2021-2022年寧夏回族自治區(qū)吳忠市大學(xué)英語6級大學(xué)英語六級知識點匯總（含答案）

2021-2022年寧夏回族自治區(qū)吳忠市大學(xué)英語6級大學(xué)英語六級知識點匯總（含答案）學(xué)校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

TheicetonguegrowingoutfromtheGreenlandcoastusedtorejectsaltbackintothewater,making______heavierandhelpingittosink.

2.

Themobilehandsethascompletelyturnedintothenextcomputer.

A.YB.NC.NG

3.

AccordingtoEdwardSurarez,peoplewhohavetodomanytasksareproneto______.

4.

Theelectrostaticprecipitatorhasgotridof______frommanufacturingprocesses.

A.severeemissions

B.ozone-layerdepletion

C.manypollutants

D.toxicsubstances

5.

Now,thereareabout200,000medicalrepresentativesallovertheworld.

A.YB.NC.NG

6.America'sHotSchools

Competition'sintenseandtherearescoresofcolleges.Large,small,public,private,urban,rural—what'sbestforyou?Hereareourtoppicksfortheplacesthateveryone'stalkingaboutfor2005.

Newsweek2005edition—PullaparttheNBAofastudent'sdreamschoolandyou'llfindsomanydifferentstrands.Perhapsit'sthelocation,eitherintherollingcountry-sidefarfromanythingthatresemblesasidewalk,orinthemidstofanurbanneighborhood.Itcouldbeacollege'suniqueeducationalmissionorthearrayofquirkypersonalitiesoncampus.Maybeit'stheoutstandinglabsorlibrariesortheaters,eventhefitnesscenter.All25collegesontheHotListfor2005haveonethingincommon:theyprovideanoutstandingeducation.Butwhatmakesthemhotistheirdifferencesandspecialtraits.

Althoughalltheseschoolshavedemonstratedcontinuingexcellence,variousqualitiesmademanyofthemstandoutin2004.TheIraqwar,aswellasitsaftermath,highlightedtheimportanceofwell-educatedmilitaryleadershipandsomestudentsthinkofapplyingtoAnnapolisorWestPoint.ThedebateoverEarlyDecision(ED)admissionspoliciespromptedanumberofapplicantstotryschoolslikeYaleorStanfordthathaveledtheefforttoreduceEDstressonstudents.ThecontroversyoveraffirmativeactionmotivatedotherstudentstoseekoutschoolslikeWesleyanthatcelebratediversity.

HOTTESTIVY

YaleUniversity,NewHaven,Conn.

YalepresidentRichardLevinhasbeenaleaderineffortstochangeEDadmissionspolicies,andthatisprobablyonereasontheuniversitywasatthetopofsomanyambitiousstudents'liststhisyear.Arecord19,682studentsappliedin2003,butonly1,955wereadmitted.The2004--2005seasoncouldbearepeat.UndergraduateAdmissionsDeanRichardShawsaysthenumberofcampusvisitshasincreaseddramatically—agoodindicatorofafuturespike(高峰)inapplications.Yaliessayabigattractionoftheirundergraduateexperienceistheresidential—collegesystem.Studentsliveinoneof12colleges,eachwithitsowncharacter,undertheguidanceofamasterandadean.

HOTTESTSCHOOLFORTHEARTS

JuilliardSchool,NewYork,N.Y.

Juilliardturns100inthe2005—2006academicyear,andthecurrentcropofstudentscanlookbackonanimpressivehistorywithsuchalumniasactorKevinKline,violinistItzhakPerlmanandchoreographer(芭蕾舞創(chuàng)作者)LarLubovitch.Tocelebrate,theschoolwillintroducenewchoreography,productionsandperformances.Thestudentorchestra,whichalreadyperformsabroad,willembarkonitsfirstdomestictour.In2003—2004,Juilliardreceived2,016applications;only152musicians,dancersandactorswereofferedthechancetoshowcasetheirtalentintheJulliardTheaterrightnexttoLincolnCenter.That'sthebestinspirationforanyaspiringstar.

HOTTTESTLIBRARY

HarvardUniversity,Cambridge,Mass.

Harvard'slibrarysystemrankswiththebestofanykindinthecountry,eventheCongress."Itcontainsthelargestcollectionofeverykindofbookandbitofinformationanyonewouldeverwant,sayslibrarydirectorSidneyVerba.Thecollectionincludesmorethan15millionvolumes,5.5millionmicroforms,6.5millionmanuscriptsand5millionotherresearchmaterialssuchasphotographs,mapsandrecordings.Evenundergraduatestakeadvantageoftheseresourcesforwritingtermpapersandseniortheses.Harvard,digitalcollectionisparticularlystrong,andabigdrawforstudentswhowantaccesstojustabouteveryonlinejournalaround.

&nb

A.YB.NC.NG

7.

Only______beallowedtoentertheancientOlympicGames.

8.Bluetooth

Whenyouusecomputers,entertainmentsystemsortelephones,thevariouspieces-andpartsofthesystemsmakeupacommunityofelectronicdevices.Thesedevicescommunicatewitheachotherusingavarietyofwires,cables,radiosignalsandinfraredlight(紅外線)beams,andanevengreatervarietyofconnectorsandplugs.

Theartofconnectingthingsisbecomingmoreandmorecomplexeveryday.AndBluetoothhasnowbecomeanewpopularmethodofconnectingdevicesthatcanstreamlinetheprocess.ABluetoothconnectioniswirelessandautomatic,andittakessmall-areanetworkingtothenextlevelbyremovingtheneedforuserinterventionandkeepingtransmissionpowerextremelylowtosavebatterypower.

BluetoothOperation

Bluetoothnetworkingtransmitsdatavialow-powerradiowaves.Itcommunicatesonafrequencyof2.45gigahertz(千兆赫)(actuallybetween2.402GHzand2.480GHz,tobeexact).Thisfrequencybandhasbeensetasidebyinternationalagreementfortheuseofindustrial,scientificandmedicaldevices(ISM).

Anumberofdevicesthatyoumayalreadyusetakeadvantageofthissameradio-frequencyband.Babymonitors(微型監(jiān)視器),garage-dooropenersandthenewestgenerationofcordlessphonesallmakeuseoffrequenciesintheISMband.

OneofthewaysBluetoothdevicesavoidinterferingwithothersystemsisbysendingoutveryweaksignalsofabout1milliwatt.Bycomparison,themostpowerfulcellphonescantransmitasignalof3watts.ThelowpowerlimitstherangeofaBluetoothdevicetoabout10meters(32feet),cuttingthechancesofinterferencebetweenyourcomputersystemandyourportabletelephoneortelevision.Evenwiththelowpower,Bluetoothdoesn'trequirelineofsightbetweencommunicatingdevices.Thewallsinyourhousewon'tstopaBluetoothsignal,makingthestandardusefulforcontrollingseveraldevicesindifferentrooms.

Bluetoothcanconnectuptoeightdevicessimultaneously.Withallofthosedevicesinthesame10-meter(32-foot)radius,youmightthinkthey'dinterferewithoneanother,butit'sun-likely.Bluetoothusesatechniquecalledspread-spectrum(擴(kuò)展頻譜)frequencythatmakesitrareformorethanonedevicetobetransmittingonthesamefrequencyatthesametime.Inthistechnique,adevicewilluse79individual,randomlychosenfrequencieswithinadesignatedrange,changingfromonetoanotheronaregularbasis.InthecaseofBluetooth,thetransmitterschangefrequencies1,600timeseverysecond,meaningthatmoredevicescanmakefulluseofalimitedsliceoftheradiospectrum.SinceeveryBluetoothtransmitterusesspread-spectrumtransmittingautomatically,it'sunlikelythattwotransmitterswillbeonthesamefrequencyatthesametime.ThissametechniqueminimizestheriskthatportablephonesorbabymonitorswilldisruptBluetoothdevices,sinceanyinterferenceonaparticularfrequencywilllastonlyatinyfractionofasecond.

Piconets(個人域網(wǎng)絡(luò))

Let'ssayyouhaveatypicalmodernlivingroomwiththetypicalmodernstuffinside.There'sanentertainmentsystemwithastereo,aDVDplayer,asatelliteTVreceiverandatelevision;there'salsoacordlesstelephoneandapersonalcomputer.EachofthesesystemsusesBluetooth,andeachformsitsownpiconettotalkbetweenthemainunitandperipheral(外圍設(shè)備).

ThecordlesstelephonehasoneBluetoothtransmitterinthebaseandanotherinthehandset.Themanufacturerhasprogrammedeachunitwithanaddressthatfallsintoarangeofad-dressesithasestablishedforaparticulartypeofdevice.Whenthebaseisfirstturnedon,itsendsradiosignalsaskingforaresponsefromanyunitswithanaddressinaparticularrange.Sincethehandsethasanaddressintherange,itresponds,andatinynetworkisformed.Now,evenifoneofthesedevicesshouldreceiveasignal

A.YB.NC.NG

9.

Ventlifediesquicklywhenexposedtolight.

A.YB.NC.NG

10.AccordingtoKevinLygo,theBBCfailstoattractyoungerviewersbecauseitsprogramsare______.

A.toorebellious

B.abitconservativeandoutdated

C.lackinginintegrity

D.toohigh-minded

11.

TheAIDSvirusisspreadthroughtheexchangeofinfectedbloodorbodyfluidsreleasedduringsexualactivity.

A.YB.NC.NG

12.

There'slittleagreementonwhatintermarriagewillmeanforU.S.societyinthefutureasthereisalackofofficialnumbers,aheightenedtensionsurroundingracialissues,andthemutualsuspicionthatexistsamongdifferentracialgroups.

A.YB.NC.NG

13.

_____isageneralmechanismthatservestheentireanimalkingdom.

14.

AccordingtotheUSDA,______tendtobereducedinorganicfoodproduction.

15.Thevolunteersweresurprisedatthefactthatineverydaydecision-making,people'sbeliefsareoften______.

16.

Whatdolocalresidentsclaimfor?

A.Theyaresickbecauseofyearsofpollution.

B.Theyeresickbecauseofpesticidesfromagriculture.

C.Theyeresickbecauseofindustriesontheirdoorsteps.

D.Theyaresickbecauseofairpollution.

17.

Inthecaseofnegotiatingdivorce,anegotiatorisaskedtoconform.totheprincipleof______.

18.

Salopeksaidthathe______toSudantoreportagainalthoughtherewerealotofdifficulties.

19.Whatshouldpeopledoduringthewarming-upexerciseforrunning?

A.Trytorunatabreathlessspeed.

B.Increasethepaceinagradualway.

C.Keeptalkingwiththeircompanions.

D.Warmupthemusclesbystretching.

20.

PaulwasconcernednotonlyabouthisownsafetybutaboutthesafetyofhisSudanesedriverandinterpreter.

A.YB.NC.NG

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.

【B8】

22.(32)

A.Hewasoneofthebest-educatedmenoftheWest.

B.Hewasthebest-knownlawyerinIllinois.

C.HewastheonlyUnitedStatesPresidentwhoWasbornintoapoorfamilyandhadlittleformaleducation.

D.Hewasoneoftheworld'sgreatestmenofalltime.

23.(28)

A.Toshowpeoplehowtogettheirlivesbacktonormal.

B.Toshowhowdifficultitisforpeopletoloseweight.

C.Toremindpeopletocheckthecaloriesonfoodbags.

D.Toillustratehoweasilypeopleabandontheirgoals.

24.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

聽力原文：W:Johnseemstohave10stalotofweightrecently.

M:Yes,he'sbeentraininghardwiththesoccerteam.

Q:WhathasJohnbeendoingrecently?

(12)

A.Travelingalot.

B.Gettingalotofexercise.

C.Workingtoohard.

D.Waitingforthetrain.

25.

【B4】

26.

【B5】

27.

【B7】

28.(16)

A.Fuelcannotbetransportedtothenortheasternstates.

B.Therearetoofewhousesinthenortheast.

C.Peopleinthenortheastareinexperiencedindealingwithsnow.

D.Coldweatherinthenortheasthasincreasedthedemandforfuel.

29.(19)

A.Someonehiredbytheautoclub.

B.Herepairedithimself.

C.Aprivatemechanichephoned.

D.Apassingpolicepatrolcar.

30.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

(12)

A.Becausesheisnotinterestedinthetopic.

B.Becauseherroomistoolittletoagreetoit.

C.Becauseshedidn'thaveenoughtimeforit.

D.Becauseshedoesn'thaveenoughmoneytoattendit.

31.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽力原文：StudiesshowthattelevisionplaysabigpartinthelivesoftheAmericans,especiallychildren.Childrenundertheageoffivewatch25hoursoftelevisionaweek.Youngschoolchildrenwatch29hoursaweek.(26)Highschoolstudentswatch13hoursaweek.Scientistssaythebiggesteffectisonchildrenwhoare3or4yearsold.(27)Thesechildrendonotalwaysunderstandwhatisrealandwhatisimaginary.Tothem,everythingthathappensontelevisionisreal.Theyseetelevisionasatruepictureoftheworld.ThisisonereasonwhymanypeopleareconcernedabouttheamountofviolenceonAmericantelevision.Morethan3thousandstudieshavebeendoneonthelinkbetweenviolenceontelevisionandviolenceamongchildren.(28)Mostofthestudiesshowthatchildrenwhowatchagreatdealofviolenceontelevisionaremoreaggressive.Theyfightmorewithotherchildren,andtheyaremorewillingtouseaggressiontosolveconflicts.Thestudiesalsoshowthatchildrenwhowatchviolencecarelessaboutthevictimsofrealviolence.Manyexpertssaythisincreaseinaggressionaddstotheincreaseincriminalviolence.Manyexpertssaythisshowsthatchildrenwhowatchedalotofviolenceontelevisionwhentheywere8yearsoldaremorelikelytobefoundguiltyofaviolentcrimewhentheyarethirty.(28)Expertsalsosaythatpeoplewhowatchalotofviolenceontelevisionmaybemorewillingtoacceptrealviolenceinsociety.

(27)

A.It'sabout29hoursaweek.

B.It'salmost25hoursaweek.

C.Forhighschoolstudents,it'sabout13hours.

D.Maybelessthan5hours.

32.【B7】

33.(17)

A.Shedecidedtobuyagoldnecklace.

B.Shedecidedtobuyapairofgoldearrings.

C.Shedecidedtobuyapairofgoldearringsandnecklace.

D.Shedecidestobuyapairofsilverearrings.

34.(35)

A.Symbolsofhappiness.

B.Symbolsofgreatness.

C.Examplesofcourageanddetermination.

D.Examplesofglory.

35.(21)

A.Abonus.B.Agift.C.Knowledge.D.Excitement.

36.聽力原文：W:I'mlearningalotinmyphilosophyclass.Haveyouevertakenanycoursesinthatdepartment?

M:Onlytheonelastyear,nonesincethen.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

(16)

A.Hecouldn'tmakeanysenseoutofhiscourse.

B.Hehasn'ttakenmorethanonephilosophycourse.

C.Heisaphilosophymajor.

D.Hehasn'ttakenanyphilosophycourseinthatdepartment.

37.聽力原文：M:Excuseme,areyouwaitingtobuyconcerttickets?

W:Yes,Iam.Soareallthesepeopleinfrontofme.

M:Haveyoubeenherelong?

W:About45minutes.I'vemovedforwardatotalabout3feetinthattime.

M:You'rekidding!

W:Notatall.Therewasacoupleupaheadofmewhogotsodisgustedtheyfinallygaveupandleft.Theysaidthey'dbeenwaitingformorethananhour.

M:Doesanyoneknowwhat'scausingthedelay?

W:Ifso,noone'slettingusknow.Itcouldbethattherearen'tenoughpeoplesellingticketsthisafternoon.Ormaybetheircomputer'sdown.I'msuretheconcerthasn'tbeencanceled.

M:Ijusthopetheydon'trunoutofticketsbeforeIgetupthere.

W:Thatreallywouldbeannoying,wouldn'tit?

M:IguessIshouldhavecomebeforelunch.Orhasitbeenlikethisallday?

W:Apparentlyithas.Infact,beforeIcame,Itriedcallingtochargemyticketsoverthephone,justtoavoidthislongwait,butthey'renottakingphoneorders,orchecks,orcreditcards.It'scashornothing.Andyouhavetocomeinperson.

M:Well,there'retwomorehoursbeforetheticketofficecloses.Ticketstoagoodconcertareworthwaitingfor.SoIthinkI'lljustmakemyselfcomfortable.

(23)

A.It'scrowdedwithpeople.

B.It'sfullofcomputers.

C.LunchisbeingServedthere.

D.Onlyfewpeopleinthere.

38.(31)

A.Coupleslivingtogether.

B.Gaycouples.

C.Thedivorced.

D.Thewidowed.

39.【B2】

40.(26)

A.Itsauthorisunknown.

B.It'susefulasateachingtool.

C.Itusesanextensivevocabulary.

D.Childrenfinditrepetitiveandboring.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.Itisprettyhopelessasavenueforopera,ittookyearstobuild,itsarchitectwasforcedtoresignanditwasneverproperlyfinishedinside.Noneofthismatters.TheSydneyOperaHouse,bythereclusiveDanisharchitectJornUtzon,isthemotherandfatherofallmodernlandmarkbuildings.Ithascometodefinenotonlyacity,butanentirenationandcontinent.

Beyondthat,itisaglobalexpressionofculturalmodernity.EveryoneintheworldwithmediaaccessknowswhattheSydneyOperaHouselookslike.Firstdesignedin1956andfinallydeclaredcompletedin1973,theoperahousewasthesinglebestknownmodernbuildingintheworlduntilthearrivalofFrankGehry'sequallyextraordinaryBilbaoGuggenheimin1997.ButitwilloutlivetheGuggenheimasaninternationalarchitecturalicon--becauseitdidallthedifficultworktint.

Inthepantheon(萬神殿)ofclassicmodernbuildings,Utzon'screationhasthestatusofmyth.Themythstatesthattheunknownarchitect,theninhisthirties,submittedroughsketchestothecompetitionjudges,thatheignoredmostoftherules,thathisasonlyselectedafterbeingpluckedatthelastmomentfromtherejectedpilebyoneofthejudges,andthatthedesignwasunbuildable.

ButSydneyisremarkableforanotherreason:itisacompleteone-off.Itdoesnotfitintoanystylisticorchronologicalcategory.NoneofUtzon'sotherbuildings--churches,governmentdepartments,house.looksanythinglikeit,andarchitectstodaywhotrytocopyhisconceptalwaysenduplookingverysecond-rateindeed.Itis"modern",certainly,butitisanexpressivemodernismthatwasquiteatoddswiththerectilinear(直線的)"internationalstyle"ofitstime.IthasmoreincommonwiththeworkoftheAmericangeniusFrankUloydWright,forwhomUtzonworkedbriefly.Ofcourseitslocationisanenormoushelp,sittingasitdoesonapromontorywithwateronthreesidesandthefamousSydneyHarborBridgeasapicture-postcardbackdrop.ButUtzonmasterlyexploitedthesiteasnobodyelsecould.

UtzonleftAustraliainhighindignationin1966,nevertoreturn,beforehecouldfinishdesigningtheinteriors.

AswithSirChristopherWrenatStPaul'sCathedral,Utzonwashumiliatedandremovedfromoverseeingthefinalstagesofhismasterwork.Butforallhismanifolddifficulties,whichothercontemporaryarchitectcanclaimanequivalentachievement?TheSydneyOperaHouseshowedusthatanythingispossible,anditdemonstratedthatsheer,seductivebeautyforitsownsakeisnothingtobeashamedof.

Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat______.

A.theDanisharchitectJoinUtzontotallyfailedinhisdesignofSydneyOperaHouseandwasforcedtoresign

B.theDanisharchitectJornUtzonhasbeenmadeknownasthefounderofallthemodernlandmarkbuildings,inspiteofhispartfailureinhisdesignofSydneyOperaHouse

C.SydneyOperaHouseishopelesslyuglyandhasneverbeenfinishedinside

D.SydneyOperaHouseisthesinglebestknownmodernbuildingintheworlduptonow

42.

WhyshouldtherooftopgardenbebuiltonthetopofCityHallotherthanonanyotherbuildings?

A.BecausetheCityHallislarge.

B.Becausethemayorhadurgedtheenvironmentaldepartmenttodoso.

C.Becauseitcanmakepeopleunderstandtheirimpactonenvironmentbetterthroughapublicbuilding.

D.BecausetheexpertsjustwanttomaketheCityHallaconvenientlaboratory.

43.

Accordingtothepassage,itcanbeconcludedthat______.

A.ithassomethingtodowithparentswhetheroneisfatornot

B.therearemanyfactorsthatleadtooverweight

C.itisthehormonesinsulinthatmakesyoufat

D.yougainweightbecauseyoustopdieting

44.

AccordingtoGovernorPataki,theWorldTradeCentertobebuilt______.

A.willhavethegreatestpowergeneration

B.willnotdependtoomuchonforeignenergy

C.showsNewYorkers'determinationtorestorethedevastatedareas

D.isamemoryofthosewhodiedintheSeptember11attacks

45.

Whatisthepropermeaningoftheword"cue"inthesecondparagraph?

A.CommunicationB.HintC.ExplanationD.Production

46.Whatdoeshumansocietydependontomakeprogressaccordingtotheauthor?

47.

Ina"primarysuccession",whatmakesitpossibleformossestotakeroot?

A.Thetypeofrock.

B.Theamountofsunlight.

C.Theamountofmoisture.

D.Theeffectoflichens.

48.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

"ThisIsYourBrainonMusic"

Neuroscientist(神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)科學(xué)家)DanielLevitin'swonderfulnewbookexplainswhymusicisacriticalstepinhumanevolutionandwhythesongswelovedasteensremainstuckon"play"inourheads.

Ifyouhappenedtohavebeenbornbetweenabout1978and1981,there'safairchanceyoucountyourselfanobsessiveoftheSouthernCaliforniarockbandWeezer.Theaffectionwouldnotmakesensetothoseevenjustabitolderoryounger,whomightregardWeezer'sguitarpopascleverandpleasingbutalsosomewhattooshallowtohavemuchlastingsignificance.Thoseofacertainage,though,experiencedthegroup's1994eponymousdebutrelease,knowntofansastheBlueAlbum,asathingofpreciseandoverflowingemotion—10tracksthatfunctionedlikekeystosecretlocksintheteenagebrain,openingupalltheawkwardnessandanxiousnessofthosemelodramatichighschoolyears.

Weallhavemusiclikethis,musicthatburnsintothesoulwhenwe'reyoungandremainsessentialfortherestoftime.FormeitwastheBlueAlbumandanythingtheSmashingPumpkinsdidupuntilabout1998.Foryouit'ssomethingelse,butit'ssurelysomething—there'satapeorrecordorCDthatonceknockedyououtwithaforcethat,cheesyasitistoremember,feltliketruelove.Putononeofthosesongsnowand,ifit'sbeenalongtime,theeffectislikeanoldmovie;thescenesplaybackforyouinentireexhilaratingreels.What'shappeningwhenmusiccapturesyouinthiswaydeservessomescrutiny.Youmayfeellikethesongsaregrabbingyourheart,butwhat'sactuallygoingonisinyourhead.There,saysDanielJ.Levitininhisnewbook"ThisIsYourBrainonMusic,"an"exquisiteorchestrationofbrainregions"areengagedina"precisionchoreographyofneurochemical(影響神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的化學(xué)物質(zhì))uptakeandrelease."Whyhumanbeingsmakeandenjoymusicis,inLevitin'stelling,adeliciousstoryofevolution,anatomy,perceptionandcomputation—astorythat'sallthemorethrillingwhenyouconsideritsresult,thejoyoflivinginaworldfilledwithmusic.

Whatdoyouknowabout"ThisIsYourBrainonMusic"fromthispassage?

49.Itisbelievedthatwomenarestill______intheeconomydespitetheBLSdata.

50.

Accordingtothepassage,whohasthegreatestdegreeofcontrolinanadministeredsystem?

A.Individual

B.Smallbusinesses

C.Majorcorporations

D.Thegovernment

51.(62)

52.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Islanguage,likefood,abasichumanneedwithoutwhichachildinacriticalperiodoflifecanbestarvedanddamaged?JudgingfromthedrasticexperimentofFrederickIIinthethirteenthcentury,itmaybe.Hopingtodiscoverwhatlanguageachildwouldspeakifheheardnomothertongue,hetoldthenursestokeepsilent.

Alltheinfantsdiedbeforethefirstyear.But,clearlytherewasmorethanlackoflanguagehere.Whatwasmissingwasgoodmothering.Withoutgoodmothering,inthefirstyearoflifeespecially,thecapacitytosurviveisseriouslyaffected.

TodaynosuchlackexistsasthatorderedbyFrederick.Nevertheless,somechildrenarestillbackwardinspeaking.Mostofthereasonforthisisthatthemotherisinsensitivetothesignalsoftheinfant,whosebrainisprogrammedtolearnlanguagerapidly.Ifthesesensitiveperiodsareneglected,theidealtimeforacquiringskillspassesandtheymightneverbelearnedsoeasilyagain.Abirdlearnstosingandtoflyrapidlytherighttime,buttheprocessisslowandoncethecriticalstagehaspassed.

Expertssuggestthatspeechstagesarereachedinafixedsequenceandataconstantage,buttherearecaseswherespeechhasstartedlateinachildwhoeventuallyturnsouttobeofhighIQ.Attwelveweeksbabysmilesandmakesvowel-likesounds;attwelvemonthshecanspeaksimplewordsandunderstandsimplecommands;ateighteenmonthshehasavocabularyofthreetofiftywords.Atthreeheknowsabout1,000wordswhichhecanputintosentences,andatfourhislanguagediffersfromthatofhisparentsinstyle.ratherthangrammar.

Recentevidencesuggeststhataninfantisbornwiththecapacitytospeak.Whatisspecialaboutman'sbrain,comparedwiththatofthemonkey,isthecomplexsystemwhichenablesachildtoconnectthesightandfeelof,say,atoy-bearwiththesoundpattern"toy-bear'.Andevenmoreincredibleistheyoungbrain'sabilitytopickoutanorderinlanguagefromthemixtureofsoundaroundhim,toanalyze,tocombineandrecombinethepartsofalanguageinnewways.

Butspeechhastobeinduced,andthisdependsoninteractionbetweenthemotherandthechild,wherethemotherrecognizesthesignalsinthechild'sbabbling,graspingandsmiling,andrespondstothem.Sensitivitytothechild'snon-verbalsignalsisessentialtothegrowthanddevelopmentoflanguage.

FrederickII'sexperimentwasto______.

A.findoutwhatrolecarefulnursingwouldplayinteachingchildtospeak

B.discoverwhatlanguageachildwouldspeakwithouthearinganyhumanspeech

C.provethatchildrenarebornwiththeabilitytospeak

D.provethatachildbedamagedwithoutlearningalanguage

53.TheUKprovideda$3.3billionloantoIcelandinorderto______.

54.

Inordertoenabletheintelligentrobottodealwithanunexpectedsituation,thecomputersinitmustdothefollowingthingsexcept______.

A.havingalargeamountofinformation

B.makingchoicesabouthowtoact

C.studyingthesi