新概念3課文解析

Lesson3

Anunknowngoddess

無(wú)名女神

Listentothetapethenanswerthequestionbelow.

聽(tīng)錄音，然后回答以下問(wèn)題。

Howdidthearchaeologistsknowthatthestatuewasagoddess?

Sometimeago,andinterestingdiscoverywasmadebyarchaeologistsontheAegean

islandofKea.AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhichstandsinanancientcityon

thepromontoryofAyiaIrini.Thecityatonetimemusthavebeenprosperous,forit

enjoyedahighlevelofcivilization.Houses--oftenthreestoreyshigh--werebuiltof

stone.Theyhadlargeroomswithbeautifullydecoratedwalls.Thecitywasequipped

withadrainagesystem,foragreatmanyclaypipeswerefoundbeneaththenarrow

streets.

Thetemplewhichthearchaeologistsexploredwasusedasaplaceofworshipfromthe

fifteenthcenturyB.C.untilRomantimes.Inthemostsacredroomoftemple,clay

fragmentsoffifteenstatueswerefound.Eachoftheserepresentedagoddessandhad,

atonetime,beenpainted.Thebodyofonestatuewasfoundamongremainsdatingfrom

thefifteenthcenturyB.C.Ifsmissingheadhappenedtobeamongremainsofthefifth

centuryB.C.ThisheadmusthavebeenfoundinClassicaltimesandcarefullypreserved.

Itwasveryoldandpreciouseventhen.Whenthearchaeologistsreconstructedthe

fragments,theywereamazedtofindthatthegoddessturnedouttobeavery

modern-lookingwoman.Shestoodthreefeethighandherhandsrestedonherhips.

Shewaswearingafull-lengthskirtwhichswepttheground.Despitehergreatage,she

wasverygracefulindeed,but,sofar,thearchaeologistshavebeenunabletodiscover

heridentity.

Newwordsandexpressions生詞和短語(yǔ)

goddess(tile)

n.女神

archaeologist

n.考古學(xué)家

Aegean

adj.愛(ài)玲海的

explore

v.考察，勘探

promontory

n.海角

prosperous

adj.(經(jīng)濟(jì)上)繁榮的，昌盛的

civilization

n.文明

storey

n.樓層

drainage

n.排水

worship

n.祟拜

sacred

adj.宗教的，神圣的

fragment

n.碎片

remains

n.遺物，遺跡，廢墟

classical

adj.（希臘和羅馬）古化的

reconstruct

V.修復(fù)

rest

v.倚放，放置

hip

n.屁股，臀部

full-length

adj.（裙衣）拖地長(zhǎng)的

graceful

adj.優(yōu)雅的

identity

n.身份

不久之前，在愛(ài)琴海的基亞島上，考古工作者有?項(xiàng)有趣的發(fā)現(xiàn)。?個(gè)美國(guó)考古隊(duì)在阿伊亞.依里尼

海角的一座古城里考察了一座廟宇。這座古城肯定一度很繁榮，因?yàn)樗碛懈叨鹊奈拿鳎孔右?/p>

般有3層樓高，用石塊修建。里面房間很大，墻壁裝飾華麗。城里甚至還敷設(shè)了排水系統(tǒng)，因?yàn)樵讵M

窄的街道底下發(fā)現(xiàn)了許許多多陶土制作的排水管道?？脊殴ぷ髡呖疾斓倪@座廟宇從公元前15世紀(jì)

直到羅馬時(shí)代一直是祭祀祈禱的場(chǎng)所。在廟中最神圣的一間殿堂里發(fā)現(xiàn)了15尊陶雕像的碎片。每一

尊雕像代表一位女神，而且一度上過(guò)色。其中有?尊雕像，她的軀體是在公元前15世紀(jì)的歷史文

物中發(fā)現(xiàn)的，而她那身異處的腦袋卻碰巧是在公元前5世紀(jì)的文物中找到的。她的腦袋一定是在古

希臘羅馬時(shí)代就為人所發(fā)現(xiàn)，并受到精心的保護(hù)。卻使在當(dāng)時(shí)，它也屬歷史悠久的珍奇之物?？脊殴?/p>

作者把這些碎片重新拼裝起來(lái)后，驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)那位女神原來(lái)是一位相貌十分摩登的女郎。她身高3

英尺，雙手又腰。身穿一條拖地長(zhǎng)裙，盡管上了年紀(jì)，但體態(tài)確實(shí)優(yōu)美。不過(guò)，考古工作者至今未能

確定這位女神的身份。

★goddess(tile)

n.女神

★archaeologist

n.考古學(xué)家

★Aegean

adj.愛(ài)玲海的

★explore

v.考察，勘探

Thearchaeologistsareexploringthecave.

explorationn.

explorern.探險(xiǎn)家

★promontory

n.海角

★prosperous

adj.(經(jīng)濟(jì)上)繁榮的，昌盛的

ourfinanceisprosperous

thriving昌盛的，興旺的

booming蓬勃的，景氣的

flourishing繁茂的，健康的

★civilization

n.文明

highlevelofcivilization

高度文明

civilizev.

★storey

n.樓層

★drainage

n.排水

★worship

n.祟拜

respect;admire

Whodoyouworshipintheworld?

warshipn.軍艦戰(zhàn)船

★sacred

adj.宗教的，神圣的

holyadj.神圣的，圣潔的

solemnadj.莊嚴(yán)的，莊重的

sacredmusic圣樂(lè)

sacredpromise神圣的諾言

★fragment

n.碎片

★remains

n.遺物，遺跡，廢墟

★classical

adj.（希臘和羅馬）古化的

classicalmusic古典音樂(lè)

classicaleducation人文科學(xué)教育

classicadj.第一流的

Thisistheclassicexampleofloveatthefirstsight.

classicn.杰作，經(jīng)典之作

★reconstruct

v.修復(fù)

re-重新，再次

construct構(gòu)造，建造，組織

buildhouse造建造物

putupatent

constructasentence

constructabrokenstatuary

erect:buildhighbuildings

erectmonument建造紀(jì)念碑

erectclocktower建造鐘樓

setup;establish;found建立

setupstudents*union

establishaschool/rule

foundacountry

constructionn.

constructiveadj.有教育意義的

constructorn.

★rest

v.倚放，放置

★hip

n.屁股，臀部

hipn.［口］在服用興奮劑、宗教信仰方面趕時(shí)髦的人；消息靈通人士；adj.通曉的，見(jiàn)聞廣的

Maryisarealhip.

Theguyisn'tahip.

joinedatthehip表示交情極厚的

Eg.:Thesetwoarejoinedatthehip.

shootfromthehip信口開(kāi)河

Eg.:Sorry,IsaidthatIshouldn'thaveshotfromthehip.

★full-length

adj.(裙衣)拖地長(zhǎng)的

afull-lengthdress拽地長(zhǎng)裙

★graceful

adj.優(yōu)雅的

agracefullady

elegant(behavier)

★identity

n.身份

aninterestingdiscovery:強(qiáng)調(diào)discovery,體現(xiàn)發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)動(dòng)作被考古學(xué)家做出

主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)難以突出重點(diǎn)archaeologistsmadeaninterestingdiscovery

英文表達(dá)：事件、結(jié)果、影響、效果為主語(yǔ)、強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)客觀事實(shí)的陳述

AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhich....

which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾限定temple

whichstandsinanancientcityon...

which=that;stand=lie,situate(vt.),locate(vt.)

AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhichislocated/situatedin...

AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhichliesin

stand表示高高坐落于，矗立于

Shestands1.75m./Agreattreestandsonthemount.

Thecityatonetimemusthavebeenprosperous,forit...

for引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，對(duì)主句的附加說(shuō)明和解釋，提供更多的信息

because引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句，重點(diǎn)突出原因

Eg.:Thedaybrokeforthebirdsweresinging.

atonetime表達(dá)曾經(jīng)，一度；過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的標(biāo)志，once

musthavebeen對(duì)過(guò)去事實(shí)肯定的推測(cè)

enjoyedahighlevelofcivilization享有高度文明

with...

ayoungmanwithbroadshoulders/anoldladywithbalckhair

beautifullydecorated過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)

abeautifullydressedlady衣著漂亮的女士/adesertedcarpark

廢棄的停車場(chǎng)awhitepainteddoor被刷成白色的門

現(xiàn)在分詞做定語(yǔ)，被修飾詞與修飾詞之間為邏輯主動(dòng)關(guān)系

aboyclimbingthetree/thestudentsreadingintheroom

Thecitywasevenequippedwith...for...werefound

beequippedwith配備,裝備

thecarwasequippedwithairconditioning.

for引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句

beneaththenarrowstreets/underthenarrowstreets

prep.beneath=under正下方

Heisstandingunder/beneaththeumbrella

under在進(jìn)行中：undercontrol控制之中；underdiscussion討論之中

underrepairs修理之中

below在下方，強(qiáng)調(diào)在斜下方

Sheissittingbelowthewindow

Thetemplewhich....

beusedas/beusedtobe把___用作為

Theboxwasusedasadeskinthesmallvillageschool.

Thewoodenboxwasusedasabookcase

Thewoodenboxisusedtocontainbooks

inthemostsacredroomof...

Eachoftheserepresented...beenpainted.

representvt.代表

Irepresentalltheclassmates.

Thebodyofonestatuewasfound...

dating現(xiàn)在分詞，修飾remains

thecustomsdatingfrom1990

Thetraditiondatesfromthetimewhenhisgrandfatherwasyoung.

Thecastledatesfromthe14thcentury.

Thecastledatesbacktothe14thcentury.

Itsmissingheadhappenedtobeamongremainsof...

happento強(qiáng)調(diào)事情的偶然發(fā)生

Ihappentohavedriventhatkindofcar.

Hehappenedtofindtheticketinhispocket.

句式：Ithappensthat...

IthappenedthatImetheronmywaytowork.

Ihappenedtomeetheronmywaywork.

happenon巧遇，偶然

Ihappenedonthisoldpictureinthebackofthedrawer.

Guess,whoIhappenedonwhileIwasinLondonlastmonth?

reconstruct:puttogether,piecetogether.restore

amazed;verymuchsurprised

surprised;astonished;amazed;astounded感至『驚訝，語(yǔ)氣遞增

astonished;muchsurprised;amazed;verymuchsurprised驚奇

astounded非常驚訝、驚奇、驚愕

tofind.../todiscover.../torealize...

I'mnotsurprisedtoseeyouhere

turnout表示結(jié)果；prove

turnout(tobe)+n./adj.

Theconcertturnedouttobeafailure.

Ourpartyturnedout(tobe)asuxxess.

Itturnedoutthat....

that從句，或其他名詞從句；it作形式主語(yǔ)

Itturnedoutthatthediamondshadbeeninthebankallthetime.

Itturnedoutthathisstatementwasfalse.

asitturnsout

Eg.:Asitturnedout,therewasnoneedtoworry.

Eg.:Asitturnedout,thereportwasmistaken.

Shestoodthreefeethighandherhandsrestedonherhips.

reston=dependon,leanon

Hishandrestedlightlyonmyshoulder

whichswepttheground近一步說(shuō)明拖地的，拽地的

despite=inspiteof+n./動(dòng)名詞

Itisstillaproblemforthearchaeologistsuptonow.

sofar,uptonow完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志

discoverheridentity;findoutheridentity

(1

'ItsmissingheadhappenedtobeamongremainsofthefifthcenturyB.C.

(2)...d...

thisiscomfirmedbythefactthat引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句,補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明fact的內(nèi)容

beemployedin:被應(yīng)用在…方面

(3)…a…

indoingsth.:在…方面

(4)...

know:知道，認(rèn)識(shí)；經(jīng)歷過(guò)，曾經(jīng)有過(guò)(=experience)

文學(xué)用語(yǔ),比experience更力口正式

since：向從

主干的時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

（6）...c...

toone'ssurprise:使某人感到驚訝的是

（在句中可做獨(dú)立的狀語(yǔ)，句子的主語(yǔ)不必是某個(gè)人）

withsurprise:驚訝地

（首先，必須與行為動(dòng)詞連用，其次，句子的主語(yǔ)必須是某個(gè)人）

Tomygreatdisappointmentthetrainhadalreadyleft

Withsatisfaction/delight/dismay

Hesmokedhislastcigarettewithsatisfaction.

Hewenthomewithdismay.

Toourdismaythepartyprovedtobeafailure.

Structure

despite=inspiteof（可以和名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞搭配）

sofar-----現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志

如果用possible/impossible,要采用形勢(shì)主語(yǔ)it

...ithasbeenimpossibleforthearchaeologiststodiscoverheridentity.

Vocabulary

(9)...a...

原文中用到sacred(宗教的，神圣的)

religious:宗教的

frightening:令人害怕的

colorful:豐富多彩的

(10)…d…

state

welldone側(cè)重強(qiáng)調(diào)做得好

conserve=keepfrombeingwasted,damaged,lost,destroyed

“不用盡或耗盡某物，保留”

conserveyourenergyyouneeded.

wemustconserveourforest

maintain:通過(guò)修繕保養(yǎng)，不使…破損(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的過(guò)程)“維修，保養(yǎng)”

(11)...b...

turnout=prove

(12)...

sofar=>untilnow,uptillnow

beforehand:(a)事先=inadvance

atthisdistance(of/intime):時(shí)隔已久

Icanhardlyrememberhimatthisdistanceoftime

新概念英語(yǔ)第三冊(cè)Iession3課后練習(xí)

Lesson3Anunknowngoddess無(wú)名女神

Summarywriting摘要寫作

Answerthesequestionsinnoteformtogetyourpoints:

1.Wheredidthearchaeologistsfindclayfragments?

2.Whatdidtheyrepresent?

3.Hadtheyoncebeenpaintedornot?

4.Wherewasthebodyofonestatuefound?

5.Wherewasitsheadfound?

6.Werethegragmentsreconstructedornot?

7.Howtalldidthegoddessturnouttobe?

8.Wheredidherhandsrest?

9.Whatwasshewearing?

10.1sheridentityknownornot?

Composition作文

Afterwalkingroundtheancientcity.thearchaeologsits...Thistemple...Onenteringthesacredroom,the

archaeologists...

Afterthis,workmenbegandiggingandsoondiscovered...Theyalsofound...Thearchaeologistscarefully...They

were

astonishedtofindthat...Thegoddesswas...She...Althoughthearchaeologists...theywereunabletofindouther

name.

Letterwriting的信寫作

Writesixphraseswhichcouldbeusedtoendletterstofriends.

Exercises練習(xí)

ACompletethefollowingmakingasentenceoutofeach:

I.Shehappened.

2.lthappened.

3.Tellmewhat.

4.lfyouhappen.

BUsethewordsstorey,story,worship,andwarshipinsentencesofyourown.

Multiplechoicequestions多項(xiàng)選擇題

Comprehension理解

I.Theinterestingdiscoverymadebythearchaeologistswas.

a.thatthecityhadoncebeenprosperous

b.thatthetemplehadbeenusedasaplaceofworship

c.theyfoundthefifteenstatueshadbeenpainted

d.thattheywerenotthefirsttohavefoundtheheadofthegoddess

2.Thecity'enjoyedahighlevelofcivilization'.Thisisconfirmedbythefactthat____.

a.someofthehouseswerebuiltonlyonestoreyhigh

b.agreatnumberoffragmentswerefoundinthetemple

c.thecityhadbeenbuiltonclay

d.advancedtechniqueshadbeenemployedinbuildinganddecorating

3.lnseekingtoestablishtheidentityofthereconstructedstatue,thearchaeologists.

a.tiredtodeterminewhichgoddessitrepresented

b.piecedtogether