精選江蘇省高考三年英語閱讀真題(含答案)

江蘇省高考三年英語閱讀真題(含答案)

56.

According

to

the

survey,

people

left

alone

on

a

desert

island

would

most

want

their__________.

A.

MP3

player

B.

dog

C.

spouse/

partner

D.

celebrity

57.

Which

of

the

following

is

true

about

George

Clooney?

A.

He

has

been

trained

in

wilderness

survival.B.

He

may

not

be

able

to

help

you

survive.C.

He

does

not

think

Roseane

is

beautiful.

D.

He

is

the

choice

of

most

South

African

women.

The

survey

results

are

analyzed

in

terms

of

the

respondents’

__________.

sex,

age

and

nationality

B.

race,

nationality

and

sex

C.

marriage,

age

and

race

D.

age,

sex

and

marriage

BDeputyAgricultureSecretaryKathleenMerriganseesanepidemic(流行病)sweepingacrossAmerica’sfarmland.Ithaslittletodowiththeusualchallenges,suchasflood,risingfuelpricesandcrop-eatinginsects.Thecountry’sfarmersaregettingolder,andtherearefewerpeoplestandinginlinetotaketheirplace.Nationalagriculturalcensus(普查)figuresshowthatthefastest-growinggroupoffarmersisthepartover65.Merriganisafraidtheaverageagewillbeevenhigherwhenthe2023statisticsarecompleted.Merrigan,aformercollegeprofessor,ismakingstopsatuniversitiesacrossthecountryinhopesofencouragingmorestudentstothinkaboutcareersinagriculture.AsidefromtryingtostopthegrayingofAmerica’sfarmers,herworkismadetougherbyarecentblogpostingthatputagricultureatNo.1onalistof“useless〞collegedegrees.Topfederalagricultureofficialsaretalkingabouttheposting,andithastheattentionofagriculturalorganizationsacrossthecountry.“Therecouldn’tbeanythingthat’smoreincorrect,〞Merrigansaid.“Weknowthattherearen’tenoughqualifiedgraduatestofillthejobsthatareoutthereinAmericanagriculture.〞Inaddition,agrowingworldpopulationthatsomeexpertspredictwillrequire70%morefoodproductionby2050,shesaid.“Itrulybelievewe’reatagoldenageofagriculture.Globaldemandisatanall-timerecordhigh,andglobalsuppliesareatall-timerecordlows,〞saidMattRush,directoroftheTexasFarmBureau.“Productioncostsaregoingtobevaluableenoughthatyoungerpeoplearegoingtohavetheopportunitytobeinvolvedinagriculture.〞TheDepartmentofAgriculturehasprogramsaimedatdevelopingmorefarmersandatincreasinginterestinlocallygrownfood.TheNationalYoungFarmers’Coalitionhasalsobeenpushingforstateandfederalpolicychangestomakeiteasierfornewfarmers.RyanBest,presidentofFutureFarmersofAmerica,hasbeenlivingoutofasuitcase,travelingthecountryandvisitingwithhighschoolstudentsaboutcareersinagriculture.The21-year-oldBesthopeshismessage—thatthisisanewtimeinagriculture—willmotivatethenextgenerationtoturnaroundthestatistics.“Neverbeforehavewehadtheinnovations(創(chuàng)新)intechnologywhichhaveledtoagricultureinthiscountrybeingthemostefficientithaseverbeen,〞hesaid.“There’sreallyaplaceforeverybodytofitin.〞59.WhatisthenewchallengetoAmericanagriculture?A.Fewerandolderfarmers.B.Higherfuelprices.C.Morenaturaldisasters.D.Loweragriculturaloutput.60.WhyisMerriganvisitinguniversitiesacrossthecountry?A.Todrawfederalagricultureofficials’attention.B.Toselectqualifiedagriculturegraduates.C.Toclarifyarecentblogposting.D.Totalkmorestudentsintofarmingcareers.61.AccordingtoMattRush,Americanagriculturewillprovideopportunitiesforyoungerpeoplebecause__________A.thegovernmentwillcoverproductioncostsB.globalfoodsupplieswillbeevenlowerC.investmentinagriculturewillbeprofitableD.Americawillincreaseitsfoodexport62.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“toturnaroundthestatistics〞inthelastparagraphmean?A.Tore-analyzetheresultofthenationalcensus.B.Toincreaseagriculturalproduction.C.Tobringdowntheaverageageoffarmers.D.Toinvestmoreinagriculture.CMedicaldrugssometimescausemoredamagethantheycure.Onesolutiontothisproblemistoputthedrugsinsideacapsule,protectingthemfromthebody—andthebodyfromthem—untiltheycanbereleasedatjusttherightspot.Therearelotsofwaystotrigger(引發(fā))thisrelease,includingchangingtemperature,acidity,andsoon.Buttriggerscancomewiththeirownrisks—burns,forexample.Now,researchersinCaliforniahavedesignedwhatcouldbeaharmlesstriggertodate:shiningnear-infraredlight(NIR,近紅外線)onthedruginthecapsule.Theideaofusinglighttoliberatethedruginthecapsuleisn’tnew.Researchersaroundtheglobehavedevelopedpolymers(聚合物)andothermaterialsthatbegintobreakdownwhentheyabsorbeitherultraviolet(UV,紫外線)orvisiblelight.ButtissuesalsoreadilyabsorbUVandvisiblelight,whichmeansthedrugrelease,canbetriggeredonlyneartheskin,wherethelightcanreachthecapsule.NIRlightlargelypassesthroughtissues,soresearchershavetriedtouseitasatrigger.Butfewcompounds(化合物)absorbNIRwellandgothroughchemicalchanges.ThatchangedlastyearwhenAdahAlmutairi,achemistattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,reportedthatsheandhercolleagueshaddesignedapolymerthatbreaksdownwhenitabsorbsNIRlight.TheirpolymerusedacommerciallyavailableNIR-absorbinggroupcalledo-nitrobenzyl(ONB).Whentheycatchthelight,ONBgroupsfalloffthepolymer,leadingtoitsbreakdown.ButONBisonlyaso-soNIRabsorber,anditcouldbepoisonoustocellswhenitseparatesfromthepolymer.SoAlmutairiandhercolleaguesreportedcreatinganewmaterialforcapsulesthat’sevenbetter.Thisoneconsistsofalongchainofcompoundscalledcresolgroupslinkedinapolymer.Cresolcontainsreactive(易反響的)componentsthatmakeithighlyunstableinitspolymericform,afeatureAlmutairiandhercolleaguesusetotheiradvantage.Afterpolymerizingthecresols,theycapeachreactivecomponentwithalight-absorbingcompoundcalledBhc.WhentheBhcsabsorbNIRlight,thereactivegroupsareexposedandbreakthelongpolymerintotwoshortchains.Shiningadditionallightcontinuesthisbreakdown,potentiallyreleasinganydrugsinthecapsule.What’smore,Almutairisays,Bhcis10timesbetteratabsorbingNIRthanisONBandisnotpoisonoustocells.63.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttrigger?A.Temperaturechange.B.NIRlight.C.Aciditychange.D.UVlight.64.WhyisONBunsatisfactory?A.ItbreaksdownwhenitabsorbsNIRlight.B.Itfallsoffthepolymerandtriggersdrugrelease.C.Ithasnotcomeontothemarketuptillnow.D.Itisnoteffectiveenoughandcouldbepoisonous.65.Whichwordcanbeusedtocompletethefollowingprocessofchanges?A.protectedB.formedC.exposedD.combinedDFranzKafkawrotethat“abookmustbetheax(斧子)forthefrozenseainsideus.〞Ioncesharedthissentencewithaclassofseventhgraders,anditdidn’tseemtorequireanyexplanation.We’djustfinishedJohnSteinbeck’snovelOfMiceandMen.Whenwereadtheendtogetheroutloudinclass,mytoughestboy,astarbasketballplayer,weptalittle,andsodidI.“Areyoucrying?〞onegirlasked,asshegotoutofherchairtotakeacloserlook.“Iam,〞Itoldher,“andthefunnythingisI’vereaditmanytimes.〞Buttheyunderstood.WhenGeorgeshootsLennie,thetragedyisthatwerealizeitwasalwaysgoingtohappen.Inmy14yearsofteachinginaNewYorkCitypublicmiddleschool,I’vetaughtkidswithimprisonedparents,abusiveparents,irresponsibleparents;kidswhoareparentsthemselves;kidswhoarehomeless;kidswhogrewupinviolentneighborhoods.Theyunderstand,morethanIeverwill,thenovel’sterriblelogic—thegivingwayofdreamstofate(命運).Forthelastsevenyears,Ihaveworkedasareadingenrichmentteacher,readingclassicworksofliteraturewithsmallgroupsofstudentsfromgradessixtoeight.Ioriginallyproposedthisideatomyheadmasterafterlearningthataformerexcellentstudentofminehadtransferredoutofaselectivehighschool—onethatoftenattractstheliterary-mindedchildrenofManhattan’supperclasses—intoalesscompetitivesetting.Thedaughterofimmigrants,withafatherinprison,sheperhapsfeltuncomfortablewithhernewclassmates.Ithoughtadditional“culturalcapital〞couldhelpstudentslikeherdevelopbetterinhighschool,wheretheywouldunavoidablymeet,perhapsforthefirsttime,studentswhocamefromhomeslinedwithbookshelves,whoseparentshadearnedPh.D.’s.AlongwithOfMiceandMen,mygroupsread:Sounder,TheRedPony,LordoftheFlies,RomeoandJulietandMacbeth.Thestudentsdidn’talwaysreadfromtheexpectedpointofview.AboutTheRedPony,onestudentsaid,“it’saboutbeingaman,it’saboutmanliness.〞IhadneverbeforeseentheparallelsbetweenScarfaceandMacbeth,norhadIheardLadyMacbeth’ssoliloquies(獨白)readasraps(說唱),butbothmadesense;theinterpretationswereplayful,butserious.OnceintroducedtoSteinbeck’swriting,oneboywentontoreadTheGrapesofWrathandtoldmerepeatedlyhowamazingitwasthat“allthesepeoplehateeachother,andthey’reallwhite.〞Hishistoricalviewwasbroadening,hissenseofhisowncountrydeepening.Yearafteryear,formerstudentsvisitedandtoldmehowpreparedtheyhadfeltintheirfirstyearincollegeasaresultoftheclasses.Yearafteryear,however,weareincreasingthenumberofpracticetests.Wearetryingtoteachstudentstoreadincreasinglycomplextexts,notforemotionalpunch(碰撞)butfortextcomplexity.Yet,wecannotenrich(充實)themindsofourstudentsbytestingthemontextsthatignoretheirhearts.Weareteachingthemthatwordsdonotamazebutconfuse.Wemaysucceedinraisingtestscores,butwewillfailtoteachthemthatreadingcanbetransformativeandthatitbelongstothem.66.Theunderlinedword