對(duì)高強(qiáng)度鋼的CO2半自動(dòng)對(duì)接焊(陶瓷襯墊)焊接工藝規(guī)程說(shuō)明書

PAGEPAGE1PlanOfWeldingProcedureApprovalTest船級(jí)社:CCSCLASS:CCS焊接工藝規(guī)程說(shuō)明書對(duì)高強(qiáng)度鋼CO2半自動(dòng)對(duì)接焊（陶瓷襯墊）WeldingProcedureSpecificationForHighertensilesteelforCO2Semi-AutomaticArcButtWelding(WithCeramicBacking)PlanOfWeldingProcedureApprovalTestCONTENTPlanOfWeldingProcedureApprovalTest······························································1范圍Scope·····················································································································31.1焊接方法WeldingProcess····················································································31.2應(yīng)用范圍ApplicationProcess················································································3試驗(yàn)日期及地點(diǎn)Date&PlaceOfTest···············································································3試板準(zhǔn)備TestPiecePreparation···················································································3焊接材料WeldingConsumable························································································3焊接設(shè)備WeldingEquipment···························································································3接頭細(xì)節(jié)JointDetail········································································································46.1對(duì)接(平焊)ButtJoint(FlatWelding)··············································································4焊接條件WeldingCondition····························································································4焊接與程序WeldingPreparation&Procedure································································4試驗(yàn)與檢查TestAndExamination···············································································5試樣準(zhǔn)備TheSpecimenPreparation·············································································6試樣尺寸DetailOfTestSpecimen···········································································7沖擊試樣缺口位置NotchLocationOfImpactSpecimen·····································7抗拉試樣TensileSpecimen····················································································7彎曲試樣BendSpecimen························································································7沖擊試樣V-NotchCharpyImpactSpecimen··························································7檢驗(yàn)結(jié)果ResultOfTest································································································7外表目視檢驗(yàn)結(jié)論ConclusionOfAppearanceVisualTest····································7機(jī)械檢驗(yàn)結(jié)果MechanicalTestResult···························································7宏觀硬度試驗(yàn)Macro-EtchingTest······································································7無(wú)損探傷Non-destructiveInspection····································································8結(jié)論Result·························································································································8PlanOfWeldingProcedureApprovalTest1、范圍Scope1.1焊接方法WeldingProcessCO2半自動(dòng)焊（帶陶瓷襯墊）CO2Semi-automaticwelding(withceramicbacking)1.2應(yīng)用范圍ApplicationScope鋼材級(jí)別：EH36高強(qiáng)度鋼SteelGrade:EH36Highertensilesteel焊接位置：平置、橫焊、垂直焊WeldingPosition:Flat、Horizontal、Vertical2、試驗(yàn)日期及地點(diǎn)Date&PlaceOfTest·試驗(yàn)種類Kindoftest日期Date地點(diǎn)Place參加者Attendance驗(yàn)船師Surveyor焊接Welding2021-03-24焊接Weld顧燈林GuDenlin蔡高拍片Photographic2船體車間Hullshop宋春林蔡高機(jī)械試驗(yàn)Mechanical2021-03-31焊接試驗(yàn)室陸桃LuTao蔡高3、試板準(zhǔn)備TestPiecePreparation母材級(jí)別：EH36高強(qiáng)度鋼BaseMetalClass:EH36Highertensilesteel厚度：35Thickness:35尺寸：1000×300Size:1000×3004、焊接材料WeldingConsumable材料名稱Materialname牌號(hào)Tradename級(jí)別Grade制造廠Manufacturer焊絲WireTY-YJ502(Q)3Y北京金太陽(yáng)藥芯焊絲Gas:CO25、焊接設(shè)備WeldingEquipment封底焊BackCoverWelding型號(hào)Type:焊機(jī)WeldingMachine:YW-50KB1VTA電源PowerSource:YD-500KR1VTAPlanOfWeldingProcedureApprovalTest制造廠:唐山松下產(chǎn)業(yè)機(jī)器Manufacturer:TangShanMastushitaIndustrialEquipment6、接頭細(xì)節(jié)JointDetail(詳圖)6.1對(duì)接(平焊)ButtJoint（FlatWelding）7、焊接條件WeldingCondition焊接順序WeldingSequence直徑(mm)WireDia.電流(A)CurrentVoltage焊接位置WeldingPosition焊接速度(cm/min)氣體流量GasFlow(l/min)1Φ1.2220-25025-30FW16-2320-252Φ1.2220-25025-30FW16-2320-253Φ1.2220-25025-30FW16-2320-254Φ1.2220-25025-30FW16-2320-255Φ1.2220-25025-30FW16-2320-256Φ1.2220-25025-30FW16-2320-258、焊接與程序WeldingPreparation&Procedure8.1、檢查與修補(bǔ)CheckingandRepairing⑴焊縫間隙最大為10mm。Gapofrootfaceismax.10mm.⑵清除坡口處油污、銹、灰塵等。Removetheoil、dust、rustetcingroove.⑶根據(jù)高強(qiáng)度鋼焊接性要求,須對(duì)焊接區(qū)域進(jìn)行預(yù)熱至50-100℃,預(yù)熱范圍為焊縫兩側(cè)各50Accordingtotherequirementofhightensilesteelweldability,weldingareamustbecarriedouttofore-warmto50-100℃⑷根據(jù)焊縫寬度選擇合適的陶瓷襯墊,然后均勻地粘貼于焊縫背面.Inaccordancewiththebreadthofweldingseam,choosefitceramicbackingandthenaveragelystickitonthebackofweldingseam.8.2、焊接程序Weldingprocedure⑴每道焊層須檢驗(yàn)氣孔、藥渣等缺陷，待清除后方可進(jìn)入下道焊接。PlanOfWeldingProcedureApprovalTestEachoftheweldlayerisdisposedandinspecteddefectssuchaspores,overlaps,etcshouldbedisposedofbeforecontinuingnextlayer.⑵焊接后的缺陷如氣孔等采用碳刨清除,再進(jìn)行焊接。Afterwelding,thedefeatssuchasporesetcwillbedisposedbydiggingandweldedlater.8.3二氧化碳焊絲須謹(jǐn)慎使用。CautioustouseCO2wire.⑴雨天、霧天及濕度大的天氣不能焊接，焊縫表面如有水分，干燥后再進(jìn)行焊接。⑵如遇氣候有風(fēng)，應(yīng)采用擋風(fēng)板，以防產(chǎn)生氣孔等缺陷。Platesofwardingoffwindwillbeadoptedtoavoidcomingintobeingthedefeatssuchasporesetcifitiswindy.⑶焊接結(jié)束后須對(duì)焊接區(qū)域進(jìn)行保溫，以期緩冷，防止驟冷產(chǎn)生裂紋。Aftercompletingweld,weldingareamustbecarriedouttheheatpreservationwhichcanbecoldslowlyandpreventsuddencoldfromcomingintobeingthecrack.9、試驗(yàn)與檢查TestAndExamination檢驗(yàn)類型KindOfTestExamination數(shù)量Number試驗(yàn)溫度Testtemp試樣編號(hào)MarkOfSpecimen目觀檢查VisualExamination全長(zhǎng)FullLength射線探傷X-ray全長(zhǎng)FullLength21X1、21X2、21X3抗拉Tensile221T1、21T2根部彎曲Rootbend221RB1、21RB2側(cè)面彎曲Sidebend221FB1、21FB2沖擊Macro.impact焊縫中心熔合線Fusionline熱影響區(qū)1mm熱影響區(qū)3mm熱影響區(qū)5mm33333About-2021C1、21C2、21L1、21L2、21HZ11、21HZ12、21HZ1321HZ31、21HZ32、21HZ3321HZ51、21HZ52、21HZ53宏觀Macro-Etching121M1、21MPlanOfWeldingProcedureApprovalTest10、試樣準(zhǔn)備SpecimenPreparation截棄段Discard抗拉Tensile側(cè)彎Sidebend沖擊Macro.impact沖擊Macro.impact抗拉（縱向）Tensile(longitudinal)備用Spare側(cè)彎Sidebend抗拉Tensile根彎RootBend截棄段Discard11、試樣尺寸DetailofTestSpecimen11.1沖擊試樣缺口位置NotchLocationOfImpactSpecimenA--焊縫中心CenterlineoftheweldsB--熔合線FusionLine（F.L.）C--熱影響區(qū)1mm1mmD--熱影響區(qū)1mm3mmE--熱影響區(qū)1mm5mmPlanOfWeldingProcedureApprovalTest11.2抗拉試樣TensileSpecimen11.3彎曲試樣(側(cè)彎)BendSpecimen（Sidebend）11.4沖擊試樣V-NotchCharpyImpactSpecimen12、檢驗(yàn)結(jié)果ResultOfTest12.1外表目視檢驗(yàn)結(jié)論：ConclusionOfAppearanceVisualTest:12.2機(jī)械檢驗(yàn)結(jié)果MechanicalTestResult:12.2.1橫向拉伸試驗(yàn)結(jié)論如下表：Conclusionoftransversaltensiletestinthefollowingtable:試樣編號(hào)MarkofSpecimen試樣厚度ThicknessofSpecimen焊接位置PositionofWelding拉伸試驗(yàn)TensileTest斷裂位置PositionofFacture屈服點(diǎn)σsYieldPoint抗拉強(qiáng)度σb21T135F/H/VFHVFHVParentmetal///56155856721T2（Fusion）35F/H/V576494553647552667ParentmetalPlanOfWeldingProcedureApprovalTest12.2.2側(cè)彎試驗(yàn)結(jié)論如下表：Conclusionofsidebendtestinthefollowingtable:試樣編號(hào)MarkofSpecimen試樣厚度ThicknessofSpecimen焊接位置PositionofWelding冷彎D=5δ側(cè)彎180oColdBendD=5δSideBend180o21RB135F/H/VOK21RB235F/H/VOK21FB135F/H/VOK21FB235F/H/VOK12.2.3沖擊試驗(yàn)結(jié)論如下表：Conclusionofimpacttestinthefollowingtable:編號(hào)Mark試樣厚度Thickness焊接位置PositionofWelding焊接接頭沖擊韌性JV缺口-20缺口位置PositionofNotch沖擊值(ImpactValue)FHV21C35F/H/V缺口在焊縫中心Inthecenterlineoftheweldingseam83901381254719313413812621L35F/H/V缺口在熔合線上Inthefusionline158102861822191654813515321HZ135F/H/V缺口在熔合線外113416617019494214768312321HZ335F/H/V缺口在熔合線外3120538212689192676310621HZ535F/H/V缺口在熔合線外5143131137213150198938511012.3宏觀腐蝕試驗(yàn)Macro-EtchingTest(Seeingattachedtable3)編號(hào)Mark試樣厚度Thickness焊接位置PositionofWelding宏觀檢查Macro-inspecting21M35mmFOK2135mmVOK2135mmHOK12.4無(wú)損探傷Non-destructiveInspection12.4.1經(jīng)X光射線探傷,并根據(jù)CB/T3558-93標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行評(píng)定為AssessedⅠclassphotoaccordingtoCB/T3558-93standardafterinspectedbyX-ray.PlanOfWeldingProcedureApprovalTest13、結(jié)論Result13.1采用TY-YJ502（Q）CO2焊對(duì)EH36高強(qiáng)度鋼進(jìn)行平、橫、立焊接，根據(jù)KR/GL規(guī)范截取的各種試樣均通過(guò)了各項(xiàng)檢驗(yàn)。EH36hightensilesteelistobeweldedintheflat、horizontal、verticalpositionbyTY-YJ502（Q）CO2welding,allkindsofspecimeninterceptedaccordingtoKR/GLruleshavepasseditemsoftests.13.2本工藝申請(qǐng)KR/GL船級(jí)社上海辦事處認(rèn)可。ThistechnologyistoapplyforapprovalofKR/GLClassificationinShanghaiOffice.13.2.1適用于δ≤70的高強(qiáng)度鋼平、橫、立位置的焊接工藝。Itisfitfortheweldingtechnologyofδ≤70hightensilesteelintheflat、horizontal、verticalposition.

咖啡店創(chuàng)業(yè)計(jì)劃書第一部分：背景在中國(guó)，人們?cè)絹?lái)越愛喝咖啡。隨之而來(lái)的咖啡文化充滿生活的每個(gè)時(shí)刻。無(wú)論在家里、還是在辦公室或各種社交場(chǎng)合，人們都在品著咖啡?？Х戎饾u與時(shí)尚、現(xiàn)代生活聯(lián)系在一齊。遍布各地的咖啡屋成為人們交談、聽音樂(lè)、休息的好地方，咖啡豐富著我們的生活，也縮短了你我之間的距離，咖啡逐漸發(fā)展為一種文化。隨著咖啡這一有著悠久歷史飲品的廣為人知，咖啡正在被越來(lái)越多的中國(guó)人所理解。第二部分：項(xiàng)目介紹第三部分：創(chuàng)業(yè)優(yōu)勢(shì)目前大學(xué)校園的這片市場(chǎng)還是空白，競(jìng)爭(zhēng)壓力小。而且前期投資也不是很高，此刻國(guó)家鼓勵(lì)大學(xué)生畢業(yè)后自主創(chuàng)業(yè)，有一系列的優(yōu)惠政策以及貸款支持。再者大學(xué)生往往對(duì)未來(lái)充滿期望，他們有著年輕的血液、蓬勃的朝氣，以及初生牛犢不怕虎的精神，而這些都是一個(gè)創(chuàng)業(yè)者就應(yīng)具備的素質(zhì)。大學(xué)生在學(xué)校里學(xué)到了很多理論性的東西，有著較高層次的技術(shù)優(yōu)勢(shì)，現(xiàn)代大學(xué)生有創(chuàng)新精神，有對(duì)傳統(tǒng)觀念和傳統(tǒng)行業(yè)挑戰(zhàn)的信心和欲望，而這種創(chuàng)新精神也往往造就了大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)的動(dòng)力源泉，成為成功創(chuàng)業(yè)的精神基礎(chǔ)。大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)的最大好處在于能提高自己的潛力、增長(zhǎng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，以及學(xué)以致用;最大的誘人之處是透過(guò)成功創(chuàng)業(yè)，能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)自己的理想，證明自己的價(jià)值。第四部分：預(yù)算1、咖啡店店面費(fèi)用咖啡店店面是租賃建筑物。與建筑物業(yè)主經(jīng)過(guò)協(xié)商，以合同形式達(dá)成房屋租賃協(xié)議。協(xié)議資料包括房屋地址、面積、結(jié)構(gòu)、使用年限、租賃費(fèi)用、支付費(fèi)用方法等。租賃的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是投資少、回收期限短。預(yù)算10-15平米店面，啟動(dòng)費(fèi)用大約在9-12萬(wàn)元。2、裝修設(shè)計(jì)費(fèi)用咖啡店的滿座率、桌面的周轉(zhuǎn)率以及氣候、節(jié)日等因素對(duì)收益影響較大。咖啡館的消費(fèi)卻相對(duì)較高，主要針對(duì)的也是學(xué)生人群，咖啡店布局、格調(diào)及采用何種材料和咖啡店效果圖、平面圖、施工圖的設(shè)計(jì)費(fèi)用，大約6000元左右3、裝修、裝飾費(fèi)用具體費(fèi)用包括以下幾種。(1)外墻裝飾費(fèi)用。包括招牌、墻面、裝飾費(fèi)用。(2)店內(nèi)裝修費(fèi)用。包括天花板、油漆、裝飾費(fèi)用，木工、等費(fèi)用。(3)其他裝修材料的費(fèi)用。玻璃、地板、燈具、人工費(fèi)用也應(yīng)計(jì)算在內(nèi)。整體預(yù)算按標(biāo)準(zhǔn)裝修費(fèi)用為360元/平米，裝修費(fèi)用共360*15=5400元。4、設(shè)備設(shè)施購(gòu)買費(fèi)用具體設(shè)備主要有以下種類。(1)沙發(fā)、桌、椅、貨架。共計(jì)2250元(2)音響系統(tǒng)。共計(jì)450(3)吧臺(tái)所用的烹飪?cè)O(shè)備、儲(chǔ)存設(shè)備、洗滌設(shè)備、加工保溫設(shè)備。共計(jì)600(4)產(chǎn)品制造使用所需的吧臺(tái)、咖啡杯、沖茶器、各種小碟等。共計(jì)300凈水機(jī)，采用美的品牌，這種凈水器每一天能生產(chǎn)12l純凈水，每一天銷售咖啡及其他飲料100至200杯，價(jià)格大約在人民幣1200元上下。咖啡機(jī)，咖啡機(jī)選取的是電控半自動(dòng)咖啡機(jī)，咖啡機(jī)的報(bào)價(jià)此刻就應(yīng)在人民幣350元左右，加上另外的附件也不會(huì)超過(guò)1200元。磨豆機(jī)，價(jià)格在330―480元之間。冰砂機(jī)，價(jià)格大約是400元一臺(tái)，有點(diǎn)要說(shuō)明的是，最好是買兩臺(tái)，不然夏天也許會(huì)不夠用。制冰機(jī)，從制冰量上來(lái)說(shuō)，一般是要留有富余?？钪票鶛C(jī)每一天的制冰量是12kg。價(jià)格稍高550元，質(zhì)量較好，所以能夠用很多年，這么算來(lái)也是比較合算的。5、首次備貨費(fèi)用包括購(gòu)買常用物品及低值易耗品，吧臺(tái)用各種咖啡豆、奶、茶、水果、冰淇淋等的費(fèi)用。大約1000元6、開業(yè)費(fèi)用開業(yè)費(fèi)用主要包括以下幾種。(1)營(yíng)業(yè)執(zhí)照辦理費(fèi)、登記費(fèi)、保險(xiǎn)費(fèi);預(yù)計(jì)3000元(2)營(yíng)銷廣告費(fèi)用;預(yù)計(jì)450元7、周轉(zhuǎn)金開業(yè)初期，咖啡店要準(zhǔn)備必須量的流動(dòng)資金，主要用于咖啡店開業(yè)初期的正常運(yùn)營(yíng)。預(yù)計(jì)2000元共計(jì)： 120000+6000+5400+2250+450+600+300+1200+1200+480+400+550+1000+3000+450+2000=145280元第五部分：發(fā)展計(jì)劃1、營(yíng)業(yè)額計(jì)劃那里的營(yíng)業(yè)額是指咖啡店日常營(yíng)業(yè)收入的多少。在擬定營(yíng)業(yè)額目標(biāo)時(shí)，必須要依據(jù)目前市場(chǎng)的狀況，再思考到咖啡店的經(jīng)營(yíng)方向以及當(dāng)前的物價(jià)情形，予以綜合衡量。按照目前流動(dòng)人口以及人們對(duì)咖啡的喜好預(yù)計(jì)每一天的營(yíng)業(yè)額為400-800，根據(jù)淡旺季的不同可能上下浮動(dòng)2、采購(gòu)計(jì)劃依據(jù)擬訂的商品計(jì)劃，實(shí)際展開采購(gòu)作業(yè)時(shí)，為使采購(gòu)資金得到有效運(yùn)用以及商品構(gòu)成達(dá)成平衡，務(wù)必針對(duì)設(shè)定的商品資料排定采購(gòu)計(jì)劃。透過(guò)營(yíng)業(yè)額計(jì)劃、商品計(jì)劃與采購(gòu)計(jì)劃的確立，我們不難了解，一家咖啡店為了營(yíng)業(yè)目標(biāo)的達(dá)成，同時(shí)有效地完成商品構(gòu)成與靈活地運(yùn)用采購(gòu)資金，各項(xiàng)基本的計(jì)劃是不可或缺的。當(dāng)一家咖啡店設(shè)定了營(yíng)業(yè)計(jì)劃、商品計(jì)劃及采購(gòu)計(jì)劃之后，即可依照設(shè)定的采購(gòu)金額進(jìn)行商品的采購(gòu)。經(jīng)過(guò)進(jìn)貨手續(xù)檢驗(yàn)、標(biāo)價(jià)之后，即可寫在菜單上。之后務(wù)必思考的事情，就是如何有效地將這些商品銷售出去。3、人員計(jì)劃為了到達(dá)設(shè)定的經(jīng)營(yíng)目標(biāo)，經(jīng)營(yíng)者務(wù)必對(duì)人員的任用與工作的分派有一個(gè)明確的計(jì)劃。有效利用人力資源，開展人員培訓(xùn)，都是我們務(wù)必思考的。4、經(jīng)費(fèi)計(jì)劃經(jīng)營(yíng)經(jīng)費(fèi)的分派是管理的重點(diǎn)工作。通常能夠?qū)⒖Х鹊杲?jīng)營(yíng)經(jīng)費(fèi)分為人事類費(fèi)用(薪資、伙食費(fèi)、獎(jiǎng)金等)、設(shè)備類費(fèi)用(修繕費(fèi)、折舊、租金等)、維持類費(fèi)用(水電費(fèi)、消耗品費(fèi)、事務(wù)費(fèi)、雜費(fèi)等)和營(yíng)業(yè)類費(fèi)用(廣告宣傳費(fèi)、包裝費(fèi)、營(yíng)業(yè)稅等)。還能夠依其性質(zhì)劃分成固定費(fèi)用與變動(dòng)費(fèi)用。我們要針對(duì)過(guò)去的實(shí)際業(yè)績(jī)?cè)O(shè)定可能增加的經(jīng)費(fèi)幅度。5、財(cái)務(wù)計(jì)劃財(cái)務(wù)計(jì)劃中的損益計(jì)劃最能反映全店的經(jīng)營(yíng)成果?？Х鹊杲?jīng)營(yíng)者在營(yíng)運(yùn)資金的收支上要進(jìn)行控制，以便做到經(jīng)營(yíng)資金合理的調(diào)派與運(yùn)用。總之，以上所列的六項(xiàng)基本計(jì)劃(營(yíng)業(yè)額、商品采購(gòu)、銷售促進(jìn)、人員、經(jīng)費(fèi)、財(cái)務(wù))是咖啡店管理不可或缺的。當(dāng)然，有一些咖啡店為求管理上更深入，也能夠配合工作實(shí)際需要制訂一些其他輔助性計(jì)劃。第六部分：市場(chǎng)分析2019-2021年中國(guó)咖啡市場(chǎng)經(jīng)