專題08 非謂語動詞-備戰(zhàn)2020年中考語法專項突破+題型特訓(xùn)

專題8非謂語動詞主動形式:todo,tobed主動形式:todo,tobedoing,tohavedone考點一、非謂語動詞的分類及其功能不定式被動形式:tobe不定式被動形式:tobedone,tohavebeeendonedoing,tohavedone形式現(xiàn)在分詞主動形式形式現(xiàn)在分詞主動形式:doing,havingdone被動形式:beingdo被動形式:beingdone,havingbeeendonedoing,tohavedone過去分詞done過去分詞done1.不定式做狀語1.不定式做狀語2.分詞做狀語3.獨(dú)立成分做狀語非謂語動詞非謂語動詞做狀語做狀語1.不定式做定語1.不定式做定語2.分詞做定語做定語做定語功能功能1.不定式做賓語2.動名詞做賓語做賓語1.不定式做賓語2.動名詞做賓語做賓語1.不定式做補(bǔ)語2.分詞做補(bǔ)語3.不定式、分詞做補(bǔ)語的區(qū)別1.不定式做補(bǔ)語2.分詞做補(bǔ)語3.不定式、分詞做補(bǔ)語的區(qū)別做補(bǔ)語作主語作主語1.不定式做主語2.動名詞做主語1.不定式做主語2.動名詞做主語作表語1.不定式做表語1.不定式做表語2.動名詞做標(biāo)考點二、動詞不定式的功能及用法動動詞不定式不定式(to)do的用法不定式的時態(tài)不定式的一般式1.表示與謂語動詞同時發(fā)生eg:Isawhimgoout.作主語作表語作賓語作賓補(bǔ)作定語作狀語賓從省略式常被形式主語it代替be+todo“是做”被形式賓語it代替省to或不省要后置，省介否表目的，原因疑問詞+todo不定式的進(jìn)行時1.表示謂語動詞的動作發(fā)生時,不定式的動作正在進(jìn)行。eg:HepretendedtobesleepingwhenIcamein.2表示在謂語動詞之后發(fā)生eg:Heisbelievedtobecoming22表示在謂語動詞之后發(fā)生eg:Heisbelievedtobecoming2.表式在謂語動詞之后發(fā)生。eg:Iplantoattendthemeetingtommow.考點三、動名詞的功能及用法動名詞動名詞動名詞的用法作主語eg:Seeingisbelieving作表語eg:Herjobisteaching作賓語eg:Hefondofplayingfootball作定語eg:Hehasareadingroom接動名詞作賓語的情況在下列動詞后接動詞作賓語時用動名詞形式：admit,advise,allow,anticipate,考點四、過去分詞的功能及用法過過去分詞形式功能(1)一般情況，在動詞后加ed.

(2)在以-e結(jié)尾動詞后只加d.

(3)以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞，應(yīng)將y改為i再加-ed.

(4)以重讀閉音節(jié)或r音節(jié)結(jié)尾且末尾只有一個輔音字母動詞，先雙寫末尾的輔音字母再加-ed作時間狀語;作原因狀語作條件狀語;表示伴隨狀況做狀語做定語做賓補(bǔ)過去分詞沒有語態(tài)變化。過去分詞自身就可以表示被動語態(tài)的意義。1.過去分詞可以作名詞的前置定語感官動詞+賓語+過去分詞賓補(bǔ)（意義被動，已經(jīng)完成）；感官動詞+賓語+ing形式賓補(bǔ)(意義主動，正在進(jìn)行）過去分詞短語可以作名詞的后置定語1.及物動詞的過去分詞作定語有被動之意。2.不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語有完成之意。有些不及物動詞必須和副詞搭配才能作定語使役動詞+賓語+過去分詞賓補(bǔ)（意義被動，已經(jīng)完成）；使役動詞+賓語+ing形式賓補(bǔ)（意義主動，正在進(jìn)行）過去分詞賓補(bǔ)表示正在發(fā)生的被動意義時要采用"being

+

過去分詞"結(jié)構(gòu)過去分詞的邏輯主語和句子的主語不一致時，要在過去分詞的前面加上一個名詞，構(gòu)成過去分詞的獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)。作狀語。一、選擇填空1.Themeeting_______nextweekissuretobeagreatsuccess.A.totakeplaceB.tobetakenplaceC.tohavetakenplaceD.beingtakenplace2._______bytheComradeLeiFeng,wetryourbesttodo

gooddeeds.A.InspiredB.BeinginspiredC.TobeinspiredD.Inspiring3.It'sno

good_______here.

Let's

go

home.A.towaitB.waitedC.waitingD.beingwaited4.Ilistenedtothewind,______thathewouldnotcometonight.A.thinkingB.tothinkC.thoughtD.beingthinking5.Iamsorry______writtenyoualetteratthetime.A.tohavenotB.tonothaveC.nottohaveD.nothaving6.Tomapologizedtome______again.A.tobelateB.ofbeinglateC.tohavebeenlateD.forbeinglate7.__________sincethenightbefore,Ifeltveryhungry.A.HavingnoteatenanythingB.NoteatinganythingC.Ihadn'teatenanythingD.Nothavingeatenanything8.Wethenlistenedtothechild________thearticle______ontheblackboard.A.read,writingB.reading,writingC.toread,writtenD.read,written9.________itwithmeandI'llseewhatIcando.A.WhenleftB.LeavingC.IfyouleaveD.Leave10._________suchachance,whydon'tyouhaveatry?A.TogiveB.HavingC.GivenD.Giving11.Fivepeoplewerereported________intheaccident.A.tobekilledB.tokillC.killedD.tohavebeenkilled12._________isbadforhishealth.A.MikesmokingB.Mike'ssmokingC.Mike'sbeingsmokingD.Mikesmokes13.Icameintotheclassroom,______myseatandsatdowntoread.A.findingB.tofindC.foundD.founded14.Itisaproblemthatdoesn'tneed________rightnow.A.tosolveB.solvingC.beingsolvedD.tobesolving15.________byacrowdofpeople,Ifeltnervous,______whattosay.A.Watching,

didn't

knowB.Havingwatched,andnotknewC.Havingbeenwatch,notknownD.Beingwatched,notknowing二、用括號內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Howabout________(have)apartynextSunday.2.Dadoftenaskme________(notplay)ontheroad.3.Idon’tknowhow________(express)myexcitingfeelings.4.Mr,Greenwassoangrythathecouldn’thelp________(shout)athiswife.5.Weshouldavoid________(disturb)others.6.Hewasmade________(wash)thecarhimself.7.Wemusttakestrongmeasure________(protect)ourenvironment.8.Ihappened________(meet)oneofmyfriendsinthestreetyesterday.9.There’snoneed________(leave)rightnow.10.It‘sourduty________(protect)ourplanet.11.I’msorry________(disturb)you.12.Canyouteachmehow________(surf)?13.Hepromised________(follow)thegoodsuggestions.14.Ifyouhaveachance________(study)here,youwilllearnmoreknowledge.15.Learnthenewwhile________(review)theold.三、根據(jù)所給漢語提示寫出下列句中所缺的名詞1.Chinaisa________(發(fā)展)country,_______(屬于)theThirdWorld.2.Thebuilding_______(建造)willbeservedasourdining-hall.3.Not______(知道)hisaddress,wehavenoway______(取得聯(lián)系)withhim.4.Not______(理解、懂得)thelocallanguageandhavingnofriendinthecountry,hefounditimpossible______(找到)ajob.5.______(出生)and______(教育、養(yǎng)育)inthecountryside,heknowsbetteraboutthehardlifeofpleasant.6.Inrecentyears,______(領(lǐng)導(dǎo))bytheParty,peoplefindtheirlivingconditionsgreatly________(改變、變化).7.Wouldyoubesokindas______(給)ussomeadviceonhow_______(學(xué)習(xí))English.8.Idreamofstandingontheplatformintheclassroomand______(給)lessonstolovelyboys.9.Onthemeeting,twenty-five_______(前進(jìn))teacherswerepraisedandthosewhohadcompletedthirtyyearsofteachingweregivenmedals.10.Shekeptthelamb_______(系)toatreeduringthedayandwenttofetchiteveryevening.四、詞語運(yùn)用閱讀短文，從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使短文通順、意思完整，每空限填一詞，每詞限用一次。mop；smoke；apologize；look；mind；punish；fine；hit；catch；tremainAcookwascaught1(smoke)red-handedandtheowneroftherestaurantmadehim2(hit)onroadimmediately.Withsomanystaff3(look)athim,hefeltveryembarrassed.Hiscolleaguesfounditrightforhim4(punish),becausethelightedcigaretteendscouldcausethewholerestaurant5(catch)fire.Thecookbeggedtheownertogivehimthelastchance.Theownereventuallyhadhim6(apologize)andgothim9(fine).Thecookwasallowed10(remain).Now,heisseen11(mop)thefloorshardandInoticemanycustomerspassinghim.Heislistentotoremindthem14(mind)thesign,reading“NOSMOKING!”Ihearavoiceinmyheartsaying“respectyourselfandyouwillfeelvalued.”五、完形填空In

the

Quality

Education

Month

of

Shanghai

Yangpu

District,

the

visitors

were

attracted

by

aChinese

class

ofgrade

two

in

the

Primary

School

under

shanghai

No.

2

Normal

School.When

class

began,

the

teacher

truned

onTV

instead

of

__1__

the

pupils

to

open

theirtextbooks.OntheTV__2__

a

cartoon.With

the

cartoon

__3__on,theteacherkeptaskingquestions.

"Whatdoes

the

little___4__dog

look

like?“

How

is

his

expression?”and“whatlady

Silk

worm

doing?The

pupils

watched

carefullyand

___5__their

hands___6__thequestions

one

after

another.After___7__a

few

times

and

___8__about

it

together,the

pupilshanded

in

a

short

composition___9__"The

little

Spotted

Dog

Guards

the

House”.Much

to

the

surprise

of

the

visitors,

the

cartoon

shown

on

TV

was

designed

and

made

by

the

They

help

thepupils

to

understand

the

difficult

points

in

the

texts,___10___their

imagination

and

improve

their

oral

ability.1.A.

having

askingB.askingC.

to

askD.

being

asking

2.

A

appearedB

appearingC.

appearD

appears

3.

A.to

goB

goingC.

wentD.

had

gone

4.

A.

spottingB.spottedC.being

spottedD.is

spotted

5.A.putupB.

puttedupC.

puttingupD.putdown

6.A.

to

answerB.

for

answeringC.

and

ans