2020屆徐匯區(qū)高三英語(yǔ)二模含答案

2019學(xué)年第二學(xué)期徐匯區(qū)學(xué)習(xí)能力診斷卷

高三英語(yǔ)試卷（滿(mǎn)分140分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘） 2020.5I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneistheB.Tofixthedoorbell.D.Toaskforinstructions.B.Tofixthedoorbell.D.Toaskforinstructions.B.Inarestaurant.D.Atthehotelreception.B.Shelostsomemoneylastyear.D.Sheishavinghealthproblems.B.Downloadingimages.D.Paintingpictures.A.Toanswerthedoor.C.Togetajob.A.Attheairport.C.Inabookingoffice.A.Shehaslostalotofweight.C.Shespentalotoncosmeticsurgery.A.Takingphotographs.C.Fixingcameras.A.Thewomanisgoingtoholdapartytomorrow.Themanasksthewomannottoattendtheparty.Thewomandoesn,tknowhowtogettotheparty.Themanofferstodrivethewomantotheparty.A.Tokyoisacitywithashorthistory.Hecanprovidelittleusefulinformation.Hecanshowthewomanaroundthecity.HehaslivedinTokyoforalongtime.A.Shewillmeetthemaninhisoffice.Shehasanappointmentwiththeman.Shehadatrafficaccidentthatmorning.Shehasanappointmentwiththeman.Shehadatrafficaccidentthatmorning.Shecan,tfinishmakingthejambefore9.A.Playsomemusic.C.Repairthesoundbox.A.Shecan,tstandthehotweather.C.Sheenjoysvisitingtheartmuseums.A.Heissatisfiedwithhisnewjob.Hedoesn,tlikehisnewoffice.B.Removethepowerplug.Startthecarengine.B.Thebeachresortisabetterchoice.D.Themanshoulddevelopatasteforart.B.Hewantshisworkloadtobeshared.D.Hegetspressurefromhisnewposition.第1頁(yè)共19頁(yè)SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.A.Apromotionofoutdoorclothes. B.AnintroductionofWestVirginia.C.Aweekendvacationtoafamousresort.D.Afreetriptoanunknowndestination.A.Regretful. B.Frustrating. C.Worthwhile. D.Comfortable.A.Mysterytrips.B.Outdooradventures.C.Socialmedia. D.Traveldestinations.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.A.Goodsarescarceandhardtogetforordinaryconsumers.Peopleaimforsocialdistinctionthroughwhattheyown.Manufacturersmakemoremoneybymassproduction.Growthofconsumerismisrestrictedbyartificialproducts.A.Tocutdownonlabourcostsbyreducingworkinghours.Tomakecustomersfeeltheyownsomethingrare.Toincreasetheircoffeepricewithoutlosingcustomers.Tofocusmoreonqualityandcustomersatisfaction.A.Consumerawareness. B.Socialdistinction.C.Artificialscarcity. D.Massproduction.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.A.Inthegym.B.Atabookstore.C.Atthelibrary.D.Intheclassroom.A. Waitforamonth. B.Keepthereceipt.C. Markonthebook. D.Acceptadiscount.A.Themandoesn,tneedthebooknow.B.He,safraidhemightdamagethebook.C. Thebookcoststoomuchforhim. D.Hepreferstheeditionwithfootnotes.A. Bargainwiththewoman. B.Gotoanotherbookstore.C. Wraphisbook. D.SurftheInternet.第2頁(yè)共19頁(yè)GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.DiscoveringaLostBrotherKieronGrahamalwaysknewhehadanelderbrothernamedVincent.Hisadoptionpapers,(21)(sign)whenhewasthreemonthsold,listedabrothernamedVincentbutnolastname.ThoughKieronspentyearsthinkingaboutVincent,hecouldnevertrackhimdown.ThatchangedinDecember2017,whenKieron,sadoptiveparentsgavehimanDNAtestasaChristmasgift.Whenhisresultscameback,hewassurprised(22) (find)hehadalotofDNAmatchesforrelativeswhohadalsotakenthetest.Mostweredistantconnections,butonematchwassostrongthatit(23)(label)“closefamily.”HisnamewasVincentGhant.KieronlookedforhimonFacebookandsoonmadeapossibleconnection.Whentheyconnected,itwas(24)theyhadknowneachothertheirwholelives.Astheytalked,thebrothersrealizedtheylivedabout20minutesfromeachother.(25)(surprisingly),theyattendedthesameuniversityandmajoredandminoredinthesamesubjects.VincentwasninewhenKieronwasbornandrememberscaringforhisbabybrother.Buttimesweretough,andShawn,whoworked15-plushoursadayasanurse,decidedthat(26)(place)Kieronforadoptionwouldgivehimthebestchancetosucceed.“Shewasveryemotionalaboutthattime,tothepoint(27)itwashardforhertoputintowordsanythingaboutwhathappened,”Vincentsays.Nowthebrothershadthechancetomakeupforlosttime.Theydecidedtomeetatalocalteashopthatweek.OneofVincent,sconcernswasthatKieron(28)hatehisbirthfamilyforplacinghimforadoption.HewasrelievedKierondidn,t,and(29)he,dgrownupinalovingfamily.Afterthatfirstmeeting,thebrothersplayedfootballtogetherandcelebratedChristmaswiththeirfamilies.“We,llkeepgrowingourrelationship(30)it,stimetoleavethisplanet,”saysVincent.Thatshouldn'tbehard.AsKieronsays,“We'vegotyearsandyearstocatchupon.”SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.第3頁(yè)共19頁(yè)A.motiveB.deliberatelyC.convincedD.injuriousE.alertsF.desperatelyG.sweptH.accountsI.unconsciousJ.preservingK.chargingWhyHumpbackWhales（座頭鯨）ProtectOtherSpeciesfromKillerWhalesRobertPitman,amarineecologist,describesanencounterhewitnessedinAntarcticain2009.AgroupofkillerwhaleswereattackingaWeddellseal.Thesealswam31towardapairofhumpbacksthathadinsertedthemselvesintotheaction.Oneofthehumpbacksrolledoveronitsback,andthesealwas32ontoitschest,betweenthewhale,smassiveflippers（鰭）.“Thatincident33me,”hesays.“Thosehumpbacksweredoingsomethingwecouldn,texplain.”P(pán)itmanstartedaskingotherresearchersandwhalewatcherstosendhimsimilar34.Soonhewasreadingthroughobservationsof115encountersbetweenhumpbacksandkillerwhales,recordedover62years.“Therearesomeprettyastonishingvideosofhumpbacks35killerwhales,”hesays.Ina2016articleinMarineMammalScience,afamousscientificjournal,Pitmanandhisco-authorsdescribethisbehaviourandconfirmthatsuchactsofdo-goodingarewidespread.Butknowingthatsomethingishappeningandunderstandingwhyit,shappeningaretwodifferentthings.Pitmanandhisco-authorsopenlyreflectedonthemeaningoftheseencounters.“Why,”theywrote,“wouldhumpbacks36interferewithattackingkillerwhales,spendingtimeandenergyonapotentially37activity,especiallywhenthekillerwhales…wereattackingotherspeciesofprey?”Interestingly,humpbacksdon,tjusthitonkiller-whaleattacks.Theyracetowardthemlikefirefightersintoburningbuildings.Andlikethoserescueworkers,humpbacksdon,tknowwhoisindangeruntiltheygetthere.That,sbecausethesoundthat38themtoanattackisn'tthesadvoiceofthevictim.It'stheexcitedcallsofthekillerwhales.Pitmanbelieveshumpbackshaveonesimpleinstruction:“Whenyouhearkillerwhalesattacking,gobreaktup.”Iwonderwhathumpbackwhalescaredeeplyenoughabouttoactivelyswimintobattlewithkillerwhales.WhenIaskPitman,hetellsmethat,itstillcomesdowntoselfishly39theirownkind.Hebelievesthattheiroccasionalrescuesofhumpbackcalves（后代）createastrongenough40forthemtorushintohelp,evenifitmeanstheyendupsavingsunfish,sealions,dolphinseverynowandthen.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Thetruepurposeofabusiness,PeterDruckersaid,istocreateandkeepcustomers.“Customervalue”hasseveral第4頁(yè)共19頁(yè)definitions.Iusethe41tomeanthetotallifetimevalueofacompany,scustomerbase.Companiescanincreasethisvalueby42morecustomers,earningmorebusinessfromexistingones,keepingthemlonger,makingtheirexperiencesimplerthroughdigitalimprovementsandsoon.43leadershavelongunderstoodtheimportanceofconcentratingoncustomervalueratherthanpursuingshort-termprofitsorquarterlyearnings,andthey,vebecomeenduringcustomerloyaltyleadersintheprocess.It,sworthnotingthatanumberofloyalty-leadingcompaniesareableto44shareholderpressure,oravoiditaltogether,becausetheyarefounder-led,customer-owned,ornotpubliclytraded.Companiescan45customervalueinavarietyofways:Toincrease46 ,enterprisesoftwarecompaniessometimeschargecorporatecustomerschangefeesthatcanraisethetotalcostofownershiptoasmuchasthreetimestheoriginalprice.Toreduceoperatingcosts,restaurantchainssometimes47frozenandprecookedingredientsinplaceoffreshandmade-to-orderfood.Theresultingprofitsmaylookgoodontheincomestatement.Suchstrategiesmayevenleadtoshort-termearningsgrowth.Buttheyalso_48potentialcustomersandencouragedisloyalty.Giventheimportanceofcustomervalue,leadersshouldtrackitasmuchastheytrackotherkeyassets(資產(chǎn)),suchasbuildings,machinery,andmarketablesecurities.Theyalsoshouldrevealitintheirquarterlyandannualearningsreleasessothatinvestorscanmake49judgmentsaboutcompanyperformanceandhowitcompareswiththatofindustrypeers.Butmostcompanies_50__believethatmeasuringcustomervalueistoodifficultorcostly.Theycontinuetorelyonacenturies-oldaccountingtraditionthatemphasizesphysicalandfinancialassets,andneitherincomestatementsnorbalancesheetsoffermuch_51intothevalueofacompany,scustomers.Asinvestorswakeuptotheimportanceofcustomervalue,however,manygrowth-stagecompaniesnowdirectinvestors,attentionto52ingrowingthevalueoftheircustomerbase.Somepubliccompaniesincreasinglyreportvarioustypesofcustomervaluemetrics(指標(biāo)).OneoftheUK'stopenergysuppliersE.ON,53 ,reportsyear-over-yearcustomercountsinitsfinancialreport.“Asacustomer-focusedcompany,”E.ONnoted,“weseecustomervalueascrucialtooursuccess.”Thisisastart,butbecausetherearenocustomer-valuereportingstandardsorrequirements,investorsstillhavea(n)54picture.Theminorityofcompaniesthatdoprovidecustomervalueinformationdecideforthemselveswhattodisclose.55,firmsmaycalculatecustomermetricsdifferentlyorchangethemtotelladesiredstory,orsimplystopreportingthemiftheyfailtogowiththecompany,spreferrednarrative.41.A.itemB.versionC.termD.definition42.A.persuadingB.consultingC.acquiringD.inspecting43.A.ConsiderateB.VisionaryC.DeterminedD.Powerful44.A.resistB.relieveC.intensifyD.maintain45.A.raiseB.adoptC.calculateD.destroy46.A.incomeB.experienceC.productivityD.demand47.A.separateB.substituteC.forbidD.combine48.A.appealtoB.relyonC.putdownD.scareoff49.A.informedB.subjectiveC.definitiveD.independent50.A.fullyB.hardlyC.readilyD.wrongly51.A.suspicionB.extensionC.literacyD.visibility52.A.sacrificeB.successC.prejudiceD.expense53.A.asaresultB.forexampleC.onthecontraryD.ingeneral54.A.incompleteB.depressingC.convincingD.vivid55.A.InsteadB.FurtherC.OtherwiseD.ThereforeSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Aristotlethoughtthefacewasawindowontoaperson,smind.Ciceroagreed.Twothousandyearspassed,andfacialexpressionsarestillcommonlythoughttobeauniversallyvalidwaytojudgeotherpeople,sfeelings,irrespectiveofage,sexandculture.Araisedeyebrowsuggestsconfusion.Asmileindicateshappiness.Ordothey?Ananalysisofhundredsofresearchpapersthatexaminedtherelationshipbetweenfacialexpressionsandunderlyingemotionshasuncoveredasurprisingconclusion:thereisnogoodscientificevidencetosuggestthattherearesuchthingsasrecognizablefacialexpressionsforbasicemotionswhichareuniversalacrosscultures.Justbecausea第5頁(yè)共19頁(yè)personisnotsmiling,theresearchersfound,doesnotmeanthatpersonisunhappy.Thismayraisequestionsabouttheeffortsofinformation-technologycompaniestodevelopartificial-intelligencealgorithm^法)whichcanrecognizefacialexpressionsandworkoutaperson,sunderlyingemotionalstate.Microsoft,forexample,claimsits“EmotionAPI”isabletodetectwhatpeoplearefeelingbyexaminingvideofootageofthem.Anotherofthestudy,sauthors,however,expressedscepticism.AleixMartinez,acomputerengineeratOhioStateUniversity,saidthatcompaniesattemptingtoobtainemotionsfromimagesoffaceshavefailedtounderstandtheimportanceofcontext.Forastart,facialexpressionisbutoneofanumberofnon-verbalways,suchasbodyposture,thatpeopleusetocommunicatewitheachother.Machinerecognitionofemotionneedstotakeaccountoftheseaswell.Butcontextcanreachfurtherthanthat.DrMartinezmentionedanexperimentinwhichparticipantswereshownaclose-uppictureofaman,sface,whichwasbrightredwithhismouthopeninascream.Basedonthisalone,mostparticipantssaidthemanwasextremelyangry.Thenthewholepicturewasshown.Itwasafootballplayerwithhisarmsoutstretched,celebratingagoal.Hisangry-lookingfacewas,infact,ashowofpurejoy.Giventhatpeoplecannotguesseachother,semotionalstatesmostofthetime,DrMartinezseesnoreasoncomputerswouldbeableto.“TherearecompaniesrightnowclaimingtobeabletodothatandapplythistoplacesIfindreallyscaryanddangerous,forexample,inhiringpeople,”hesays.“Somecompaniesrequireyoutopresentavideoresume,whichisanalyzedbyamachine-learningsystem.Anddependingonyourfacialexpressions,theyhireyouornot,whichIfindreallyshocking.”Wecanlearnfromthesecondparagraphthat.A.facialexpressionsareuniversalacrossculturesB.itishardtorecognizesomefacialexpressionsC.emotionsandfacialexpressionsmaynotberelatedD.commonfacialexpressionsconveysimilarmeaningsInthepassage,theword“scepticism”(paragraph3)isclosestinmeaningto“”.A.similarinterest B.fierceanger C.strongsupport D.greatdoubtTheexperimentmentionedbyDrMartinezmayprovethat.A.facialexpressionisanimportantwaytocommunicateB.machinerecognitionofemotionisnotreliableatallC.facialexpressionisnottheonlywaytodetectfeelingsD.peoplemaymisreadfacialexpressionsforlackofcontext59.Whatdoesthispassagemainlytellus?Facialexpressionsareamongthemostuniversalformsofbodylanguage.Computerscandetectpeople,smindbyanalyzingtheirfacialexpressions.Facialexpressionsmaynotbethereliablereflectionofaperson'semotions.Companiescandependonmachinerecognitionofemotiontohirepeople.第6頁(yè)共19頁(yè)

(B)(B)WriterWRITINGINSPIRATIONGETPUBLISHEDRESOURCESIMPROVEYOURWRITINGWRITINGINSPIRATIONGETPUBLISHEDRESOURCESFoundedin1887,TheWriteraimstoexpandandsupporttheworkofprofessionalwriterswithastraightforwardpresentationofindustryinformation,writinginstructionandprofessionalandpersonalmotivation.Ifyou,repassionateaboutbooks,authors,andwriting,you,llfindeverythingyouneedwithinourpages12timesayear.Oureditorsareinterestedinqueryletters(投稿信)onconcretetopicswrittenbyemergingandexperiencedwriters.Wearelookingforcleartakeawayforourreaders:Whatcantheylearntoimprovetheirwritingoradvancetheircareers?Whatspecifichow-totipsandstrategieswillaccomplishthis?Inadditiontoafleshed-outoutlineofyourstoryideaandanestimatedwordcount,queriesshouldincludeabriefdescriptionofyourbackground.Forpersonalessays,wepreferwriterstoattachorpastethefinishedpieceintheirqueryemail.Wedonotacceptmaterialthathasbeenpreviouslypublishedinanyforminprintoronline.Queriesshouldbesentbye-mailtotweditorial@.Allqueriessenttoanyotheraddresswillbedeleted.Unfortunately,wereceivehundredsofletterseveryweekandcannotrespondtoallofthem.Ifyouhaven,theardfromusintwoweeks,pleasefeelfreetomoveyoursubmission(投稿)toanotherpublication.Ifyou,reunfamiliarwithourmagazine,werecommendreadingafewissues,subscribing,oratleastsigningupforournewslettertogetafeelforthekindofworkwepublish.Articlelengthsvarywidelyfrom300to3,000words.Werecommendwritersaskthemselvesthefollowingquestionsbeforequerying.Itisn,tnecessarytoincludetheminyourquery,butwefindit'sagoodwaytohelpusunderstandhowyourpiecebestfitsinourpages:Howspecificallywillthisstoryideahelpourreadersbecomemoreinformedwriters?Whyisthisparticularideatimelyorrelevant?Whyareyoutheperfectpersontowritethispiece?Wepreferelectronicqueries.Pleasedonotmailqueries.Paymentvaries.ThankyouforconsideringasubmissiontoTheWritermagazine,thevoiceofimagination,creation,andpublicationsince1887.Accordingtothepassage,TheWritermagazine A.providespracticalsuggestionsonawritingcareerrespondstoallthequerylettersfromthereadersintroducessuccessfulwritersandtheirworksonlyprefershandwrittenqueriestoelectroniconesWhensendingaqueryletter,acontributormust A.answerthethreequestionsfirstC.subscribetothemagazine62.Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?A.answerthethreequestionsfirstC.subscribetothemagazine62.Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?Magazinerecommendations.C.Publishedstories.attachaprintedversionofthestoryD.includeabriefself-introductionB.Submissionguidelines.D.Subscriptioninformation.(C)Therehas,inrecentyears,beenanoutpouringofinformationabouttheimpactofbuildingsonthenatural第7頁(yè)共19頁(yè)environment.Informationwhichexplainsandpromotesgreenandsustainableconstructiondesign,strivestoconvinceothersofitsefficacy（功效）andwarnsofthedangersofignoringtheissue.Seldomdothesedocumentsofferanyadvicetopractitioners,suchasthosedesigningmechanicalandelectricalsystemsforabuilding,onhowtousethisknowledgeonapracticallevel.Althoughthereareagoodmanyadvocatesof“green”constructioninthearchitecturalindustry,abletolistenoughreasonswhybuildingsshouldbedesignedinasustainableway,nottomentionplentyofarchitecturalfirmswithexperienceingreendesign,thisisnotenoughtomakegreenconstructioncomeintobeing.Thedrivingforcebehindwhetherabuildingisconstructedwithminimalenvironmentalimpactlieswiththeownerofthebuilding;thatis,thepersonfinancingtheproject.Iftheownerconsidersgreendesignunimportant,orofsecondaryimportance,thenmorethanlikely,itwillnotbefactoredintothedesign.Thecommissioning（委任）processplaysakeyroleinensuringtheownergetsthebuildinghewants,intermsofdesign,costsandrisk.Atthepredesignstage,theowner,sobjectivesandexpectationsarediscussedanddocumented.Thisgivesadesignteamasolidfoundationonwhichtheycanbuildtheirideas.Ownerswhoskipthecommissioningprocess,orfailtotake“green”issuesintoaccountwhendoingso,oftencomeacropperoncetheirbuildingisupandrunning.Materialsandequipmentareinstalledasplanned,and,atfirstglance,appeartofulfiltheirpurposeadequately.However,intime,theownerrealizesthatoperationalandmaintenancecostsarehigherthannecessary,andthattheoccupantsaredissatisfiedwiththeresults.Thesefactorsinturnleadtohigherownershipcostsaswellasincreasedenvironmentalimpact.Insomecases,anownermaybeawareofthelatesttrendsinsustainablebuildingdesign.However,firmsshouldnottakeitasreadthattheclientalreadyhasanideaofhowgreenheintendsthestructuretobe.Indeed,thisinitialinteractionbetweenownerandfirmistheidealtimeforadesignertooutlineandpromotethewaysthatgreendesigncanmeettheclient,sobjectives,thusturningaprojectoriginallynotdestinedforgreendesignintoapotentialcandidate.Typically,whenconsideringwhetherornottoadoptagreenapproach,anownerwillaskaboutadditionalcostsorreturnforinvestment.Inatypicalproject,landscapearchitects,mechanicalandelectricalengineersdonotbecomeinvolveduntilamuchlaterstage.However,ingreendesign,theymustbeinvolvedfromtheoutset,sincegreendesigndemandsinteractionbetweenthesedisciplines.Thisincreasedcooperationclearlyrequiresadditionalcost.However,theremaybefinancialadvantagefortheclientinchoosingagreenerdesign.Thereareexamplesofgreendesignswhichhavedemonstratedlowercostsforlong-termoperation,ownershipandevenconstruction.Whatisthemainreasonforthelackofgreenbuildingsbeingdesignedaccordingtothepassage?Fewfirmshaveenoughexperienceindesigningandconstructinggreenbuildings.Constructioncompaniesareunawareofthebenefitsofsustainabledesigns.Firmsdonotgettodecidewhetherabuildingistobeconstructedsustainably.Firmstendtoconvinceclientsthatotherfactorsaremoreimportantthansustainability.64.Thephrase“comeacropper”probablymeans .A.experiencemisfortuneB.changeone,smindC.noticethebenefits D.makeastartWhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthepassage?Mostclientshaveaclearideaofwhethertheywantagreenbuildingatthebeginning.Greenbuildingsaremostlikelytocostmoremoneythanconventionalbuildings.Thecommissioningprocessoffersagoodopportunitytobringupthesubjectofgreendesign.Firmsshouldavoidworkingwithclientswhorejectgreendesignsintheirbuildings.66.Thewriter,smainpurposeisto.explaintheimportanceofcommunicationwhenabuildingiscommissionedemphasizetheimportanceofgreenbuildingdesigninprotectingtheenvironmentexplaintobuildingownerswhyignoringgreenissuesiscostlyanddangerousinformprofessionalshowtheycaninfluenceclientstochoosegreenerdesigns第8頁(yè)共19頁(yè)SectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.Theculturalbreakthroughcamein2014withaveryspecificpodcast-Serial.Butifyouareacelebrity,podcastscanprovideanewbranchofbusiness.Andnow,despitethegrowthinsmartphonesofferinghigh-definitionpictures,thepopularityofpodcastsisbooming.D.Nowtheboominpodcastingembracesahugerangeoftalent,fromprofessionalbroadcasterstoenthusiastsofferinginsightsonanythingandeverything.Podcastsofferachancetospeaktoaverypreciseselectionofpeople.Butwheredidthistrendformakingportableaudioprogrammesbegin?ThePodcast(#^)BoomDoyouprefertowatchTVorlistentotheradio?Therewasatimewhensomepeoplethoughtmovingpictureswouldspelltheendoftuningintotheradioforentertainmentandinformation.Butradiosurvivedandboomed.(67)Perhapsthegrowthinpodcastingisnotsurprising—itoffersadigitalaudiofilethatcanbedownloadedandstoredforlisteningatanytime.ItcanalsobestreamedfromtheinternetandplayedonacomputerorMP3player.Andit,snotjustbroadcasters,liketheBBC,whoareproducingpodcasts:nowcommercialbroadcasters,individualsandcompanieswithnoconnectiontobroadcastingaremakingthem.Infact,anyonewithsomethingtosay,andafewpoundstospendontheequipment,cangetinvolved.Thedigitalaudiofilesarecheaptoproduceand,thankstotheinternet,easytodistribute.(68)JournalistBenHammersleytoldtheBBCthat“twochangestransformedthemarket-oneculturalandonetechnical.”Atechnicalbreakthroughcamein2012whenAppleproducedtheiPhonepodcastapp,whichprovedapopularlibrarysystemforlisteners.Thiswasfollowedbyadramaticimprovementininexpensiverecordingproductionandeditingequipment.Finally,thedevelopmentof4Gmobilephoneconnectionsandwidespreadwi-fimeantlistenerscouldbrowse,downloadorstreamshowswhenevertheywanted.ItwasapieceofinvestigativejournalismhostedbySarahKoenig,tellinganonfictionstoryovermultipleepisode1集).Todate,thefirstandsecondseasonsoftheshowhavehadmorethan340milliondownloads.Advertiserssoonrealizedthemoney-makingpotentialofthisandothersuccessfulpodcasts.Andwheretheaudiencegoes,themoneyfollows.From2017to2018advertisingspendingonpodcastsintheUKwentfrom$10.6m(￡8.5m)to$19.7m,an85%increase,accordingtoOvum.Infact,asBenHammersleyexplains,podcastinghasbroughtpeopleintobroadcastingwhowouldnormallyneverhaveseentheinsideofarecordingstudio.“Thereareofcourseprofessionalpodcasters,buttherearemanymorepeoplewhocreatequalitycontentanddoitfornothing,”hesays.“Andthatischangingnotjustthewaywelistentoaudiobutthewaythebroadcastingindustryworks.”.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.第9頁(yè)共19頁(yè)TeachingChildrenaboutForgivenessIfyou,veseenyourchildrenstruggletoforgivesomeoneforhurtingthem,youknowthatforgivenessiscomplicated.Afterall,forgivenessiscomplicatedforadults,too.Attimes,wewonderwhywe,retryingtoforgivesomeoneanyway;later,wemightthinkwe,veforgiventhem,onlytoexperienceasuddenburstofanger.Indeed,i