2019年職稱英語綜合類教材新增部分內(nèi)容完整版

2019年職稱英語綜合類教材新增部分內(nèi)容完整版第一部分詞匯選項

〔兩篇〕詞匯學(xué)習(xí)1：Willyoupleasecallmyhusbandassoonaspossible?A)contactB)consultC)phoneD)visit2.We’llgiveeveryteacherspacetodevelop.A)chanceB)employmentC)roomD)opportunity3.Ihavetogoatonce.A)soonB)immediatelyC)nowD)early4.Thepolicemanaskedhimtoidentifythethief.A)nameB)distinguishC)captureD)separate5.Wewerealltherewhentheaccidentoccurred.A)happenedB)brokeC)spreadD)appeared6.Ittookmeexactlyaweektocompletethework.A)doB)achieveC)improveD)finish7.Theherbmedicineeventuallycuredherdisease.A)nicelyB)apparentlyC)finallyD)naturally8.Wehadalongconversationaboutherparents.A)talkB)speechC)debateD)discussion9.Pleaseletmeknowifyouareunabletoattendthemeeting.A)gotoB)prepareforC)speaktoD)doto10.Theyhavemadeuphismindtogiveupsmoking.A)triedB)attemptC)agreedD)decided11.Yourteacherwilltakeyouillnessintoaccountwhenmakingyourexams.A)calculationB)computationC)considerationD)assessment12.Wehavetoputupwithherbehavior.A)tolerateB)acceptC)swallowD)take13.Theyhavegivenupthehopetosavetheirfriendfromdrowning.A)endedB)abandonedC)builtD)strengthen14.IseldomwatchTV.A)rarelyB)frequentlyC)normallyD)occasionally15.Thedentisthasdecidedtotakeoutthegirl'sbadtooth.A)digB)drawC)pullD)extract答案：1.C2.C3.B4.A5.A6.D7.C8.A9.A10.D11.A12.A13.B14.A15.D詞匯練習(xí)6：*1.Withimmenserelief,Istoppedrunning.A)muchB)enormousC)littleD)extensive*2.Thescientistsbegantoaccumulateahugemassofdata.A)buildupB)putupC)makeupD)clearup*3.WhenJackeventuallyovertookthelasttruckhepulledovertotheinsidelane.A)skippedB)passedC)reachedD)led*4.Becauseofthepopularityoftheregion,itisadvisabletobookhotelsinadvance.A)possibleB)profitableC)easyD)wise*5.DatafromVoyagerIIhavepresentedastronomerswithapuzzleaboutwhyouroutermostplanetexists.A)problemB)mysteryC)questionD)point*6.Herolleduphistrouserlegtoexhibithiswoundedknee.A)spreadB)openC)showD)examine*7.Whycan'tyoustopyoureternalcomplaining!A)everlastingB)longC)monotonousD)lengthy*8.ThispoemdepictsthebeautifulsceneryofasmalltownintheSouth.A)describesB)drawsC)writesD)introduces*9.Thetelephonesystemisnolongeroperative.A)runningB)movingC)rotatingD)working*10.HundredsofbuildingswerewreckedbytheearthquakeA)shakenB)fallenC)damagedD)trembled*11.Thelatestcarmodelembodiesmanynewimprovements.A)consistsofB)includesB)makesupD)marks*12.Thickcloudsobscuredthestarsfromview..A)darkenedB)heldC)blackenedD)prevent*13.Theparentshavetorestraintheirdaughterfromrunningoutintothestreet.A)disallowB)reduceC)preventD)confine*14.Thediscoverywassensational.A)sexyB)surprisingC)exceptionalD)exciting*15.Aftersupperweusuallytakeastrollaroundtheparkforaboutanhour.A)walkB)restC)bathD)breath答案：1.B2.A3.B4.D5.B6.C7.A8.A9.D10.C11.B12.D13.C14.D15.A第二部分閱讀判斷第一篇ANewStartAfterChristmascomestheanti-Christmas.Ifthefestiveseasonisallaboutfilinguponthethingsyoulikethatarebadforyou,thenthenewyearisthe‘detoxseason'-whenpeopleacrossthewesternworldadoptspecialdietstoloseweightandgetridofthevaguefeelingthattheyhavespentthelastfewweekspoisoningthemselves.Butaredetoxdietsreallynecessary?Afterall,thebodyitselfgetsridofunwantedsubstances.That'swhattheliverandkidneyarefor."Thedetoxfad-orfads,astherearemanymethods-isanexampleofthecapacityofpeopletobelieveinandpayformagicdespitethelackofanysoundevidence1,"saysMartinWiseman,professorofhumannutritionattheUniversityofSouthamptonintheUK.Mostofthepills,juices,teasandoilsthataresoldfortheirdetoxifyingeffectsonthebodyhavenoscientificfoundationfortheirclaims,accordingtotheresearch.Peoplewouldbebetteroffhavingaglassofwaterandgoingtobedearly.Detoxdietsmaybemagicratherscience,buttheyarethekindofmagicwhichmanypeoplewanttoperform.Thatmayhavesomethingtodowiththewestendietingeneral.Scientistsanddieticiansarguethatthebenefitspeoplefeelarenotduetotheirbodygettingridofexcessivetoxinsbutareduetochangingfromwhatislikelytohavebeena'poor'diet.Havingfewerheadaches,forexample,isprobablytheresultofbeingfullyhydratedduetodrinkingsomuchwaterandbetterskinmaybeduetoeatingmorefruitandvegetables.Detoxdietsmayalsobedangerous,astheymaydeprivevulnerablegroups–pregnantwomen,forinstance,orgrowingteenagers-ofthekindofnutrientstheyneed.Yettheirpopularitycontinuestorise.Thismaybesomethingtodowiththewaythatfoodworkswithinmanywesterncultures2.Generally,acountry'sfooddevelopsalongwithitseconomyandsociety.Foodbecomespartofaperson'sculturalidentity.Insomecountries,thislinkhasbeenbroken.IntheUK,forexample,rapidindustrializationinthe18thand19thcenturiessawmillionsofpeoplemovefromthecountrysidetothetownsinterruptingthedevelopmentofanationalcuisine.TheUnitedStates,acountryofimmigrantsfrommanydifferentplaces,hasfoundithardtodevelopanationalcuisine:Inbothplaces,comparativelyfewpeoplecookforthemselvesandfoodsupplyis.dominatedbybigprocessingandagribusinesscompanies.DetoxdietsaremorepopularinthesecountriesthaninplaceslikeFranceandItaly,wherestronglinksbetweenfoodandnationalcultureremain,andwherefarmorepeopleregularlycookforthemselvesinsteadofbuyingprocessedfoods.Perhapsdetoxdietsaresuccessfulbecausemanywesternershavelostmastinwhattheyeat.Ontheotherhand,theymayhelpre-introducepeopletothekindoffoodthatisnecessaryforahealthydiet.Andafterlearningthat,theywon'tpoisonthemselvesinthefirstplace.Thiswouldmeanradicalchangesinthewaythatpeopleeatacrossthewest.Andthatwouldbeanunwelcomedevelopmentforthefoodindustry.Fromthebusinesspointofview,itismuchbettertosellpeopletheproblemandthensellthemthesolution.詞匯：Detoxv.&n.解毒、去毒fadn.風(fēng)尚dieticiann.飲食學(xué)家hydratev.水化，使吸水cuisinen.烹飪術(shù)agribusinessn.農(nóng)業(yè)綜合經(jīng)營注釋：1.thecapacityofpeopletobelieveinandpayformagicdespitethelackofanysoundevidence人們在缺乏證據(jù)的情況下相信魔法，并情愿為之付出代價的習(xí)性2.Thismaybesomethingtodowiththewaythatfoodworkswithinmanywesterncultures.這可能和食物在許多西方文化中的地位有關(guān)。besomethingtodowith和havesomethingtodowith同義。練習(xí)1.DetoxbeginsafterChristmaswhenpeoplethinkthattheyhavebeenovereatingduringtheChristmasseasonandhavetakeninmanysubstancesthatarebadfortheirhealth.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned2.Manypregnantwomenandgrowingteenagersaresufferingfrommal-nutritionbecauseofthedetox-dietstheytake.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned3.BoththeUKandtheUSAlackanationalcuisineasaresultofsimilarhistoricaldevelopment.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned4.TheFrenchandtheItalianscookforthemselvesmoreoftenthantheBritishandtheAmericans,whichhelpsthemtokeepthelinkbetweenfoodandtheirculture.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned5.OnthewholetheeasternpeopleliketheChineseandtheJapanesehaveastrongerlinkbetweentheirfoodandtheirculturethanthewesternpeople.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned6.Apositiveeffectofdetoxdietsisthatithelpspeopletoseewhatfoodsaregoodfortheirhealth.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned7.Foodindustrywouldmakeevengreaterprofitsifpeopleshouldallstarttoeathealthyfoodsandstoppoisoningthemselves.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned1.A這句話正是文章第一段的意思。圣誕節(jié)大吃大喝，新年一開始人們就開始設(shè)法減肥，并消除在過去幾周里吃下了不利健康的有毒物質(zhì)的疑慮。2.B文章里講到解讀飲食甚至有危險，有可能使孕婦和正在長身體的青少年營養(yǎng)不足，只是那個情況并沒有真正發(fā)生。3.B這句話的前半句是對的，英美兩國都缺乏典型的飲食：但后半句話不對，造成這種情況的緣故兩國不同，英國是工業(yè)化的結(jié)果，美國那么是移民國家的結(jié)果。4.A在文章的倒數(shù)第三段里講的很清晰。5.C文章中沒有提及東方文化的情況。6.A答題依據(jù)在倒數(shù)第二段，解讀飲食容易到西方人的追捧，因為他們對自己吃的東西差不多失去信心。但反過來說，解讀飲食可能有助于重新向人們介紹那些對一種健康的飲食來說是必要的食物。7.B答題依據(jù)在最后一段里，食品工業(yè)并不盼望人們都吃健康食品，因為先把有問題的不健康的食品賣給大伙吃，然后再把解決問題的飲食方式推銷給大伙，食品工業(yè)能夠兩邊都盈利。第十一篇WillHillaryBetheNextAmericanPresident?Backin1969,USPresidentRichardNixonconfidentlypredicted:"Inthenext50years,weshallseeawomanpresident,perhapssoonerthanyouthink.1”Today,nottoofaroffNixon'sdeadline,Americaislookingatthatpossibility.Overtheweekend,HillaryRodhamClinton,wifeofformerpresidentBillClinton,announcedherrunfor2017presidency.USpollsindicatethatAmericansfeelcomfortablewithafemalepresident.ANewYorkTimessurveyfoundnearlyallAmericanssayingtheywouldvoteforpresidentifshewerequalified.However,acceptingthetheoreticalnotionofafemaleleaderisquitedifferentfromvotinganactualwoman.Infact,thereisstillwidespreaddistrustofawomaninthetopposition.Thisispartlyduetothebiasedthinkingthatwomenareweakonnationalsecurity,thoughtheymightbestrongoneducationandhealthcare.Thisdamagestheirprospectsasapresidentialcontender."There'sstillaninherentnervousnessonthepartofvotersputtingawomaninastheultimatedecision-maker.Controlofthearmyandbordersecurityaresortsoftraditionallymalejobs,"commentedAmyWalter,anAmericancampaignanalyst.“That'swhereIthinkvotersconsciouslyorunconsciouslyhavedifficultieswithwomencandidates."WomenhaveheldthetopjobinothermajorWesterncountries.In1979,BritainelectedMargaretThatcherprimeminister.Lastyear,GermanymadeAngelaMerkelitsfirstfemalechancellor.IntheUS,nowomanhassucceededinbeingnominatedasapresidentialcandidate.Onewomandidmaketheattempt:ElizabethDole.In1999,shetriedtogettheRepublicanPartynomination.ButDolecouldonlyraise$5millionforherbid-comparedwiththe$56millionGeorgeW.Bushraised.SoBarrierslieaheadforHillaryifshewantstomakehistorybybecomingthefirstfemaleUSpresident.WiththeIraqiwarunderway,she'llfinditevenharder."Idon'tfeelthatoursocietyisreadyforawomanpresident.Theenemywefacedoesnotrespectfemalesthesamewaywehavecometoseethemasequals.Ifwewerenotinthiswar,Iwouldsupportawomanpresident2,”saidChrisDildy,acomputerengineeringstudent.詞匯：Biasv.&n.(有)偏見analystn.分析工作者Chancellorn.(德國、奧地利等)總理注釋：1."Inthenext50years,weshallseeawomanpresident,perhapssoonerthanyouthink."

在下一個五十年里，我們將會看見一個女總統(tǒng)，或許比我們想的要快些。2.Ifwewerenotinthiswar,Iwouldsupportawomanpresident.

假如我們不在打一場戰(zhàn)爭，我會支持選一位女總統(tǒng)的。練習(xí)：1.Uptothepresent,nowomanhasbeenelectedpresidentintheUS.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned2.BillClintonwillstronglysupportHillarytorunforthe2017presidency.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned3.AmericanpeoplewillelectawomanpresidentoftheUnitedStatesin2017.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned4.OneofHillary'scampaignpromisesistoreformthenation'shealthcaresystem.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned5.Germanselectedawomanchancellorlastyear.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned6.Hillaryhasalreadyraisedalargeamountofcampaignfund.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned7.ChrisDildywillvoteforHillary.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned答案與題解：1.A句子說的是：迄今為止在美國沒有一個女人選舉為總統(tǒng)。選A。文章的第一個句子是這么說的：Backin1969,USPresidentRichardNixonconfidentlypredicted:"Inthenext50years,weshallseeawomanpresident,perhapssoonerthanyouthink."早在1969年，美國總統(tǒng)RichardNixon很有信心地預(yù)測：“在下一個五十年里，我們將會看見一個女總統(tǒng)，或許比我們想的要快些?！?.C句子說的是:BillClinton將強力支持Hillary參加2017年總統(tǒng)選舉。文章沒有提到。因此選C3.B句子說的是：美國人民在2017年將選一位女總統(tǒng)，那個命題是錯的。文章第四段是這么說的:However,acceptingthetheoreticalnotionofafemaleleaderisquitedifferentfromvotinganactualwoman.Infact,thereisstillwidespreaddistrustofawomaninthetopposition.然而，同意女總統(tǒng)作為一個理論概念跟選舉女總統(tǒng)是兩回事。事實上，人們?nèi)匀黄毡椴恍湃闻四苋晤I(lǐng)袖的。4.C句子說的是：Hillary的一個競選許諾是改革國家的醫(yī)療制度。文章講到女人做教育和醫(yī)療方面的工作有優(yōu)勢，但沒說Hillary的一個競選許諾是改革國家的醫(yī)療制度。5.A句子說的是：德國去年選了一個女總理。文章第七段有這么一句話：Lastyear,GermanymadeAngelaMerkelitsfirstfemalechancellor.去年，德國選舉了AngelaMerkel為德國第一位女總理。因此句子表達(dá)的命題是正確的。6.C句子說的是：Hillary差不多籌集到了一大筆競選款。文章沒有提到。7.B句子說的是:ChrisDildy要投Hillary的票。從文章的最后一句話我們明白ChrisDildy是一個計算機(jī)工程專業(yè)的學(xué)生，他說了這么一句話：Ifwewerenotinthiswar,Iwouldsupportawomanpresident.假如我們不在打一場戰(zhàn)爭，我會支持選一位女總統(tǒng)的。意思確實是說，現(xiàn)在不支持。第十五篇LowerBodyFatMeansBetterPerformanceThesedays,fashionmodelsandpopstarsarenottheonlypeoplewhohavetowatchtheirwaistline.Footballplayerswhomissafewkicksandlettheirbellyhangingoutalittletoomucharelikelytobeattackedbyrabidfansoreventhepresidentofacountry1.Thelatestfootballstartodrawtheattentionofthe"fatpolice"isBarcelona'sRonaldinho,26.LastFriday,aSpanishsportsdailypublishedtwophotosoftheBrazilianstarwithouthisshirt.OnewastakeninNovember2003;theotherwastakenthismonth.Inthemostrecentone，thestar'swaistlineseemstohavealittleextrapadding2.AnotherSpanishsportsdailypublishedsimilarbefore-and-aiderphotosandarguedthatthestarhas"losthisexplosivenessandvelocity"andis“wornout".Thecause,accordingtothenewspaper,ishispoorphysicalfitness.However,theplayer'scoach,FrankRijkaard,insiststhathe'ssatisfiedwithRonaldinho'sformandfitness.AndafterBarcelona'svictoryoverAthleticBibaoonSunday,Ronaldinhochallengedphotographerstotakepicturesofhimwhenhetookoffhisshirt."Idon'thaveanythingtohide,"hesaid.FellowBrazilianRonaldo,30,ofRealMadrid,facedsimilarcriticismbeforethe2006WorldCup.Butthecriticismdidn'tcomefromabunchofsportsreporters:ItcamefromthepresidentofBrazil."So,whatisit?"Brazil'sPresidentLuizInacioLuladaSilvaaskedthenationalsoccerteam'scoachinhisofficelastJune,accordingtotheAssociatedPress."Ishe[Ronaldo]fatornot?""Heisverystrong,president,"CarlosAlbertoParreirareportedlysaidatthetime."Heisnotthatboyanymore,Hisbodytypehaschanged."Thegameoffootfalldemandsthatplayersputasmuchemphasisonfitnessastheycandoondribbling,passingorshooting.Duringapropertrainingregimen,footballplayersnormallyfollowaload-fatigue-recoverypattern3.Theypushtheirbodytowardahighermarkoffitnessandexperienceaslightandbriefdropinperformance.Thentheybegintherecoveryprocess,whichwillideallycarrytheirperformancetoanevenhigherplane.However,sometimesnon-physicalfactorscaninfluenceaplayer'spoorfitness.InRonaldinho'scase,forinstance,people-oftenunnamed-haveblamedeverythingfromthepressureofcontractnegotiationstopersonalproblemsandtoomanyadvertisingcommitments.詞匯：Rabidadj.偏激的paddingn.贅肉velocityn.速度dribblev.運球regimenn.常規(guī)訓(xùn)練注釋：1.Footballplayerswhomissafewkicksandlettheirbellyhangingoutalittletoomucharelikelytobeattackedbyrabidfansoreventhepresidentofacountry.足球運動員沒有踢中幾個球或是他們的肚子耷拉得稍多了些，都會受到瘋狂的球迷甚至是國家總統(tǒng)的譴責(zé)。2.Inthemostrecentone,thestar'swaistlineseemstohavealittleextrapadding.在最近的一張照片里，那個球星的腰圍上大概多了一小塊贅肉。3.Duringapropertrainingregimen,footballplayersnormallyfollowaload-fatigue-recoverypattern.在正式的常規(guī)訓(xùn)練期間，足球運動員在一般情況下需要按照大運動量——疲勞這一方式訓(xùn)練。練習(xí)：1.Fanscanbeverycriticalofafashionmodel'sfigure.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned2.Peoplelikefootballstarsmorethantheylikepopstars.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned3.Ronaldinhoisawell-knownSpanishstar.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned4.ThepresidentofBrazilshowednoconcemaboutRonaldo'sfigure.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned5.AccordingtoCa~losAlbertoParreira,Ronaldo'sbodyshapehaschanged.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned6.Thefootballgamedemandsalotfromplayers.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned7.Ronaldinhooftengoestopubs.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned答案與題解：1.A句子說的是：追星族們對時裝模特兒的身材的要求很苛刻。那個命題是對的。文章的第一個句子是這么說的:Thesedays,fashionmodelsandpopstarsarenottheonlypeoplewhohavetowatchtheirwaistline.現(xiàn)在，不知是時裝模特兒和流行歌曲歌星需要注意他們的腰圍了。所以那個句子還蘊涵著其他人也要注意自己的身材。2.C句子說的是：比起流行歌曲歌星來，人們更喜愛球星。文章沒有提到。3.B句子說的是：Ronaldinho是一個知名度很高的西班牙球星。那個命題是錯的，第二段有如此一個句子：LastFriday,aSpanishsportsdailypublishedtwophotosoftheBrazilianstarwithouthisshirt.上星期五，一家西班牙運動日報刊登了巴西球星的兩張光著膀子的照片。這就說明Ronaldinho是巴西球星，而不是西班牙球星。4.B句子說的是：巴西總統(tǒng)并不關(guān)懷Ronaldo的身材。那個命題是錯的。差不多在文章的中間有這么一個問題："Ishe[Ronaldo]fatornot?"(他[Ronaldo]胖依舊不胖？)這是巴西總統(tǒng)提的。5.A句子說的是：依照CarlosAlbertoParreira的說法,Ronaldo的體型變了。那個命題是對的。他是這么說的：“他不再是孩子了，他的體型變了。”6.A句子說的是：足球運動對球員有很高的要求。那個命題是對的。文章的倒數(shù)第三段有詳細(xì)的說明。7.C句子說的是：Ronaldinho常去酒館。文章沒有提到。第三部分概括大意與完成句子第一篇TheMakingofaSuccessStory1IKEAistheworld'slargestfurnitureretailer,andthemanbehinditisIngvarKamprad,oneoftheworld'smostsuccessfulentrepreneurs.BorninSwedenin1926,Kampradwasanaturalbusinessman.Asachild,heenjoyedsellingthingsandmadesmallprofitsfromsellingmatches,seeds,andpencilsinhiscommunity.WhenKampradwas17,hisfathergavehimsomemoneyasarewardforhisgoodgrades.Naturallyheusedittostartupabusiness-IKEA.2IKEA'snamecomesfromKamprad'sinitials(I.K.)andtheplacewherehegrewup('E'and'A').TodayIKEAisknownforitsmodem,minimalistfurniture1,butitwasnotafurniturecompanyinthebeginning.Rather,IKEAsoldallkindsofmiscellaneousgoods.Kamprad'swaresincludedanythingthathecouldsellforprofitsatdiscountedprices2,includingwatches,pensandstockings.3IKEAfirstbegantosellfurniturethroughamail-ordercataloguein1947.ThefurniturewasalldesignedandmadebymanufacturersnearKamprad'shome.Initialsaleswereveryencouraging,soKampradexpandedtheproductline.FurniturewassuchasuccessfulaspectofthebusinessthatIKEAbecamesolelyafurniturecompanyin1951.4In1953IKEAopenditsfirstshowroominAlmhult,Sweden.IKEAisknowntodayforitsspaciousstoreswithfurnitureinattractivesettings,butintheearly1950s,peopleorderedfromcatalogues.Thusresponsetothefirstshowroomwasoverwhelming:peoplelovedbeingabletoseeandtrythefurniturebeforebuyingit.Thisledtoincreasedsalesandthecompanycontinuedtothrive.By1955,IKEAwasdesigningallitsownfurniture.5In1956Kampradsawamandisassemblingatabletomakeiteasiertotransport.Kampradwasinspired.Themarthadgivenhimagreatidea:flatpackaging3.FiatpackagingwouldmeanlowershippingcostsforIKEAandlowerpricesforcustomers.IKEAtrieditandsalessoared.Theproblemwasthatpeoplehadtoassemblefurniturethemselves,butovertime,eventhisgrewintoanadvantageforIKEA.Nowadays,IKEAisoftenseenashavingconnotationsofself-sufficiency.Thisimagehasdonewondersforthecompany,leadingtobettersalesandcontinuedexpansion.6Todaythereareover200storesin32countries.Amazingly,IngvarKampradhasmanagedtokeepIKEAaprivately-heldcompany.In2004hewasnamedtheworld'srichestman.HecurrentlylivesinSwitzerlandandisretiedfromtheday-to-dayoperationsofIKEA.IKEAitself,though,justkeepsongrowing.詞匯：entrepreneurn.企業(yè)家waren.貨物minimalistadj.最簡單的self-sufficiency自足注釋：1.minimalistfumiture風(fēng)格簡約的家具2.discountedprices折扣價3.flatpackaging平板包裝練習(xí)：1.Paragraph22.Paragraph33.Paragraph44.Paragraph5A.IngvarKamprad-abornbusinessmanB.SuccessbroughtbytheintroductionofshowroomsC.TheoriginofIKEAD.SpecializationinsellingfurnitureE.Flatpackaging-afeatureofIKEAF.World-wideexpansionofIKEA5.Evenwhenhewasonlyachild,6.,andyearslaterbecameabigcompanyspecializedinmanufacturingandsellingoffurniture.7.CustomerslikedtheideaofIKEA'sshowroomsbecause8.AsfiatpackagingsavesmoneyforbothIKEAandthecustomers,A.IKEAbeganasasmallstoresellingallkindsofcheapthingsB.itishighlywelcomedbybothC.IngvarKampradshowedinterestinandtalentfordoingbusinessD.heliveshappilyinretirementE.heretheycanseeandtrythefurnituretheyaregoingtobuy.F.Ingvarsuccessfullymanagesthecompanyallbyhimself答案與解析：1.C第二段介紹了IKEA那個店名的來源以及它剛開始的時候是一家什么樣的小雜貨店。2.D第三段講了IKEA通過郵購方式銷售自己設(shè)計、自己制造的家具，業(yè)績喜人，從而擴(kuò)大生產(chǎn)線，專事家具產(chǎn)銷。3.B1953年IKEA引入展示廳的做法得到很好的反響，銷售大大增加。4.EKamprad從看到別人在拆卸家具得到啟發(fā)，因此試行銷售平板式包裝的家具，即利己又利人，并使自己動手，自給自足成為IKEA的一個特色。5.C時間狀語從句告訴我們那個地方要講的是Ingvar小時候的情況，文章的第一段就說了從小就會做買賣。6.A這句的后半句說IKEA幾年以后才變成一家專營家具的公司，前半句很可能講它的前身是什么。7.E這句的主句講了顧客們喜愛IKEA的展示廳，從句用because引導(dǎo)，很清晰要求給緣故。8.B這句先給了緣故，即平板包裝對雙方來說都省錢，那么結(jié)果便是雙方都?xì)g迎。第十一篇IsThereaWaytoKeeptheBritain'sEconomyGrowing?1Intoday'sknowledgeeconomy,nationssurviveonthethingstheydobest.JapanesedesignelectronicswhileGermensexportengineeringtechniques.TheFrenchservethebestfoodandAmericansmakecomputers.2Britainspecializesinthegiftoftalking.Thenationdoesn'tmanufacturemuchofanything.Butithaslawyers,stylistsandbusinessconsultantswhoearntheirlivingfromtalk,talkandmoretalk.TheWorldFoundationthinktank1saystheUK'sfouriconicjobstodayarenotscientists,engineers,teachersandnurses.Instead,they'rehairdressers,celebrities,managementconsultantsandmanagers.ButcanallthistalkingkeeptheBritisheconomygoing?TheBritishgovernmentthinksitcan.3Althoughthecountry'stradedeficitwasmorethan￡60billionin2006,UK'slargestinthepostwarperiod,officialssaythecountryhasnothingtoworryabout.Infact,Britaindoeshaveaworld-classpharmaceuticalindustry,anditstillmakesasmallsumfromsellingarmsabroad.Italsotradesservices-accountancy,insurance,bankingandadvertising.ThegovernmentbelievesBritainisonthecuttingedgeoftheknowledgeeconomy.Afterall,thecountryofShakespeareandWordsworthhasaliterarytraditionofwhichtobeproud.Rock‘n'roll2isanEnglishlanguagemedium,andtherearebillionstobemadebytheircutting-edgebands.Inotherwords,thecreativeeconomyhasplentyofstrengthtocarrytheBritisheconomy.4However,creativeindustriesaccountforonlyabout4percentofUK'sexportsofgoodsandservices.Theindustriesarefindingithardtomakeaprofit,accordingtoareportoftheNationalEndowmentforScience,TechnologyandtheArts3.Thereportshowsonly38percentofBritishcompanieswereengagedin"innovationactivities",3percentagepointsbelowtheEUaverageandwellbelowGermany(61percent)andSweden(47percent).5Infact,itmightbebettertocallBritaina"servant"economy-thereareatleast4millionpeople"inservice".Themajorityofthepopulationareemployedbytherichtocook,clean,andtakecareoftheirchildren.Manygraduatesareevendoingmenialjobsforwhichtheydonotneedadegree.Mostemploymentgrowthhasbeen,andwillcontinuetobe,atthelow-skillendoftheservicesector-inshops,bars,hotels,domesticserviceandinnursingandcarehomes.詞匯：iconicadj.偶像的pharmaceuticaladj.制藥的menialadj.仆人的注釋：1.thinktank思想庫；智囊團(tuán)2.cuttingedge尖端的3.Rock'n'roll搖滾樂4.NationalEndowmentforScience,TechnologyandtheArts國家科學(xué)、技術(shù)和藝術(shù)捐贈委員會練習(xí)：1.Paragraph22.Paragraph33.Paragraph44.Paragraph5FExportofTalkingMachinesAGrowthofEconomyB"Servant"EconomyCStrengthoftheCreativeEconomyDWeaknessoftheCreativeEconomyEGiftofTalking5.Everycountryhasitsownway6.TheBritishgovernmentdoesn'tseem7.Thecreativeindustriesfinditdifficult8.ManygraduatesareemployedAtofindjobsBtodolow-skilljobsCtofeeditspeopleDtohandledisputesEtomakeaprofitFtoworryabouttheBritisheconomy答案與題解：1.E第二段的主題句是第一個句子，是這么說的：Britainspecializesinthegiftoftalking.英國的特長是有說話的天賦，接下來確實是具體說明說話天賦在經(jīng)濟(jì)中的表現(xiàn)方面。所以，作者最后對這些說話行業(yè)能否保持英國經(jīng)濟(jì)的運轉(zhuǎn)提出了疑句。然而其主題思想仍然是在講說話天賦。2.C英國是聞名作家Shakespeare和Wordsworth的故鄉(xiāng)，他們以及英國的搖滾樂團(tuán)創(chuàng)造了大量的精神財富，也為英國賺得了大量的錢，顯示了創(chuàng)造性經(jīng)濟(jì)的力量。因此C是對的。3.D第四段的第一個句子是這么說的:However,creativeindustriesaccountforonlyabout4percentofUK'sexportsofgoodsandservices.然而，創(chuàng)造性行業(yè)的貨物和服務(wù)出口只占真?zhèn)€英國的出口的百分之四左右。可見創(chuàng)造性經(jīng)濟(jì)依舊很薄弱的。主意：這是主題句。4.B第四段的第一個句子是這么說的:Infact,itmightbebettertocallBritaina"servant"economy-thereareatleast4millionpeople"inservice".實際上，把英國的經(jīng)濟(jì)叫做服務(wù)經(jīng)濟(jì)更恰當(dāng)一些——因為至少有四百萬人在做服務(wù)性工作。這也是主題句。因此選B。5.C第一段講到了在今天的知識經(jīng)濟(jì)時代，各個國家生存于自己的強項。因此選：tofeeditspeople養(yǎng)活自己的人民。6.F第二段的最后兩句話是這么說的:ButcanallthistalkingkeeptheBritisheconomygoing?TheBritishgovernmentthinksitcan.然而，所有這么說話能讓英國的經(jīng)濟(jì)運轉(zhuǎn)嗎？英國政府認(rèn)為是能夠的?？梢姡孟癫⒉粨?dān)心英國的經(jīng)濟(jì)。因此F是對的。7.E那個問題參考了第四段中的一個句子，該句子是這么說的:Theindustriesarefindingithardtomakeaprofit,accordingtoareportoftheNationalEndowmentforScience,TechnologyandtheArts.依照國家科學(xué)、技術(shù)和藝術(shù)捐贈委員會的一份報告，這些創(chuàng)造性行業(yè)在獲得利潤上很困難。8.B問題問的是：許多畢業(yè)生被雇傭去做什么活？第五段有這么一個句子：Manygraduatesareevendoingmenial