湖南省郴州市蘇仙區(qū)多校2022-2023學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末線上聯(lián)考測(cè)試英語(yǔ)（解析版）

2022-2023學(xué)年蘇仙區(qū)高二上學(xué)期多校線上期末聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試卷一、選擇題（共20題，每小題2.5分，共50分）第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）略第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ARecentdevelopmenthasmadepossiblemachinesthatprint,cook,andservefoodsonamassscale.Andtheindustryisn'tstoppingthere.FoodproductionWitha3Dprinter,acookcanprintcomplicatedchocolatesculpturesandbeautifulpiecesfordecorationonaweddingcake.Noteverybodycandothat-ittakesyearsofexperience,butaprintermakesiteasy.ArestaurantinSpainusesaFoodinito"re-createformsandpieces"offoodthatare"exactlythesameJfreeingcookstocompleteothertasks.Tnanotherrestaurant,allofthedishesanddessertsitservesare3D-printed,ratherthanfarmtotable.Sustainability（可持續(xù)性）Theglobalpopulationisexpectedtogrowto9.6billionby2050,andsomeanalystsestimatethatfoodproductionwillneedtoberaisedby50percenttomaintaincurrentlevels.Sustainabilityisbecominganecessity.3Dfoodprintingcouldprobablycontributetothesolution.Someexpertsbelieveprinterscouldusehydrocolloids（水解膠體）fromplentifulrenewableslikealgae（藻類）andgrasstoreplacethefamiliaringredients（烹飪?cè)希?3Dprintingcanreducefueluseandemissions.Grocerystoresofthefuturemightstock“fbod”thatlastsyearsonend,freeingupshelfspaceandreducingtransportationandstoragerequirements.NutritionFuture3Dfoodprinterscouldmakeprocessedfoodhealthier.HodLipson,aprofessoratColumbiaUniversity,said,“Foodprintingcouldallowconsumerstoprintfoodwithcustomizednutritionalcontent,likevitamins.Soinsteadofeatingapieceofyesterday'sbreadfromthesupermarket,you'deatsomethingbakedjustforyouondemand.”ChallengesDespiterecentadvancementsin3Dfoodprinting,theindustryhasmanychallengestoovercome.Currently,mostingredientsmustbechangedtoapaste（糊狀物）beforeaprintercanusethem,andtheprintingprocessisquitetime-consuming,becauseingredientsinteractwitheachotherinverycomplexways.Ontopofthat,mostofthe3Dfoodprintersnowarerestrictedtodryingredients,becausemeatandmilkproductsmayeasilygobad.Someexpertsareskepticalabout3Dfoodprinters,believingtheyarebettersuitedforfastfoodrestaurantsthanhomesandhigh-endrestaurants.1.Whatbenefitdoes3Dprintingbringtofoodproduction?A.Ithelpscookstocreatenewdishes.27.A.buyB.catchC.holdD.weigh28.A.worldB.countriesC.EuropeD.states29.A.breadB.cakeC.flourD.vegetable30.A.cookB.eatC.makeD.take31.A.WithB.AsC.BeingD.Like32.A.ofB.fromC.intoD.upto33.A.thesameB.eveiyC.differentD.each34.A.richB.weakC.strongD.poor35.A.meatB.maizeC.breadD.flour【答案】21.B22.B23.C24.D25.A26.D27.B28.B29.AD32.C33.C34.D35.C【解析】30.A31.【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文介紹了不同國(guó)家不同地方的主食?！?1題詳解】考查短語(yǔ)與副詞詞義辨析。句意：有時(shí)他們一天吃兩三次。早餐，午餐和晚餐。A.Sometime（副詞）某時(shí)候；B.Sometimes有時(shí)候（頻率副詞）;C.Sometime一段時(shí)間（短語(yǔ)）;D.Sometimess（短語(yǔ)）兒次，幾倍。根據(jù)上一句"Inmanycountries,peopleeatriceeveryday.（在許多國(guó)家，人們每天都吃米飯。）”可知，本句承接上一句，指有時(shí)候（Sometimes）會(huì)吃米飯，可能在早餐，也可能是在午餐或者晚餐，顯然這里的“有時(shí)候”指的是吃米飯的頻率，因此用頻率副詞Sometimes,故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析句意：他們可以煮，炒，或者把它做成米粉。A.drink喝；B.boil煮；C.have有；D.eat吃。結(jié)合語(yǔ)境及下文ufryitor3itintoricenoodles.v提到了炒著吃或者制成面條，可推知此空處指“煮（boil）”著吃，故選B項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們可以煮，炒，或者把它做成米粉。A.change改變；B.turn轉(zhuǎn)變；C.make做；D.eat吃。短語(yǔ)makeinto意為“把做成”，根據(jù)句意，此處指把米做成（makeinto）米粉，因此，該空處填make。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查介詞與副詞詞義辨析。句意：他們通常和肉、魚和蔬菜一起吃。A.as作為；B.like像；C.together（副詞）和一起；D.with（介詞）和一起。根據(jù)句中umeat,fishandvegetables可知，空格處的意思是“和一起”，介詞with后跟名詞meat,fishandvegetables構(gòu)成介賓結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作狀語(yǔ)，意為“和肉、魚和蔬菜一起”，故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有些人不吃某種肉。A.meat肉；B.fish魚；C.apples蘋果；D.vegetables蔬菜。根據(jù)下一句"Muslinsforexample,donoteatpork,andHindusdonoteatbeef.”可知，穆斯林不吃豬肉，印度教徒不吃牛肉。因此，本句句意為是有些人不吃肉（meat）。故選A項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：日本是一個(gè)島嶼，它的船只在太平洋上到處尋找魚捕魚。A.trains火車；B.planes行星;C.trains火車;D.ships船。根據(jù)uTheJapaneseeatalotoffish.Japanisanisland可知，日本人愛吃魚，日本是一個(gè)島國(guó)，可推知，日本的船(ships)在太平洋上捕魚。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：日本是一個(gè)島嶼，它的船在太平洋上到處尋找魚捕魚。A.buy買；B.catch抓到,捕捉；C.hold抓??；D.weigh稱重量。根據(jù)“TheJapaneseeatalotoffish.Japanisanisland”可矢口，日本人愛吃魚，日本是一個(gè)島國(guó)，可推知，日本的船在太平洋上捕(catch)魚。故選B項(xiàng)。[28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在英國(guó)、澳大利亞和美國(guó)等國(guó)家，最重要的食物是面包或土豆。A.world世界；B.countries國(guó)家；C.Europe歐洲；D.states州。根據(jù)句中“suchasBritain,AustraliaandtheUnitedStates”可知，列舉的都是國(guó)家的名稱，因此，此處指的是國(guó)家(countries)。故選B項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在英國(guó)、澳大利亞和美國(guó)等國(guó)家，最重要的食物是面包或土豆。A.bread面包；B.cake蛋糕；C.flour面粉；D.vegetable蔬菜。根據(jù)下文“Peoplethereusuallymaketheirbreadfromwheatflour.(那里的人通常用小麥粉做面包)”可知，作者列舉的這些國(guó)家，最重要的食物是面包(bread)和土豆。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意:他們用不同的方法煮土豆。A.cook烹飪;B.eat吃;C.make做;D.take拿。根據(jù)下文“Theycanboilthem,frythemandroastthem.(他們可以煮，炸,烤土豆)”可知,作者以上列舉的都是關(guān)于土豆的烹飪(cook)方式。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：像大米和小麥一樣，玉米也是一種谷物。A.With用；B.As作為；CBeing存在，是；D.Like像。根據(jù)“riceandwheat,maizeisakindofcereal”可知，玉米跟小麥和大米都屬于谷物，因此，玉米像(Like)大米和小麥一樣，也是谷物的一種。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查介詞及介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：他們用這種面粉做各種各樣的面包和蛋糕。A.of的；B.from從；C.into(makeinto做成)；D.upto“忙于”。根據(jù)“Africanpeoplemakethemaize”可知，句意表達(dá)面粉做成(makeinto)面包和蛋糕，固定短語(yǔ)makeinto意為“做成”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞。句意:他們用這種面粉做各種各樣的面包和蛋糕。A.thesame同樣的；B.every每一個(gè)；C.different不同的；D.each每一個(gè)。根據(jù)下文ukindsofbreadandcakes.??可知，他們做的面包和蛋糕種類很多，是不同的(different),故選C項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：許多非洲人非常貧窮，他們負(fù)擔(dān)不起太多含有谷類的面包。A.rich富的；B.weak弱的；C.strong強(qiáng)的；D.poor窮的。根據(jù)“theycan'tafford”可知，他們非常窮(poor),故選D項(xiàng)。[35題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：許多非洲人非常貧窮，他們負(fù)擔(dān)不起太多含有谷類的面包。A.meat肉；B.maize玉米；C.bread面包；D.flour面粉。根據(jù)"Fromthisflourtheymake13kindsofbreadandcakes.”可知，非洲人用玉米面做各種各樣的面包和蛋糕，因此，可推知很多非洲人很窮，吃不起含有谷類植物的面包(bread)。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ItwasDragonboatDay.Shinywhitetentslinedthewaterfront,36(provide)shadeandrefreshmentsforDragonBoatpaddlers(槳手)fromalloverCalifornia,37gatheredaroundtheCastaicLakeforafestivecompetition.Gigglingkidsracedcheerfullyalongthelakesidebeach,38theirparentsenjoyingtheshadypicnicareasunderthetreesalongtheshore.“It'sagreatdayout,“saidPaulLin,co-fbunderforCastaic9sownDragonEyesteam.DragonboatracinghasbeengoingonforthousandsofyearsinChina,39(initial)inhonoroftheChinesewaterdragondeity(神)inanefforttocalldownrain40avoidmisfortuneanddisaster.Intherace,adrummer41(use)alargetraditionalwoodendrumtokeepthepaddlersonbeat,whileasteersmaninthebackkeepsthemintheirlane.Linsaidafriendgothim42(involve)indragonboatracingoveradecadeago.In2018,they(decide)tohosttheirownfestival."There^somethingreallyspecialtobelearnedfromourdragonboatmotto:"OneBoat,OneBeat,'"hesaid."Paddlerscomefromallwalksoflifeandthatkindof(close)withpeopleisnowhereelsetobeseen.”“WereallywanttohelpexpandawarenessandgrowthesportJLinsaid."We'rehopingonedayifllbecome45Olympicsport”【答案】36.providing37.who38.withinitiallyand41.usesinvolveddecidedclosenessan【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了在加州卡斯泰克湖舉辦的中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的龍舟比賽?！?6題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：閃亮白色帳篷排列在碼頭，為聚集在卡斯泰克湖周圍來(lái)自加州各地的參加節(jié)日比賽的龍舟槳手提供了陰涼處和點(diǎn)心。分析句子可知，句中有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞“l(fā)ined”，故空格處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，“provide”意為“提供”，動(dòng)詞詞性，“tents”和“provide”為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用“provide”的現(xiàn)在分詞“providing”，作狀語(yǔ)。故填providing?！?7題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：閃亮的白色帳篷排列在碼頭，為聚集在卡斯泰克湖周圍來(lái)自加州各地的參加節(jié)日比賽的龍舟槳手提供了陰涼處和點(diǎn)心。分析句子可知，句子為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為“paddlers”，指人，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞“who”引導(dǎo)從句。故填who?！?8題詳解】考查介詞。句意：咯咯笑的孩子們歡快地沿著湖邊的海灘奔跑，他們的父母在岸邊的樹下享受著陰涼的野餐區(qū)。分析句子可知，句中"theirparentsenjoyingtheshadypicnicareas為with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作狀語(yǔ)，故空格處應(yīng)用“with”，介詞詞性。故填with。【39題詳解】考查副詞。句意：龍舟競(jìng)賽在中國(guó)已有數(shù)千年的歷史，最初是為了紀(jì)念中國(guó)的水龍神，目的是為了求雨，避免不幸和災(zāi)難。分析句子可知，"inhonorof"意為"為了紀(jì)念……”，應(yīng)用副詞修飾，在句中作狀語(yǔ)，“initial”意為“最初的”，形容詞詞性，對(duì)應(yīng)的副詞為“initially”，意為“最初”。故填initiallyo【40題詳解】考查連詞。句意：龍舟競(jìng)賽在中國(guó)已有數(shù)千年的歷史，最初是為了紀(jì)念中國(guó)的水龍神，目的是為了求雨，避免不幸和災(zāi)難。分析句子可知，ucalldownrainv和“avoidmisfortuneanddisaster”之間為并列關(guān)系，都是紀(jì)念中國(guó)的水龍神的目的，應(yīng)用連詞“and”連接，表并列。故填and。[41題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：在比賽中，鼓手使用一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)的大木鼓來(lái)保持槳手的節(jié)奏，而后面的舵手則讓他們保持在自己的航道上。分析句子可知，句子陳述的是客觀事實(shí)，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，“use”意為“使用”，動(dòng)詞詞性，“drummer”為可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，故應(yīng)用“use”的三單形式“uses”。故填uses?！?2題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：林說(shuō)，十多年前，一位朋友讓他參與了龍舟比賽。分析句子可知，句中有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞“got”，故空格處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，“involve”意為“參加”，動(dòng)詞詞性，“him”和“involve”為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用“involve”的過(guò)去分詞“involved”,作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。故填involved?！?3題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：2018年，他們決定舉辦自己節(jié)日。根據(jù)句中“In2018”可知，句子陳述的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，“decide”意為“決定”，動(dòng)詞詞性，過(guò)去式為“decided”。故填decided?！?4題詳解】考查名詞。句意：槳手來(lái)自各行各業(yè)，這種與人的親密關(guān)系在其他任何地方都看不到。分析句子可知，介詞“of”后應(yīng)用名詞，在句中作主語(yǔ)，“close”意為“親密的”，形容詞詞性，對(duì)應(yīng)的名詞為ucloseness,意為“親密”，為不可數(shù)名詞。故填closeness。【45題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：我們希望有一天它會(huì)成為一項(xiàng)奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)。分析句子可知，句中泛指一項(xiàng)奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)，空格處應(yīng)用不定冠詞，“Olympic”音標(biāo)的第一個(gè)音素為元音音素，故應(yīng)用不定冠詞“an”。故填ano第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46.“青春有幾年，疫情占三年”，三年疫情你有怎樣的思考與理解？請(qǐng)結(jié)合親身事例，寫一篇80詞左右的文章。開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。Asthewordgoes,"Youthhasafewyears,andtheepidemicaccountsforthreeyears”.【答案】Asthewordgoes,"Youthhasafewyears,andtheepidemicaccountsfbrthreeyears”.Three-yearepidemicended,butmanymovingstoriesaroundusarestillfreshinmymind.Facedwiththeepidemic,everyonedidtheirbest.Ourteacherswhowerequarantinedawayfromhometaughtlessonsduringtheday,andhelpeduswithourhomeworkafterschool,givingussupportandmakinguspositive.Withtheirhelp,wecouldstudyinpeace.Theepidemicisover.Althoughithasbroughtsorrowtous,itseemsthateveryonevalueslifemore.Asstudents,wetreasuretheopportunitytolearn.【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于開放作文，要求考生結(jié)合親身事例來(lái)談?wù)勀銓?duì)三年疫情有怎樣的思考與理解?！驹斀狻?,詞匯積累結(jié)束：end一cometoanend令人感動(dòng)的：moving一touching珍惜：treasure一cherish機(jī)會(huì)：opportunity—>chance2.句式拓展同義句轉(zhuǎn)換原句：Three-yearepidemicended,butmanymovingstoriesaroundusarestillfreshinmymind.拓展句：Althoughthethree-yearepidemicended,manymovingstoriesaroundusarestillfreshinmymind.【點(diǎn)睛】[高分句型1]Ourteacherswhowerequarantinedawayfromhometaughtlessonsduringtheday,andhelpeduswithourhomeworkafterschool,givingussupportandmakinguspositive.（運(yùn)用了who弓I導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句）[高分句型2]Althoughithasbroughtsorrowtous,itseemsthateveryonevalueslifemore.（運(yùn)用了although弓|導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句）第二節(jié)（滿分25分）47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Michaelisthekindofguywhomyouwouldliketogetalongwith.Heisalwaysinagoodmoodandalwayshassomethingpositivetosay.Whensomeoneaskshimhowheisdoing,hewillreply,“IfIwereanybetter,I'dbetwins!”Heisanaturalmotivator（激勵(lì)者）.Ifanemployeewashavingabadday,Michaelwastheretellingtheemployeehowtoseethepositivesideofthesituation.Seeingthisstylereallymademecurious,soonedayIaskedMichael,6idon'tgetit.Youcan'tbepositiveallthetime.Howdoyoumakeit?”Michaelreplied,"EachmorningIwakeupandsaytomyself'Mike,youhavetwochoicestoday.Youcanchoosetobeinagoodmoodoryoucanchoosetobeinabadmood.91choosetobeinagoodmood.Eachtimesomethingbadhappens,Icanchoosetobeavictim（受害者）orchoosetolearnfromit.Ichoosetolearnfromit.Everytimesomeonecomestomecomplaining,IcanchoosetoaccepttheircomplainingorIcanpointoutthepositivesideoflife.Ichoosethepositivesideoflife.“Itisn'teasy,"Iprotested（表示異議）.Michaelsaid,“Yes,itis.Lifeisallaboutchoices.Whenyoucutawayallthejunk,everysituationisachoice.Youchoosehowyoureacttothesesituations.Youchoosehowpeoplewillaffectyourmood.Youchoosetobeinagoodmoodorbadmood.Thebottomlineis:Ifsyourchoicehowyouliveyourlifb.”IreflectedonwhatMichaelsaidandrealisedthathewasright.Althoughsometimeswecan'tchoosewhatwearegoingtofaceinourlife.【答案JIreflectedonwhatMichaelsaidandrealisedthathewasright.Itisreallysillytobeinabadmood.Andcomplainingcannotchangethesituationatall.IshouldlearnfromMichael.ThatistosayIshouldlearntomakeawisechoicewhilefacingvariousproblemsinmylife.Fromnowon,Iwillstopcomplainingorallowingmyselfinabadmood.Iwilltrymybesttobepositive.Althoughsometimeswecan'tchoosewhatwearegoingtofaceinourlife,wecanchoosehowwefaceourlife.Nomatterwhatsituationwearein,weshouldbepositiveandreactactively.Sinceit'suselessputtingourselvesinabadmood,whynotbeinagoodmood?Itiswisetofacewhateverwemeetinourlifepositively.Anditisbettertoaffectthepeoplearounduswithourpositiveattitudes.【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)］本文以人物為線索展開，講述了Michael是個(gè)積極樂(lè)觀的人，每天都保持好心情，作者對(duì)此感到很好奇，于是問(wèn)他是如何做到的。Michael告訴作者人生充滿了選擇，如何生活是自己的選擇?！驹斀狻?.段落續(xù)寫：①由第一段首句內(nèi)容“我回想了一下Michael說(shuō)的話，意識(shí)到他是對(duì)的?！笨芍?，第一段可描寫作者認(rèn)為Michael說(shuō)的話是對(duì)的，所以決定要向Michael學(xué)習(xí)，以后要停止抱怨，每天要積極樂(lè)觀。②由第二段首句內(nèi)容“雖然有時(shí)候我們無(wú)法選擇我們將要面對(duì)的生活，”可知，第二段可描寫我們無(wú)法選擇我們將要面對(duì)的生活，但是可以選擇如何面對(duì)生活一一要積極樂(lè)觀地面對(duì)生活。2,續(xù)寫線索：認(rèn)同Michael的話一一向Michael學(xué)習(xí)——停止抱怨，積極樂(lè)觀——感悟3.詞匯激活行為類①面對(duì)：face/befacedwith②作出反應(yīng)：react/respond③遇至I」：meet/encounter情緒類①樂(lè)觀的：positive/optimistic②積極地：actively/energetically【點(diǎn)睛】［高分句型1］.ThatistosayIshouldlearntomakeawisechoicewhilefacingvariousproblemsinmylife.（由while引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句的省略）［高分句型2|.Nomatterwhatsituationwearein,weshouldbepositiveandreactactively.（由nomatterwhat弓I導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句）［高分句型3］.Itiswisetofacewhateverwemeetinourlifepositively.（whatever引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句）Itsavestimeandeffortincooking.Itimprovesthecookingconditions.D.Itcontributestorestaurantdecorations.Whatcanwelearnabout3DfoodprintingfromParagraphs3?Itsolvesfoodshortageseasily.Itquickensthetransportationoffood.Itneedsnospaceforthestorageoffood.Itusesrenewablematerialsassourcesoffood.AccordingtoParagraph4,3D-printedfood.A.ismoreavailabletoconsumerscanmeetindividualnutritionalneedsismoretastythanfoodinsupermarketscankeepallthenutritioninrawmaterials【答案】l.B2.D3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了3D打印技術(shù)的新發(fā)展——打印食物，并詳細(xì)介紹了與3D打印相關(guān)的食品生產(chǎn)、可持續(xù)發(fā)展、營(yíng)養(yǎng)以及挑戰(zhàn)。【1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Foodproduction部分下的“Witha3Dprinter,acookcanprintcomplicatedchocolatesculpturesandbeautifulpiecesfordecorationonaweddingcake.Noteverybodycandothat-ittakesyearsofexperience,butaprintermakesiteasy.ArestaurantinSpainusesaFoodinito"re-createformsandpieces,,offoodthatare"exactlythesame/5freeingcookstocompleteothertasks.（通過(guò)3D打印機(jī)，廚師可以打印出復(fù)雜的巧克力雕塑和漂亮的蛋糕裝飾品。不是每個(gè)人都能做到這一點(diǎn)——這需要多年的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，但打印機(jī)可以讓它變得簡(jiǎn)單。西班牙的一家餐廳使用Foodini來(lái)“重新創(chuàng)造”“完全相同”的食物形式和片段，讓廚師們有時(shí)間完成其他任務(wù)。）”可推斷出，3D打印技術(shù)能節(jié)省廚師烹飪的時(shí)間和精力，故選B。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Someexpertsbelieveprinterscouldusehydrocolloids（水解膠體）fromplentifulrenewableslikealgae（藻類）andgrasstoreplacethefamiliaringredients（烹飪?cè)希?（一些專家認(rèn)為，打印機(jī)可以使用來(lái)自大量可再生能源，如藻類和草類的親水膠體來(lái)取代人們熟悉的成分。）”可知，3D食品打印使用可再生材料作為食物來(lái)源。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“"Foodprintingcouldallowconsumerstoprintfoodwithcustomizednutritionalcontent,likevitamins.”（“食品打印可以讓消費(fèi)者打印出定制營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分的食品，如維生素?！埃笨芍?D食品打印能滿足個(gè)人的營(yíng)養(yǎng)需求，故選B。BWhenAnikaPurivisitedIndiawithherfamilyfouryearsago,shewassurprisedtocomeacrossamarketinBombayfilledwithrowsofivoryjewelry（象牙飾品）andstatues.Globally,ivorytradehasbeenillegalformore

than30years,andelephanthuntinghasbeenprohibitedinIndiasincethe1970s.“Iwasquiteshocked,“the17-year-oldfromNewYork,recalls,"Becausepoaching（偷獵）isillegal,howcomeitisstillsuchabigissue?”Curious,Purididsomeresearchanddiscoveredashockingstatistic:Africa'sforestelephantpopulationhaddeclinedbyabout62percentbetween2002and2011.Yearslater,thenumberscontinuedtodrop.Puri,awildlifelover,wantedtodosomethingtohelpprotectthespeciesandothersstillthreatenedbypoaching.Overthecourseoftwoyears,PuricreatedElSa,alow-costproductofamachinelearning-drivensoftwarethatanalyzesmovementpatternsinthermalinfrared（熱紅夕卜）videosofhumansandelephants.Purisaysthesoftwareisfourtimesmoreaccuratethanexistingstate-of-the-artdetectionmethods.Italsoeliminatestheneedforexpensivehigh-definitionthermalcameras,whichcancostthousands,shesays.ElSausesa$250FLIRONEProthermalcamerawith206*156resolutionthatplugsintoanoff-the-shelfiPhone6.ThecameraandiPhonearethenattachedtoadrone（無(wú)人機(jī)），andthesystemproducesreal-timeinferencesasitfliesoverparksastowhetherobjectsbelowarehumansorelephants.ItspotentialimpactonsocietyearnedherthePeggyScrippsAwardforScienceCommunication."Researchisn'tastraightline9^^Purisays."Itmakesmeresourceful.Ithelpsmedevelopintoamorecreativethinker.^^WhatinspiredAnikaPuritomaketheinvention?A.OnestudytriptoBombay.B.Thedeeppassionforlaw.C.OnevisitinIndia.D.Herloveforivory.HowdoestheauthorexplainthesituationofAfrica'sforestelephant?A.Bylistingfigures.C.Byshowinganexample.A.Bylistingfigures.C.Byshowinganexample.WhafstheresearchlikeinAnikaPuri'seyes?A.It'stoughandcan'treachthegoal.C.Itreallyrequiresavarietyofresources.Whatmaybethebesttitleofthetext?PoachingIsaShockingProblemDronesWereAppliedtotheBanonPoachingBymakingcomparison.D.Byreferringtosomeformerstudies.It'sbeneficialtoone'sdevelopment.D.Itshouldbefurtherdevelopedbecauseoftheneed.AFantasticDiscoveryWasEventuallyMadebyaBrilliantTeenagerATeenagerInventedaLow-CostTooltoSpotElephantPoachersinRealTime【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了主人公AnikaPuri在與家人外出旅行中偶然間發(fā)現(xiàn)盜獵大象的現(xiàn)象，于是她通過(guò)觀察和研究，發(fā)明了ElSa軟件來(lái)幫助保護(hù)大象。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“WhenAnikaPurivisitedIndiawithherfamilyfouryearsago,shewassurprisedtocomeacrossamarketinBombayfilledwithrowsofivoryjewelry（象牙飾品）andstatues.Globally,ivorytradehasbeenillegalformorethan30years,andelephanthuntinghasbeenprohibitedinIndiasincethe1970s.（四年前，當(dāng)AnikaPuri和家人一起訪問(wèn)印度時(shí)，她驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)孟買的一個(gè)市場(chǎng)里擺滿了成排的象牙珠寶和雕像。在全球范圍內(nèi)，象牙貿(mào)易30多年來(lái)一直是非法的，自20世紀(jì)70年代以來(lái)，印度就禁止獵殺大象。）”以及第三段中uPuri,awildlifelover,wantedtodosomethingtohelpprotectthespeciesandothersstillthreatenedbypoaching.（AnikaPuri是一名野生動(dòng)物愛好者，她想做點(diǎn)什么來(lái)幫助保護(hù)這些物種和其他仍然受到偷獵威脅的物種。）”可知，當(dāng)AnikaPuri和家人一起訪問(wèn)印度時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)了市場(chǎng)里擺滿了成排的象牙珠寶和雕像，由此激發(fā)了她要做點(diǎn)什么來(lái)保護(hù)大象。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Curious,Purididsomeresearchanddiscoveredashockingstatistic:Africa'sforestelephantpopulationhaddeclinedbyabout62percentbetween2002and2011.Yearslater,thenumberscontinuedtodrop.（出于好奇，Puri做了一些研究，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)令人震驚的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)：2002年至2011年間，非洲森林象的數(shù)量下降了約62%。多年后，這一數(shù)字繼續(xù)下降。）”可知，作者通過(guò)列舉數(shù)字的方式介紹了非洲森林象的情況。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Purisays."Itmakesmeresourceful.Ithelpsmedevelopintoamorecreativethinker「（Puri說(shuō)“這讓我足智多謀。它幫助我成長(zhǎng)為一個(gè)更有創(chuàng)造力的思考者?！保笨芍?，在Puri看來(lái)，研究讓她變得足智多謀，讓她成長(zhǎng)為一個(gè)更有創(chuàng)造力的思考者，即科學(xué)研究對(duì)一個(gè)人的發(fā)展是有益的。故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，文章講述了主人公AnikaPuri在與家人外出旅行中偶然間發(fā)現(xiàn)盜獵大象的現(xiàn)象，于是她通過(guò)觀察和研究，發(fā)明了ElSa軟件來(lái)幫助保護(hù)大象的故事。故D選項(xiàng)“ATeenagerInventedaLow-CostTooltoSpotElephantPoachersinRealTime（一名青少年發(fā)明了一種低成本的工具，可以實(shí)時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)大象偷獵者）”概括全文，適合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。COnedaywhenIwasfive,mymotherscoldedmefornotfinishingmyriceandIgotangry.Iwantedtoplayoutsideandnotbemadetofinisheatingmyoldrice.Inmyangrymovementtoopenthescreendoorwithmyfoot,Ihadkickedbackabouta12-inchpartofthelowerlefthandcornerofthenewscreendoor.ButIhadnoremorse,forIwashappytobeplayinginthebackyardwithmytoys.Today,IknowifmychildhaddonewhatIdid,Iwouldhavescoldedmychild,andtoldhimabouthowexpensivethisnewscreendoorwas,andIwouldhavedeliveredaspankingforsuchbehavior.Myparentsneversaidaword.Theyleftthecornerofthescreendoorbe,creatinganopening,abreach（裂縫）inthedefenseagainstunwantedinsects.Foryears,everytimeIsawthatcornerofthescreen,itwouldconstantlyremindmeofmymistake.ForyearsIknewthateveryoneinmyfamilywouldseethatholeandrememberwhodidit.Foryears,everytimeIsawaflybuzzinginthekitchen,IwouldwonderifitcameinthroughtheholethatIhadcreatedwithmyangryfoot.Iwouldwonderifmyfamilymemberswerethinkingthesamething,silentlyblamingmeeverytimeaflyinginsectenteredourhome,makinglifemoreterribleforusall.Myparentstaughtmeavaluablelesson,onethataspankingorstern（嚴(yán)厲的）wordsperhapscouldnotdeliver.Theirsilentpunishmentformybehaviordeliveredahundredsternmessagestome.Aboveall,ithashelpedmebecomeamorepatientpersonandnotburstoutsoeasily.Theunderlinedword"remorse-inParagraph1mostprobablymeans.A.injuryB.senseC.regretD.noticeWhentheauthordamagedthedoor,hisparents.A.scoldedhimforhisbadbehaviorB.gavehimaspankingC.toldhimhowexpensiveitwasD.leftthedoorunrepairedHowdidtheauthorfeeleverytimehesawthedamageddoor?Hefeltitdestroyedthehappyatmosphereathishome.Hefoundthathisfamilymembersnolongerlikedhim.Hefeltashamedofhisuncontrolledangeratthattime.Hefelthehadtoworkhardtomakeupforthedamage.Whatisthemainideaofthistext?Silentpunishmentmayhaveabettereffectoneducatingpeople.Whatthebestwaytobecomeamorepatientpersonis.Adultsshouldignoretheirchildren'sbadbehavior.Parentsarethebestteachersoftheirchildren.【答案】8.C9.D10.C11.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。作者親身經(jīng)歷從父母那里得到了一個(gè)啟迪：沉默的懲罰可能對(duì)教育人們有更好的效果?！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)foriwashappytobeplayinginthebackyardwithmytoys,和But可知,我并不后悔。由此推知?jiǎng)澗€詞的意思是“后悔”。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中Theyleftthecornerofthescreendoorbe,creatinganopening,abreach（裂縫）inthedefenseagainstunwantedinsects.“他們把紗門的一角留了下來(lái)?！庇纱送浦?，當(dāng)作者把門弄壞時(shí)，他的父母沒有把門修好。故選D。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中Foryears,everytimeIsawaflybuzzinginthekitchen,IwouldwonderifitcameinthroughtheholethatIhadcreatedwithmyangryfoot.可知，作者每次看到那扇損壞的門時(shí)他為那時(shí)自己無(wú)法控制的憤怒而感到羞愧。故選C?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段Myparentstaughtmeavaluablelesson,onethataspankingorstern（嚴(yán)厲的）wordsperhapscouldnotdeliver.Theirsilentpunishmentformybehaviordeliveredahundredsternmessagestome.Aboveall,ithashelpedmebecomeamorepatientpersonandnotburstoutsoeasily.“我的父母給我上了寶貴的一課，一個(gè)用打屁股或嚴(yán)厲的語(yǔ)言可能無(wú)法表達(dá)的教訓(xùn)。他們對(duì)我的行為進(jìn)行了無(wú)聲的懲罰，向我傳達(dá)了上百條嚴(yán)厲的信息。最重要的是，它幫助我成為一個(gè)更有耐心的人，不那么容易爆發(fā)“?？芍?，沉默的懲罰可能對(duì)教育人們有更好的效果。故選A?！军c(diǎn)睛】做推理判斷題時(shí)，要求考生在閱讀時(shí)，要抓住文章的主題和細(xì)節(jié)，分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)上下文內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，挖掘文章的深層含義。在進(jìn)行推理時(shí)，考生一定耍仔細(xì)閱讀短文，千萬(wàn)不可脫離原文而僅憑個(gè)人的看法，主觀臆斷。本題第3小題，根據(jù)第三段中Foryears,everytimeIsawaflybuzzinginthekitchen,IwouldwonderifitcameinthroughtheholethatIhadcreatedwithmyangryfoot.可知，作者每次看到那扇損壞的門時(shí)他為那時(shí)自己無(wú)法控制的憤怒而感到羞愧。故選CoDFacialrecognitioncamerasareeverywhere,includinginyoursmartphone.Manypeoplerelyonthistechnologytounlocktheirphones,opendoorsormakequickpayments,butthereisaproblem:Everyoneiswearingmask.Whatahassle!Now,techcompanieshaveupdatedtheirsoftware.Facialrecognitiontechnologycannowidentifypeopleeveniftheyarewearingamask.Beijing-basedtechcompanyHanwanghasannouncedasoftwarewhichcancorrectlyrecognize95percentofpeoplewearingmasks,Engineering&Technology(E&T)reported.Whafsthesecret?It'sallaboutyoureyes.MariosSavvides,aprofessoratCarnegieMellonUniversity,US,studiesfacialrecognitiontechnology."Aswegetolder,“hesaid,“ourfaceschangeshape,butnottheareaaroundoureyes.Itstaysthesame一evenifweputonweight.”Anothercompanyhasalsobeenworkingonthiskindofsoftware.Tech5hasAIthatmeasurestheshapeofyourface.Italsoscansyouriris(thecoloredpartofyoureyes).Tech5hopestoignoreallofthefacebelowthenose.Facialrecognitionsoftwareisaboutmorethanjustunlockingyourphone.It9saboutpublicsafety.Contact-freeverification(驗(yàn)證)hasbecomeextremelyimportantduetotheCOVID-19.Morethanthat,facialrecognitioncanbeusedtofightcrime(犯罪)."Itcandetectcrimesuspects,“saidHuangLei,Hanwang'spresident.Hanwang\technologyisusedbypoliceinhigh-securitysettings.Thismeansplaceslikegovernmentbuildings,subwaystationsandairports.Huangadmitsonebigweaknessofthisnewtechnology:Itfailswhenpeoplewearbothmasksandsunglasses."Inthissituation,allofthekeyfacialinformationislost,butIamconvincedthatwecanovercometheweaknessinthefuture,saidHuang.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"hassle“inparagraph1mean?A.habit.B.rule.C.trouble.D.resource.Whatmakesfacialrecognitionsoftwareabletoidentifypeoplewearingmasks?A.Theforehead.B.Thefacialexpression.C.Theshapeofface.D.Theeyeregion.WhatisHuangLei'sattitudetowardsthefacialrecognitionsoftware?A.Negative.B.Favorable.C.Opposed.D.Doubtful.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthenewtechnologyfromthelastparagraph?Thereisroomforimprovementinit.B.Itcannotstorekeyfacialinformation.C.Itwilllosepopularityinthefuture.D.Itwon'tworkifpeoplewearglasses.【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹一種不需要摘口罩就能面部識(shí)別的軟件?！?2題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段前兩句話uFacialrecognitioncamerasareeverywhere,includinginyoursmartphone.Manypeoplerelyonthistechnologytounlocktheirphones,opendoorsormakequickpayments,butthereisaproblem:Everyoneiswearingmask.(面部識(shí)別攝像頭無(wú)處不在，包括智能手機(jī)。許多人依靠這項(xiàng)技術(shù)解鎖手機(jī)、開門或快速付款，但有一個(gè)問(wèn)題：每個(gè)人都戴著口罩。)”可知，由于現(xiàn)在人人都帶著口罩，所以人臉識(shí)別相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)“更麻煩了”，所以劃線單詞hassle的意思，是“麻煩的"。故選C。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段uBeijing-basedtechcompanyHanwanghasannouncedasoftwarewhichcancorrectlyrecognize95percentofpeoplewearingmasks,Engineering&Technology(E&T)reported.What'sthesecret?Wsallaboutyoureyes.(據(jù)工程與技術(shù)(E&T)報(bào)道，總部位于北京的科技公司漢旺(Hanwang)發(fā)布了一款軟件，該軟件可以正確識(shí)別95%戴面具的人。秘密是什么？都是因?yàn)槟愕难劬Α?”可知，是眼睛讓在戴面具時(shí)也可識(shí)別面部。故選D?！?4題詳解推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段黃磊說(shuō)的話“Itcandetectcrimesuspects/9saidHuangLei,Hanwang^president.Hanwang'stechnologyisusedbypoliceinhigh-securitysettings.Thismeansplaceslikegovernmentbuildings,subwaystationsandairports.Huangadmitsonebigweaknessofthisnewtechnology:Itfailswhenpeoplewearbothmasksandsunglasses.C6Inthissituation,allofthekeyfacialinformationislost,butIbelievewecanovercometheweaknessinthefuture/9saidHuang(“它可以發(fā)現(xiàn)犯罪嫌疑人，”漢旺總裁黃磊表示。漢旺的技術(shù)被警方用于高度安全的環(huán)境中。這意味著像政府大樓、地鐵站和機(jī)場(chǎng)這樣的地方。黃承認(rèn)這項(xiàng)新技術(shù)的一大弱點(diǎn)：當(dāng)人們同時(shí)戴口罩和太陽(yáng)鏡時(shí)，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)就失敗了。黃說(shuō)：“在這種情況下，所有關(guān)鍵的面部信息都會(huì)丟失，但我相信我們可以在未來(lái)克服這個(gè)弱點(diǎn)?？芍S磊對(duì)這項(xiàng)技術(shù)是非常贊成支持的，所以可推知他對(duì)這項(xiàng)技術(shù)持積極的態(tài)度。故選B【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段黃磊說(shuō)的話“Huangadmitsonebigweaknessofthisnewtechnology:Itfailswhenpeoplewearbothmasksandsunglasses."Inthissituation,allofthekeyfacialinformationislost,butIbelievewecanovercometheweaknessinthefuture,“saidHuang.(黃承認(rèn)這項(xiàng)新技術(shù)的一大弱點(diǎn)：當(dāng)人們同時(shí)戴口罩和太陽(yáng)鏡時(shí)，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)就失敗了。黃說(shuō)：“在這種情況下，所有關(guān)鍵的面部信息都會(huì)丟失，但我相信我們可以在未來(lái)克服這個(gè)弱點(diǎn)。可推知，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)還需改善。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Flu（流感）canbeverydangerousalthoughinmostpeopletheillnessmaylastonlyaweekortwo.Gettingafluvaccine（疫苗）everyyearisthebestwaytopreventgettingtheflu.16Recognizeflusymptoms（癥狀）.Beforeyoucaneffectivelytreattheflu,makesurethat'swhatyouactuallyhave.17Commonsymptomsoffluincludeseriouscough,sorethroat,feverabove100F,headaches,weaknessandsoonwhi