2012年普通高等學(xué)校全國統(tǒng)一考試卷

III12150120分鐘?？荚嚱Y(jié)注意事項(xiàng)答題前，考生務(wù)必用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆將自己的、座號、考生號、縣區(qū)和科類填I(lǐng)2B鉛筆在答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑，如需要改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號。I卷（105分第一部分：（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分第一節(jié)（51.57.5分選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和例：HowmuchistheA. B. C.BWheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeIna B.Inaclassroom.C.InaAtwhattimewillthefilm B. C.whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingTheirfriend B.Aweekendtrip.C.AradioWhatwillthewomanprobablyCatcha B.SeethemanoffC.GoshopwhydidthewomanShemadealatedelivery B.Shewenttothewrongce C.Shecouldn’ttakethecakeback第二節(jié)（151.522.5分每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段讀兩遍。67WhoseCDis B. C.WhatdoestheboypromisetodofortheBuyheranew B.Dosome C.Givehere10聽一面一段，回答第8和第9兩個小題WhatdidthemanthinkoftheJustso- B.Quite C.Abitwhatwasthe15%onthebillpaidThe B.The C.The聽一面一段，回答第10和第12三個小題WhyisthemanattheToorderacameraforhis B.TohaveacameraC.TogetacameraWhatcolourdoestheman B. C.Whatwillthemando.Makeaphone B.Waituntilfurther C.Comeagainthenext聽一面一段，回答第13和第16兩個小題WhatwouldJoeprobablydoduringtheThanksgivingGotoa B.Stayat C.VisitWhatisArielgoingtodoinAttenda B.Meether C.SeeacarWhyisArielinahurrytoTocallup B.TobuysomeDVDs.C.TopickupWhatmightbetherelationshipbetweenthe B.FellowworkersC.Guideand聽一面一段，回答第17至第20四個小題WheredoesThomasManningIntheGuinnessB.Ataradio C.InaWheredidtheideaofabookofrecordscomeA.abird-shooting B.AvisittoEuropeC.AevisiontalkWhendidSirHugh’sfirstbookofrecordsIn B.In C.InWhatarethetwospeakersgoingtotalkaboutMorerecordsofunusual B.ThefounderofC.The inthe第二部分：英語知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié),35分（15115分Whenyouaredonewiththebook,justgiveittoLucyorHelenor A. B. C. D.—SorryI’mlate.Igotstuckin— .You’reherenow.Comeinandsit eB.That’s C.Ihaveno D.NeverMariahaswrittentwonovels,bothof havebeenmadeintoevisionA. B. C. D.Myfirst ofhimwasthathewasakindandthoughtfulyoungA. B. C. D.Itdoesn’tmatter youpaybycashorcreditcardinthisA. B. C. D.Georgereturnedafterthewar,only thathiswifehadleftA.tobe C.being D.He d y MaryapologizedforherdrunkenA. B. C. D.AfterJackhadsentsomee-mails,he workingonhisA.had B.hasstartedC. D.Beingabletoafford drinkwouldbe thosetoughA.the; B.a; C.a;不 D.不填I(lǐng)fwe adequatepreparations,theconferencewouldn’thavebeensoA.haven’tmadeB.wouldn’tmakeC.didn’t D.hadn’t—Idon’tknowaboutyou,butI’msickandtiredofthis— .Ican’tstandallthisIdon’tcareB.It’shardtosayC.Soam IhopeAnumberofhighbuildingshavearisen therewasnothingayearagobutA. B. C. D.Be —youcan’texpectmetofinishallthisworkinsolittleA. B. C. D.Themanagerwasconcernedtohearthattwoofhistrustedworkers A.will B.are C.have D.wereAftercompletingandsigningit,pleasereturntheformtousintheenvelope A. B. C.having D.第二節(jié)：完形填空（20120分Wheneverwehearabout“thehomeless,”,mostofusthinkoftheDeveloWorld.But36isthathomelessnessiseverywhere.Forexample,howmanyofuswouldexpecttoseepeoplelivingonthestreetsofa37countrylikeGermany?KurtMullerandhiswifeRitahavespentelevenyearsmaking38forthehomelessofBerlin,Germany’scapital.Theyfirst39onelonghotsummerwhenmostGermanswere40onholiday.Kurtandhiswifestayedathome,madesandwiches,41atableinthestreetandgavefoodtothehomeless.TheMullerssoonrealizedthatfoodandclothingweren’t42.“Whatthesepeoplealsoneediswarmthand43,”saysRita.TheMullersdidn’t44togivetheirphonenumbertothestreetpeopleandtoldthemtophoneanytime.Rita45therewassomebodyathometoanswerthephoneandtheirhomewasalways46toanyonewhocouldn’tfaceanothernightonthestreet.Thecoupleweresoon47alltheirtimeandmoney,soKurtvisitedfoodandclothingcompaniesto48donations.Today,overthirtycompanies49donatefoodandothergoodstothecauseandvolunteershelpto50themtothehomeless.Thepublicalsogiveclothesandmoneyandashoeproducer51newshoes.KurtandRitareceiveno52fortheirhardwork.“Wefeellikeparents,”saysRita,parentsshouldn’t53moneyforheltheirchildren.Thelovewegetonthestreetsisoursalary.”ThoughRitaadmitssheoftengets54.shesaysshewillcontinuewithherworkbecauseshelikesthefeelingofhavingmadea55intheworld.A. B. C. D.A. B.develoC. D.A. B.housesC.mealsD.A. B. C. D.A. B.aloneC.acrossD.A.brought B.setupC.put D.gaveA. B.necessaryC.helpfulD.A. C. D.A. B.agreeC. D.A.make B.found C.makesureD.workedA. B. C.noisyD.A. B. C. D.A.pay B.ask C.look D.carryA. B.calmlyC. D.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B. C. D.A. B.differenceC. D.第三部分：閱讀理解（20240分AThePacificislandnationofNauruusedtobeabeautifulce.Nowitisanecologicaldisasterarea.Nauru’sheartbreakingstorycouldhaveonegoodconsequence—othercountriesmightlearnfromitsmistakes.Forthousandsofyears,PolynesianpeoplelivedontheremoteislandofNauru,farfromwesterncivilization.ThefirstEuropeantoarrivewasJohnFearnin1798.HewastheBritishcaptainoftheHunter,awhalingship.HecalledtheislandPleasantIsland.However,becauseitwasveryremote,NauruhadlittlecommunicationwithEuropeansatfirst.Thewhalingshipsandothertradersbegantovisit,bringinggunsandalcohol.Theseelementsdestroyedthesocialbalanceofthetwelvefamilygroupsontheisland.Aten-yearcivilwarstarted,whichreducedthepopulationfrom1,400to900.Nauru’srealtroublesbeganin1899whenaBritishmining discoveredphosphate(磷酸鹽)ontheisland.Infact,itfoundthattheislandofNauruwasnearlyallphosphate,whichisaveryimportantfertilizerforfarming.The beganminingthephosphate.Aphosphatemineisnotaholeintheground;itisastripmine.Whena itremovesthetoplayerofsoil.Thenittakesawaythematerialitwants.Stripminingtotallydestroystheland.Gradually,thelovelyislandofNaurustartedtolooklikethemoon.In1968,Naurubecameoneoftherichestcountriesintheworld.EveryyearthereceivedmillionsandmillionsofdollarsforitsUnfortunay,theleadersinvestedthemoneyunwiselyandlostmillionsofdollars.Inaddition,theyusedmillionsmoredollarsfor alexpenses.Soonpeoplerealizedthattheyhadaterribleproblem—theirphosphatewasrunningout.Ninetypercentoftheirislandwasdestroyedandtheyhadnothing.By2000,Nauruwasfinanciallyruined.Expertssaythatitwouldtakeapproxima$433,600,000andmorethan20yearstorepairtheisland.ThiswillprobablyneverWhatmightbetheauthor’spurposeinwritingtheToseekhelpforNauru’sTogiveawarningtootherToshowtheimportanceof laheartbreakingstoryofaWhatwasNaurulikebeforetheEuropeansRichand B.ModernandC.Peacefuland D.GreedyandTheecologicaldisasterinNaururesultedfrom soil B.phosphateC.farming D.whaleWhichofthefollowingwasacauseofNauru’sfinancialItsleadersmisusedthe B.ItspenttoomuchrepairingtheC.Itsphosphateminingcostmuch D.ItlostmillionsofdollarsinthecivilWhatcanwelearnaboutNaurufromthelastTheecologicaldamageisdifficulttoTheleaderswilltaketheexperts’wordsTheislandwasabandonedbytheThephosphatemineswereBOneofthegreatestcontributionstothefirstOxfordEnglishDictionarywasalsooneofitsmostunusual.In1879,OxfordUniversityinEnglandaskedProf.JamesMurraytoserveaseditorforwhatwastobethemostambitiousdictionaryinthehistoryoftheEnglishlanguage.ItwouldincludeeveryEnglishwordpossibleandwouldgivenotonlythedefinitionbutalsothehistoryofthewordandquotations(引文)showinghowitwasused.Thiswasahugetask.,soMurraryhadtofindvolunteersfromBritain,theUnitedStates,theBritishcoloniestosearcheverynewspaper,magazine,andbookeverwritteninEnglish.Hundredsofvolunteersresponded,includingWilliamChesterMinor.Dr.MinorwasanAmericansurgeonwhohadservedintheCivilWarandwasnowlivinginEngland.Hegavehisaddressas“Broadmoor,Crowthorne,Berkshire,””50fromOxford.MinorjoinedthearmyofvolunteerssendingwordsandquotationstoMurray.Overthenext17years,hebecameoneofthestaff’smostvaluedcontributors.ButhewasalsoamysteryInspiteofmanyinvitationshewouldalwaysdeclinetovisitOxford.Soin1897，MurrayfinallydecidedtotraveltoCrowthornehimself.Whenhearrived,hefoundMinorlockedinabook-linedcellattheBroadmoorAsylum（院）fortheCriminallyinsane.MurrayandMinorbecamefriends,sharingtheirloveofwords.Minorcontributingtothedictionary,sendinginmorethan10,000submissionsin20years.MurraytovisitMinorregularly,sometimestakingwalkswithhimaroundtheasylumgrounds.In1910,MinorleftBroadmoorforanasyluminhisnativeAmerica.Murraywasattheporttowavegoodbyetohisremarkablefriend.Minordiedin1920,sevenyearsbeforethefirsteditionoftheOxfordEnglishDictionarywascompleted.The12volumesdefined414,825words,andthousandsofthemwerecontributionsfromaveryscholarlyanddevotedasylumpatient.Accordingtothetext,thefirstOxfordEnglishDictionary cameoutbeforeminorwaseditedbyanAmericanincludedtheEnglishwordsinventedbywasintendedtobethemostambitiousEnglishHowdidDr.MinorcontributedtotheHehelpedMurraytofindhundredsofHesentnewspapers,magazinesandbookstoHeprovidedagreatnumberofwordsandhewenttoEnglandtoworkwithWhydidDr.MinorrefusetovisitHewasshutinan B.HelivedfarfromC.Hewasbusywritinga D.HedislikedProf.MurrayandDr.Minorbecamefriendsmainlybecause theybothservedintheCivilTheyhadacommoninterestinMinorrecoveredwiththehelpofMurraywenttoAmericaregularlytovisitWhichofthefollowingbestdescribeDr.Braveand B.CautiousandC.Considerateand D.UnusualandWhatdoesthetextmainlytalkThehistoryoftheEnglishThefriendshipbetweenMurrayandMinorandthefirstOxfordEnglishBroadmoorAsylumandisCSanFranciscohasitscablecars.SeattlehasitsSpaceNeedle.And,Longviewhasitssquirrelbridge.Thebridge,whichhasattractedinternationalattention,isnowalocallandmark.TheNuttyNarrowsBridgewasbuiltin1963byalocalbuilder,AmosPeters,togivesquirrelsawaytocrossthebusyroadwithoutgettingflattenedbypassingcars.thebridgewasbuilt,squirrelshadtoavoidtraffictoandfromtheParkzaofficebuildingwhereofficestaffputoutanuttyfeastforthesquirrels.Manytimes,PetersandotherswhoworkedinandnearParkzawitnessedsquirrelsbeingrunover.OnedayPetersfoundadeadsquirrelwithanutstillinitsmouth,andthatday’scoffeebreakdiscussionturnedintosquirrelsafetyThegroupofbusinessmencookedupthesquirrelbridgeideaandformedacommitteetoasktheblessingoftheCityCouncil(市政會).TheCouncilapproved,andCouncilwomanBessLaRivierenamedthebridge“NuttyNarrows.”AfterarchitectsdesignedthebridgeAmosPetersandBillHutchstartedConstruction,Theybuiltthe60-footbridgefromaluminumandlengthsoffirehose(消防水帶).Itcost1,000.Itdidn’ttakelongbeforereportsofsquirrelsusingthebridgestarted.Squirrelswereevenseenguidingtheiryoungandteachingthemtheropes.Thestorywaspickedupbythemedia,andNuttyNarrowsbecameknowinnewspapersallovertheworld.In1983,after20yearsofuse,Peterstookdowntheworn-outbridge.Repairsweremadeandcrosspieceswerereced.ThefadedsignwasrepaintedandinJuly1983,hundredsofanimalloversattendedthecompletionceremonyofthenewbridge.Petersdiedin1984,andaten-footwoodensquirrelsculpturewascednearthebridgeinmemoryofitsbuilderandhisdevotiontotheproject.TheNuttyNarrowsBridgewasbuiltinorderto offersquirrelsacetoeatsetupalocalhelpimproveprotectWhathappenedoverthecoffeebreakThecommitteegottheCouncil’sThesquirrelbridgeideawasAcouncilwomannamedtheAsquirrelwasfoundWhatdoestheunderlinedphrase“teachingthemtheropes”probablymeansinthepassingthema B.DirectingthemtostorefoodforC.Teachingthema D.ShowingthemhowtousetheWhichofthefollowingistrueofthesquirrelItwasrecedbyalonger B.ItwasbuiltfromwoodandC.itwasrebuiltafteryearsof D.ItwasdesignedbyBillWhatcanwelearnaboutAmosHeisrememberedforhisloveofHedonated$1,000tobuildtheHewasamemberoftheCityHewasawardedamedalforbuildingtheDForthosewhoaretiredngthelaundry,Samsunghasfoundananswer:awashingmachinethatcanlyouwhenyourlaundryisdoneviaasmartphoneapp(application).Strangethoughitmayseem—“mywifealreadydoesthat”wasacommonresponseamongattendeesviewingthedevicewhenitwasintroducedattheConsumerElectronicsShow(CES)thisweek—Samsungisjustoneofmanyappliancemakersracingtoinstall(安裝)alargenumberofinternet-connectedfeaturesinmachinesinanefforttomakethem“smart”.Lastyear,itwasarefrigeratorthattweeted.Thisyear,it’sWi-Fi-enabledlaundrymachinesandfridgesthatcanlyouwhenyourgroceriesaregoingbad.Thewashersanddryers,availablestartinginthespring,connecttoanysmartphonethroughadownloadableapplication.Thephonecanthenbeusedasaremotecontrol,sothemachinescanbeturnedonandoffwhiletheirownersisatworkoronthebus.Samsungsaysit’snotjustsomethingnew—theappconnectionactuallyhassome“Ifyoustartedtodryclothesinthemorningandforgottotakethemout,youcangotophoneandrestartyourdryerforthetimewhencomehome,soyourclothesarerefreshedandreadytogo,”saidspokes AmySidt. alsosaysthatwithelectricityrate(電價)varyingdependingonthetimeofday,morecontroloverwhenthemachinesareusedcanhelpsavemoney.Perhaps,butwhattheywillprobablyreally plishiswhatallgooddo—enablelaziness.Ratherthangettinguptocheckonwhetherthelaundryisdone,userswillinsteadmonitoritontheirphoneswhilewatchingTV.WhatcanbeinferredfromthecommonresponseoftheattendeesattheThemachinewillbeabigtheirwives ngtheThemachineisunrelatedtotheirThiskindoftechnologyisfamiliartoWhatcanwelearnaboutthenewlaundryThey lyouwhenyourclothesneedTheycanbecontrolledwithaTheyaredifficulttoTheyaresoldatalowWecanconcludeformSamsung’sstatementsthat theappconnectionmakeslifeitisbettertodryclothesinthesmartphonecanshortenthedryingweshouldrefreshclothesbackatWhatisthemainideaofthelastThelaundryshouldbefrequentlyLazypeoplelikeusingsuchGoodalsocauseevisionmayhelpdotheII卷（45分第四部 表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分第一節(jié)閱讀表達(dá)（5315分AshleyPower’smotherboughtacomputerforherwhenshewaseight.Whenshewasthirteen,shewassurfingtheInternetregularly,butshecouldn’tfindanywhereforteenagerstomeetandtalk.Andonedayshethought,“IfIhad