2019高考英語三輪沖刺提分練組合練第3練閱讀理解七選五

閱讀理解+七選五Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2018·陜西西安地域八校聯(lián)考)Babbage，borninLondonin1791，wasagreatmathematicalgenius.Hewasanaturalinventor.Whenhefinishedschool，hewenttostudymathematicsatCambridgeUniversity.Laterhegotajobteachingattheuniversity.Whileworkingtherehedesignedhis“firstdifferenceengine”．Thiswas，basically

，，，ahand-operatedmechanicalcalculator.Hetooknineyearstobuildapartofthemachine.Thismachinecanmakecomplexmathematicalcalculations.It’sabasicmechanicalcomputer.Babbagedreamed，however，ofmorecomplicatedmachines.Infact，hedidn’tonlydream;hebegantodesignthem.Theresultwasaseriesof“analyticalengines”whichwereinfactpowerfulcomputers!Hisdesignscontainedprocessors，controlunits，amemoryandaninput/outputsystem.Thesearethefouressentialpartsofamodernmathematicalcomputer!Alas!His“seconddifferenceengine

”couldn’tuseelectricitysincethishadn

’tyetbecomeausablesourceofpower，soBabbagehadtomakedowithmechanicalsystems.Forthisreasonthemachinewasbigcomplicatedandexpensive.ThoughBabbageproducedcompleteplansforthemachine

，，，hecouldn’tbuildit.Itwastooadvancedforitsage!Itwasnotuntilalmost160yearslaterthatBabbage’s“seconddifferenceengine”wasfinallymanufactured.ThefirstworkingversionofthismachinewasbuiltbytheScienceMuseuminLondon，fortheBabbagebicentenaryin1991.AsecondmachinewasthenbuiltforanAmericanhigh-techmillionaire，whoputitintheComputerHistoryMuseum，inCalifornia.Babbage’sanalyticalengineswouldhaveused“programs”likethoseusedinthetextile(紡織)industrytomakecomplicatedpatterns，buttheywereneverbuilt.Thisbrilliantmathematicianreallywastoofaraheadofhistime!1．WheredidBabbageplanhis“firstdifferenceengine”？A．InLondon.B．Athighschool.C．AtCambridge.D．InScienceMuseum.2．Whatdoweknowabouthis“seconddifferenceengine”？A．Ittookhimnineyearstobuildit.B．Itwasfaraheadofitstime.C．Itsdesigncameoutinhisdreams.D．Itspowersourcewaselectricity.3．The“seconddifferenceengine”wasbuilttoworkin1991.A．foranAmericanmillionaireB．inmemoryofBabbageC．totestitsabilitytouseelectricityD．fortextileindustrytomakepatterns4．Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A．Babbage’senginesdidn’trunonprograms.B．Textilepatternsareproducedwithprograms.C．Babbagecanbeseenasthefatherofcomputers.D．Babbage’sanalyticalengineswereneverbuilt.BWithgoldensunshineandagentlebreeze，toavalleytoseeredmapletrees，goandpickfruitinanorchardorfindanopenfieldtoflyyourkitein.However，formanyhighschoolstudentsthesegreatactivitiesmaybejustadream.Withplentyofworktodotheyspendalltheirhoursindoors，strugglingforahighmarkintheirexams.Ofcourse

，，，studyisoneofthemostimportantthingsforteenagers.Butlifeisdefinitelymuchmorethanthat.Sometimeswespendsomuchtimestudyingthatweforgethowtomakelifewonderful.Indoingso，welosetherealpurposeoflife—tobeavaluableandhappyperson.Toenjoyjusthowgreatitistobealive，wehavetoputdownourbooksandpensandlookaroundus.Studentstakesomeexercisetoimproveyourhealth

，，talkwithyourparentsandfriendsforunderstandingandwalkaroundoutsidetorefreshyourbodyandmind.Goingoutandenjoyingthebeautifulcountrysideoftenhelpsourcreativityinourwork.Chinesecraftsman，LuBan，createdasawtohelpwoodworkers.Butifhehadn’twalkedoutside，hewouldnothavebeeninspiredbyakindoftoothedgrass.WecouldalsosupposethatifNewtonhadn’trestedunderthatappletree

，thenhewouldn’thavebeenhitbyanapple

，andhisclassictheorieswouldnothavecomeout.Goingoutisnotonlyabreakfromhardworkbutachancetoaddtolifeexperience.Socomeon

，，esureyouwillgetmuchmorethanknowledgefromtheexcitingjourney.5．Inwhichparagraphdoesthewritermakeasummaryabouthisopinion?A．Paragraph1.

B．Paragraph2.C．Paragraph5.

D．Paragraph4.6．Whyisgoingoutadreamformanyhighschoolstudents?A．Theyareunhappytodoso.B．Theirparentsdon’tallowthemtodoso.C．Theythinkstudyisthemostimportantthingforthem.D．Theyhavetoomuchworktodoforgettinghighmarksintheexams.7．Thepassageisdevelopedmainlyby.A．makingpredictionsB．reasoningandgivingexamplesC．describingthebeautifulsceneryinautumnD．pointingoutthepresentsituationofhighschoolstudents8．Whatmessagecanyougetfromthepassage?A．Natureispower.B．AllworkandnoplaymakesJackadullboy.C．Theauthorisn

’thappywithoureducationatall

.D．Goingoutcanmakehighschoolstudentsgetmore.CWhileJenniferwasathometakinganonlineexamforherbusinesslawclass

，amonitorafewhundredmilesawaywaswatchinghereverymove.UsingawebcameraequippedinJennifer

’sLosAngelesapartment

，themonitorinPhoenixtrackedhowfrequentlyhereyesmovedfromthecomputerscreenandlistenedforthesecretsoundsofapossiblehelperintheroom.HerInternetaccesswaslocked

—remotely

—topreventInternetsearches

，andhertypingstylewasanalyzedtomakesureshewaswhoshesaidshewas

：Didsheenterherstudentnumberatthesamespeedasshehadinthepast

？Orwassheslowingdown?Inthebattleagainstcheating

，thisisthecuttingedgeandakeytoencouragehonestyintheboomingfieldofonlineeducation.Thetechnologygivestrusttotheentiresystem，totheinstitutionandtoonlineeducationingeneral.Onlywithsolidmeasuresagainstcheating

，

expertssay

，canInternetuniversitiesshowthattheirexamsanddiplomasarevalid

—thatstudentshaven’tjustsearchedtheInternettogettherightanswers.Althoughonlineclasseshaveexistedformorethanadecade

，theconcernovercheatinghasbecomesharperinthelastyearwitht

hegrowthof

“openonlinecourses.

”Privatecolleges

，publicuniversitiesandcorporationsarejumpingintotheonlineeducationfield.Spendingmillionsofdollarstoattractpotentialstudents，whilealsotakingstepstohelpguaranteehonestyatadistance.Asidefromthewebcameras，anumberofotherhigh-techmethodsarebecomingincreasinglypopular.Amongthemareprogramsthatcheckstudents’identitiesusingpersonalinformation，suchasthetelephonenumberstheyonceused.Otherprogramscanproduceuniqueexamsbydrawingonalargelistofquestionsandcanrecognizepossiblecheatersbyanalyzingwhetherdifficulttestquestionsareansweredatthesamespeedaseasyones.Asinmanyuniversityclasses，termpapersarescannedagainstsomelargeInternetdatabanksforcheating.9．WhywasJenniferwatchedinanonlineexam?A．Tocorrecthertypingmistakes.B．Tofindhersecretsintheroom.C．Topreventherfromslowingdown.D．Tokeepherfromdishonestbehaviors.10．Theunderlinedexpression

“cuttingedge

”inParagraph3isclosestinmeaningto.A．a(chǎn)dvancedtechnique

B．sharpeningtoolC．effectiverule

D．dividingline11．Someprogramscanfindoutpossiblecheatersby.A．producingalargenumberofquestionsB．scanningtheInternettestquestionsC．checkingthequestionansweringspeedD．givingdifficulttestquestions12．Theauthorofthispassagewantstotellus.A．whattheInterneteducationisB．theimportanceofthewebcameratodayC．whenthestudentscancheatD．howtobeatstudentsexamcheatingonlineⅡ.七選五(2018·江西紅色七校聯(lián)考)DoPeopleNeedSmallTalktoBeHappy?Psychologists(心理學(xué)家)havelongsaidthatconnectingwithothersisanimportantpartofhappiness，butjusthowmuchconversationwerequireisunderexamination.Inonestudy,researchersfoundthatsmalltalkmadeuponly10%oftheirconversationrelatedwithhappiness.13Scientistsbelievethatsmalltalkcouldpromotebonding.Latelastyear，Princetonresearchersreportedthatsmalltalkkeepsclosenesswithlovedones，andisn’tmerelythestuffofawkwardexchangeswithstrangers.Still，chattingwithstrangerscouldbrightenyourmorning.Inaseriesofexperiments，psychologistsgaveChicagopassengersdifferentdirectionsaboutwhethertotalkwithfellowpassenger—somethingtheytypicallyavoided.14Noneofthechattersreportedbeingrejected.Smalltalkcanalsohelpusfeelconnectedtooursurroundings.Peoplewhosmiledat，madeeyecontactwith，andbrieflyspokewiththeirStarbucksbaristas(服務(wù)員)，reportedagreatersenseofbelongingthanthosewhorushedthroughthetransaction(交易)．15Onereportfoundthatwhenvolunteersbrokethesilencetochatwithgallerygoers，thevisitorsfelthappierandmoreconnectedtotheexhibitthanthosewhowerenotapproached.16Inonestudy，peoplewhowererated“l(fā)esscurious”byresearchershadtroublegettingaconversationrollingontheirown，andhadgreaterluckbuildingclosenesswithotherswhentheyweresuppliedwithquestionsthatencouragedpersonaldisclosure(透露)．Butpeoplewhowereconsidered“curious”needednohelpwhentransformingconversationsaboutordinarythingsintopersonalexchanges.17A．Thesameistrueofgallerygoers.B．Theyfoundthatsmalltalkisrelatedwithhappiness.C．Butdon’tplaydownsmalltalkjustyet.D．Ofcourse，somepeoplearebetterthanothersatturningsmalltalkintosomethingbigger.E．A“curiousmindset”，theauthorconcluded，canleadto“positivesocialinteractions”．F．Makingsmalltalkisanimportantskillforallthesocialsituations.G．Thosetoldtochatwithothersreportedamorepleasantjourney.答案分析Ⅰ.語篇解讀本文介紹了數(shù)學(xué)天才巴貝奇以及他那遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出那個時(shí)代的優(yōu)秀貢獻(xiàn)。1．C

[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第二段中的“

Whenhefinishedschool

，

hewenttostudymathematics

at

Cambridge

University.Later

，

he

got

ajob

teaching

at

theuniversity.Whileworkingthere

，hedesignedhis

‘firstdifferenceengine

’．”可知，巴貝奇在劍橋大學(xué)計(jì)劃他的“firstdifferenceengine”。應(yīng)選C。]2．B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“Alas！His‘seconddifferenceengine’couldn’tuseelectricitysincethishadn’tyetbecomeausablesourceofpower”和“Itwastooadvancedforitsage！”可知，他的“seconddifferenceengine”遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出了它的時(shí)代。應(yīng)選B。]3．B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Itwasnotuntilalmost160yearslaterthatBabbage’s‘seconddifferenceengine’wasfinallymanufactured.ThefirstworkingversionofthismachinewasbuiltbytheScienceMuseuminLondon，fortheBabbagebicentenaryin1991.”可知，the“seconddifferenceengine”在1991年被制造是為了紀(jì)念巴貝奇壽辰二百周年。應(yīng)選B。]4．C[推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文介紹了巴貝奇對計(jì)算機(jī)發(fā)明作出的巨大貢獻(xiàn)。由此可知，巴貝奇能夠被看作是計(jì)算機(jī)之父。]語篇解讀文中作者列舉了現(xiàn)在高中生忙于學(xué)習(xí)沒時(shí)間出門的現(xiàn)狀，說了然出門會有好多收獲，鼓舞學(xué)生們走出去，去獲取更多東西。5．C[推理判斷題。依據(jù)最后一段第一句和最后一句可知，作者以為出門是一種增添生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)的時(shí)機(jī)，我們會從激感人心的旅途中獲取更多的知識。本段總結(jié)了作者的看法。應(yīng)選C。]6．D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第二段第二句可知，高中生們有大批的作業(yè)要做，要把全部的時(shí)間用于學(xué)習(xí)考高分。關(guān)于他們來說出門活動就是一個夢想。應(yīng)選

D。]7．B[推理判斷題。依據(jù)第三段中的“

In

doingso，welosetherealpurposeoflife

—tobeavaluableandhappyperson.Toenjoyjusthowgreatitistobealive

，wehavetoputdownourbooksandpensandlookaroundus.

”可知是運(yùn)用了論證的方法；第四段中的“LuBan，createdasawtohelpwoodworkers...WecouldalsosupposethatifNewtonhadn’trestedunderth