2018高考英語短文改錯專題復(fù)習(xí)

2018高考英語短文改錯專題復(fù)習(xí)第一頁，共34頁。Welcometomyclass!第二頁，共34頁。

假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2．只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分?！?017·全國新課標(biāo)I】第三頁，共34頁。Inthesummerholidayfollowingmyeighteenbirthday,Itookdrivinglessons.Istillrememberhowhardfirstdaywas.Beforegettingintothecar,IthoughtIhadlearnedtheinstructor'sorders,soonceIstartedthecar,mymindgoesblank.Iforgotwhathehadsaidtomealtogether.Theinstructorkeptrepeatingtheword,“Speedup！”

“Slowdown！”

“Turningleft！”IwassomuchnervousthatIcouldhardlytellwhichdirectionwasleft.Afewminuteslate,theinstructoraskedmetostopthecar.ItwasareliefandIcametoasuddenlystopjustinthemiddleontheroad.第四頁，共34頁。Inthesummerholidayfollowingmyeighteenbirthday,Itookdrivinglessons.Istillrememberhowhardfirstdaywas.Beforegettingintothecar,IthoughtIhadlearnedtheinstructor'sorders,soonceIstartedthecar,mymindgoesblank.Iforgotwhathehadsaidtomealtogether.eighteenththe/mybut/yetwent第五頁，共34頁。

Theinstructorkeptrepeatingtheword,“Speedup！”

“Slowdown！”

“Turningleft！

IwassomuchnervousthatIcouldhardlytellwhichdirectionwasleft.Afewminuteslate,theinstructoraskedmetostopthecar.ItwasareliefandIcametoasuddenlystopjustinthemiddleontheroad.wordsTurnlatersuddenof第六頁，共34頁。英語高考專題復(fù)習(xí)ErrorCorrection第七頁，共34頁。Characteristicsoferrorcorrection考情分析

1.選材特點(diǎn)短文一般100詞左右。多為第一人稱記敘文，偶爾有議論文或者說明文。短文改錯取材于考生自己的作文或類似考生的隨筆，且話題常見。篇章結(jié)構(gòu)的難易程度符合中學(xué)生的認(rèn)知水平，無生僻的詞語和怪、偏、難的句子結(jié)構(gòu)。2.錯誤類型

錯誤類型有多詞、少詞和錯詞三種。在文章的10個錯誤中，其比例一般為1：1:8。

第八頁，共34頁。Stepsofcorrectingerrors（解題步驟）第一步：通讀全文，了解大意。

短文改錯必須從全篇考慮，要理解文章的謀篇布局，弄清楚整篇文章的意思。在閱讀過程中，要注意行文邏輯、文章的時態(tài)以及人稱等。第二步：逐句分析，行中找錯。短文改錯的命題形式一般是給出一篇文章，文中共有10處錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。這就要求考生在解題時以句子為基礎(chǔ)，在全面理解上下文的同時，又要在每一句中仔細(xì)斟酌，判斷正誤。第三步：再讀短文，檢查漏洞。做完以后，再把文章閱讀一遍，檢查是否有遺漏情況，尤其注意上下句之間的邏輯關(guān)系。多讀一遍，就有可能把某些不清楚的地方理順。第九頁，共34頁。Formulas（改錯歌訣）動詞形，名詞數(shù)，

還要注意形和副;

代詞格，需領(lǐng)悟。

非謂動詞要記住，冠詞連詞常光顧;

習(xí)慣用法及介詞，邏輯錯誤全關(guān)注。第十頁，共34頁。主要包括兩類錯誤：動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)錯誤，以及主、謂不一致的錯誤。通常整篇都是過去，突然一個句子用現(xiàn)在時。其中又以一般現(xiàn)在時和過去時互改為多。動詞形第十一頁，共34頁。LastsummerItakeapart-timejobintheInternationalCampforchildren.Everydayhemakessurethatfreshvegetablesandhighqualityoilareusingforcooking.Asweclimbedthemountain，wefedmonkeys，visitingtemplesandtoldstories.Mydreamschoollooklikeabiggarden.tookusedvisitedlooksverbs(動詞)第十二頁，共34頁。

2、名詞數(shù)

錯誤設(shè)置主要包括以下兩個方面1.可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞的混用。2.用于固定詞組中的一些名詞的特殊用法。

?？嫉牟豢蓴?shù)名詞有：information,knowledge,advice,furniture,equipment,progress,baggage/luggage(行李),homework,housework等第十三頁，共34頁。WhenIwasayoungchildren,myfathercreatedaregularpracticeIrememberwellyearslater.Momhasafull-timejob,butshehastodomostofthehouseworks.Don’tlosehearts,andyou’llbesuccessfulintime.Theyhaveallsortsofcourse.I’msureyouwillfindoneyoulike._____________heartchildhouseworkcourses___nouns(名詞)第十四頁，共34頁。

3.還要注意形和副：

主要考查形容詞和副詞的誤用、形容詞及副詞的原級或比較級等。系動詞后(am/is/are/was/were/become/smell/taste等)

或名詞前用形容詞。修飾行為動詞、形容詞、過去分詞及整個句子用副詞。第十五頁，共34頁。I’msurewe’llhaveawonderfullytimetogether.Thebadmeatsmellsterribly.Theywerealsothebestandworseyearsinmylife.Instead，hehopesthathisbusinesswillgrowsteady.worstwonderfulterriblesteadilyadjectivesandadverbials(形容詞和副詞)第十六頁，共34頁。

4.

代詞格，需領(lǐng)悟

代詞的錯誤特點(diǎn)：人稱代詞主格和賓格的誤用；代詞指代的誤用(指代的人或事物前后不一致的錯誤和代詞的單復(fù)數(shù)誤用等)；不定代詞的誤用；反身代詞的誤用；“it”一詞的不當(dāng)使用(包括用于從句中作形式主語或形式賓語)第十七頁，共34頁。Ifwegoonatripabroad，wecanbroadenyourviewandgainknowledgewecannotgetfrombooks.Mr.andMrs.Zhangallworkinourschool.Youmaykeepthebooksforseveralweekssothatyoucanhaveenoughtimetoreadit.4.Itdoesnotcostmany，yetwecanstilllearnalot.ourboththemmuchpronouns(代詞)第十八頁，共34頁。

5.非謂動詞要記住

非謂語動詞：現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞，不定式和動名詞。錯誤特點(diǎn)：1.謂語動詞和非謂語動詞的錯用；2.動詞不定式和動名詞的錯用；3.現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞的錯用；4.在并列結(jié)構(gòu)中非謂語動詞的誤用。改正策略：1.縱觀全句確定句中動詞所作的句子成分。2.系統(tǒng)掌握非謂語動詞的句法功能。第十九頁，共34頁。I’mlookingforwardtohearfromyousoon.Thebossmadethemtoworktwelvehoursaday.Wecanchosebetweenstayingathomeandtakeatrip.Afterlooksatthetoyforsometime,heturnedaroundandfoundhisparentsweremissing.lookinghearingchoosetakingnon-finiteverbs（非謂語動詞）第二十頁，共34頁。

6.冠詞連詞常光顧：

命題特點(diǎn)及改正方法：英語中冠詞只有三個，只能從以下幾個方向出題：1.不定冠詞a和an互改2.不定冠詞a或an和定冠詞the互改；3.根據(jù)需要增刪冠詞。連詞but，and，or和so?？加梅ㄥe。which，who和that引導(dǎo)定語從句；what,that,who,why等引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。第二十一頁，共34頁。Butinthatcase，wewilllearnlittleaboutworld.Atthefirst，IthoughtIkneweverythingandcouldmakedecisionsbyyourself.Iteachthem,playwiththem，butwatchthemgrowingup.Cleverassheis，butsheworksveryhard.andthearticlesandconjunctions(冠詞和連詞)第二十二頁，共34頁。

7.習(xí)慣用法及介詞：

主要考查習(xí)慣搭配方面的基礎(chǔ)知識，其錯誤表現(xiàn)形式主要有三種：多詞、少詞和搭配錯誤。

介詞涉及搭配錯誤，因此可從以下方面確定錯誤：一些固定短語中介詞的誤用介詞與連詞或副詞的混用及物動詞之后介詞的多用或不物動詞之后介詞的漏用第二十三頁，共34頁。NowIamleavinghometocollege.Myunclesaysthatheneverdreamsbecomingrichinashortperiodoftime.Theyhavealsoboughtforsomegardeningtools.IwassotiredthatIfellasleepatthemomentmyheadtouchedthepillow(枕頭).offoridiomaticusagesandprepositions(習(xí)慣用法和介詞)第二十四頁，共34頁。

8.邏輯錯誤須關(guān)注：

與句子的上、下文不一致，甚至相矛盾，屬于邏輯性錯誤，如稱謂上的張冠李戴。第二十五頁，共34頁。Unluckily,hewastheonlyonewhofinallygotthewell-paidjob.2.Theretheairisfreshorthemountainsaregreen.3.Ifwestayathome,itiscomfortablebutthereisnoneedtospendmoney.4.Theairkeepingtheballoon（氣球）upwasescapingquicklyandtheballoonwascomingup.Luckilyandanddowncontextlogic（上下文邏輯）第二十六頁，共34頁。Consolidation(鞏固)

動詞形，名詞數(shù)，還要注意形和副;代詞格，需領(lǐng)悟。

非謂動詞要記住，冠詞連詞常光顧;

習(xí)慣用法及介詞，邏輯錯誤全關(guān)注。第二十七頁，共34頁。Practice1.HerearetheinformationaboutManchesterUniversity.2.Greatchangeshavebeentakenplaceinourhometownsince1978.3.IliveinBeijing,whereisthecapitalofChina.4.Infact,theyareplanningtovisitChinainnextyear.5.Comparingwithothercountries,thecountrypayslittleattentiontothepollution.

iswhichCompared第二十八頁，共34頁。Practice6.Iamdeepmovedbywhatshehasdoneforme.7.Withhelpofmyteacher,ImadegreatprogressinEnglish.8.Hedrovetoofast,andthepolicestoppedherandhandedhimaticket.9.Whenhewasyoung,hereadalot,andlatehebecameafamouswriterofhisday.10.Buthisparentsthinkgotocollegeismoreimportantthanplayingsports.

deeplythehimlatergoing第二十九頁，共34頁。Homework

Finishthefollowingexercisesabouterrorcorrection.第三十頁，共34頁。Mr.

and

Mrs.Zhang

all

work

in

our

school.They

live

far

from

the

school,and

it

takes

them

about

a

hour

and

a

half

to

go

to

work

every

day.In

their

spare

time,they

are

interesting

in

planting

vegetables

in

their

garden,that

is

on

the

rooftop

of

their

house.

They

often

get

up

earlier

and

water

the

vegetables

together.They

have

also

bought

for

some

gardening

tools.Beside,they

often

get

some

useful

informations

from

the

internet.When

summer

came,they

will

invite

their

students

pick

the

vegetables.【2017·全國新課標(biāo)Ⅱ】第三十一頁，共34頁。When

I

look

at

this

picture

of

myself,

I

realize

of

how

fast

time

flies.

I

had

grown

not

only

physically

and

also

mentally

in

the

past

few

years.

About

one

month

after

this

photo

was

took,

I

entered

my

second

yearof

high

school

and

become

a

new

member

of

the

school

music

club.

Around

me

in

picture

are

the

things

they

were

very

important

in

my