大學(xué)物理實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告-實(shí)驗(yàn)18霍爾效應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)處理

大學(xué)物理實(shí)驗(yàn)報(bào)告-實(shí)驗(yàn)18霍爾效應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)處理霍爾效應(yīng)數(shù)據(jù)處理范例由公式：KHNIB0ML12r)得KHrIMICH0VH(L1L2N——?jiǎng)?lì)磁線圈的匝數(shù)（N=1500）；0——真空磁導(dǎo)率（0=4107TmA1）IM——線圈中的勵(lì)磁電流；L1——?dú)庀毒嚯x；L2——鐵芯磁路平均長(zhǎng)度；r——鐵芯相對(duì)磁導(dǎo)率(r=1500)例1、用逐差法處理數(shù)據(jù)：數(shù)據(jù)記錄及處理IM=200mA,L1=3.00mm;L2=287mm;0.501.001.502.002.503.003.504.004.505.005.506.006.50-0.6-1.4-2.2-3.0-3.8-4.6-5.4-6.1-6.9-7.7-8.5-9.3-10.164422006635320.971.752.543.334.114.895.696.447.238.008.819.5710.3。70.971.742.533.334.124.885.686.447.237.998.809.5610.36-0.6-1.4-2.2-3.0-3.8-4.6-5.4-6.1-6.9-7.7-8.5-9.3-10.175342007856350.821.602.393.183.974.745.546.307.107.878.689.4510.2。7.00-10.9211.1711.13-10.9511.04VHVHVHVHHV8－V1＝6.30－0.82＝5.48V9－V2＝7.10－1.60＝5.50V10－V3＝7.87－2.39＝5.48V11－V4＝868－3.18＝5.50V12－V5＝9.45－3.97＝5.48V13－V6＝10.25－4.74＝5.51V14－V7＝11.04－5.54＝5.50。數(shù)據(jù)個(gè)數(shù)N＝7n＝7根據(jù)肖維涅準(zhǔn)則剔除壞值C7＝1.8(壞值條件：|Xi－X|>Cn*SXX的平均值（H）為5.49SX＝0.012536Cn*SX＝0.022564無(wú)壞值出現(xiàn)ICH3.50mA某次測(cè)量的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差：SX7(xi17i0.0125371i平均值的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)偏差：S不確定度估算：UA＝S＝0.0047；UB(xi10.0047387(71)m0.050.02922UVAUB(0.0047)2(0.0029)20.029EVUUX0.0290.00535.49Hm0.050.029EIUI0.0290.008I3.50計(jì)算霍爾靈敏度KH及其不確定度：287rKH13.29mv/(mAT)7IMICH02003.504101500VH(L15.49(3.00L2KEI2EV2(0.008)2(0.0053)20.00961.0%UK13.281.0%0.130.2mv/(mAT)處理結(jié)果：KH=（13.30.2）mv/(mAT)（P=0.683）E=1.0%例2、作圖法：ICH=1.00mA,L1=4.00mm，L2=269mmVH\IMVH1VH2VH3100-0.640.940.95200-1.421.741.73300-2.262.552.56400-3.053.343.34500-3.844.134.14600-4.624.904.92700-5.305.665.68800-6.046.366.38VH4H-0.630.79-1.441.58-2.252.41-3.043.20-3.833.99-4.584.76-5.285.48-6.046.21描繪霍爾電壓與勵(lì)磁電流關(guān)系圖：計(jì)算結(jié)果極其不確定度：在圖上取兩點(diǎn)A（200，1.55）B(700，5.47)ΔIm=ImA－ImB＝700－200＝500（mA）ΔVH＝VHB－VHA＝5.47-1.55＝3.92（mV）U2m254.1（m取橫坐標(biāo)最小刻度值的一半）EIUI4.10.0082I500UVm0.010.008（m取縱坐標(biāo)最小刻度值的一半）EVUV0.0080.0021V3.922.69rKH17.38mv/(mAT)7IMICH05001.004101500VH(L13.92(4.00L2KEI2EV2(0.0082)2(0.0021)20.00850.9%UK17.380.9%0.160.2mv/(mAT)處理結(jié)果：KH=（17.40.2）mv/(mAT)（P=0.683）E=0.9%附：L1為了計(jì)算方便，可以一個(gè)常數(shù)KL2r0于是KHVHKIMICH又：0=41071500=0.001885TmA1=0.001885TmmmA1所以：舊儀器：L1=3.00mm，L2=287mm287mm3.191K1693(mA/T)10.0018850.001885TmmmA(3.00新儀器：L1=4.00mm，L2=269mm2694.1792217(mA/T)K0.0018850.0018854.00一、實(shí)驗(yàn)名稱(chēng)：霍爾效應(yīng)原理及其應(yīng)用二、實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康模?、了解霍爾效應(yīng)產(chǎn)生原理；2、測(cè)量霍爾元