity.After

carefullychecking,apersonnelofficermaydiscoverthat"attending"means

beingdismissedafteronesemester.Itmaybethat"beingassociatedwith"

acollegemeansthatthejob-seekervisitedhisyoungerbrotherfora

footballweekend.Oneschoolthatkeepsrecordsoffalseclaimssaysthat

thepracticedatesbackatleasttotheturnofthecentury-that'swhenthey

begankeepingrecords,anyhow.

Ifyoudon'twanttolieorevenstretchthetruth,therearecoMPAniesthat

willsellyouaphony（假的）diploma.OnecoMPAny,withofficesinNew

YorkandontheWestCoast,willputyournameonadiplomafromany

numberofnonexistentcolleges.Thepricebeginsataroundtwentydollars

foradiplomafrom"SmootStateUniversity."Thepricesincreaserapidlyfor

adegreefromthe"UniversityofPurdue."AsthereisnoSmootStateand

therealschoolinIndianaisproperlycalledPurdueUniversity,theprices

seemratherhighforonesheetofpaper.

6.Themainideaofthispassageisthat

A)employersarecheckingmorecloselyonapplicantsnow

B)lyingaboutcollegedegreeshasbecomeawidespread

problem

C)collegedegreescannowbepurchasedeasily

D)employersarenolongerinterestedincollegedegrees

7.Accordingtothepassage,“specialcases“referstocases

where

A)studentsattendaschoolonlypart-time

B)studentsneverattendedaschooltheylistedontheir

application

C)studentspurchasefalsedegreesfromcommercialfilms

D)studentsattendedafamousschool

8.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat

A)performanceisabetterjudgeofabilitythatacollege

degree

B)experienceisthebestteacher

C)pastworkhistoriesinfluencepersonnelofficersmorethan

degreesdo

D)adegreefromafamousschoolenablesanapplicanttogain

advantageoverothersinjobcompetition

9.Thispassageimpliesthat.

A)buyingafalsedegreeisnotmoral

B)personnelofficersonlyconsiderapplicantsfromfamous

schools

C)mostpeoplelieonapplicationsbecausetheywere

dismissedfromschool

D）societyshouldbegreatlyresponsibleforlyingon

applications

10.Asusedinthefirst.Lineofthesecondparagraph,theword"utter"

means.

A）addressC）thorough

B）ultimateD）decisive

Passage3

EveryonehasheardoftheSanAndreasfault（斷層），whichconstantly

threatensCaliforniaandtheWestCoastwithearthquakes.Buthowmany

peopleknowabouttheequallyseriousNewMadridfaultinMissouri?

BetweenDecemberof1811andFebruaryof1812,threemajor

earthquakesoccurred,allcenteredaroundthetownofNewMadrid,

Missouri,ontheMississippiRiver.Propertydamagewassevere.Buildings

intheareawerealmostdestroyed.Wholeforestsfellatonce,andhuge

cracksopenedintheground,allowingsmellofsulfur（硫磺）tofilter

upward.

TheMississippiRiveritselfcompletelychangedcharacter,developing

suddenrapidsandwhirlpools.Severaltimesitchangeditscourse,and

once,accordingtosomeobservers,itactuallyappearedtorunbackwards.

FewpeoplewereRiledintheNewMadridearthquakes,probablysimply

becausefewpeoplelivedintheareain1811;buttheseverityofthe

earthquakesareshownbythefactthattheshockwavesrangbellsin

churchtowersinCharleston,SouthCarolina,onthecoast.Buildingsshook

inNewYorkCity,andclockswerestoppedinWashington,D.C.

ScientistsnowknowthatAmerica'stwomajorfaultsareessentially

different.TheSanAndreasisahorizontalboundarybetweentwomajor

landmassesthatareslowlymovinginoppositedirections.California

earthquakesresultwhenthemovementofthesetwomassessuddenly

lurches（傾斜）forward.

TheNewMadridfault,ontheotherhand,isaverticalfault;asomepoint,

possiblyhundredsofmillionsofyearsago,rockwaspusheduptowardthe

surface,probablybyvolcanoesunderthesurface.Suddenly,thevolcanoes

cooledandtherockcollapsed,leavinghugecracks.Evennow,therock

continuestosettledownwards,andsuddensinkingmotionstrigger(觸發(fā))

earthquakesintheregion.Thefaultitself,alargecrackinthislayerofrock,

withdozensofothercracksthatsplitofffromit,extendsfromnortheast

ArkansasthroughMissouriandintosouthernIllinois.

ScientistswhohavestudiedtheNewMadridfaultsaytherehavebeen

numeroussmallerquakesintheareasince1811;thesesmallerquakes

indicatethatlargeronesareprobablycoming,butthescientistssayhave

nomethodofpredictingwhenalargeearthquakewilloccur.

11.Thispassageismainlyabout.

A)theNewMadridfaultinMissouri

B)theSanAndreasandtheNewMadridfaults

C)thecausesoffaults

D)currentscientificknowledgeaboutfaults

12.TheNewMadridfaultis.

A)ahorizontalfault

B)averticalfault

C)amoreseriousfaultthantheSanAndreasfault

D)responsibleforformingtheMississippiRiver

13.Wemayconcludefromthepassagethat.

A)itisprobablyasdangeroustoliveinMissouriasin

California

B)theNewMadridfaultwilleventuallydevelopamountain

rangeinMissouri

C)Californiawillbecomeanislandinfuture

D)AbigearthquakewilloccurtoCaliforniasoon

14.Thispassageimpliesthat.

A)horizontalfaultsaremoredangerousthanverticalfaults.

B)Verticalfaultsaremoredangerousthanhorizontalfaults

C)Earthquakesoccuronlyaroundfaultareas

D)Californiawillbreakintopiecesbyaneventualearthquake

15.Asusedinthefirstsentenceofthefourthparagraph,theword

"essentially“means.

A)greatlyC)basically

B)extremelyD)necessarily

Passage4

Thosewhowelcomedtherailwaysawitasmorethanarapidand

comfortablemeansofpassing.Theyactuallysawitasafactorinworld

peace.Theydidnotforeseethattherailwaywouldbejustonemoremeans

fortherapidmovementofaggressivearmies.Noneofthemforesawthat

themorewearetogether-themorechancesthereareofwar.Anyboyor

girlwhoisoneofalargefamilyknowsthat.

Wheneveranynewinventionisputforward,thoseforitandthoseagainstit

canalwaysfindmedicalmentoapproveorcondemn.Theanti-railway

groupproduceddoctorswhosaidthattunnelswouldbemostdangerousto

publichealth:theywouldproducecolds,catarrhs(粘膜炎)and

consumptions.Thedeafeningnoiseandtheglareoftheenginefire,would

haveabadeffectonthenerves.Further,beingmovedthroughtheairata

highspeedwoulddograveinjurytodelicatelungs.Inthosewithhigh

blood-pressure,themovementofthetrainmightproduceapoplexy(中風(fēng)).

Thesuddenplungingofatrainintothedarknessofatunnel,andthe

equallysuddenrushintofulldaylight,wouldcausegreatdamageto

eyesight.Butthepro-railwaygroupwasofcourseabletoproduceequally

famousmedicalmentosayjusttheopposite.Theysaidthatthespeedand

swingofthetrainwouldequalizethecirculation,promotedigestion,

tranquilizethenerves,andensuregoodsleep.

Theactualrolling-stockwasanythingbutcomfortable.Ifitwasatestof

endurancetositforfourhoursoutsideacoachinrain,orinsideindirtyair,

therailwayofferedlittlemoreinthewayofcomfort.Certainlythefirst-class

carriageshadcushionedseats;butthesecond-classhadonlynarrowbare

boards,whilethethird-classhadnothingatall;noseatsandnoroof;they

werejustopentrucks.Sothatthird-classpassengersgainednothingfrom

thefewmodeexceptspeed.Inthematterofcomfort,indeedtheylost;they

did,onthecoaches,haveaseat,butnowtheyhadtostandalltheway,

whichgaveopportunitiestothecomic(滑稽的)press.Thiskindofthing:'A

manwasseenyesterdaybuyingathird-classticketforthenewLondonand

BirminghamRailway.Thestateofhismindisbeingenquiredinto."

Awriterintheearlydaysofrailwayswrotefeelinglyofbothsecond-and

third-classcarriages.Hemadethesuggestionthatthedirectorsofthe

railwaysmusthavesentallovertheworldtofindthehardestpossiblewood.

Oftheopenthird-classtruckshesaidthattheyhadthepeculiarpropertyof

meetingtherainfromwhateverquarteritcame.Hedescribedthemas

horizontalshower-baths,fromwhosesearchingpowertherewasno

escape.

16.Allboysandgirlsinlargefamiliesknowthat.

A)aboyandagirlusuallyfightwhentheyaretogether

B)peopletendtobetogethermorethantheyusedtobe

C)alotofpeoplebeingtogethermakesfightslikely

D)Railwayleadstheworldtopeace

17.Accordingtothosewhowelcomedtherailway,therailwayitselfshould

includeallthefollowingexcept.

A)therailwayenablespeopletravelfast

B)therailwaybringscomforttopeople

C)therailwaymakestheworldpeaceful

D)therailwayleadstheworldtowaraswell.

18.Accordingtotheanti-railwaygroup,allthefollowingsaretrue

but.

A)tunnelsaredangeroustopublichealth

B)thenoiseandtheglareoftheenginefiremayaffect

people'snerves

C)therapidspeedthroughtheairdoesdamagetopeople,s

lungs

D)tothosewithhighblood-pressure,therapidspeedofthe

traincausesthemtodie

19.Wemaysafelyconcludethat.

A)theauthorbelongstotheanti-railwaygroup

B)theauthorbelongstothefor-railwaygroup

C)theauthorspeakshighlyoftherailway

D)theauthormaynevertaketrainbecauseofitspotential

dangers

20.Whatisthetoneofthispassage?

A)PracticalC)Satirical

B)Humorous.D)Exaggerated

Passage5

In1960-1961,Chad(乍得)harvested9800tonsofcottonseedforthefirst

timeinitshistory,andputouttheflagalittletoosoon.Theeffortsofthe

authoritiestogetthepeasants'back'towork,astheyhadslackedoff(松

懈)agreatdealthepreviousyearduringindependencecelebrations,

largelycontributedtoit.Also,rainswerewellspaced,andcontinued

throughthewholemonthofOctober.Ifthe1961-1962totalisbacktothe

regionof45000tons,itismostlybecauseeffortsslackenedagainand

sowingwasstartedtoolate.

TheaveragedateofsowingisaboutJuly1st.Ifthisdateissimplymoved

upfifteenortwentydays,30000to60000tonsofcottonaregained,

dependingontheyear.ThepeasantinChadsowshismillet(d、米)first,

anditishardtocriticizethisinstinctiveprioritygiventohis'dailybread'.An

essentialreasonforhislatenesswithsowingcottonisthatatthetimewhen

heshouldleavetopreparethefieldshehasjustbarelysoldthecottonof

thepreviousseason.Theworkrequiredtosow,ingreatheat,is

psychologicallyfarmoredifficultifone'spocketsarefullofmoney.Thedate

ofcottonsalesshouldthereforebemovedforwardasmuchaspossible,

andpurchasesofequipmentanddraughtanimalsencouraged.

Peasantsshouldalsobeencouragedtosavemoney,tohelpthemthrough

thedifficultperiodbetweenharvests.Ifnecessarytheyshouldbeforcedto

doso,byhavingthepaymentsforcottongiventothemininstallments(分期

付款).Thelastpaymentwouldbemadeafterproofthatthepeasanthas

plantedbeforethedeadline,thedatebeingadvancedtotheendofJune.

Thosewhohavedonesowouldreceiveextramoneywhereasthelast

planterswouldnotreceivetheirlastpaymentuntillater.

Onlythefirststepsarehard,becauseonceworkhasstartedthepeasants

continuewillinglyontheirway.EducationalcaMPAignsamongthe

peasantswillplayanessentialroleinthisbasicadvance,earlysowing,on

whichalltheothersdepend.Itisnotamatterofcontrollingthepeasants.

Eachpeasantwillremainmasterofhisfields.Onecould,however,suggest

theneedforthetimebeingofkindbutfirmrule,which,aslongasitcannot

berealized'bythepeople',shouldatleastbe'forthepeople.,

21.In1960-1961,Chadhadagoodharvestofcotton

because.

A)thegovernmentgreatlyencouragedpeasants

B)rainsfavoredthegrowthofcotton

C)Chadgainedindependenceinthepreviousyear

D)BothA)andB)

22.Welearnfromthepassagethatthedateofsowingcottonis

usually.

A)onJune15thC)onJuly1st

B)onJuly15thD)onJuly20th

23.Asusedinthethirdsentenceofthesecondparagraph,"dailybread"

refersto.

A)breakfastC)rice

B)breadandbutterD)millet

24.Inordertohelpthemthroughthedifficulttimebetweenharveststhe

peasantshaveto.

A)sellcottoninadvance

B)beencouragedtosavemoney

C)sowcottonintime

D)plantmilletfirst

25.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A)EducationalcaMPAignsareveryimportanttoearlysowing.

B)Ofalltheadvancesthatthewriterhopesfor,earlysowing

isthemostimportant.

C)Peasantsshouldremainthemastersoftheirfields.

D)Governmentmightaswellmakegoodandfirmrulefor

peasants.

Passage6

Wecanmakemistakesatanyage.Somemistakeswemakeareabout

money.Butmostmistakesareaboutpeople."DidJerryreallycarewhenI

brokeupwithHelen?"uWhenIgotthatgreatjob,didJimreallyfeelgood

aboutit,asafriend?Ordidheenvymyluck?""AndPaul-whydidn'tpickup

thathewasfriendlyjustbecause1hadacar?"Whenwelookback,doubts

likethesecanmakeusfeelbad.Butwhenwelookback,It'stoolate.

Whydowegowrongaboutourfriends-orourenemies?Sometimeswhat

peoplesayhidestheirrealmeaning.Andifwedon'treallylistenwemiss

thefeelingbehindthewords.Supposesomeonetellsyou,"You'realucky

dogthat'sbeingfriendly.But"luckydog"?There'sabitofenvyinthose

words.Maybehedoesn'tseeithimself.Butbringinginthe"dog"bitputs

youdownalittle.Whathemaybesayingisthatthedoesn'tthinkyou

deserveyourluck.

"Justthinkofallthethingsyouhavetobethankfulfor"isanothernoisethat

saysonethingandmeansanother.Itcouldmeanthatthespeakeristrying

togetyoutoseeyourproblemaspartofyourlifeasawhole.Butishe?

Wrappedupinthisphraseisthethoughtthatyourproblemisn'timportant.

It'stellingyoutothinkofaallthestarvingpeopleintheworldwhenyou

haven'tgotadateforSaturdaynight.

Howcanyoutelltherealmeaningbehindsomeone'swords?Onewayisto

takeagoodlookatthepersontalking.Dohiswordsfitthewayhelooks?

Doeswhathesaysagreewiththetoneofvoice?Hisposture(姿態(tài))？The

lookinhiseyes?Stopandthink.Theminuteyouspendthinkingaboutthe

realmeaningofwhatpeopletoyoumaysaveanothermistake.

26.Thispassageismainlyabout.

A)howtointerpretwhatpeoplesay

B)whattodowhenyoulistentootherstalking

C)howtoavoidmistakeswhenyoucommunicatewithpeople

D)Whywegowrongwithpeoplesometimes

27.Accordingtotheauthor,thereasonwhywegowrongaboutourfriends

isthat.

A)Wefailtolistencarefullywhentheytalk

B)Peopletendtobeannoyedwhenwecheckwhattheysay

C)Peopleusuallystateonethingbutmeansanother

D)Wetendtodoubtwhatourfriendssay

28.Inthesentence"Maybehedoesn'tseeithimself."Inthesecond

paragraph,thepronoun“itrefersto.

A)beingfriendlyC)luckydog

B)abitofenvyD)yourluck

29.Whenwelistentoapersontalking,themostimportantthingforustodo

is.

A)noticethewaythepersonistalking

B)takeagoodlookatthepersontalking

C)mindhistone,hispostureandthelookinhiseyes

D)examinetherealmeaningofwhathesaysbasedonhismanner,his

toneandhisposture

30.Theauthormostprobablyisa.

A)teacherC)philosopher

B)psychologistD)doctor

Passage7

Amoment'sdrillingbythedentistmaymakeusnervousandupset.Manyof

uscannotstandpain.Toavoidthepainofadrillingthatmaylastperhapsa

minuteortwo,wedemandthe“needle”-ashotofnovocaine(奴佛卡因)

—thatdeadensthenervesaroundthetooth.

Nowit'struethatthehumanbodyhasdevelopeditsmillionsofnervestobe

highlyawareofwhatgoesonbothinsideandoutsideofit.Thishelpsus

adjusttotheworld.Withoutournerves-andourbrain,whichisabundleof

nerves-wewouldn'tknowwhat'shappening.Butwepayforoursensitivity.

Wecanfeelpainwhentheslightestthingiswrongwithanypartofourbody.

Thehistoryoftortureisbasedonthehumanbodybeingopentopain.

Butthereisawaytohandlepain.LookattheIndianfakir(行僧)whositson

abedofnails.Fakirscanputaneedlerightthroughanarm,andfeelno

pain.Thisabilitythatsomehumanshavedevelopedtohandlepainshould

giveusideasabouthowthemindcandealwithpain.

Thebigthinginwithstandingpainisourattitudetowardit.ifthedentistsays,

"Thiswillhurtalittle,"ithelpsustoacceptthepain.Bystayingrelaxed,and

bytreatingthepainasaninterestingsensation(感覺)，wecanhandlethe

painwithoutfallingapart.Afterall,althoughpainisanunpleasantsensation,

itisstillasensation,andsensationsarethestuffoflife.

31.Thepassageismainlyabout.

A)howtosufferpain

B)howtoavoidpain

C)howtohandlepain

D)howtostoppain

32.Thesentence"Butwepayforoursensitivity."inthesecondparagraph

impliesthat.

A)weshouldpayadebtforourfeeling

B)wehavetobehurtwhenwefeelsomething

C)ourpainisworthfeeling

D)whenwefeelpain,wearesufferingit

33.WhentheauthormentionstheIndianfakir,hesuggeststhat.

A)Indiansarenotatallafraidofpain

B)peoplemaybesenselessofpain

C)somepeopleareabletohandlepain

D)fakirshavemagictoputneedlesrightthroughtheirarms

34.themostimportantthingtohandlepainis.

A)howwelookatpain

B)tofeelpainasmuchaspossible

C)toshowaninterestinpain

D)toacceptthepainreluctantly

35.Theauthor'sattitudetowardspainis.

A)pessimisticB)optimisticC)radical(極端的)D)practical

Passage8

Thirty-twopeoplewatchedkittyGenovesebeingkilledrightbeneaththeir

windows.Shewastheirneighbor.Yetnoneofthe32helpedher.Notone

evencalledthepolice.Wasthisingunmancruelty?Wasitlackoffeeling

aboutone'sfellowman?

"Notso,"sayscientistsJohnBarleyandBibFatane.Thesemenwent

beyondtheheadlinestoprobethereasonswhypeopledidn'tact.They

foundthatapersonhastogothroughtwostepsbeforehecanhelp.First

hehastonoticethatisanemergency.

Supposeyouseeamiddle-agedmanfalltotheside-walk,ishehavinga

heartattack?isheinacoma（昏迷）fromdiabetes（糖尿?。?？Orisheabout

tosleepoffadrunk?

isthesmokecomingintotheroomfromaleakintheairconditioning?Isit

"steampipes"?Orisitreallysmokefromafire?it'snotalwayseasytotellif

youarefacedwitharealemergency.

Second,andmoreimportant,thepersonfacedwithanemergencymust

feelpersonallyresponsible.Hemustfeelthathemusthelp,ortheperson

won'tgetthehelpheneeds.

Theresearchersfoundthatalotdependsonhowmanypeoplearearound.

Theyhadcollegestudentsintobe"tested."Somecamealone.Somecame

withoneortwoothers.Andsomecameinlargegroups.Thereceptionist

startedthemoffonthe"tests."Thenshewentintothenextroom.Acurtain

dividedthe"testingroom"andtheroomintowhichshewent.Soonthe

studentsheardascream,thenoiseoffilecabinetsfallingandacryforhelp.

Allofthishadbeenpre-recordedonatape-recorder.

Eightoutoftenofthestudentstakingthetestaloneactedtohelp.Ofthe

studentsinpairs,onlytwooutoftenhelped.Ofthestudentsingroups,

nonehelped.

Inotherwords,inagroup,Americansoftenfailtoact.Theyfeelthatothers

willact.They,themselves,needn't.Theydonotfeelanydirect

responsibility.

Arepeoplebotheredbysituationswherepeopleareintrouble?Yes.

scientistsfoundthatthepeoOplewereemotional,theysweated,theyhad

tremblinghands.Theyfelttheotherperson'strouble.Buttheydidnotact.

Theywereinagroup.Theiractionswereshapedbytheactionsofthose

theywerewith.

36.Thepurposeofthispassageis.

A）toexplainwhypeoplefailtoactinemergencies

B）toexplainwhenpeoplewillactinemergencies

C)toexplainwhatpeoplewilldoinemergencies

D)toexplainhowpeoplefeelinemergencies

37.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A)Whenapersontriestohelpothers,hemustbeclearthatthereisareal

emergency.

B)Whenapersontriestohelpothers,heshouldknowwhetherheyare

worthhishelp.

C)Apersonmusttakethefullresponsibilityforthesafetyofthosein

emergenciesifhewantstohelp.

D)Apersonwithaheartattackneedsthemost.

38.Theresearchershaveconductedanexperimenttoprovethatpeople

willactinemergencieswhen.

A)theyareinpairs

B)theyareingroups

C)theyarealone

D)theyarewiththeirfriends

39.Themainreasonwhypeoplefailtoactwhentheystaytogetheris

that.

A)theyareafraidofemergencies

B)theyarereluctanttogetthemselvesinvolved

C)otherswillactiftheythemselveshesitate

D)the