2023年高考英語語法填空與短文改錯(cuò)知識點(diǎn)歸納總結(jié)含答案

2023年高考英語語法填空與短文改錯(cuò)知識點(diǎn)歸納總結(jié)（含答案）一、名詞的數(shù)語法填空1.

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62)Thistrend,...,hashadsomeunintendedside62

(effect)suchasoverweightandheartdisease—theverythingthemedicalcommunitywastryingtofight.解析：effects表示“一些意料外的副作用”，故用復(fù)數(shù)。2.

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61)Itranforjustundersevenkilometersandallowedpeopletoavoidterrible61(crowd)ontheroads...解析：crowds避免擁擠的人群。3.

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67)Shehasturneddownseveral67(invitation)tostaratshowsinordertoconcentrateonherstudies.解析：invitations由前面的several可知，要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。短文改錯(cuò)1.

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卷）Theinstructorkeptrepeatingthe

word,“Speedup!”“Slowdown!”“Turnleft!”解析：word-*words后面有并列的三句話，故word用復(fù)數(shù)words。2.

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卷）Besides,theyoftengetsomeuseful

informations

fromtheInternet.解析：informations-information因information是不可數(shù)名詞，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。二、代詞閱讀理解Someoftheworld’smostfamousmusiciansrecentlygatheredinParisandNewOrleanstocelebratethefirstannualInternationalJazzDay...Despitethecelebrations,though,intheU.S.thejazzaudiencecontinuestoshrinkandgrowolder,andthemusichasfailedtoconnectwithyoungergenerations.It’sJasonMoran’sjobtohelpchange

that.AstheKennedy29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inParagraph3referto?A.

Jazzbecomingmoreaccessible.B.

Theproductionofjazzgrowingfaster.C.

Jazzbeinglesspopularwiththeyoung.D.

Thejazzaudiencebecominglarger.解析：指代前句中即前一段的最后一句中的themusichasfailedtoconnect6withyoungergenerations,比較各選項(xiàng)，只有C正確。語法填空(2023

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67)However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths,morethan25,000peoplewereusing67everyday.解析：it指代前句中的therailway。短文改錯(cuò)1.

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卷)Mr.andMrs.Zhangallworkinourschool.解析：all-*both考查代詞。因Mr.andMrs.Zhang是兩個(gè)人，而all是指三者或三者以上的“都”，故改all為表示兩者“都”的both。2.

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卷）Thispictureoftenbringsbacktomemanyhappymemoriesof

your

highschooldays.解析：you—my是“我的”照片，應(yīng)是“我的”學(xué)生時(shí)代回憶美好的事。

(P171

第二組第二篇)1canclimbthehills.Allthiswillbeinterestingandgoodfor

your

health.Aboveall,Icanlearnmoreaboutnature.解析(P55):your—my由語境可知，應(yīng)是對“我的”身體有益。三、冠詞語法填空1.

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As65result,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.解析：a因asaresult固定短語。2.

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62)Instead,sheisearning￡6,500adayas62modelinNewYork.解析：a表示職業(yè)的單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前通常加不定冠詞。3.

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Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,layingthetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofover64top.解析：the特指這條路的短文改錯(cuò)1.

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卷）IstillrememberhowhardAfirstdaywas.解析：在first前加the或my在序數(shù)詞前要用定冠詞the，在本文語境里，也可用my,表示“我學(xué)習(xí)駕駛的第一天”。2.

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卷）Theylivefarfromtheschool,andittakesthemaboutahourandahalftogotoworkeveryday.解析：a改成an/one

因half是以元音音素開頭的，表示數(shù)量“一”，要用an

或

one。3.

(2023

全國III卷)AroundmeinApicturearethethingsthatwereveryimportantinmylifeatthattime解析：在picture前加the或this特指上面提到的這張照片。四、介詞語法填空1.

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61)Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity(醫(yī)學(xué)界）

61amethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedsideeffectssuchasoverweightandheartdisease...解析：as表示“作為”

一種方法。2.

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62)...andallowedpeopletoavoidterriblecrowdsontheroadsaboveastheytravelledtoand62work.解析：from因是固定搭配，表示“往返，來回”，toandfromwork意為

“上下班”。3.

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68)Afterschoolsheplanstotakeayearofftomodelfull-timebeforegoingtouniversitytogetadegree68engineeringorarchitecture.解析：in表示“某方面的學(xué)位”用介詞in。又如：take/getadegreeinlaw

獲得法律學(xué)位。短文改錯(cuò)1.

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卷]0)ItwasareliefandIcametoasuddenstopjustinthemiddleontheroad.解析：on-*of考查介詞。表示“在y…的中間”是inthemiddleof。2.

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6)Theyhavealsoboughtforsomegardeningtools.解析：for考查介詞。因buy是及物動(dòng)詞，表示買某物，其后直接接賓語。3.

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1)WhenIlookatthispictureofmyselfIrealizeofhowfasttimeflies.解析：刪除realize后的of因realize是及物動(dòng)詞，后直接接賓語從句，不再用介詞of，故刪除。五、并列連詞短文改錯(cuò)1.

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卷）Beforegettingintothecar,IthoughtIhadlearnedtheinstructor’sorders,soonceIstartedthecar,mymindwentblank.解析：so-*but/yet考查并列連詞。前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。2.

(2023

全國III卷）Ihavegrownnotonlyphysically,andalsomentallyinthepastfewyears.解析：and—but

因

notonly...butalso

是固定搭配。六、從句連詞定語從句語法填空1.

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70)Havingenoughfatandsaltinyourmealswillreducetheurgetosnack(口乞;betweenmealsandwillimprovethetasteofyourfood...Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,70isnotgoodforthehealth.解析：which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句用which。2.

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64)ButSarah,64hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wantstoprovethatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.解析：who因謂語動(dòng)詞是后面的want,所以兩個(gè)逗號之間是一個(gè)定語從句，先行詞是人又在從句中作主語，故填who。短文改錯(cuò)1.

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卷)Intheirsparetime,theyareinterestedinplantingvegetablesintheirgarden,

that

isontherooftopoftheirhouse.解析：tha卜which考^從句連詞。引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句不能用that，先行詞garden是物，用which。2.

(2023

全國III卷）Aroundmeinthepicturearethethings

they

wereveryimportantinmylifeatthattime...解析：they-*that/which引導(dǎo)定語從句并在從句中作主語，先行詞是物，應(yīng)用

that

或

which。七、謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語法填空1.

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67)Evenworse,theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.Fastfood67(be)fulloffatandsalt.解析：is主第M稱單詞，由上下文可知用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，故填is。2.

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68)Later,engineers68

(manage)toconstructrailwaysinasystemofdeeptunnels(隧道）whichbecameknownastheTube.Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossible...解析：managed這是謂語動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)上下文謂語動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)可知，也用一般過去時(shí)。3.

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69)MydadthinksIshouldtaketheoffernow.Butatthatmoment,school69

(come)first.Idon’twanttogettooabsorbedinmodeling.解析：comes由上下文的時(shí)態(tài)可知，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。短文改錯(cuò)(2023

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4)Beforegettingintothecar,IthoughtIhadlearnedtheinstructor’sorders,butonceIstartedthecar,mymind

goes

blank.解析：goes---went上下文均為一般過去時(shí)。(2023

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9)Whensummer

came,theywillinvitetheirstudents...解析：came-*comes主句謂語動(dòng)詞willinvite是一般將來吋，從句應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，故填comes。(2023

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2)Ihadgrownnotonlyphysically,butalsomentallyinthepastfewyears.解析：had-*have因inthepastfewyears常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用，故改had

為

have。(2023

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5)Ienteredmysecondyearofhighschooland

become

anewmemberoftheschoolmusicclub.解析：become-*-became

由

and

可知，become

應(yīng)與前面的

entered—致，又由從句謂語was可知，用一般過去時(shí)。語態(tài)語法填空1.

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Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequiredtoprocessthefoodthatweeat...Whenfatandsalt64(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifitismissingsomething.解析：areremoved表示“被移除”，上下文為現(xiàn)在時(shí)。2.

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Steamengines65(use)topullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeenfairlyunpleasantforthepassengers...However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccess...解析：wereused因與是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，又是過去的動(dòng)作，故用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，主語是復(fù)數(shù)，填wereused。3.

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63)Sarah63(tell)thatshecouldbeBritain’snewsupermodel,earningamilliondollarsinthenextyear.HerfatherPeter,44,wantshertogiveupschool...解析：hasbeentold/wastold由tellsbsth可知要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，由語境可知，應(yīng)是“己有人告訴她”或“曾有人告訴她”，故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。短文改錯(cuò)(2023

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III卷）Aboutonemonthafterthisphotowas

took，Ienteredmysecondyearofhighschool...解析：took-*taken這是被動(dòng)語態(tài)，應(yīng)是was加take的過去分詞，而take

的過去分詞是taken，故took改為taken。七、非謂語動(dòng)詞語法填空1.(2023

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卷63)

Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequired63(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.解析：toprocess由requiresbtodosth可知，用不定式作主補(bǔ)。2.

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65)ButSarah,whohastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wants65(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.解析：toimprove

由

wanttodosth.可知。3.

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68)Fastfoodisfulloffatandsalt;by68(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.解析：eating在介詞后作賓語要用動(dòng)名詞。4.

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Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,63(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroof...解析：laying與前面的digging及后面的andthenbuilding為并列關(guān)系，

—起作included的賓語；根據(jù)“并列一致”可知，也應(yīng)用-ing形式，故填laying(鋪)。5.

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全國III卷61)Butunlikeherschoolfriends,16-year-oldSarahisnotspendinghalf-term61(rest).解析：resting

由

spend...doingsth.可知。短文改錯(cuò)(2023

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10)Whensummercome,theywillinvitetheirstudentsApickthefreshvegetables!解析：在pick前加to考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。由invitesbtodosth可知。八、詞類轉(zhuǎn)換語法填空1.

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卷69)

Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe69(introduce)ofelectric-poweredenginesandlifts.解析：introduction作介詞的賓語要用名詞或者在冠詞the后要名詞，表示“采用，引入”，故填introductiono2.

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66)Sheisdeterminedtocarryonwithher66(educate).解析：education作介詞的賓語或在形容詞性物主代詞后，要用名詞。3.

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卷69)

However,be69(care)nottogotoextremes.解析：careful作表語要用形容詞廠4.

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70)TheCentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost70(success)ofthesenewlines...解析：successful因themostsuccessful為形容詞的最高級，后面省略了名詞

lineso5.

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70)Itis70(certain)funbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal.解析：certainly修飾動(dòng)詞用副詞，意為：這“當(dāng)然是”有趣的事。6.(2023

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Steamengineswereusedtopullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeen66

(fair)unpleasantforthepassengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.解析：fairly修飾形容詞unpleasant，表示“相當(dāng)?shù)亍保酶痹~fairly。短文改錯(cuò)*1.

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卷）ItwasareliefandIcametoa

suddenly

stopjustinthemiddleoftheroad.解析：suddenly-*sudden考查詞類轉(zhuǎn)換。在名詞前作定語要用形容詞。2.

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卷）Ienjoyedstudying

difference

kindsofcarsandplanes...解析：difference—different在名詞前作定語要用形容詞。八、比較等級語法填空(2023

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66)Even66

(bad),theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.解析：worse表示比這“更糟糕的是”。短文改錯(cuò)1.

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卷）Afewminutes

late，theinstructoraskedmeto