新人教選擇性必修三unit3 知識(shí)清單

UNI3知識(shí)清單一、詞匯派生1.starvevi.&vt.(使)挨餓；餓死→starvationn．餓死；挨餓；絕食2.sustainvt.維持；遭受；承受住→sustainableadj.可持續(xù)的；合理利用的3.comprehensiveadj.全部的；所有的；詳盡的→comprehensionn．理解

4.frequentadj.頻繁的；經(jīng)常的→frequentlyadv.頻繁地；經(jīng)?！鷉requencyn．頻率；頻繁

5.restrictvt.限制；限定；束縛→restrictionn.限制規(guī)定;限制法規(guī)；約束→restrictiveadj.限制的；限制性的；約束的6.harmonyn．協(xié)調(diào)；和睦；融洽；調(diào)和→harmoniousadj.和諧的7.originn.起源；開始→originaladj.原始的；最初的；獨(dú)創(chuàng)的；新穎的→originatevi.&vt.起源；發(fā)源；創(chuàng)立8.regularadj.定期的；規(guī)律的→regularlyadv.定期地；規(guī)律地→regulationn.章程；規(guī)章制度

9.inspectvt.檢查；查看；視察→inspectionn.檢查；查看；視察10.toleratevt.忍受；包容；容許→tolerantadj.寬容的；容忍的→tolerancen.寬容；容忍11.annualadj.每年的；一年的n.年刊；年鑒→annuallyadv.每年；年年12.reformvi.&vt.改革；(使)改正；改造n.改革；變革；改良→reformationn.改進(jìn)；改革；變革→reformern.改革者；改良者；革新者

→reformistadj.改革主義的n.改革主義者；改革者13.conservationn.(對(duì)環(huán)境、文物等)保護(hù)；保持

→conservativeadj.保守的；因循守舊的→conservev.保護(hù)；保存二、一詞多義1.release

vt.&n.排放；釋放；發(fā)布①Firefighterstooktwohoursto

release

thedriverfromthewreckage.(vt.釋放)②Undertheagreement，releases

ofcancer-causingchemicalswillbecutbyabout80percent.(n.排放)③Heis

releasing

analbumoflovesongs.(vt.發(fā)布)2.seize

vt.抓??；奪??；控制①“Leigh，”hesaid，seizing

myarmtoholdmeback.

(vt.抓住)②Troopshave

seized

theairportandrailwayterminals[vt.(鐵路樞紐).奪取]③UNofficialssaytwomilitaryobserverswere

seizedbytheKhmerRougeyesterday.(vt.控制)三、知識(shí)要點(diǎn)1.starvevi.&vt.(使)挨餓；餓死Thenewjobdoesn'tpayasmuchbutwewon'tstarve!新工作的工資不多，不過我們不至于挨餓！Anumberoftheprisonerswesawarestarving.我們看到的一些囚犯快要餓死了。[造句]如果你再浪費(fèi)糧食，我就讓你挨餓。Ifyouwasteanyfoodagain，Iwillstarveyou.[知識(shí)拓展]starvetodeath餓死starvefor...渴望；急需→starvedadj.感到很餓的bestarvedtodeath被餓死bestarvedof/for...極需；缺乏→starvationn.挨餓；餓死dieofstarvation餓死→starvingadj.饑餓的；挨餓的[小片段助記]Mr.Whiteearnsonlyalittlewage，sohestarvesforajobwithbetterpay.Yousee，noonelikestostarvetodeath.

2.referto...查閱，參考；涉及，關(guān)于；提到，談起，指的是；提交Ipromisednottorefertothematteragain.我答應(yīng)過不再提這事了。Pleaserefertotheright-handcolumnofpage200ofthisdictionary.請(qǐng)參看這本詞典第二百頁右面一欄。[造句]那句話與她無關(guān)。Thatremarkdoesnotrefertoher.→

referencen.

提到;談及;參考;查詢;查閱forreference作參考keepitforreference備作參考inreferencetothatincident關(guān)于那件事withoutreferenceto...不管,不論,與…無關(guān)3.betrappedin被困在……中Ifthebuswastrappedinthesnow，therewasvirtuallynowaytoevacuatethosefourkids.如果公共汽車被困在暴風(fēng)雪中，那么幾乎沒有方法使這四個(gè)孩子撤離。Hewastrappedinanunhappymarriage.他陷入不幸的婚姻之中。[造句]她被困在燃燒著的房子里了。Shewastrappedintheburninghouse.[小片段助記]Thehuntersetatrapwhichwasusedtotraptheanimalintomovingintothetrap.Butthelittleboyfellintothetrapbyaccident.

4.resultin...導(dǎo)致；造成Foodallergiescanresultinanenormousvarietyofdifferentsymptoms.食物過敏會(huì)引發(fā)很多不同的癥狀。Thesepoliciesresultedinmanyelderlypeoplefeelinghappy.這些政策使得許多老人感到幸福。[造句]

當(dāng)你有信心的去做某事，就會(huì)成功。Whenyoudosomethingwithfaith，itwillresultinsuccess.[知識(shí)拓展]resultfrom...由……引起，由……產(chǎn)生Successresultsfromhardwork.成功來自努力的工作。Hisillnessresultedfrombadfood.他的病是由于吃了變質(zhì)的食物所致。asaresult

因此asaresultof...由于...Hewasill.

Asaresult，hewaslateforclass.＝Asaresultof

hisillness，hewaslateforclass.

5.restrictvt.限制；限定；束縛Havingsmallchildrentendstorestrictyourfreedom.有年幼的孩子往往會(huì)限制你的自由。Thelongskirtrestrictedhermovements.長裙妨礙了她的行動(dòng)。[造句]不要限制她的適當(dāng)?shù)幕顒?dòng)。Don'trestrictherproperactivities.[知識(shí)拓展]restrict...to...把……限制在……berestrictedto...

限于restrictsb./oneselftodoingsth.約束……干……Irestrictmyselftoonecupofcoffeeaday.Werestrictthenumberofstudentsperclassto10.→restrictionn.限制規(guī)定；限制法規(guī)；控制withoutrestriction毫無限制

Theparkisopentothepublicwithoutrestriction．→restrictiveadj.限制(性)的；約束(性)的

6.seizevt.抓住；奪??；控制Shetriedtoseizethegunfromhim.她試圖搶奪他的槍。Thearmyhasseizedcontrolofthecountry.軍隊(duì)已經(jīng)控制全國。[造句]這是我們要明智把握的一個(gè)共同機(jī)遇。Thisisajointopportunitythatwearewisetoseize.

7.submitvt.&vi.提交；呈遞；屈服；順從；認(rèn)為Completedprojectsmustbesubmittedby10March.完成的方案必須在3月10日前提交上來。ButIcannotsubmit，Icanbecomemyownmaster.但我并不會(huì)屈服的，我會(huì)成為自己的主人的。[造句]被告律師認(rèn)為這一證據(jù)不可采納。Counselforthedefencesubmittedthattheevidencewasinadmissible.[小片段助記]Thegeneralhadtosubmittheagreementtotheenemies.Thatistosay，hesubmittedtothem.[知識(shí)拓展]submitoneselfto...甘受……；服從……

submit...to...向……提交……→submissionn.提交的文件；屈服；服從8.besensitiveto...對(duì)……敏感Ilearnedthatafishisakindofcold-bloodedanimalandthereforeisverysensitivetowatertemperature.→sensibleadj.明智的；意識(shí)到的besensibleof...意識(shí)到……；認(rèn)識(shí)到……Ifyouarenotsensibleofthedangersofyourposition,youwillsufferalotsoonerorlater.→sensen.感覺；見識(shí)；意義；理智vt.感覺到makesense講得通；有道理makesenseof...理解；弄懂inasense在某種意義上innosense決不(置于句首句子用倒裝)Innosensecantheissuebesaidtoberesolved.

9.endup＋adj./v.-ing最后/最終……endupas...最終成為或變成……endupwith...以……結(jié)束(后接表示具體事物的名詞)endupin...以……結(jié)束(后接表示抽象概念的名詞)endupwith...后接表示具體事物的名詞，該名詞是事情發(fā)展的最后一部分；endupin...后接表示抽象概念的名詞，該名詞是指事情發(fā)展的結(jié)果。①Youwillendupinfailureifyoudon'tfollowmyadvice.②Ifyoudon'tknowwhatyouwant,youmightendupgettingsomethingyoudon'twant.

[造句]①你在睡覺前聞一聞這些花，即可終得美夢(mèng)。Smelltheflowersbeforeyougotosleep,andyoumayjustendupwithsweetdreams.

②他努力工作，最終成了這家公司的總經(jīng)理。Heworkedhardandendedupasgeneralmanagerofthecompany.四、重點(diǎn)句式1.Thereislittledoubtthat...[教材原句P26]ThereislittledoubtthatEarthisgettingwarmerandwarmer.毫無疑問，地球正變得越來越暖和。句式分析：Thereislittle/nodoubtthat...毫無疑問……；doubt后面用that引導(dǎo)同位語從句；當(dāng)doubt用于否定句和疑問句時(shí)，后面的從句用that引導(dǎo)；用于肯定句時(shí)，后面的從句用whether引導(dǎo)。[例1]Thereisnodoubtthatitwasastrangeandinterestingsituation.毫無疑問，那是一個(gè)奇怪而有趣的局面。[例2]Thereisnodoubtatallthatwedidtherightthing.毫無疑問，我們做得對(duì)。[造句]他是否會(huì)來幫助我們還有些疑慮。Thereissomedoubtwhetherhewillcometohelpus.[知識(shí)拓展](1)Ihavenodoubtthat...我確信……Ihavesomedoubtwhether...

我懷疑……(2)Idoubtwhether/if-clause我懷疑……Idon'tdoubtthatclause我不懷疑……Doyoudoubtthatclause?你懷疑……嗎？

①Idon'tdoubtthathewillsucceed.

②Idoubtwhether/ifwewillmakeaprofitoutofit.③Thereissomedoubtwhether

shewillcomeontime.

2.notonly...butalso...[教材原句P27]Thereisstrongandcomprehensiveevidencethattheriseintemperaturehasledtoanincreaseinextremeweatherandnaturaldisastersworldwide，notonlycausingseriousdamage，butalsocostinghumanlives.有確鑿而全面的證據(jù)表明，氣溫上升導(dǎo)致全球極端天氣和自然災(zāi)害增多，不僅造成嚴(yán)重破壞，而且造成人員傷亡。句式分析：句中的notonly...butalso...表示“不但……，而且……”，連接并列的句子結(jié)構(gòu)。

[例1]Airnotonlyoccupiesspace，butitalsohasweight.空氣不僅占據(jù)空間，而且它還具有重量。[例2]Shakespearewasnotonlyawriterbutalsoanactor.莎士比亞不僅是一個(gè)作家，還是一個(gè)演員。[造句]老工人對(duì)青年工人不僅言傳而且身教。Theoldworkersinstructtheyoungworkersno