連詞用法講解

（一）并列連詞：

并列連詞可用來連接詞與詞，詞組與詞組，分句與分句。常用的并列連詞有：and（和），aswellas（既…又），both…and（不但…而且），notonly…butalso（不但…而且），not…but（不是…而是），neither…nor（既不…也不），either…or（不是…就是），or（或者），but（但是），yet（然而），for（因為），so（所以），while（而），when（這時）等。如：Bothmybrotherandmysisterareteachers./Hisroomisbrightbutmineisgloomy（暗沉沉的）.Hecannotonlyrepairradiosbutalsofixthem./Itisaglorious（光榮的）yetdifficulttask.第一頁，共41頁。（二）從屬連詞從屬連詞是指在復(fù)合句中引導(dǎo)從句的連結(jié)詞。常見的從屬連詞有：引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的：after,before,when,as,while,since,until,till,assoonas引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句的：because,since,as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的：although,though,nomatter（無論）,evenif(though)引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的：if,unless,once,so(as)longas

第二頁，共41頁。引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的：so…that…,such…that…引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句的：sothat…,inorderthat…引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句的：as…as…,notso(as)…as…,…than…引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句的：asif…引導(dǎo)主語，賓語或表語從句的連詞主要有：that,whether,if三個。其中that和whether有時候還可以引起同位從句和狀語從句。第三頁，共41頁。（三）某些用法比較特殊的從屬連詞用法區(qū)別1.當(dāng)while,when,as引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句時的區(qū)別：①while引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中動詞必須是持續(xù)性。謂語動詞多為進(jìn)行時，或狀態(tài)動詞的一般時。while的這些用法可用when代替，等于“atthetimethat”,“duringthetimethat”。例如：Pleasekeepquietwhile(when)othersarestudying；②when除可指一段時間外，還可用來指一點(diǎn)時間，等于“atthetime”，也就是說when引出的時間狀語從句中的謂語動詞可以是終止性的，也可以延續(xù)性的。因此主句和從句的謂語可以是一般時，進(jìn)行時，或完成時。例如：第四頁，共41頁。WhenIwentintothelab,theteacherwasdoinganexperiment.（when不能換成while、HeoftenmakesmistakeswhenheisspeakingEnglish.（when可換成while）③as?？膳cwhen，while通用，但強(qiáng)調(diào)“一邊、一邊”。例如：As(when,while)Iwaswalkingdownthestreet,InoticedapolicecarinfrontofNumber37.第五頁，共41頁。④when引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中的主語與主句主語一致，從句中是“主語+be動詞”結(jié)構(gòu)時，這時主語和be動詞可以省略。例如：When(hewas)young,heworkedforarichman.

⑤when有時代替if，引導(dǎo)條件句，意為“如果”、“假如”，例如：I’llcomewhen(if)I’mfree.第六頁，共41頁。2、before的特殊用法before作連詞一般表示時間，意為“在…之前”，但有些句子中這樣譯就顯得別扭。試看以下句子的翻譯：Healmostknockedmedownbeforehesawme.他幾乎把我撞倒才看見我；BeforeIcouldgetinawordhehadmeasuredme.我還沒來得及插話，他已經(jīng)給我量好了尺寸。拓展：有關(guān)before特殊句型用法第七頁，共41頁。1）Itwill(not)be+時間段+before+從句（現(xiàn)在時）意思是“要過一段時間才…/用不了多長時間就…”Itwillnotbelongbeforewemeet.要不了多久我們就會見面的。Itwillbe5daysbeforeyougetyourlicence.你還有5天時間就拿到證來了2）Itwas(not)+時間段+before+從句（過去時），意思是“過了一段時間才…/沒過一段時間就…”Itwasnotlongbeforeourhometownwasliberated沒過多久我們的城鎮(zhèn)就解放了。第八頁，共41頁。3、till,until用法區(qū)別用于否定句時，結(jié)構(gòu)為not…until(till)，主句謂語動詞延續(xù)與非延續(xù)都可以，意為“直到…才…”。用于肯定句時，只與延續(xù)性動詞連用，表示“到…為止”。例如：Theyplayed（延續(xù)性動詞）volleyballuntil(till)itgotdark.Hedidn’tgotobed（非延續(xù)性動詞）until(till)thehisfathercameback.；第九頁，共41頁。until可以放在句首，till則不行，例如：Untilthelastminuteofthematchwekeptonplaying.在notuntil引導(dǎo)的倒裝句中，不用till,如：Notuntilhefinishedhisworkdidhegohome.（倒裝）；till,until只用于時間，以下句子是錯誤的：Wewalkeduntil/tilltheedgeoftheforest.（要用asfaras或to表達(dá)）。第十頁，共41頁。4、because,since,as引導(dǎo)原因狀語時注意使用上的區(qū)別：①如果原因是構(gòu)成句子的最主要部分,一般用because,因此because引導(dǎo)的從句往往放在句末。用why提問的句子，一定用because回答。例如：Hehadtostayathomeyesterdaybecausehewasill.；②如原因已為人們所知，或不如句子的其他部分重要，就用as，或since。since比as更正式些。as和since引導(dǎo)的從句一般放在句子的開頭。一般情況下as譯成“由于”，since譯成“既然”第十一頁，共41頁。例如：Asyouaretired,youhadbetterrest.Sinceeveryoneishere,nowlet’sbegin.5、although和thoughalthough和though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句往往用法一樣，但注意以下區(qū)別：①although用于各種文體，而though則多用于非正式的口語或書面語中。注意由although,though引導(dǎo)的從句后，主句不能用but，但可用副詞yet,still。例如：Although/Thoughitrainedallthemorning,theystillwentonworking.（或yettheywentonworking）第十二頁，共41頁。②though常與even連用，構(gòu)成eventhough短語，eventhough表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，意為“即使”，但不能說evenalthough，例如：EventhoughIdidn’tunderstandaword,Ikeptsmiling.③though可用作副詞，意為“可是，然而”，常用逗號與句子分開。例如：Itwasaquietparty,Ihadagoodtime,though.although則不能這樣使用，它只作連詞。第十三頁，共41頁。6、once用法once作副詞譯“曾經(jīng)”，作為連詞譯“一旦”，引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。相當(dāng)于if的加強(qiáng)形式。例如：Idon’tbelievehewasonceathief.(once這里是副詞)OnceAristotlehadmadeuphismindthatheavyobjectsalwaysfellfasterthanlightobjects,hetaughtitasatruthtohisstudents.(once連詞)第十四頁，共41頁。7、unless引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句等于if…not…。例如：He’llacceptthejobunlessthesalaryistoolow.=He’llacceptthejobifthesalaryisnottoolow.看下列這道題Hehadneverbeenpraisedbefore___hewenttouniversity.AunlessB.untilC.whenD,ifB.Until從句中時態(tài)：主將從現(xiàn)第十五頁，共41頁。8、在用asif引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句及表語從句中，根據(jù)情況要使用虛擬語氣。例如：Hetalksasifheknewallaboutit.但有時也可用直陳語氣。例如：Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.第十六頁，共41頁。9、whether,if引導(dǎo)從句的用法區(qū)別：①引導(dǎo)主語從句、表語從句或同位語從句時，用whether，不用if。例如：WhethertheywillgototheGreatWallisnotknown.Thequestioniswhetherwecanfinishthetaskontime.Thequestionwhetherwewilltakepartinthephysicscontesthasnotbeendecided.第十七頁，共41頁。②

whether可接不定式，而if則不可。例如：Ihaven’tdecidedwhethertoleaveornot.③whether可作介詞的賓語或置于句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，而if則不可。例如：Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoney.Whetherhewillcome,Iamnotsure.

④whether和if均可引導(dǎo)賓語從句，whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句一般都是肯定句，if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句可以是肯定的，也可以是否定的（此時不能用whether），例如：Couldyoutelluswhether/ifitrainsinwinterinAustralia?Iwonderifitdoesn’train.第十八頁，共41頁。⑤引導(dǎo)賓語從句的whether和if常可與ornot連用。連用時要注意ornot的位置，有時候與whether、if分開使用，有時它可與whether合起來使用，但不能與if合起來使用。例如：Idon’tknowwhether/iftheywillcomeornot.Idon’tknowwhetherornottheywillcome.（這時候不能用if）⑥if可用來引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，譯“如果”，whether則不行。例如：Ifyouworkhard,youaresuretosucceed.

第十九頁，共41頁。10、as作從屬連詞可引導(dǎo)多種狀語從句。①as引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，意為“當(dāng)…時”。例如：As(hewas)ayoungman,hewasastorekeeperandlaterapostmaster./Hesangasheworked.②as引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句，意為“象…一樣”。例如：WemustdoasthePartyteachesus.③as引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。意為“由于”，例如：Asyouaretired,youhadbetterrest.④as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。意為“雖然”、“盡管”Childasheis,hecandoitwell.(=Althoughheisachild,hecandoitwell.) 另外，as做為關(guān)系代詞還可以引導(dǎo)定語從句，如：Ihavethesamebookasyou.第二十頁，共41頁。專項鞏固--連詞

請同學(xué)們做試卷上的習(xí)題第二十一頁，共41頁。練習(xí)、連詞1.Heisveryold,____hestillworksveryhard. A.butB.ifC.whenD.as2.____youaredismissed.A.Neitheryougonor B.EitheryougoorC.WhetheryougoorD.Bothyougoand3.Theyhadcamped露營oncebefore,____theyknewwhattotake.A.because B.nowC.soD.since第二十二頁，共41頁。4.Whythesethingshappenedwas____thedriverhadbeencareless.A.becauseof B.owingto C.dueto D.that5.Although,it'sraining,____arestillworkinginthefields.A.theyB.buttheyC.andthey D.sothey6.___wehavesatisfiedyou,youhavenogrounds理由ofcomplaint.A.SoB.SincethatC.NowthatD.Bynow.第二十三頁，共41頁。7.Writeclearly____yourteachercanunderstandyoucorrectly.A.sinceB.forC.becauseD.sothat8.You'llmissthetrain____youhurryup.A.unlessB.asC.ifD.until9.Francisdidthetask____hisbrother. A.asgoodasB.asbetterasC.aswellasD.asbestas10.Thesizeoftheaudience,____wehadexpected,waswellovertwentythousand.A.asB.whatC.thatD.whom第二十四頁，共41頁。11.IthoughthehatedtheTV.Youareright,____hestillwatchestheprogram.A.yetB.besides C.alsoD.then12.Itlooks____it'sgoingtorain. A.thatB.asC.asifD.likethat13.____toNewYork,herfatherhasnotheardfromher.A.Becauseshewent B.AftershewentC.Whenshewent D.Sinceshewent14.___hedaydreamed,Petersawfiguresinthesky.A.UntilB.SinceC.WhileD.During第二十五頁，共41頁。15.Wearrivedatthestation____thetrainhadleft. A.afterB.beforeC.sinceD.when16.____hewasinpoorhealth,heworkedjustashardaseveryoneelse.A.ButB.AlthoughC.EvenifD.If17.Givemeonemoreminute____I'llhavefinished. A.soB.untilC.andD.when18.TheworkerhuntedforjobsinNewYorkformonths,____hecouldnotfindanywork.A.andB.yetC.orD.andbut第二十六頁，共41頁。19.Hurryup,____you'llbelate. A.orB.andC.soD.yet20.Donotmakethesamemistake____Idid.A.soB.asC.likeD.that21.Mysisteriswaitingforme,____Imustbeoffnow. A.howeverB.orC.soD.otherwise22.Weshouldpayattention____toindustry____toagriculture.A.either,or B.neither,nor C.not,but D.both,and第二十七頁，共41頁。23.Heranoff____Icouldstophim. A.beforeB.afterC.sinceD.when24.____youtoldme,Ihadheardnothingofwhathappened.A.TillB.UntilC.AfterD.Since25.Wherehaveyoubeen____youlefthome? A.beforeB.asC.sinceD.when26.____theproblemofmethodissolved,talkingaboutthetaskisuseless.A.Until B.Since C.After D.Unless第二十八頁，共41頁。27.Wehaveproduced15%morecottonthisyear____wedidlastyear.A.asB.thanC.likeD.white28.Itislate;____,I'mtootiredtogoout.A.besidesB.exceptC.exceptforD.exceptthat29.Everythingaroundusis____solid..liquid____gas.A.not...but...B.either...or... C.neither...nor... D.whether...or...30.Hewillcome____youaskhim. A.whetherB.unlessC.ifD.while第二十九頁，共41頁。31.____hewillcomeornotisstillunknown.A.IfB.WhereC.ThatD.Whether32.Idon'tknow____tostayathomeorgoout.A.whetherB.ifC.howD.where33.Hespokeloudly____theaudiencecouldhearhimclearly.A.soB.thatC.sothatD.inorderto第三十頁，共41頁。34.Thebookisnoteasy.____it'sratherdifficult.A.OntheonehandB.OnthecontraryC.OntheotherhandD.Ontheothercontrary35.Youmustworkhard,____youwillnotlearnEnglishwell.A.ifB.whetherC.otherwiseD.unless36.Itrainedheavily,____thebasketballmatchhadtobeputoff.A.sothatB.whenC.otherwiseD.therefore第三十一頁，共41頁。37.Wemustdo____thepeoplewantustodo..A.whatever B.however C.wherever D.whenever38.Youarecertainlyright,____othersmaysay.A.whatB.whateverC.thatD.as39.____makesmistakesmustcorrectthem.A.WhoB.WhatC.WhoeverD.Whatever40.I’lldiscussitwithyou____youliketocome.A.whenB.whereC.whoever D.whenever第三十二頁，共41頁。41.____youwork,youmustalwaysservethepeopleheartandsoul.A.WhereverB.Whenever C.WhereD.When42.___youunderstandthisrule,youwillhavenofurtherdifficulty.A.OnceB.AtonceC.OnlyD.Onlythen43.___difficultthetaskmaybe,wemustfulfilitthismonth.A.NomatterhowB.NomatterwhatC.NomatterwhenD.Nomatterwhere第三十三頁，共41頁。44.Wecansurelyovercomethesedifficulties_,___wearecloselyunited.A.sofaras B.solongas C.assoonas D.aswellas45.___Iknowhewillstayhereforhalfayear.A.assoonas B.aslongas C.sofaras D.aswellas46.Pleasewriteme____youarriveinNewYork.A.aswellas B.solongasC.asfaras D.assoonas第三十四頁，共41頁。47.Thatisnot____Iwant. A.thatB.whyC.whatD.whose48.___hediditremainsasecret. A.WhatB.WhomC.WhichD.How49.Itisquiteclear____hewon'tseeus. A.whatB.thatC.whyD.how50.Wouldyoutellme____wayIshouldtake?A.whatB.thatC.whichD.whose51.Iamsure____yousaidistrue. A.whatB.thatC.whichD.who第三十五頁，共41頁。52.Thetroubleis____wecannotfindsuchanexpert.A.whyB.thatC.whereD./53.Ithasnotbeendecided____theywillleave.A.whyB.whenC.whichD.what54.Weshallgo____youareready. A.whileB.assoonasC.asD.since55.Hewilltellyouaboutit____yougetthere.A.whileB.asC.whenD./第三十六頁，共41頁。56.Don'ttrytogetoffthebus____ithasstopped.A.whileB.asC.sinceD.before57.I'llcomeandseeyou_____Igotothecountryside.A.whileB.whenC.assoonasD.before58.___hecametostudyintheuniversity,hehasmademuchprogressinthestudyofEnglish.A.WhileB.WhenC.SinceD.After第三十七頁，共41頁。59.Thingshavechangedalot____Iwrotetoyoulasttime.A.whenB.sinceC.asD.before60.Ican'tuse