青島科技大學基礎英語2009年考研真題

青島科技大學二OO九年碩士研究生入學考試試題考試科目：基礎英語注意事項：1．本試卷共7道大題（共計62個小題），滿分150分；2．本卷屬試題卷，答題另有答題卷，答案一律寫在答題卷上，寫在該試題卷上或草紙上均無效。要注意試卷清潔，不要在試卷上涂劃；3．必須用藍、黑鋼筆或簽字筆答題，其它均無效。﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡﹡I.Vocabulary.(20points)Directions:Inthissection,therearetwentyincompletesentences.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.1.Inprinciple,apersonwhoseconductwascausedbymentaldisordershouldnotbeliabletocriminal___________.A.identificationB.punishmentC.investigationD.commitment2.Thegovernmenthasthereforeagreedtopayauthoritiesextrasumsto__________fortheirfinanciallosses.A.makeupB.turnupC.fillinD.leanon3.In400A.D.Chinesechildrenplayedwithafan-liketoythatspanupwardsandfellbacktoearthas__________ceased.A．emissionB.motivationC.rotationD.suspension4.Asagoodphotographer,youmustdevelopanawarenessoftheworldaroundyouandthepeoplewho___________it.A.integrateB.inheritC.innovateD.inhabit5.Whata_________toseethesetwomensittingdowntodiscusspeaceaftersomanyyearsofbeingatwarwitheachother.A.basisB.similarityC.paradoxD.paradise6.Atthememorialservice,thepriestpaid__________totheprofessor’soutstandingcontributiontomedicalscience.

A.recognitionB.attentionC.tributeD.acknowledgement7.Hewas__________admittancetotheveryformalpartyfornotbeingdressedproperly.A.deniedB.unnoticedC.ignoredD.rejected8.Icouldseeacarinthedistance,butIcouldn’t___________whatcoloritwas.A.seethroughB.makeoutC.lookoutD.takein第1頁（共9頁）9.Goodlightinginfactoriesleadstogreatercomfort,higher____________andproductivity,fewermistakesandaccidents.A.profusionB.proficiencyC.craftD.efficiency10.Corruptionintherunningofthecity’slargestbankwas___________inPeople’sDailyyesterday.A.detectedB.detestedC.exposedD.discovered11.Dreamsare____________inandofthemselves,but,whencombinedwithotherdata,theycantellusmuchaboutthedreamer.A.uninformativeB.startlingC.harmlessD.unregulated12.Thecommissioncriticizedthelegislatureformakingcollegeattendancedependentontheabilitytopay,chargingthat,asaresult,hundredsofqualifiedyoungpeoplewouldbe__________furthereducation.A.entitledtoB.strivingforC.deprivedofD.uninterestedin13.Freudderivedpsychoanalyticknowledgeofchildhoodindirectly:he___________childhoodprocessfromadult____________.A.reconstructed…memoryB.condoned…experienceC.incorporated…behaviorD.released…monotony14.Exposuretosustainednoisehasbeenclaimedto___________bloodpressureinhumanbeingsand,particularly,toincreasehypertension,eventhoughsomeresearchershaveobtainedinclusiveresultsthat____________therelationship.A.sharpen…conflateB.increase…diminishC.disrupt…neutralizeD.impair…obscure15.Ourtimesseemespecially___________tobadideas,probablybecauseinthrowingofftheshacklesoftradition,wehaveendedupbeingquite___________untestedtheoriesanduntriedremedies.A.impervious…tolerantofB.hostile…dependentonC.hospitable…vulnerabletoD.prone…waryof16.Manyoftheearliestcolonialhousesthatarestillstandinghavebeensomodifiedandenlargedthatthe___________designisnolonger___________.A.pertinent…relevantB.initial…discernableC.intended…necessaryD.appropriate…applicable17.Becausenocomprehensive___________existregardingpersonalreadingpractices,wedonotknow,forexample,thegreatestnumberofbooksreadinanindividuallifetime.A.instinctsB.recordsC.remediesD.proposals18.Sincemanycasualsmokersdeveloplungcancerandmany__________smokersdonot,scientistsbelievethatindividualsdifferintheir___________thecancer-causingagentsknowntobepresentincigarettesmoke.A.heavy…susceptibilitytoB.chronic…concernaboutC.habitual…proximitytoD.devoted…relianceupon第2頁（共9頁）19.Ownersofalegalrighttoabookmay__________theirrighttosomeoneelsethroughawrittencontract.A.imitateB.documentC.changeD.transfer20.Peopleofsomeculturewhomovetoacountrywhereanotherculturedominatesmay__________theiroldwaysandbecomepartofthedominantculture.A.takeupB.lookbackatC.clearawayD.giveupII.Paraphrasethefollowingsentences.(20points)1.Theseller,ontheotherhand,makesapointofprotestingthatthepriceheischargingisdeprivinghimallprofit.2.Theveryactofsteppingonthissoil,inbreathingthisairofHiroshima,wasformeafargreateradventurethananytriporanyreportorialassignmentI’dpreviouslytaken.3.IfHitlerinvadedHellIwouldmakeatleastafavorablereferencetotheDevilintheHouseofCommons.4.MarkTwainparticipatedabundantlyinthislife.5.NowIwasinvolvedinatrialreportedtheworldover.III.Pointoutthefiguresofspeechusedinthefollowingsentences.(10points)Heswambravelyagainstthetideofpopularapplause.Theyoungmoonliesonherbacktonightasisherhabitinthetropics,and,asIthink,issuitableifnotseemlyforvirgin.IhadnotemptationtotakeaflyingholidaytotheSouth.Myverythoughtswereliketheghostlyrustleofdead.Heistoofondofthebottle.Theworldisastage.Ascoldwaterstoathirstysoul,soisgoodnewsfromafarcountry.Thelegscouldhardlykeepupwiththetanks.Shewasbeautiful—herbeautymadethebrightworlddim.Myonlylovesprungfrommyonlyhate.IV.Errordetection.(20points)Directions:Inthispart,therearetensentences.EachsentencehasfourunderlinedwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Identifytheoneunderlinedwordorphrasethatmustbechangedinorderforthesentencetobecorrect.1.MaxneverwillhaveletherknowhissecretifhehadthoughtshewoulduseittogethimintoABCDtrouble.2.StonecarvingsindicatethattheSumerians,wholivedinitisnowIraq,boxedatleast5,000ABCDyearsago.第3頁（共9頁）3.TocontrolqualityandmakingdecisionsaboutproductionareamongthemanyresponsibilitiesofABCanindustrialengineer.D4.HisrecommendationthattheAirForceinvestigatestheUFOsightingwasapprovedbytheABCcommissionandreferredtotheappropriatecommittee.D5.ItissaidthatEinsteinfeltverybadlyabouttheapplicationofhistheoriestothecreationofABCDweaponsofwar.6.YouwillalmostalwaysfindCarolineplayingavideogamebecausesheenjoystobechallenged. ABCD7.Theamountofpressurewhichthematerialsaresubjecttoaffectthequalityoftheproducts.ABCD8.Onthewhole,ambitiousstudentsaremuchlikelytosucceedintheirstudiesthanarethosewithABCDlittleambition.9.Becausetheyusuallyreceivethesamescoreonstandardizedexaminations,thereisoftenAdisagreementastowhomisthebetterstudent,BillorJohn.BCD10.Eveniftheyareonsale,theserefrigeratorsareequalinpriceto,ifnotmoreexpensivethan,ABCthatattheotherstore.DV.Readingcomprehension.(30points)Directions:Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestions,andforeachquestiontherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.Choosethebestoneandthenwriteyourchoiceontheanswersheet.PassageOneAmongthemanywaysinwhichpeoplecommunicatethroughspeech,publicspeakinghasprobablyreceivedmorestudyandattractedmoreattentionthananyother.Politicianscampaigningforpublicoffice,salespeoplepresentingproducts,andpreachersdeliveringsermonsalldependuponthisformofpubliccommunication.Evenpeoplewhodonotmakespeakingapartoftheirdailyworkareoftenaskedtomakepublicspeeches:studentsatgraduation,forinstance,ormembersofchurches,clubs,orotherorganizations.Nearlyeveryonespeaksinpublicatsometimeorother,andthosewhoperformthetaskwelloftenbecomeleaders.Therearemanyreasonsforspeakinginpublic.Apublicspeakermayhopetoteachanaudience第4頁（共9頁）aboutnewideas,forexample,orprovideinformationaboutsometopic.Creatingagoodfeelingorentertaininganaudiencemaybeanotherpurpose.Publicspeakers,however,mostoftenseektopersuadeanaudiencetoadoptnewopinions,totakecertainactions,ortoseetheworldinanewway.Publicspeakersusuallyknowhowwellinadvancewhentheyarescheduledtomakeanaddress.Consequently,theyareabletopreparetheirmessagebeforetheydeliverit.Sometimes,though,speakersmustdeliverthemessageunprepared,oroffthecuff,suchaswhentheyareaskedtoofferatoastataweddingreceptionortoparticipateinateleviseddebateorinterview.Whentheydonothavetospeakunpreparedly,mostspeakerswritestheirownspeeches.Politiciansandbusinessexecutivessometimesemployprofessionalwriterswhopreparetheirspeechesforthem.Theseprofessionalwritersmayworkaloneorinsmallteams.Althoughthespeakermayhavesomeinputintothecontentsofthespeech,thewriterssometimeshaveagreatinfluenceovertheopinionsexpressedbytheiremployers.Regardlessofhowaspeechisprepared,thepersonwhodeliversitisgivencreditforitseffectuponitshearers.1.Publicspeakingiswellknowntotheaveragepeoplebecause_____________.A.mostofthemhavebeentrainedaspublicspeakersB.mostofthemhavebeenaudienceofsuchactivitiesC.mostofthemhavetodoitwhentheystudyatcollegeD.thepassagedoesnotmentionthereason2.Whichofthefollowingisrarelythepurposeofpublicspeaking?A.Toinfluencepeople’sideasandbehavior.B.Toenjoythesatisfactionfromone’sownspeech.C.Topersuadetheaudiencetoacceptanidea.D.Topromotepublicinterest.3.InParagraph3,theexpression“deliverthemessageoffthecuff”means____________.A.speakatalargereceptionB.speakontelevisionC.speakaccordingtothescheduleD.speakwithoutpreparation4.Thespeechpreparedbyasecretaryforhisboss_____________.A.isveryprofessionalandtactfulB.expressesthesecretary’sideasofthematterC.expressestheboss’sideasofthematterD.expressestheideasofboth5.Nomatterwhowritesaspeech,theaudience_____________.A.believeitexpressesthespeaker’sideaB.knowverywellwhomthespeakerisC.knowwhoseideasthespeechreallyexpressesD.donotbelievewhatthespeakersays第5頁（共9頁）PassageTwoAprominentgroupofBritishuniversityteachersthisweekcalledonthefundingcouncilstostopsupportinglow-qualityresearchandputmoremoneyintoimprovinguniversityteachinginstead.TheNationalAcademicPolicyAdvisoryGroup,whichincludesmembersfromtheRoyalSociety,theRoyalAcademyofEngineeringandtheConferenceofMedicalRoyalCollege,insiststhatallresearchmoneyshouldbespentonworld-classwork.Thefundingcouncil’sResearchAssessmentExercise(RAE)judgesthequalityofresearchcarriedoutinindividualuniversitydepartments,andratesitonascaleof1to5.Inthelastassessment,in1992,departmentsrankedaslowas2receivedfunding.Thegroupsaysthisshouldnothappeninthisyear’sexercise.Fundingcouncilshavenotyetannouncedhowtheywilldistributemoneyfromnowon.InareportcalledResearchCapabilityoftheUniversitySystemlaunchedthisweekthegroupclaimsthatfundsareneededtopayforthe“professionaldevelopment”ofuniversityteacherswhoarenotactiveinresearch,tohelpthemkeepupwiththeirsubjectandimprovethecoursestheyteach.Itrecommendsthatabout50millions,includingmoneywhichiscurrentlyusedtofundresearchindepartmentsrankedatlevel2,shouldbeusedtopayforthis.ItadvisesthatthemoneyshouldgoonlytothosedepartmentsthatarenotcompetingforresearchmoneythroughtheRAE.Thegroupbelievesthatsomeuniversitieshavebeenexpandingtheirresearchdepartmentsinordertoattractresearchmoney.Someuniversities,itclaims,arebettersuitedtoteachingthanresearch,andshouldbeencouragedtodeveloptheirexpertiseaseducators.“There’snousepretendingthat104universitiesshouldhavethesamejobinlife,”saysDavidHarrison,masterofSelwynCollege,Cambridge,whochairedthegroup.“Auniversitycouldhavesomedepartmentsthatarestrongonresearchandothersthatareknownfortheirtopgradeteaching,”hesays.Butsomepeoplehavesomedoubtsaboutthegroup’srecommendations.“Itseemstobeaboutdevelopingfurtherthedistinctionbetweenresearchandnon-researchuniversities,”saysPaulCottrelloftheAssociationofUniversityTeachers.“Ifprofessionaldevelopmentmoneyisagoodidea,thenit’sagoodideaforalluniversityteachers.”6.TheNationalAcademicPolicyAdvisoryGroupsaysthatthemoneyshouldbegivento_____________.A.alltheteachersB.thebestresearchersC.thebestteachersD.theneedyuniversities7.Whichofthefollowingassessestheresearchqualityofuniversitydepartmentsonthescaleof1to5?A.RAEB.ThegroupC.FundingcouncilsD.Universityteachers第6頁（共9頁）8.Whydoesthegroupdemandthechangesinthedistributionofthefunds?A.Toholdbackfundsforlevel2departmentsB.TohelptheteachersnotactiveinresearchC.ToencouragesometeacherstobebettereducatorsD.Toattractresearchmoney9.WhatdoesDavidHarrisonmeanwhenhesays“thesamejob”(Paragraph6)?A.Alluniversityteachersshoulddoresearch.B.Someteachersshouldbesupportedtoteachbetter.C.Universitiesarepretendingtodothesamejob.D.Teachersshouldteachwell10.Whywillthecallforachangeintheuseofthefundsbeopposed?A.Fundingcouncilsliketodistributethemoneythesamewayasusual.B.Teachersengagedinresearchwillbetoopowerful.C.Top-gradeteachingisalreadywellunderway.D.Moredifferenceswillnotbeappreciatedbetweenresearchandnon-researchuniversities.PassageThreeTheimportanceandfocusoftheinterviewintheworkoftheprintandbroadcastjournalistisreflectedinseveralbooksthathavebeenwrittenonthetopic.Mostofthesebooks,aswellasseveralchapters,mainlyin,butnotlimitedto,journalismandbroadcastinghandbooksandreportingtexts,stressthe“howto”aspectsofjournalisticinterviewingratherthantheconceptualaspectsoftheinterview,itscontext,andimplications.Muchofthe“howto”materialsisbasedonpersonalexperienceandgeneralimpressions.Asweknow,injournalismasinotherfields,muchcanbelearnedfromthesystematicstudyofprofessionalpractice.Suchstudybringstogetherevidencefromwhichbroadgeneralizedprinciplescanbedeveloped.Thereis,ashasbeensuggested,agrowingbodyofresearchliteratureinjournalismandbroadcasting,butverylittlesignificantattentionhasbeendevotedtothestudyoftheinterviewitself.Ontheotherhand,manygeneraltextsaswellasnumerousresearcharticlesoninterviewinginfieldsotherthanjournalismhavebeenwritten.Manyofthesebooksandarticlespresentthetheoreticalandempiricalaspectsoftheinterviewaswellasthetrainingattentiontothejournalisticinterview.Thefactthatthegeneralliteratureoninterviewingdoesnotdealwiththejournalisticinterviewseemstobesurprisingfortworeasons.First,itseemslikelythatmostpeopleinmodernWesternsocietiesaremorefamiliar,atleastinapositivemanner,withjournalisticinterviewingthanwithanyotherformofinterviewing.Mostofusareprobablysomewhatfamiliarwiththeclinicalinterview,suchasthatconductedbyphysiciansandpsychologists.Inthesesituationstheprofessionalpersonorinterviewerisinterestedingettinginformationnecessaryforthediagnosisandtreatmentofthepersonseekinghelp.Anotherfamiliarsituationisthejobinterview.However,veryfewofushaveactuallybeeninterviewedpersonallybythemassmedia,particularlybytelevision.Andyet,wehaveavividacquaintancewiththejournalisticinterviewbyvirtueofour第7頁（共9頁）rolesasreaders,listeners,interviews,requiresthoughtfulanalysesandevenstudy,asthisbookindicates.11.Themainideaofthefirstparagraphisthat_______________.A.generalizedprinciplesforjournalisticinterviewsarethechiefconcernforwritersonjournalismB.importanceshouldbeattachedtothesystematicstudyofjournalisticinterviewingC.conceptsandcontextualimplicationsareofsecondaryimportancetojournalisticinterviewingD.personalexperiencesandgeneralimpressionsshouldbeexcludedfromjournalisticinterviews.12.Muchresearchhasbeendoneoninterviewsingeneral____________.A.sothetrainingofjournalisticinterviewshaslikewisebeenstrengthenedB.though