鐵改性杭錦土吸附劑的研制及對水中砷磷去除機理研究

鐵改性杭錦土吸附劑的研制及對水中砷磷去除機理研究鐵改性杭錦土吸附劑的研制及對水中砷磷去除機理研究

摘要：本研究以杭錦土為基礎(chǔ)材料，采用化學(xué)處理方法制備了鐵改性杭錦土吸附劑。通過研究反應(yīng)條件，優(yōu)化了鐵改性杭錦土的制備工藝，確定了最佳反應(yīng)條件為鐵與杭錦土質(zhì)量比為0.1，反應(yīng)溫度為70℃，反應(yīng)時間為12h。同時，對吸附劑進行了表征，并研究了吸附劑的吸附性能。結(jié)果表明，在pH為6時，吸附劑對砷和磷的吸附量分別為1.32mg/g和4.58mg/g。通過SEM和XRD對吸附劑的形貌和結(jié)構(gòu)進行了分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)經(jīng)過鐵改性后，杭錦土表面形成了Fe-O組成的結(jié)構(gòu)，表面吸附位點得到增加，從而提高了吸附能力。進一步研究了吸附機理，結(jié)果表明，吸附主要是通過表面絡(luò)合和化學(xué)吸附作用進行的，其中表面絡(luò)合是吸附砷的主要機理，而化學(xué)吸附作用是吸附磷的主要機理。因此，鐵改性杭錦土吸附劑可以作為一種有效的污水處理技術(shù)，并有望在實際應(yīng)用中得到廣泛應(yīng)用。

關(guān)鍵詞：鐵改性杭錦土；吸附劑；砷；磷；吸附機理。

Introduction:

近年來，環(huán)境污染問題日益嚴(yán)重，其中水環(huán)境污染是一個十分突出的問題。砷和磷作為污染物，其含量越來越高，給環(huán)境和健康帶來了很大的風(fēng)險。因此，研究高效的砷、磷吸附劑，具有十分重要的意義。杭錦土具有廣泛的分布和豐富的資源，因此，本研究以杭錦土為基礎(chǔ)材料，通過鐵改性和化學(xué)處理來制備吸附劑，研究吸附劑對砷和磷的吸附性能和吸附機理。

Materialsandmethods:

本研究以杭錦土為原料，采用化學(xué)方法制備了鐵改性杭錦土吸附劑。通過單因素實驗和正交實驗優(yōu)化了鐵改性杭錦土的制備工藝，確定了最佳反應(yīng)條件。對吸附劑進行了表征，研究了其吸附性能，并通過SEM和XRD分析了吸附劑的形貌和結(jié)構(gòu)。同時，還研究了吸附機理。

Resultsanddiscussion:

通過單因素實驗和正交實驗優(yōu)化了鐵改性杭錦土的制備工藝，確定了最佳反應(yīng)條件為鐵與杭錦土質(zhì)量比為0.1，反應(yīng)溫度為70℃，反應(yīng)時間為12h。在最佳反應(yīng)條件下制備的吸附劑表現(xiàn)出了很好的吸附性能，吸附效果較好。在pH為6時，吸附劑對砷和磷的吸附量分別為1.32mg/g和4.58mg/g。根據(jù)SEM和XRD的分析結(jié)果，經(jīng)過鐵改性后，杭錦土表面形成了Fe-O組成的結(jié)構(gòu)，表面吸附位點得到增加，從而提高了吸附能力。吸附機理研究表明，吸附主要是通過表面絡(luò)合和化學(xué)吸附作用進行的，其中表面絡(luò)合是吸附砷的主要機理，而化學(xué)吸附作用是吸附磷的主要機理。

Conclusion:

鐵改性杭錦土吸附劑具有很好的去除砷、磷污染物的效果，可以作為一種有效的污水處理技術(shù)，在實際應(yīng)用中得到廣泛應(yīng)用。未來的研究方向?qū)⑹侵苽涓鼮楦咝У奈絼?，并繼續(xù)深入研究其吸附機理。Introduction:

Heavymetalpollutionhasbecomeaseriousenvironmentalproblem,asitcanhaveharmfuleffectsonhumanhealthandecosystem.Arsenicandphosphatearetwocommoncontaminantsinwaterandwastewater,whicharedifficulttoremovebyconventionalmethods.Therefore,thedevelopmentofefficientandlow-costadsorbentsisofgreatsignificanceforthetreatmentofcontaminatedwater.Inrecentyears,naturalmaterialsandtheirmodifiedformshavereceivedincreasingattentionduetotheirabundantsourcesandhighadsorptioncapacity.Amongthem,modifiedclayshavebeenwidelystudiedaspromisingadsorbentsfortheremovalofheavymetals.

Materialsandmethods:

Inthisstudy,iron-modifiedHangjinclay(Fe-HJC)waspreparedbyasingle-factorandorthogonalexperimentaldesign,andtheoptimalreactionconditionsweredetermined.TheadsorptionperformanceoftheFe-HJCwascharacterized,andthemorphologyandstructureoftheadsorbentwereanalyzedbySEMandXRD.Theadsorptionmechanismwasalsoinvestigated.

Resultsanddiscussion:

TheoptimalreactionconditionsforthepreparationofFe-HJCweredeterminedtobeamassratioofirontoHJCof0.1,areactiontemperatureof70℃,andareactiontimeof12h.TheFe-HJCshowedexcellentadsorptionperformance,withamaximumadsorptioncapacityof1.32mg/gforarsenicand4.58mg/gforphosphateatpH6.SEMandXRDresultsrevealedthatthesurfaceofHJCwascoveredwithFe-Ostructuresafterironmodification,whichincreasedthenumberofadsorptionsitesandenhancedtheadsorptioncapacity.TheadsorptionmechanismofFe-HJCwasmainlyattributedtosurfacecomplexationandchemicaladsorption.Surfacecomplexationwastheprimarymechanismforarsenicadsorption,whilechemicaladsorptionwastheprimarymechanismforphosphateadsorption.

Conclusion:

Iron-modifiedHangjinclayisaneffectiveadsorbentfortheremovalofarsenicandphosphatefromcontaminatedwater.Theresultsofthisstudyprovideatheoreticalandexperimentalbasisforthedevelopmentofefficientandlow-costadsorbents.Thenextstepistostudythedevelopmentofmoreefficientadsorbentsandexploretheiradsorptionmechanismstobetterunderstandtheinteractionsbetweentheadsorbentandtheadsorbate.TheapplicationofFe-HJCinreal-worldscenariosisalsoworthexploringinthefuture。InadditiontothepracticalapplicationsofFe-HJCasanadsorbentforarsenicandphosphateremoval,theresearchalsoshedslightontheunderlyingprinciplesofadsorptionprocesses.Thestudydemonstratestheimportanceoffactorssuchasthechemicalcompositionandstructureoftheadsorbent,thepHandconcentrationofthesolution,andtheinitialconcentrationoftheadsorbateindeterminingtheefficiencyandcapacityoftheadsorptionprocess.Furthermore,theresultssuggestthatadsorptionisacomplexprocessinvolvingarangeofcompetingfactors,includingelectrostaticattraction,ionexchange,andsurfacecomplexation.Furtherresearchintothemechanismsofadsorptionmayhelptooptimizethedesignandperformanceofadsorbentsforarangeofenvironmentalapplications.

AnotherimportantaspectoftheresearchisthepotentialfortheuseofFe-HJCinreal-worldscenarios.WhilethelaboratoryexperimentsdemonstratetheefficacyofFe-HJCasanadsorbentforarsenicandphosphateremovalundercontrolledconditions,additionaltestsareneededtoevaluateitsperformanceundermorevariedandunpredictableconditions.Forexample,theeffectsoftemperaturefluctuations,changesinwaterpHandcomposition,andthepresenceofothercontaminantsinthewatermayallimpacttheefficiencyandeffectivenessofFe-HJCasanadsorbent.Additionally,economicconsiderationsmustbetakenintoaccount,asthecostofproducinganddeployingFe-HJCmayultimatelydetermineitsabilitytobeusedatscaleinthefield.

Overall,thestudyofFe-HJCasanadsorbentforarsenicandphosphateremovalrepresentsanexcitingadvancementinthefieldofenvironmentalremediation.Byexploringthedesignandperformanceofnoveladsorbents,researchersmaybeabletodevelopmoreeffectiveandsustainablestrategiesforaddressingarangeofenvironmentalconcerns.Additionally,animprovedunderstandingoftheunderlyingprinciplesofadsorptionmayhelptoinformthedevelopmentofmoreefficientandtargetedtreatmentmethodsforawiderangeofpollutantsandcontaminantsinwaterandotherenvironmentalmedia。Inrecentyears,therehasbeengrowingconcernovertheadverseeffectsofpollutantsandcontaminantsontheenvironmentandhumanhealth.Thereleaseoftoxicchemicals,heavymetals,andotherhazardoussubstancesintotheair,water,andsoilhasledtoarangeofenvironmentalproblems,includingwaterpollution,soilcontamination,andairpollution.Environmentalremediationisthepracticeofremovingthesepollutantsandcontaminantstoimproveoverallenvironmentalqualityandsafeguardhumanhealth.Adsorptionisanimportantprocessusedinenvironmentalremediationtoremovepollutantsandcontaminantsfromwaterandotherenvironmentalmedia.

Adsorptionisaprocessinwhichasubstanceadherestothesurfaceofanothersubstance.Inenvironmentalremediation,adsorbentsareusedtoremovepollutantsandcontaminantsfromwaterandotherenvironmentalmedia.Adsorbentscomeindifferentforms,includingnaturalmaterialssuchasactivatedcarbon,zeolites,andsilicananoparticles,andsyntheticmaterialssuchaspolymer-basedadsorbents.

Thedesignandperformanceofadsorbentsarecriticalfactorsdeterminingtheefficiencyandeffectivenessofadsorption.Researchersareexploringdifferentmethodstoimproveadsorbentdesigntodevelopmoreeffectiveandsustainableenvironmentalremediationstrategies.Forexample,researchersareinvestigatingtheuseofnanotechnologytoimproveadsorbentperformance.Nanoparticleshaveahighsurfaceareatovolumeratio,whichincreasestheircapacitytoadsorbpollutantsandcontaminants.Researchersarealsoexploringtheuseofporousmaterialssuchasmetal-organicframeworks(MOFs)toincreasethesurfaceareaandadsorptioncapacityofadsorbents.

Inadditiontodevelopingnoveladsorbents,researchersarealsofocusedonunderstandingthefundamentalprinciplesofadsorption.Thisunderstandingiscriticaltoinformthedevelopmentofmoreefficientandtargetedtreatmentmethodsforawiderangeofpollutantsandcontaminantsinwaterandotherenvironmentalmedia.Forexample,researchersareinvestigatingtheeffectsoffactorssuchaspH,temperature,andthepresenceofotherchemicalsonadsorptiontodevelopoptimaltreatmentconditions.

Inconclusion,adsorptionisacriticalprocessusedinenvironmentalremediationtoremovepollutantsandcontaminantsfromwaterandotherenvironmentalmedia.Thedesignandperformanceofadsorbentsarecriticalfactorsdeterminingtheefficiencyandeffectivenessofadsorption.Byexploringthedesignandperformanceofnoveladsorbentsandunderstandingtheunderlyingprinciplesofadsorption,researchersmaybeabletodevelopmoreeffectiveandsustainablestrategiesforaddressingarangeofenvironmentalconcerns。Thedevelopmentofnoveladsorbentsisessentialforeffectiveenvironmentalremediation.Adsorbentsarematerialsthatcanselectivelycaptureandbindpollutantsandcontaminantsfromenvironmentalmedia,includingwater,air,andsoil.Thedesignandperformanceofadsorbentssignificantlyinfluencetheirefficiencyandeffectivenessinremovingcontaminants,aswellastheircostandsustainability.

Thedesignofadsorbentsshouldconsiderseveralcriticalparameters,suchassurfacearea,poresize,andfunctionalgroups.Highsurfaceareaandporesize,coupledwithsuitablefunctionalgroups,facilitatetheadsorptionprocessbyincreasingthecontactareabetweentheadsorbentandthepollutant,aswellasprovidingsitesforchemicalinteractions.Akeyconsiderationinadsorbentdesignistheselectivityofadsorption.Selectiveadsorptionoccurswhenanadsorbentbindstocertainpollutantsmorestronglythanothers,resultinginahighadsorptioncapacityforthetargetedpollutants.

Theperformanceofadsorbentsisevaluatedbasedontheirefficiencyandeffectivenessinremovingcontaminants,aswellastheirreusabilityandcost-effectiveness.Theefficiencyofanadsorbentdependsonitscapacitytoadsorbthetargetedpollutantsfromenvironmentalmedia,whileitseffectivenessisinfluencedbytherateofadsorption,theselectivity,andtheregenerationpotential.Adsorbentsshouldbecost-effectiveandeasytoproduce,andtheirreusepotentialshouldbemaximizedtoensuresustainability.

Recentadvancesinmaterialscienceandnanotechnologyhavefacilitatedthedevelopmentofnoveladsorbentswithenhancedadsorptioncapacityandselectivity.Materialssuchasgrapheneo