2023年江西理工大學(xué)研究生學(xué)位英語(yǔ)試卷

江西理工大學(xué)碩士研究生學(xué)位英語(yǔ)考試樣卷（新）PARTI:Writing(25%)SectionA:LetterWriting(10%)Supposeyouwanttostudyinafamousforeignuniversity.Writealetterofapplicationforit（about100words）SectionB:AbstractWriting(15%)Directions:ReadthefollowingChinesetextandwriteanabstractofitin80-100Englishwords.倫敦市長(zhǎng)懇請(qǐng)金融城員工把獎(jiǎng)金捐贈(zèng)給藝術(shù)領(lǐng)域，否則這座都市最重要的一種魅力也許遭到破壞。新發(fā)布的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，商界對(duì)文化領(lǐng)域的投資正不斷減少。私人部門對(duì)藝術(shù)的支持——涉及個(gè)人捐贈(zèng)——于2023年達(dá)成了6.86億英鎊的峰值水平，但昨日發(fā)布的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，商界投資額在去年下降了7%。一家推動(dòng)藝術(shù)贊助的征詢機(jī)構(gòu)——藝術(shù)與商業(yè)（Arts&Business）的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示，倫敦70%的藝術(shù)機(jī)構(gòu)稱，來(lái)自商界的資助額有所減少。然而，倫敦市長(zhǎng)在維多利亞和阿爾伯特博物館（VictoriaandAlbertMuseum）向藝術(shù)界領(lǐng)袖發(fā)表演講時(shí)表達(dá)，在經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退期間，投資于藝術(shù)“比任何時(shí)候都更為重要”。他表達(dá)：“藝術(shù)和文化不是奢侈品，而是這座城市DNA的一部分，是人們樂(lè)意來(lái)此生活和工作的因素。每10名游客中就有7名表達(dá)，這是他們來(lái)此游覽的一個(gè)因素。離開(kāi)倫敦的藝術(shù)，倫敦就不能稱其為倫敦?！眰惗厥虚L(zhǎng)的呼吁得到了老維克劇院（OldVic）藝術(shù)總監(jiān)凱文斯佩西（KevinSpacey）的支持，他表達(dá)：“我在這里住了7年，我真誠(chéng)地相信，英國(guó)在藝術(shù)和文化領(lǐng)域的卓越成就，是這個(gè)國(guó)家最強(qiáng)大的天然資源之一，但許多藝術(shù)機(jī)構(gòu)正舉步維艱。假如沒(méi)有政治意愿，以及公司和公眾的支持，它們將很難生存下去。”倫敦市長(zhǎng)敦促藝術(shù)界領(lǐng)袖去結(jié)識(shí)到，英國(guó)文化機(jī)構(gòu)的成功運(yùn)作對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)有一定的影響力。在英國(guó)，公共部門對(duì)戲劇產(chǎn)業(yè)的投資額為1.213億英鎊，但該產(chǎn)業(yè)卻為英國(guó)發(fā)明了26億英鎊的收入。大倫敦地區(qū)政府（GreaterLondonAuthority）估計(jì)，商業(yè)創(chuàng)意產(chǎn)業(yè)為倫敦提供了50萬(wàn)個(gè)就業(yè)崗位，發(fā)明了200億英鎊的增長(zhǎng)值。PARTII:Listening（25%）SectionA:ListeningComprehension:(10%)Inthissectionyouwillhearsomeshortconversationsandlongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestion,therewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkeda),b),c),andd),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.1.[A]Themanisthemanageroftheapartmentbuilding.[B]Thewomanisverygoodatbargaining.[C]Thewomanwillgettheapartmentrefurnished.[D]Themanislookingforanapartment.2.[A]Howthepictureswillturnout.[B]Wherethebotanicalgardenis.[C]Whatthemanthinksoftheshots.[D]Whythepicturesarenotready.3.[A]Thereisnoreplacementforthehandle.[B]Thereisnomatchforthesuitcase.[C]Thesuitcaseisnotworthfixing.[D]Thesuitcasecanbefixedintime.4.[A]Heneedsavehicletobeusedinharshweather.[B]Hehasafairlylargecollectionofqualitytrucks.[C]Hehashadhistruckadaptedforcoldtemperatures.[D]Hedoesroutinetruckmaintenanceforthewoman.5.[A]Shecannotstandherboss’sbadtemper.[B]Shehasoftenbeencriticizedbyherboss.[C]Shehasmadeuphermindtoresign.[D]Sheneverregretsanydecisionsshemakes.6.[A]Lookforashirtofamoresuitablecolorandsize.[B]Replacetheshirtwithoneofsomeothermaterial.[C]Visitadifferentstoreforasilkorcottonshirt.[D]Getadiscountontheshirtsheisgoingtobuy.7.[A]Ata“LostandFound”.[B]Atareceptiondesk.[C]Atatradefair.[D]Atanexhibition.

8.[A]Repairitandmovein.[B]Passitontohisgrandson.[C]Convertitintoahotel.[D]Sellitforagoodprice.Questions9to10arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.9.[A]Uniquedescriptiveskills.[B]Goodknowledgeofreaders’tastes.[C]Colourfulworldexperiences.[D]Carefulplottingandclueing.10.[A]Apeacefulsetting.[B]Aspaciousroom.[C]Tobeintherightmood[D]Tobeentirelyalone.SectionB:Notetaking(15%)Inthispart,youwillhearapassagetwice.Afterthefirsttime,therewillbeapauseof30seconds.Pleasetryyourbesttowritedownthemainideaand4detailsofthepassage.Thenlistenagainandcheckyouranswers.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.（附：SectionB錄音文字稿）CampuscollaborationForeignuniversitiesfindworkinginChinaharderthantheyexpectedLIKEtheircounterpartsaroundtheworldinjustaboutanyotherindustry,administratorsinhighereducationintheWestcanbeforgivenforlookingatthewritingonthewallandseeingChinesecharacters.Whetherforthenarrowpurposeofgeneratingrevenueorthebroadergoalofengagingmoredeeplywitharapidlyemergingandevermoreimportantnation,foreignuniversitiesarescramblingtorecruitinChinaaswellastoestablishorexpandtheirpresencethere.Britain’sLancasterUniversity,NewYork’sJuilliardSchool,whichspecializesinmusic,andDukeUniversityinNorthCarolina,arejustthelatestforeigninstitutionstopileintoanalreadycrowdedmarketplace.Otherco-operativeandexchangeprogrammesinhighereducationarebeingannouncedalmosteverymonth.SomerecruitChinesestudentstoforeignuniversities,orforeignstudentstoChineseones.Otherstaketheformofresearchfacilitiesoracademic-exchangecentres.Someofferdualdegrees.Themostambitiousinvolvebuilding,staffingandoperatingsatellitecampusesinChina.NoneofthemfindsiteasytoworkwithanacademicsystemwhosestandardsandvaluesaresodifferentfromthoseintheWest.NotleastofthehurdlesismaintainingscholarlyindependenceinChina’srestrictivepoliticalenvironment.ThecollapseofaBeijing-basedundergraduateprogrammejointlyrunbytwoeliteinstitutions—YaleUniversityinAmericaandPekingIn2023lessthanayearaftertheprogrammewaslaunched,avisitingYalefacultymember,StephenStearns,wroteanopenlettercomplainingabouttherampantplagiarismheclaimedwasbeingcommittedbymanyofhisChinesestudents.“WhenastudentIamteachingstealswordsandideasfromanauthorwithoutacknowledgment,Ifeelcheated,”saidMrStearns.“Iaskmyself,whyshouldIteachpeoplewhoknowinglydeceiveme?”HeaddedthatsuchpracticesappearedtobewidelytoleratedbyChineseacademics,andsuggestedthatthenationhadlostitsway.However,Yale’sexperiencehasnotdeterredothersfromcomingin,withstrongencouragementfromtheChinesegovernment.Officialshopesuchventureswillstopacademictalentmovingabroad,andpushChineseuniversitiestoimprove.Butplagiarism,falsecredentialsandresearch,andcheatingontests,remainobstaclesforforeignuniversitiesinChina.“AcademiccultureinChinaissuchthatthekindofvaluesystemwehaveinplaceisnotpartofthewoodworkhere,”saysDenisSimon,whooverseesArizonaStateUniversity’sdealingswithChina.InthepastyearthenumberofChineseinstitutionsparticipatinginArizonaState’sdual-degreeprogramme,whichallowsparticipatingstudentstogainanAmericanandaChinesedegree,hasrisenfromthreeto33.About95%ofstudentsachievethegradestheyneedtoenterthefifthyearofstudythatresultsinamaster’sdegreefromThathighsuccessrate,MrSimonsays,requiresheavyinvestmentinsendingacademicstafftoChinatoscreencandidates.“Wewanthigh-qualitypeoplewithgoodEnglishandtheabilitytopay.Giventheleveloffraudandfakedocuments,itisworththebiginvestmentittakesforustodoitthisway,”hesays.ForeignscholarscollaboratingwithinstitutionsinChinasometimesfretabouthowtohandlepoliticallysensitivetopicsorcurriculummaterials.DaliYang,whoheadsaresearchandconferencecentreinBeijingrunbytheUniversityofInNovemberLeeBollinger,thepresidentofColumbiaUniversityinNewYork,saidhisinstitution’sacademiccentreinBeijing,whichopenedin2023,wouldupholdacademic“freedomandopenness”.Headdedthatifanythingthreatenedtocompromiseits“fundamentalvalues”,ColumbiawouldhavetoleaveChina.PARTIII:ReadingComprehension（25%）Passage1(10%):Itdoesn’tcomeasasurprisetoyoutorealizethatitmakesnodifferencewhatyoureadtostudyifyoucan’trememberit.Youjustwasteyourvaluabletime.Maybeyouhavealreadydiscoveredsomecleverwaystokeepyourselffromforgetting.Onedependableaidthatdoeshelpyourememberwhatyoustudyistohaveaspecificpurposeorreasonforreading.Yourememberbetterwhatyoureadwhenyouknowwhyyouarereading.Whydoesaclerkinastoregoawayandleaveyouwhenyourreplytoheroffertohelpis“No,thankyou,I’mjustlooking”?Bothyouandsheknowthatifyouaren’tsurewhatyouwant,youarenotlikelytofindit.Butsupposeyoumaysayinstead,“Yes,Iwantapairofsunglasses.”Shesays,“Rightthisway,please.”Andyouandsheareoff—botheagertolookforexactlywhatyouwant.Ifyouarelookingfornothinginparticular,youarelikelytogetjustthat—nothing.Butifyoudoknowwhatyouwant,andifyouhavetherightbook,youarealmostsuretogetit.Yourreasonswillvary—theywillincludereadingorstudying“tofindoutmoreabout”,“tounderstandthereasonsfor”,and“tofindouthow”.Agoodstudenthasaclearpurposeorreasonforwhatheisdoing.Thatisthewayitworks.Beforeyoustarttostudy,yousaytoyourselfsomethinglikethis,“IwanttoknowwhyStephenVincentBenethappenedtowriteaboutAmerica.I’mreadingthisarticletofindabout”or,“I’mgoingtoskimthisstorytoseewhatlifewaslikeinmedievalEngland”.Becauseyouknowwhyyouarereadingorstudying,yourelatetheinformationtoyourpurposeandrememberitbetter.Readingisnotonesingleactivity.Atleasttwoimportantprocessesgoonatthesametime.Asyouread,youtakeinideasrapidlyandaccurately.Butatthesametimeyouexpressyourownideastoyourselfasyoureacttowhatyouread.Youhaveakindofmentalconversationwiththeauthor.Ifyouexpressedyourideasorally,theymightsoundlikethis:“Yes,Iagree.That’smyopiniontoo”or“Umm,Ithoughtthatrecordwasbrokenmuchearlier.I’dbettercheckthosedates,”or“Buttherearesomeotherfactstobeconsidered!”Youdon’tjustsittheretakinginideas—youdosomethingelse,andthatsomethingelseisveryimportant.Thistraditionalprocessofthinkingaboutwhatyoureadincludesevaluatingit,relatingittowhatyoualreadyknow,andusingitforyourownpurposes.Inotherwords,agoodreaderisacriticalreader.Onepartofcriticalreading,asyouhavediscovered,isdistinguishingbetweenfactsandopinions.Factscanbecheckedbyevidence.Opinionsareone’sownpersonalreactions.Anotherpartofcriticalreadingisjudgingsources.Stillanotherpartisdrawingaccurateinferences.1.Ifyoucannotrememberwhatyoureadorstudy,____________［A］itisnothingoutoftheordinary.［B］itmeansyouhavenotreallylearnedanything.［C］itmeansyouhavenotchosentherightbook.［D］yourealizeitisofnoimportance.2.Theauthormentions“aclerk”inParagraph3to_____________［A］showthataclerkisusuallyveryhelpful.［B］indicatetheimportanceofreadingwithapurpose.［C］suggestaclerkmaybeasforgetfulasyouare.［D］exemplifytheharmoniousrelationshipbetweenclerkandcustomer.3.Beforeyoustartreading,itisimportantto________________［A］chooseaninterestingbook.［B］relatetheinformationtoyourpurpose.［C］rememberwhatyouread.［D］makesurewhyyouarereading.4.Readingactivityinvolves_____________［A］onlytwosimultaneousprocess.［B］primarilylearningaboutideasandevaluatingthemcritically.［C］merelydistinguishingbetweenfactsandopinions.［D］mainlydrawingaccurateinferences.5.Agoodreaderisonewho____________［A］relateswhathereadstohisownknowledgeaboutthesubjectmatter.［B］doeslotsofthinkinginhisreading.［C］takesacriticalattitudeinhisreading.［D］isabletocheckthefactspresentedagainstwhathehasalreadyknown.Passage2(15%):Scientistshavediscoveredstrandsofgeneticcodelinkedtoshortsight,themostcommoneyedisorderintheworld.Thefindingsshedlightonwhatgoesawry（犯錯(cuò)的）tomakedistantobjectslookblurred,andraisestheprospectofdevelopingdrugstopreventthecondition.Understandingthebiologicalglitches（故障）behindshort-sightednesscouldhelpresearchersdevelopeyedropsortabletsthatcouldbegiventochildrentostoptheirvisionfromfailingastheygetolder.Short-sightednessusuallystartstomanifestearlyoninlife.Theextenttowhichgenesaretoblamevaries,butforthosewiththeworstvision,around80%oftheconditioniscausedbygeneticfactors.Twoseparatestudies,publishedinNatureGeneticsjournal,foundvariationsinDNAweremorecommoninpeoplewithshortsight.ChrisHammond,atKing'sCollege,London,foundonesectionofDNAonchromosome15wasmorecommoninpeoplewithshortsight.CarolineKlaver,atErasmusMedicalCentreinRotterdam,foundanotherstrand,alsoonchromosome15,linkedtoshortsight.ThevariationsinDNAamounttomisspellingsinthegeneticcode.Thesealtertheactivityofthreegenesthatcontrolthegrowthoftheeyeballandensurelightenteringtheeyeisconvertedintoelectricalpulsesintheretina（視網(wǎng)膜）．Thediscoveryhelpsscientistspiecetogetherhowahealthyeyebecomesshort-sightedandpointsthewaytomedicinestopreventitinchildren."Myhopeisthatwecanidentifyapathwaythatwecanblockwitheyedropsortabletsthatwillstoptheeyegrowingtoomuchandwithoutinterferingwithnormalbraindevelopmentorotherprocessesinthebody,"HammondtoldtheGuardian.Treatingshortsightinadultsisamuchtougherjob,astheireyeballshavealreadygrowntoolong.Childrenwhoinheritgenesforshortsightarenotdestinedtohavepoorvision.In2023,KathrynRoseattheUniversityofSydneylookedatratesofshort-sightednessinChineseschoolchildrenlivinginS