初一英語語法及主要知識點歸納總結(jié)

初一英語知識點歸納總結(jié)分類：英語學(xué)習(xí)Unit1Where’syourpenpalfrom一．短語：1．befrom=comefrom來自于----2．livein居住在---3．onweekends在周末4．writetosb=writealettertosb給某人寫信；寫信給某人5．intheworld在世界上inChina在中國6．penpal筆友14yearsold14歲favoritesubject最喜歡的科目7．theUnitedStates美國theUnitedKingdom英國NewYork紐約8．speakEnglish講英語likeanddislike愛憎9．gotothemovies去看電影playsports做運動二．重點句式：1Where’syourpenpalfrom=Wheredoesyourpenpalfrom/2Wheredoeshelive3Whatlanguage(s)doeshespeak4IwantapenpalinChina.5IcanspeakEnglishandalittleFrench.6Pleasewriteandtellmeaboutyourself.7Canyouwritetomesoon8Ilikegoingtothemovieswithmyfriendsandplayingsports.三．本單元的國家，人民、語言對應(yīng)。1Canada----Canadian----English/French2France------French------French3Japan------Japanese----Japanese4Australia----Australian-----English5theUnitedStates------American----English6theUnitedKingdom---British-----EnghishUnit2Where’sthepostoffice一．Askingways:(問路)1．Whereis(thenearest)……？（最近的）……在哪里？2．Canyoutellmethewayto……？你能告訴我去……的路嗎？3．HowcanIgetto……？我怎樣到達(dá)……呢？4．Isthere……nearhere/intheneighborhood附近有……嗎？5．Whichisthewayto……？哪條是去……的路？二．Showingtheways:（指路）1.Gostraightdown/alongthisstreet.沿著這條街一直走。2.Turnleftatthesecondturning.在第二個路口向左轉(zhuǎn)。3.Youwillfinditonyourright.你會在你右手邊發(fā)現(xiàn)它。4.Itisaboutonehundredmetresfromhere.離這里大約一百米遠(yuǎn)。5.You’dbettertakeabus.你最好坐公交車去。（You’dbetter+動詞原形）三．詞組1.acrossfrom……在……的對面acrossfromthebank在銀行的對面2.nextto……緊靠……nexttothesupermarket緊靠超市3.between……and……在……和……之間betweentheparkandthezoo在公園和動物園之間among表示位于三者或三者以上之間4.infrontof……在……前面Thereisatreeinfrontoftheclassroom.課室前面有棵樹。inthefrontof……在……（內(nèi)）的前部Thereisadeskinthefrontoftheclassroom.課室內(nèi)的前部有張桌子。5.behind……在……后面behindmyhouse在我家后面6.turnleft/right向左/右拐ontheleft/rightof……在某物的左/右邊ontheleftofourschool在我們學(xué)校的左邊onone’sleft/right在某人的左/右邊onmyleft在我左邊7.gostraight一直走8.down/along……沿著……（街道）down/alongCenterStreet沿著中央街9.intheneighborhood=nearhere在附近10welcometo……歡迎來到……11.take/haveawalk散步12.thebeginningof…………的開始,前端atthebeginningof……在……的開始,前端inthebeginning起初，一開始13.havefun=haveagoodtime=enjoyoneself玩得開心，過得愉快我昨天玩得很開心。Ihadfunyesterday.Ihadagoodtimeyesterday.Ienjoyedmyselfyesterday.14.haveagoodtrip旅途愉快15.takeataxi坐出租車16.到達(dá)：getto+地方gethere/there/home到這/那/家arrivein+大地方IarriveinBeijing.arriveat+小地方Iarriveatthebank.reach+地方17．goacross從物體表面橫過goacrossthestreet橫過馬路gothrough從空間穿過gothroughtheforest穿過樹林18．on+街道的名稱。Eg:onCenterStreetat+具體門牌號+街道的名稱Eg:at6CenterStreet三．重難點解析1．enjoydoingsth享受做某事的樂趣，喜愛做某事Ienjoyreading.我喜愛讀書。到目前為止，我們學(xué)了兩個特殊的動詞finish和enjoy，都是要帶doing.Ifinishcleaningtheroom.我掃完了這間屋子。2．hopetodosth希望做某事Ihopetopassthisexam.我希望通過這次考試。hope+從句Ihopetomorrowwillbefine.我希望明天將會晴朗。（從句即是一個小句子，這個小句子又放在大句子中，從屬于大句子，所以叫從句。如tomorrowwillbefine是一個從句，它又放在Ihope的后面，形成句中有句。）3.if引導(dǎo)一個表示假設(shè)的句子。IfIhavemuchmoney,Iwillgotothemoon.如果我有許多錢，我就會去月球。Ifyouarehungry,youcanbuysomefoodinthesupermarket.如果你餓了的話，你可以在超市買一些食物。四．本單元的反義詞、近義詞配對1new—old2quiet---busy3dirty---clean4big----smallUnit3Whydoyoulikekoalabears一．重點詞組eatgrasseatleavesbequietveryshyverysmartverycuteplaywithherfriendskindofSouthAfricaotheranimalsatnightinthedayeverydayduringtheday二.交際用語1.WhydoyoulikepandasBecausethey’reveryclever.2.WhydoeshelikekoalasBecausethey’rekindofinteresting.3.WherearelionsfromTheyarefromSouthAfrica.4.WhatotheranimalsdoyoulikeIlikedogs,too.WhyBecausethey’refriendlyandclever.5.Mollylikestoplaywithherfriendsandeatgrass.6.She’sveryshy.7.HeisfromAustralia.8．Hesleepsduringtheday,butatnighthegetsupandeatsleaves.9．Heusuallysleepsandrelaxes20hourseveryday.10．Let’sseethepandasfirst.11．They’rekindofinteresting.12．Whatotheranimalsdoyoulike13．Whydoyouwanttoseethelions三.重點難點釋義1、kindof有點，稍微Koalabearsarekindofshy.考拉有點害羞。kind還有“種類”的意思如：各種各樣的allkindsofWehaveallkindsofbeautifulflowersinourschool.2、Chinan.中國African.非洲China和Africa都是專有名詞，首字母都應(yīng)該大寫，而且和介詞in連用。TherearemanykindsoftigersinChina.TherearemanykindsofscaryanimalsinAfrica.3、friendlyadj.友好的，和藹可親的它是名詞friend的形容詞形式，常常和be動詞連用,befriendly。ThepeopleinChengduareveryfriendly.4、withprep.跟，同，和…在一起Iusuallyplaychesswithmyfather.注意區(qū)別與and的用法，and通常用于連接主語或賓語，連接主語時，如果有I,I通常放在and之后，如：MyfatherandIusuallyplaychesstogether.Playwith“和…一起玩耍”“玩…”Ioftenplaywithmypetdog.Don’tplaywithwater!5、day和night是一對反義詞，day表示白天或一天，night表示夜或夜晚。通常說intheday,duringtheday,atnight。Koalabearsoftensleepduringthedayandeatleavesatnight.6、leafn.葉子復(fù)數(shù)形式為：leaves,類似的變化還有：wife—wives,wolf—wolves,knife—knives等。7、hourn.小時；點鐘hour前邊通常加上冠詞an表示“一個小時”，即：anhour。Thereare24hoursinadayand60minutesinanhour.8、befrom來自…befrom=comefromPandasarefromChina.=PandascomeformChina.9、meatn.（食用的）肉，為不可數(shù)名詞，表示“許多”時，使用much來修飾，即：muchmeatHeeatsmuchmeateveryday.10、grassn.草，為不可數(shù)名詞，表示“許多”時，使用much來修飾，即：muchgrass。Thereismuchgrassontheplayground.四.語法知識特殊疑問句通常以“what”、“who”、“which”、“when”、“where”、“how”、“howold”、“howmany”等開頭，對某一具體問題進(jìn)行提問。特殊疑問句的基本構(gòu)成有兩種情況：1.疑問句+一般疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)。這是最常見的情況。例如：What’syourgrandfather’stelephonenumber你爺爺?shù)碾娫捥柎a是多少？Whoisthatboywithbigeyes那個大眼睛的男孩是誰？Whichseasondoyoulikebest你最喜歡哪個季節(jié)？Whenishegoingtoplaythepiano他什么時候彈鋼琴？Wheredoeshelive他住在哪兒？Howareyou你好嗎？Howoldareyou你多大了？Howmanybrothersandsistersdoyouhave你有幾個兄弟姐妹？2.疑問句+陳述句結(jié)構(gòu)。這時疑問詞作主語或修飾主語。例如：Whoisondutytoday今天誰值日？Whichmanisyourteacher哪位男士是你的老師？我們學(xué)過的What/Howabout+名詞/代詞+其他？也是特殊疑問句，它是一種省略結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：IlikeEnglish.What/Howaboutyou我喜歡英語。你呢？Whataboutplayingbasketball打籃球怎么樣？Unit4Iwanttobeanactor.一．短語：1wanttodosth想要作某事2givesbsth=givesthtosb給某人某物/把某物給某人3helpsbdosth幫助某人作某事Eg:Iwanttohelpmymotherdosomehouseworkathome.4helpsbwithsth幫助某人謀事Eg:Iwanttohelpmymotherwithsomehouseworkathome5intheday在白天6atnight在晚上7talkwith/tosb和----談話8bebusydoingsth忙于做某事Eg:Heisbusylisteningtotheteacher.9inahospital在醫(yī)院l10work/studyhard努力工作11EveningNewspaper晚報二．重點句式及注意事項：1詢問職業(yè)的特殊疑問詞是what；有三種主要句式①What+is/are+sb②What+does/do+sb+do③What+is/are+名詞所有格/形容詞性物主代詞+job2Peoplegivemetheirmoneyorgettheirmoneyfromme.3SometimesIworkinthedayandsometimesatnight.4Iliketalkingtopeople.5Iworklate.I’mverybusywhenpeoplegoouttodinners.6Wheredoesyoursisterwork7thenwehaveajobforyouasawaiter.8DoyouwanttoworkforamagazineThencomeandworkforusasareporter.9Doyouliketoworkeveningsandweekends10Weareaninternationalschoolforchildrenof5-12.三．本單元中的名詞復(fù)數(shù)。1policeman---policemen2womandoctor-----womendoctors3thief-----thieves首先主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)Ihaveanapple.其次定狀補Ireallyhaveabigapple.really做have的狀語狀語修飾動詞動詞一般就是謂語動詞big做apple的定語定語修飾名詞名詞一般是主語或賓語最后主系表結(jié)構(gòu)它與主謂賓很相似只不過謂語動詞時系動詞最常見的是be動詞及其變形Iamastudent。主語通常用于句子開端，主要有：i,you,he,she,it,we,they，但it有時用作形式主語，表特指。謂語，通常放在主語之后，一般是動詞，表示“某某人在。。?！辟e語，通常放在謂語之后，一般是主語的賓格。有時候是人，有時候是物。定語，狀語，通常是從句。定語從句：常有關(guān)系代詞that\which\who\whoes，關(guān)系副詞when\where\why.通常選擇關(guān)系詞的步驟是：1、確定先行詞2.確定關(guān)系詞.主系表：主，就是主語。系，特指系動詞，就是說當(dāng)句子中沒有謂語時，用系動詞來代替。表，修飾系動詞用。1、名詞A）、名詞的數(shù)我們知道名詞可以分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞，而不可數(shù)名詞它沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，但可數(shù)名詞卻有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)之分，復(fù)數(shù)的構(gòu)成如下：一）在后面加s。如：fathers,books,Americans,Germans,apples,bananas二）x,sh,ch,s,tch后加es。如：boxes,glasses,dresses,watches,wishes,faxes三）1）以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的變y為i再加es如：baby-babies,family-families,duty-duties,comedy-comedies,documentary-documentaries,story-stories2）以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的直接加s。如：day-days,boy-boys,toy-toys,key-keys,ways四）以o結(jié)尾加s（外來詞）。如：radios,photos,但如是輔音加o的加es：如:tomatoes西紅柿,potatoes馬鈴薯五）以f或fe結(jié)尾的變f為v再加es(s)。如：knife-knives,wife-wives,half-halves,shelf-shelves,leaf-leaves,yourself-yourselves六）單復(fù)數(shù)相同（不變的）有：fish,sheep,deer鹿子,Chinese,Japanese七）一般只有復(fù)數(shù)，沒有單數(shù)的有：people,pants,shorts,shoes,glasses,gloves,clothes,socks八）單詞形式不變，既可以是單數(shù)也可以是復(fù)數(shù)的有：police警察局，警察,class班，同學(xué),family家，家庭成員九）合成的復(fù)數(shù)一般只加主要名詞，多數(shù)為后一個單詞。如：actionmovie-actionmovies,penpal-penpals;但如果是由man或woman所組成的合成詞的復(fù)數(shù)則同時為復(fù)數(shù)。如：mandoctor-mendoctors,womanteacher-womenteachers十）有的單復(fù)數(shù)意思不同。如：fish魚fishes魚的種類,paper紙papers報紙，卷子，論文,work工作works作品，工廠,glass玻璃glasses玻璃杯，眼鏡,orange桔子水oranges橙子,light光線lights燈,people人peoples民族,time時間times時代,次數(shù),chicken雞肉chickens小雞十一）單個字母的復(fù)數(shù)可以有兩種形式直接加s或’s。如：Is(I’s),Ks(K’s)。但如是縮略詞則只加s。如：IDs,VCDs,SARs十二）特殊形式的有：child-children,man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,mouse-mice,policeman-policemen,Englishman-EnglishmenB）名詞的格當(dāng)我們要表示某人的什么東西或人時，我們就要使用所有格形式。構(gòu)成如下：一）單數(shù)在后面加’s。如：brother’s,Mike’s,teacher’s二）復(fù)數(shù)以s結(jié)尾的直接在s后加’，如果不是以s結(jié)尾的與單數(shù)一樣處理。如：Teachers’Day教師節(jié),classmates’;Children’sDay六一節(jié),Women’sDay三八節(jié)三）由and并列的名詞所有時，如果是共同所有同一人或物時，只加最后一個’s，但分別擁有時卻分別按單數(shù)形式處理。如：MikeandBen’sroom邁克和本的房間（共住一間），Mike’sandBen’srooms邁克和本的房間（各自的房間）2、代詞項目人稱代詞物主代詞指示代詞反身代詞人稱主格賓格形容詞名詞性第一人稱單數(shù)Imemyminemyself復(fù)數(shù)weusouroursourselves第二人稱單數(shù)youyouyouryoursyourself復(fù)數(shù)youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人稱單數(shù)sheherherhersherselfhehimhishishimselfitititsitsthisthatitself復(fù)數(shù)theythemtheirtheirsthesethosethemselves3、動詞A）第三人稱單數(shù)當(dāng)動詞是第三人稱單數(shù)時，動詞應(yīng)該像名詞的單數(shù)變動詞那樣加s，如下：一）一般在詞后加s。如：comes,spells,waits,talks,sees,dances,trains二）在x,sh,ch,s,tch后加es。如：watches,washes,wishes,finishes三）1）以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的變y為i再加es。如：study-studies,hurry-hurries,try-tries2）以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的直接加s。如：plays,says,stays,enjoys,buys四）以o結(jié)尾加es。如：does,goes五）特殊的有：are-is,have-hasB）現(xiàn)在分詞當(dāng)我們說某人正在做什么事時，動詞要使用分詞形式，不能用原形，構(gòu)成如下：一）一般在后加ing。如：spell-spelling,sing-singing,see-seeing,train-training,play-playing,hurry-hurrying,watch-watching,go-going,do-doing二）以不發(fā)音e的結(jié)尾的去掉e再加ing。如：dance-dancing,wake-waking,take-taking,practice-practicing,write-writing,have-having三）以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且一個元音字母＋一個輔音字母（注意除開字母組合如show–showing,draw-drawing）要雙寫最后的輔音字母再加ing。如：put-putting,run-running,get-getting,let-letting,begin-beginning四）以ie結(jié)尾的變ie為y再加ing。如：tie-tying系die-dying死lie-lying位于4、形容詞的級我們在對兩個或以上的人或物進(jìn)行對比時，則要使用比較或最高級形式。構(gòu)成如下：一）一般在詞后加er或est(如果是以e結(jié)尾則直接加r或st)。如：greater-greatest,shorter–shortest,taller–tallest,longer–longest,nicer-nicest,larger-largest二）以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾且1個元音字母＋1個輔音字母(字母組合除外，如few-fewerfewest)結(jié)尾的雙寫結(jié)尾的輔音再加er/est。如：big-biggerbiggest,red-redderreddest,hot-hotterhottest三）以輔音字母＋y結(jié)尾的變y為i加er/est。如：happy-happierhappiest,sorry-sorriersorriest,friendly-friendlierfriendliest(morefriendlymostfriendly),busy-busierbusiest,easy-easiereasiest四）特殊情況：(兩好多壞，一少老遠(yuǎn))good/well-betterbestmany/much-moremostbad/ill–worseworstlittle-lessleastold-older/elderoldest/eldestfar-farther/furtherfarthest/furthest5、數(shù)詞(基變序，有規(guī)則；一、二、三，自己背；五、八、九、十二；其它后接th；y結(jié)尾，變?yōu)閕,eth跟上去。)first,second,third;fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth;seventh,tenth,thirteenth,hundredth;twenty-twentieth,forty-fortieth,ninety-ninetieth二、初一英語語法——句式1.陳述句肯定陳述句a)Thisisabook.(be動詞)b)Helooksveryyoung.(連系動詞)c)Iwantasweatlikethis.(實義動詞)d)Icanbringsomethingstoschool.(情態(tài)動詞)e)There’sacomputeronmydesk.(Therebe結(jié)構(gòu))否定陳述句a)Thesearen’ttheirbooks.b)Theydon’tlooknice.c)Katedoesn’tgotoNo.4MiddleSchool.d)Katecan’tfindherdoll.e)Thereisn’tacathere.(=There’snocathere.)2.祈使句肯定祈使句a)Pleasegoandasktheman.b)Let’slearnEnglish!c)Comein,please.否定祈使句a)Don’tbelate.b)Don’thurry.3.疑問句1)一般疑問句a)IsJimastudentb)CanIhelpyouc)Doesshelikesaladd)DotheywatchTVe)Isshereading肯定回答:a)Yes,heis.b)Yes,youcan.c)Yes,shedoes.d)Yes,theydo.e)Yes,sheis.否定回答:a)No,heisn’t.b)No,youcan’t.c)No,shedoesn’t.d)No,theydon’t.e)No,sheisn’t.2)選擇疑問句Isthetablebigorsmall回答It’sbig./It’ssmall.3)特殊疑問句①問年齡HowoldisLucySheistwelve.②問種類WhatkindofmoviesdoyoulikeIlikeactionmoviesandcomedies.③問身體狀況HowisyouruncleHeiswell/fine.④問方式Howdo/canyouspellitL-doubleO-K.⑤問原因Whydoyouwanttojointheclub⑥問時間What’sthetime(=Whattimeisit)It’saquartertotena.m..Whattimedoyouusuallygetup,RickAtfiveo’clock.WhendoyouwanttogoLet’sgoat7:00.⑦問地方Where’smybackpackIt’sunderthetable.⑧問顏色WhatcoloraretheyTheyarelightblue.What’syourfavouritecolorIt’sblack.⑨問人物Who’sthatIt’smysister.WhoistheboyinblueMybrother.Whoisn’tatschoolPeterandEmma.WhoareLisaandTimtalkingto⑩問東西What’sthis/that(inEnglish)It’sapencilcase.WhatelsecanyouseeinthepictureIcanseesomebroccoli,strawberriesandhamburgers.11問姓名What’syouraunt’snameHernameisHelen./She’sHelen.What’syourfirstnameMyfirstname’sBen.What’syourfamilynameMyfamilyname’sSmith.12問哪一個WhichdoyoulikeIlikeoneinthebox.13問字母WhatletterisitIt’sbigD/smallf.14問價格HowmucharethesepantsThey’re15dollars.15問電話號碼What’syourphonenumberIt’s576-8349.16問謂語(動作)What’shedoingHe’swatchingTV.17問職業(yè)(身份)WhatdoyoudoWhat’syourfatherHe’sadoctor.句子結(jié)構(gòu)1.S(主）+Vi（不及物動詞）（謂）Timeflies.1)S+V+adverbial(狀語）Birdssingbeautifully.2)S+Vi+prepPhrase（介詞短語）Hewentonholiday.3)S+Vi+Infinitive(不定式）Westoppedtohavearest.4)S+Vi+Participle(分詞）I'llgoswimming.2.S(主）+Vt（及物動詞）（謂）+O（賓）WelikeEnglish.1)S+VT+N/PronIlikemusic.Ilikeher.2)S+VT+infinitive(不定式）Iwanttohelphim.常用于這句型的動詞有：attempt,dare,decide,desire,expect,hope,intend,learn,need,offer,pretend,promise,propose,purpose,refuse,want,wish等。3)S+VT+Wh-Word+InfinitiveIdon'tknowwhattodo.常用于這句型的動詞有：ask,consider,decide,discover,explain,findout,forget,guess,inquire,know,learn,observe,remember,see,settle,tell,think,understand,wonder等。4)S+VT+GerundIenjoylivinghere.常用于這句型的動詞有：admit,advise,avoid,consider,defend,enjoy,excuse,finish,forbid,mind,miss,practise,risk,suggest,giveup,can'thelp等。5)S+VT+That-clauseIdon'tthink(that)heisright.常用于這句型的動詞有：Admit,believe,command,confess,declare,demand,deny,doubt,expect,explain,feel(覺得）,hear（聽說）,hope,imagine,intend,know,mean,mind（當(dāng)心）,notice,propose,request,report,say,see（看出），show,suggest,suppose,think,understand,wish,wonder(覺得奇怪）。3.S(主）+V（謂）（lv)(系動詞）+P（表）WeareChinese.除了be系動詞外，還有一些動詞也可以用作系動詞，1)表感官的動詞，feel,smell,taste,sound,look,appear,seem等。2)表轉(zhuǎn)變變化的動詞，become,get,grow,turn,go,等。3)表延續(xù)的動詞remain,keep,seem,hold,stay,rest等。4)表瞬時的動詞come,fall,set,cut,occur等5)其他動詞eat,lie,prove,ring,run,shine,sit,stand,continue,hang等。1)S+Lv+N/Pron(名詞/代詞）Heisaboy.Thisismine.2)S+Lv+Adj（形容詞）Sheisbeautiful.3)S+Lv+Adv(副詞）Classisover.4)S+Lv+PrepPhraseHeisingoodhealth.5)S+Lv+Participle(分詞）Heisexcited.Thefilmisinteresting.4.S(主）+VT（謂）+InO（間接賓）+DO（直接賓）Igiveyouhelp.1)S+VT+N/Pron+NIsenthimabook.IboughtMayabook.2)S+VT+N/Pron+To/for-phraseHesentabooktome.Heboughtacoatforme.間接賓語前需要加to的常用動詞有：allow,bring,deny,do(帶來），give,grant,hand,leave,lend,offer,owe,pass,pay,permit,promise,read,refuse,render,restore,sell,send,show,teach,tellwish,write等。間接賓語前需要加for的常用動詞有：bring,buy,cash,choose,fetch,get,leave,make,order,paint,play(演奏），save,sing,spare等。5.S(主）+VT（謂）+O（賓）+OC（賓補）Imakeyouclear.1)S+VT+N/Pron+NWenamedourbabyTom.常用于這句型的動詞有：appoint,call,choose,elect,entitle,find,make,name,nominate(命名）。2)S+VT+N/Pron+AdjHepaintedthewallwhite.常用于這句型的動詞有：beat,boil,cut,drive,find,get,hold,keep,leave,like,make,paint,see,set,turn,want,wash,wipe,wish等。3)S+VT+N/Pron+PrepPhraseShealwayskeepseverythingingoodorder.4)S+VT+N/Pron+InfinitiveIwishyoutostay.Imadehimwork常用于這句型的動詞有：a)不定式帶to的詞：advice,allow,ask,beg,cause,choose,command,decide,encourage,expect,force,get,hate,invite,know,leave,like,love,order,permit,persuade,prefer,remain,request,teach,tell,want,warn,wish等。b)不定式不帶to的詞：feel,have,hear,know,let,listento,lookat,make,notice,see,watch等。5)S+VT+N/Pron+Participle(分詞）Iheardmynamecalled.Ifeelsomethingmoving.常用于這句型的動詞有：catch,feel,find,get,have,hear,imagine,keep,leave,listento,lookat,notice,observe,perceive,see,set,smell,start,watch等。6)S+VT+N/Pron+Wh-word+InfinitiveHeshowmehowtodoit.常用于這句型的動詞有：advise,ask,inform,show,teach,tell等。7)S+VT+N/Pron+That-clauseHetoldmethatthefilmwasgreat.常用于這句型的動詞有：assure,inform,promise,remind,teach,tell,warm等。8)S+VT+N/Pron+Wh-ClauseHeaskedmewhatheshoulddo.常用于這句型的動詞有：Advise,ask,inform,show,teach,tell.三、初一英語語法——時態(tài)1、一般現(xiàn)在時表示普遍、經(jīng)常性的或長期性的動作時使用一般現(xiàn)在時，它有：Be動詞：She’saworker.IssheaworkerSheisn’taworker.情態(tài)動詞：Icanplaythepiano.CanyouplaythepianoIcan’tplaythepiano.行為動詞：Theywanttoeatsometomatoes.DotheywanttoeatanytomatoesTheydon’twanttoeatanytomatoes.Ginahasanicewatch.DoesGinahaveanicewatchGinadoesn’thaveawatch.2、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示動詞在此時正在發(fā)生或進(jìn)行就使用進(jìn)行時態(tài)，結(jié)構(gòu)為sbbev-ingsth+其它.I’mplayingbaseball.AreyouplayingbaseballI’mnotplayingbaseball.Nancyiswritingaletter.IsNancywritingaletterNancyisn’twritingaletter.They’relisteningtothepopmusic.AretheylisteningthepopmusicTheyaren’tlisteningtothepopmusic.一．短語：1．befrom=comefrom來自于----2．livein居住在---3．onweekends在周末4．writetosb=writealettertosb給某人寫信；寫信給某人5．intheworld在世界上inChina在中國6．penpal筆友14yearsold14歲favoritesubject最喜歡的科目7．theUnitedStates美國theUnitedKingdom英國NewYork紐約8．speakEnglish講英語likeanddislike愛憎9．gotothemovies去看電影playsports做運動二．重點句式：1Where’syourpenpalfrom=Wheredoesyourpenpalfrom/2Wheredoeshelive3Whatlanguage(s)doeshespeak4IwantapenpalinChina.5IcanspeakEnglishandalittleFrench.6Pleasewriteandtellmeaboutyourself.7Canyouwritetomesoon8Ilikegoingtothemovieswithmyfriendsandplayingsports.三．本單元的國家，人民、語言對應(yīng)。1Canada----Canadian----English/French2France------French------French3Japan------Japanese----Japanese4Australia----Australian-----English5theUnitedStates------American----English6theUnitedKingdom---British-----EnghishUnit2Where’sthepostoffice一．Askingways:(問路)1．Whereis(thenearest)……？（最近的）……在哪里？2．Canyoutellmethewayto……？你能告訴我去……的路嗎？3．HowcanIgetto……？我怎樣到達(dá)……呢？4．Isthere……nearhere/intheneighborhood附近有……嗎？5．Whichisthewayto……？哪條是去……的路？二．Showingtheways:（指路）1.Gostraightdown/alongthisstreet.沿著這條街一直走。2.Turnleftatthesecondturning.在第二個路口向左轉(zhuǎn)。3.Youwillfinditonyourright.你會在你右手邊發(fā)現(xiàn)它。4.Itisaboutonehundredmetresfromhere.離這里大約一百米遠(yuǎn)。5.You’dbettertakeabus.你最好坐公交車去。（You’dbetter+動詞原形）三．詞組1.acrossfrom……在……的對面acrossfromthebank在銀行的對面2.nextto……緊靠……nexttothesupermarket緊靠超市3.between……and……在……和……之間betweentheparkandthezoo在公園和動物園之間among表示位于三者或三者以上之間4.infrontof……在……前面Thereisatreeinfrontoftheclassroom.課室前面有棵樹。inthefrontof……在……（內(nèi)）的前部Thereisadeskinthefrontoftheclassroom.課室內(nèi)的前部有張桌子。5.behind……在……后面behindmyhouse在我家后面6.turnleft/right向左/右拐ontheleft/rightof……在某物的左/右邊ontheleftofourschool在我們學(xué)校的左邊onone’sleft/right在某人的左/右邊onmyleft在我左邊7.gostraight一直走8.down/along……沿著……（街道）down/alongCenterStreet沿著中央街9.intheneighborhood=nearhere在附近10welcometo……歡迎來到……11.take/haveawalk散步12.thebeginningof…………的開始,前端atthebeginningof……在……的開始,前端inthebeginning起初，一開始13.havefun=haveagoodtime=enjoyoneself玩得開心，過得愉快我昨天玩得很開心。Ihadfunyesterday.Ihadagoodtimeyesterday.Ienjoyedmyselfyesterday.14.haveagoodtrip旅途愉快15.takeataxi坐出租車16.到達(dá)：getto+地方gethere/there/home到這/那/家arrivein+大地方IarriveinBeijing.arriveat+小地方Iarriveatthebank.reach+地方17．goacross從物體表面橫過goacrossthestreet橫過馬路gothrough從空間穿過gothroughtheforest穿過樹林18．on+街道的名稱。Eg:onCenterStreetat+具體門牌號+街道的名稱Eg:at6CenterStreet三．重難點解析1．enjoydoingsth享受做某事的樂趣，喜愛做某事Ienjoyreading.我喜愛讀書。到目前為止，我們學(xué)了兩個特殊的動詞finish和enjoy，都是要帶doing.Ifinishcleaningtheroom.我掃完了這間屋子。2．hopetodosth希望做某事Ihopetopassthisexam.我希望通過這次考試。hope+從句Ihopetomorrowwillbefine.我希望明天將會晴朗。（從句即是一個小句子，這個小句子又放在大句子中，從屬于大句子，所以叫從句。如tomorrowwillbefine是一個從句，它又放在Ihope的后面，形成句中有句。）3.if引導(dǎo)一個表示假設(shè)的句子。IfIhavemuchmoney,Iwillgotothemoon.如果我有許多錢，我就會去月球。Ifyouarehungry,youcanbuysomefoodinthesupermarket.如果你餓了的話，你可以在超市買一些食物。四．本單元的反義詞、近義詞配對1new—old2quiet---busy3dirty---clean4big----smallUnit3Whydoyoulikekoalabears一．重點詞組eatgrasseatleavesbequietveryshyverysmartverycuteplaywithherfriendskindofSouthAfricaotheranimalsatnightinthedayeverydayduringtheday二.交際用語1.WhydoyoulikepandasBecausethey’reveryclever.2.WhydoeshelikekoalasBecausethey’rekindofinteresting.3.WherearelionsfromTheyarefromSouthAfrica.4.WhatotheranimalsdoyoulikeIlikedogs,too.WhyBecausethey’refriendlyandclever.5.Mollylikestoplaywithherfriendsandeatgrass.6.She’sveryshy.7.HeisfromAustralia.8．Hesleepsduringtheday,butatnighthegetsupandeatsleaves.9．Heusuallysleepsandrelaxes20hourseveryday.10．Let’sseethepandasfirst.11．They’rekindofinteresting.12．Whatotheranimalsdoyoulike13．Whydoyouwanttoseethelions三.重點難點釋義1、kindof有點，稍微Koalabearsarekindofshy.考拉有點害羞。kind還有“種類”的意思如：各種各樣的allkindsofWehaveallkindsofbeautifulflowersinourschool.2、Chinan.中國African.非洲China和Africa都是專有名詞，首字母都應(yīng)該大寫，而且和介詞in連用。TherearemanykindsoftigersinChina.TherearemanykindsofscaryanimalsinAfrica.3、friendlyadj.友好的，和藹可親的它是名詞friend的形容詞形式，常常和be動詞連用,befriendly。ThepeopleinChengduareveryfriendly.4、wit