口渴的生理基礎

口渴的生理基礎Thephysiologicalbasisofthirst

1口渴的機制的重要性Waterissomuchapartoflifethatitisimpossibletoimagineaterrestrialorganismnotprovidedwithmechanismstoensuresufficientsupplies.2口渴的機制不清楚3飲水行為的進化原始反射行為飲水個體發(fā)展本能行為飲水4飲水行為分類原發(fā)性飲水繼發(fā)性飲水真正的缺水非真正的缺水5原發(fā)性飲水need-induceddrinkingtwomainregulatorysignalsosmoreceptorsstretchreceptors6原發(fā)性飲水osmoreceptors(I)waterdeprivation(2)administrationofhypertonicsolutionsofsolutesthatdonotenterthecells(3)potassiumdepletion7原發(fā)性飲水stretchreceptorshemorrhage(2)sodiumdepletion(3)vomiting(4)diarrhea(5)removalorsequestrationofextracellularfluidbyvariousmeans8繼發(fā)性飲水Drinkingisnotinducedbyanexistingneedforwaterasinprimarydrinking.口腔咽喉的感受器有關藥物有關行為習慣有關areasonablesurplusofwater9飲水的調控機制Thekidneyanddrinkingbehavior1.First,thekidneyaffectstheamountofwaterinthebody.2.Asecondwayinwhichthekidneymayinfluencedrinkingisbyaffectingtheamountofsoluteinthebody.3.therenin-angiotensinsystem

Thirstcentral10Therenin-angiotensinsystem

therenin-angiotensinsystem11Therenin-angiotensinsystem

12Therenin-angiotensinsystem

13口渴的分型Symptomaticthirst1.Vomiting2.severediarrhea3.truediabetesinsipidus4.DM5.nephrogenicdiabetesinsipidus6.sodiumdepletion7.Potassiumdepletion8.hypercalcemiaLossofbodywaterorelectrolytes往往有益的14口渴的分型Pathologicalthirst1.Primarypolydipsia2.強迫飲水3.高腎素血癥4.高鈣血癥或低鉀血癥5.CHFNormal