形容詞和副詞-思維導(dǎo)圖破解2022年高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法+題型特訓(xùn)

第五章形容詞和副詞

圄知識(shí)網(wǎng)絡(luò)

形容詞：修飾名詞和代詞，作定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓補(bǔ)和狀語(yǔ)

副詞：修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞和句子，作狀語(yǔ)

形容詞構(gòu)詞法：-able,-y,-al,-ent,-ive,-ful,-ous

基本用法一般情況，+ly

以輔音加"y"結(jié)尾，將"y"改成，再加

形容詞+-I海成題詞的規(guī)則

以e結(jié)尾:出去e+ly,輔e直接+ly,Ie結(jié)尾，e改y

以H結(jié)尾，只+y

比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的構(gòu)成規(guī)則

匕戚-------as+原級(jí)+as"與"not+as/so+原級(jí)+as"

比較級(jí)+than"…比..更…”

普通句式

no+比較級(jí)+than兩者同樣不

<the+比較級(jí)+ofthetwo"兩者之間比較…的一個(gè)"

匕幽級(jí)l比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)moreandmore+原級(jí)"越來(lái)越…"

固定句式

the+比較級(jí)，the+以交級(jí)"越…越…"

否定式+比較級(jí)“非常.

修飾語(yǔ)：much,still,no,even,far,alot,alittle,agreatdeal,abit

比較等級(jí)the+最高級(jí)+in/of/among短語(yǔ)"…是…中高…的.

普通句式

oneofthe+形容詞最高級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”是…最…之一”

最高級(jí)never…a(n)+形容詞比較級(jí)+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)"從未?.更…的”

固定句式切級(jí)+than+anyother+名詞單數(shù)"比眄…都…”

比較級(jí)+than+theother+名詞復(fù)數(shù)"比任何…都…”

r倍數(shù)+as+形容詞/副詞的原級(jí)+as

r倍數(shù)+形容詞/SI詞的比較級(jí)+than

--(^1+thesize/height/weight/length/width/depth/...+of

倍數(shù)+that+of

倍數(shù)+what從句

-ing懈詞和-ed蹄詞<-ing形容詞主要用于修飾事物，表示事物的性質(zhì)或特征,常譯為?令人……的二修飾人時(shí)，貝爆示此人具有此性質(zhì)或特征.

-ed形容詞通常用于說(shuō)明人的感受,常譯為?屐到……的?，強(qiáng)調(diào)人自身的情感波動(dòng)

(拳精題精練

一、單句語(yǔ)法填空

(一)基本用法

1.Acareerinlawisbecomingincreasingly(attract)toyoungpeople.

2.Thebookprovides(value)informationonrecenttrends.

3.Fm(true)sorrythatthingshadtoendlikethis.

4.Weareall(entire)responsibleforouractions.

5.Withonlineshoppingincreasinglypopular,theInternetisseenasan(efficiency)wayof

reachingtargetcustomers.

6.Fromnewsarticlesandrecipestoyogaclasses,youcanfindalmosteverythingontheInternet.

Manypeoplefindthiswayoflifemore(convenience).

7.Assimpleasthenamesuggests,WalkingFootballis(definite)justplayingfootballat

walkingpace.

8.(amazing),ithasbeenprovedthatifdrunkregularly,whiteteawillgreatlybenefitpeople's

physicalandmentalhealth.

9.Toastsaremadetowishthenewcouplelonglife,everlastingloveandhappiness,earlybirthof

a(health)babyandsoon.

10.Sometimeswhenalongtimegoesbywithoutbeingrecognizedforthegoodwedo,westartto

getupset,butasimplestatementofappreciationcouldmakeusbecome(energy)againfora

goodlongtime.

(二)比較等級(jí)

1.JinYongachieveda(great)successthananyothercontemporarywriter.

2.Ifyoutakeanapduringtheday,especiallyifyoutakeittoolateintheafternoon,youwillactually

releasesomeofthatsleepinessanditwillmakeitmuch(hard)tofallasleepandstayasleep

soundlythroughoutthenight.

3.Thesedays,ascomparedtotentofifteenyearsago,thejobofassemblyismade(simple)

byproducersofpartsthatarelargelystandardized.

4.Mr.Greenisgreattoworkfbr-Ireallycouldn'taskfora(good)boss.

5.Themoreexercisetheyoungstudentstake,the(energy)theybecome.

6.Nothingis(stress)thangoingonabusinesstripwithourbosswhoissostrict.

7.Ofthetwoboys,Jimisthe(young)one,andheisalsotheonewholovestobenoisy.

8.Helostallhiswealthandcouldn'tpayforhisinsurance,buttherewaseven(bad)

newstocome.

9.“Thegiftwillforeverbethe(great)giftI'vereceivedbecauseofhowmuchvalueand

meaningithasbehindit,“shesays.

10.Al'sadultson,Ernie,however,isoneofthe(kind)menIhaveeverknown.

二、單句語(yǔ)法改錯(cuò)

1.Sinceitwasmyfirsttimetotalkwithforeigners,suddenlymymindwentblankly.

2.Allofusenjoyhislessonswhicharelivelyandinterested.

3.Inmyopinion,lifewouldbemuchmorecomfortonthemoonthanontheearth.

4.ThismayincludetakingwatershoesifIhaveplansforhikingthroughstreamsandriversanda

reliablejackettokeepwarmly.

5.Ateacherisalwaysbelievedtobeoneofgreatestoccupations,becauseteachersmakegreat

contributionstotheworld.

6.Itwasraininghardlyoutside,whichmadeitdifficultformetogohomeforlunch.

7.Hisstudentsdeeprespecthimandheneverneedstoraisehisvoiceinordertobeheard.

8.Hecouldn'tfallsleptwithlightson.

9.Theysaythatoncemoved,animalswillhavemoreroomandgoodlivingconditionsinthesuburbs.

10.Whenpeoplereturnbackfromtheirtravel,theywillgenerallyfeelfreshandenergetic,readyto

workharder.

11.Iamdeepmovedbythekindnessofpeoplearound

12.Itremindsmeofmychildhoodandoftheoldmanwhodidn'trealwanttomakemoneyby

painting.

13.Andyouwillpossiblefindpropersolutionswiththehelpofyourschoolmates.

14.Shewasverysopopularintheschoolthatmanyteachersalsolikedtointeractwithher.

15.Thanksforyourlastletter.Iampleasanttohearallyournews.

夕真題實(shí)戰(zhàn)

一、單句語(yǔ)法填空

1.（2021?全國(guó)甲卷45/50）Afterspendingsometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentat

thewail,wedecideditwastimeforsomeactionandwhat45.（good）thantorideon

apieceofhistory!

WehiredourbikesfromtherentalplaceattheSouthGate.Mybikewasoldandshakybut

didthejob.Ittookusabout3hourstogoallthewayaroundtheXi'anCityWall.Supposedly,you

candoitintwohours,butwestoppedatthedifferentgatesandwatchtowerstotakepicturesor,

justtowatchthelocalpeoplegoingabouttheir（day）routines.

2.（2021?新高考I卷58/59/60）Thehotspringatthefootofthemountainissomethingyou

musttryaftertheclimb.Itwill（undoubted）helpyougetrefreshed!Theamazingthing

aboutthespringisthatthecolderthetemperaturegets,the（hot）thespring!Strange,

isn'tit?Butthat'shownatureis-alwaysleavingus（astonish）.

3.（2021?浙江卷39）Whenthehousewasbuilt,itwasmuch（small）thanitistoday.

Mary'sniecewrote,...........

4.（2020?新課標(biāo)I卷62）Landingonthemoon^farsideis（extreme）challenging.

5.（2020?新課標(biāo)I卷69）Dataaboutthemoon9scomposition,suchashowiceand

othertreasuresitcontains,couldhelpChinadecidewhetheritsplansforafuturelunar（月球的）

basearepractical.

6.（2020?新課標(biāo)II卷66）Bamboo:Chineselovetheir"LuckyBamboo,,plantsandyouwill

seethemoftenintheirhomesandoffice.（certain）duringtheholidayperiod,thisplantis

amust.

7.（2020?新課標(biāo)II卷69）The（beauty）longbranchescoveredwithpink-colored

buds（蔣蕾）makefantasticdecorations.

8.（2020?新課標(biāo)III卷68）Asthesmallboatmoved,（gentle）alongtheriverhewas

leftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.

9.（2020?山東卷36）Inthe18thand19thcenturies,（wealth）peopletravelledand

collectedplants,historicalobjectsandworksofart.

10.[2019（全國(guó)I）,68]Scientistshaverespondedbynotingthathungrybearsmaybecongregating（聚

集)aroundhumansettlements,leadingtotheillusion(錯(cuò)覺(jué))thatpopulationsare(high)than

theyactuallyare.

11.[2019(全國(guó)II),70]Butthenwegotanofficialletterandwewereblownaway.Weareso

proudofher.It?s(wonder)

12.[2019(全國(guó)III),68]TheyalsosharedwithusmanytraditionalstoriesaboutHawaiithatwere_

(huge)popularwithtourists.

13.(2018江蘇,34)Despitethepoorserviceofthehotel,themanageris(reluctance)to

investinsufficienttrainingforhisstaff.

14.[2017甲卷(全國(guó)II),70]TheCentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost(success)

ofthesenewlines,andwasopenedin1900.

15.[2017甲卷(全國(guó)II),66]...itmusthavebeen(fair)unpleasantforthepassengers,with

allthesmokeandnoise.

16.[2017江蘇,29]OnlyfiveyearsafterSteveJobs'death,smart-phonesdefeated

(convention)PCsinsales.

17.[2017江蘇,341Thedisappearanceofdinosaursisnotnecessarilycausedbyastronomical

incidents.But(alternate)explanationsarehardtofind.

18.[2017浙江,60]Sixteenyears(early),Pahlssonhadremovedthediamondringto

cook(cook)ameal.

19.[2016乙卷(全國(guó)I),63]Fromtomorrow,IwillbetheirUKambassador.Thetitlewillbe

(official)giventomeataceremonyinLondon.

20.[2016浙江,13]Asuddenstopcanbeaveryfrighteningexperience,(especial)if

youaretravellingathighspeed.

21.[2016甲卷(全國(guó)II),61]Ifyoufeelstressedbyresponsibilitiesatwork,youshouldtakeastep

backandidentify(識(shí)另ij)thoseof(great)andlessimportance.

22.[2015安徽,26]I匚mso(gratitude)toallthosevolunteersbecausetheyhelpedmy

terribledayendhappily.

23.[2014新課標(biāo)全國(guó)II,63]Thereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop,(and)someofthem

lookedveryanxiousand(disappoint).

24.[2014安徽,27]Mygoodperformanceinthejobinterviewleftme(optimism)about

myfutureandaboutwhatIcandohere.

25.[2014新課標(biāo)全國(guó)I,62]Theriverwassopollutedthatit（actual）caughtfireand

burned.

26.12014大綱,27]Raymond'sparentswantedhimtohavethe（good）possible

education.

27.[2013湖北,29]Don'tdefendhimanymore.Ifsobviousthathe（deliberate）

destroyedthefenceofthegardenevenwithoutapology.

28.[2013天津,3]IthinkwatchingTVeveryeveningisawasteoftime—thereare

（meaningful）thingstodo.

二、單句語(yǔ)法改錯(cuò)

1.（2021?全國(guó)乙卷短文改錯(cuò)7/8）What^most,doinghouseworkcanbeaformofmentally

relaxationfromstudy.

2.（2020?新課標(biāo)I卷）TodayItriedcookingasimplydishmyself.

3.（2020?新課標(biāo)II卷）PmsurelyyouUlhaveagoodtime.

4.（2020?新課標(biāo)II卷）ThenIcansparesometimetolearnitagain,suchthatwecanpractice

togetheroneveryday.

5.[2019（全國(guó)I）,改錯(cuò)]Ibecameinterestinginplayingfootballthankstoasmallaccident.

6.[2019（全國(guó)I）,改錯(cuò)]Istoppedtheballandkickedithardlybacktotheplayground.

7.[2019（全國(guó)II）,改錯(cuò)]First,Iwantedtobeafireman,whoseuniformlookedsocoolly.

8.[2019（全國(guó)III）,改錯(cuò)]WhatIwantisnotjustanordinarilycafebutaveryspecialone.

9.[2017丙卷（全國(guó)HI）改錯(cuò)]Ienjoyedstudyingdifferencekindsofcarsandplanes,playingpop

music,andcollectingthelatemusicalbums.

10.[2016乙卷（全國(guó)I）改錯(cuò)]Instead,hehopesthathisbusinesswillgrowsteady.

11.[2015新課標(biāo)全國(guó)I改錯(cuò)]Lotsofstudieshaveshownthatglobalwarminghasalready

becomeaveryseriouslyproblem.

12.[2014新課標(biāo)全國(guó)I改錯(cuò)]Thefruitsaresmallinsize,butjuicyandtaste.Therearesomuch

thatweoftensharethemwithourneighbors.

13.[2014新課標(biāo)全國(guó)I改錯(cuò)]Nearlyfiveyearsbefore,andwiththehelpofourfather,mysister

andIplantedsomecherrytomatoes（圣女果）inourbackgarden.

參考答案

精題精練

(-)

1.attractive2.valuable3.truly4.entirely5.efficient6.convenient

7.definitely8.Amazingly9.healthylO.energetic

1.greater2.harder3.simpler4.better5.moreenergetic6.morestressful

7.younger8.worse9.greatest10.kindest

1i.

2.blankly—>blank7.hardly—>hard12.deep—>deeply

3.interested—>interesting8.deep—>deeply13.real—>really

4.comfort—>comfbrtable9.slepWasleep14.possible—>possibly

5.warmly—>warm10.good—>better15.去掉very

6.greatest前加the11.去掉back16.pleasant—>pleased

真題實(shí)戰(zhàn)

1.better;daily考查形容詞的詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)句中“than”可知，應(yīng)該填寫(xiě)形容詞的比較級(jí)

的形式，故填better?？疾樾稳菰~。此處表示“觀察當(dāng)?shù)厝说娜粘Ｉ睢?，修飾routines,故

用形容詞故填daily..

2.undoubtedly;hotter;astonished考查副詞。句意：它無(wú)疑會(huì)幫助你恢復(fù)精神！修飾動(dòng)詞

help,應(yīng)用副詞undoubtedly”毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)地故填undoubtedlyo考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意：

關(guān)于黃山溫泉讓人驚訝的是，氣溫越低，溫泉越暖和。此處是固定結(jié)構(gòu)“the+比較級(jí)，the+

比較級(jí)”，意為“越....越……故填hotter?？疾樾稳菰~。句意：但大自然就是這樣一

總是讓我們驚訝。此處是“l(fā)eave+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)us的感受，應(yīng)用-ed結(jié)

尾形容詞。故填astonished.

3.smaller考查形容詞。句意：這棟房子建成時(shí)比現(xiàn)在小得多。結(jié)合設(shè)空前的much和設(shè)空

后的than可知，此處考查形容詞比較級(jí)固定結(jié)構(gòu)much+比較級(jí)+than,提示詞small的比較

級(jí)形式為smallero故填smaller。

4.extremely考查副詞。句意：登錄月球的背面是極其有挑戰(zhàn)性的。空處修飾形容詞

challenging,應(yīng)使用extreme的副詞形式，故填extremelyo

5.much考查形容詞。句意：關(guān)于月亮構(gòu)成的數(shù)據(jù)，比如它含有多少水和其他財(cái)富，可以幫

助中國(guó)決定它未來(lái)月球基地的計(jì)劃是否實(shí)用。ice是不可數(shù)名詞，應(yīng)使用much修飾，故填

mucho

6.Certainly考查副詞。句意：當(dāng)然在假期期間，這種植物是絕對(duì)必要的事物。介詞短語(yǔ)做

時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，因此只有改變成副詞才能復(fù)合句子結(jié)構(gòu)，用副詞形式做狀語(yǔ)。故填Certainly。

7.Beautiful考查形容詞。句意：美麗的長(zhǎng)枝上覆蓋著粉紅色的花蕾，做成漂亮的裝飾。修

飾名詞branches,用形容詞形式。故填beautiful。

8.gently考查副詞。句意：當(dāng)小船緩緩地沿著江面移動(dòng)時(shí)，山在水中的倒影使他說(shuō)不出話

來(lái)。此處修飾動(dòng)詞moved應(yīng)用副詞gently作狀語(yǔ)，表示“緩緩地”。故填gently。

9.wealthy考查形容詞。句意:在18和19世紀(jì)，富人旅行并收集植物、歷史物品和藝術(shù)品。

此處修飾名詞people,應(yīng)使用形容詞，做定語(yǔ)。故填wealthy。

10.higher

11.wonderful

12.hugely

13.答案reluctant

14.successful考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境并結(jié)合空前的themost可知，空處表達(dá)最高級(jí)意義。

故填successfulo

15..fairly考查副詞。應(yīng)用副詞修飾形容詞unpleasant,故在其前填fairly。

16..conventional句意:僅僅在史蒂夫?喬布斯去世五年后，智能手機(jī)在銷量方面就擊敗了

傳統(tǒng)的個(gè)人電腦。conventional”傳統(tǒng)的"符合語(yǔ)境。

17..alternative句意:恐龍的消失未必就是由天文事件引起的,但是很難找到其他的解釋。

alternative”可供替代的，另外的"。

18..earlier考查副詞的比較級(jí)。此處表示“年前“，故填earlier”......之前冼前”。

19..officially考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。修飾動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用副詞，所以填officially。

20..especially句意:急剎車會(huì)是非常嚇人的經(jīng)歷，特別是如果你正在高速前行。especially"

特別，尤其"符合語(yǔ)境。

21..greater考查形容詞的比較級(jí)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及