高考復(fù)習(xí)英語(yǔ)構(gòu)詞法課件

英語(yǔ)構(gòu)詞法3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供英語(yǔ)構(gòu)詞法主要有三種：

轉(zhuǎn)化、合成與派生。

英語(yǔ)構(gòu)詞法種類(lèi)另外還有截短、縮合等。3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供1.轉(zhuǎn)化

:是指有一種詞類(lèi)轉(zhuǎn)化為另一種詞類(lèi)。

watern.水------watervt.澆水常見(jiàn)的轉(zhuǎn)化形式兩種：動(dòng)詞---名詞名詞---動(dòng)詞3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供

名詞----動(dòng)詞

handn.手---vt.上交seatn.座位---vt.坐nursen.護(hù)士---vt.護(hù)理oiln.油---vt.上油timen.時(shí)間---vt.定時(shí)，測(cè)時(shí)shouldern.肩膀---vt.肩負(fù)3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供minen.礦山---vt.開(kāi)礦barbecuen.燒烤---vt.在烤架上烤shipn.船---vt.用船裝運(yùn)financen.金融---vt.

為……提供資金stainn.污點(diǎn),污跡---vt.玷污，污染draftn.草稿---vt.起草headn.頭---v.前進(jìn)transportn.運(yùn)輸---vt.運(yùn)輸3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供副詞---動(dòng)詞downadv.向下---v.放下副詞---名詞nowhereadv.任何地方都不---n.無(wú)處，無(wú)名的地方3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供2.合成

:有兩個(gè)或更多的詞合成一個(gè)詞。class班級(jí)+room房間=classroom教室warm+heart+ed=warmhearted熱心腸的good+looking=good-looking相貌好看的3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供hard+working=hard-working勤勞的peace-lovingstate-ownedwell-knownready-madesightseeingbloodthirsty

3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供3.派生

:是通過(guò)在詞根上加前綴或者后綴構(gòu)成一個(gè)新詞。happy---unhappydevelop---development3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供后綴一般只引起詞性上的變化而不造成意思的變化。carev.照料---carefuladj.細(xì)心的workv.工作---workern.工人3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供常見(jiàn)的前綴3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供(A)表示否定的前綴：

un-unfair,unhappy

non-nonsmoker(常用在n.adj.adv.前)

in-inactive,inhuman,indirect(常用在adj.后)

dis-disagree,disappear

im-impolite,impossible(用在b,p,m開(kāi)頭的詞前)

il-illegal

ir-irreal,irregular3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供(D).表示程度、大小的前綴super-superstar,supermarket,superman,superpowerover-overhead,overeat,overusemini-minibus,miniskirt,mini-carunder-underground,under-developsemi-(半，部分)semicircle,semiskilled,semi-steel3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供(E).表示時(shí)間的前綴

pre-prewar

post-postwar

fore-(前，預(yù)先)foretell,forecast,foresee,weatherforecast3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供(F).表示方位的前綴：

sub-subway,submarine

inter-international,intercity,interclass

trans-(橫過(guò)，通過(guò)，超越，進(jìn)入)translate,transatlantic3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供1.動(dòng)詞變名詞：-ationsatisfaction,education,realization-mentdevelopment,movement,disappointment3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供-alarrival,refusal-eetrainee,employee-erteacher,worker-or

visitor,sailor3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供2.形容詞變名詞-nesshappiness,meanness,carelessness-ityability,possibility-ismMarxism,criticism3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供3.名詞、形容詞變動(dòng)詞：-ifybeautify,simplify-izerealize-enquicken,widen,sharpen3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供但也有一些帶后綴的派生詞僅僅改變?cè)~義：Kingdom:“職位、狀態(tài)”freedomBoyhood:“身份，資格”childhoodFriendship:情態(tài)\狀態(tài)\性質(zhì)\身份\職業(yè)\技巧\技能”leadership,hardshipSpoonful：構(gòu)成名詞mouthful(滿口,一口),handful(一把)3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供1.Theheadmasterhurriedtotheconcerthallonly_________thespeaker_________.

A.tofind；left

B.tofind；gone

C.finding；left

D.finding；gone3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供1.Thepeasantdied,leaving

hiswifeandhisthreechildrenintheworld2.Hewokeupthenextmorning,only

tofind

himselfinthehospital.3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供find+賓語(yǔ)+賓補(bǔ)findthedooropen(adj.)findhimsittingbythe

window(-ing)findthewallpainted(P.P)findhimselfinthe

hospital(prep.phrase)

3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供2.—Ifailedagain.IwishI__harder.

—Butyou__.

A.hadworked；hadn’t

B.worked；don’t

C.hadworked；didn’t

D.worked；didn’t3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供wishIwishyousuccess.Iwishyoutohelpme.Givemybestwishesto…IwishI

were

abird.IwishI

couldhelp

you.IwishI

hadattended

theballyesterday.3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供3.—Whynotgooutforawalkbeforebreakfast?

—Oh，yes.___ismyfavoritetimeofday.

A.Intheearlymorning

B.Earlymorning

C.Theearlyofmorning

D.Theearlymorningthat3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供ItwasearlymorningwhenIgothome.Itwas

intheearlymorningthatIgothome.Wasitintheearlymorningthatyougothome?Whenwasitthatyougothome?3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供4.Itwasnotuntilliberationthat___tohishometown.

A.didhereturn

B.washereturned

C.hedidreturn

D.hereturned3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)的是not...until句型時(shí),應(yīng)將not置于until之前,主句由否定句改為肯定句。當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)的是not...until句型時(shí),應(yīng)將not置于until之前,主句由否定句改為肯定句ItisIwho/thatamgoingtobesenttheretohelpthem

當(dāng)被強(qiáng)調(diào)的是not...until句型時(shí),應(yīng)將not置于until之前,主句由否定句改為肯定句。Itwasnotuntil1920thatregularradiobroadcastbegan.3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供Itwasherthattoldmeaboutit.Itwasshethattoldmeaboutit.ItisIwhotheteacherhaspunishedItismewhomtheteacherhaspunished.3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供強(qiáng)調(diào)句Itis/was+…that…Itishethat/whowantstogoinsteadofyou.Itwas2:00whentheyleft.Itwas

at2:00thattheyleft.Itwasbecausehewaslatethathewasscolded.Itwasinthestreetthathewasknockeddown.3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供5.—I’dlikeapenwhich_____well.

—Willthisone_________?

A.writes；do

B.writes；work

C.iswritten；do

D.iswritten；work3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供6.—Canyoufinishthewritingontime?

—_________.

A.Nevermind

B.Withpleasure

C.Noproblem

D.Allright3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供7.—When_________wemeetagain?

—_________itanytimeyoulike.

A.will；Do

B.will；Make

C.shall；Do

D.shall；Make3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供8.Look!Therearelotsof_________birdsflyingoverthetrees.

A.funnyredlittle

B.funnylittlered

C.littlefunnyred

D.littleredfunny3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供好美小高狀其新，顏色國(guó)料特別親。good/beautiful/small(little)/tall/round(interesting)/newred/nationality/wood/3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供9.Theycouldn’teatinarestaurantbecause_________ofthemhad_________moneyonthem.

A.all；no

B.any；no

C.none；any

D.noone；any3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供10.—Shallwemeetrightnow?

—Sorry.I’mtoobusyto_________forthemoment.

A.getthrough

B.getaway

C.getoff

D.gettogether3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供getaway（1)逃脫

(2)開(kāi)始，出發(fā)；離開(kāi)；出去旅行或休假

(3)使離去；移走；送走Getoff(1)下去，下來(lái)；下（公共汽車(chē)、火車(chē)、飛機(jī)等），下（馬等）

(2)出發(fā)，離去；起飛；起跑

(3)寄出；發(fā)出

(4)脫掉；除去，擺脫

(5)免受傷害、災(zāi)禍或損失

(6)學(xué)會(huì)，記熟Gettogether(1)收集，積聚

(2)聚集在一處，會(huì)集；召集，集攏Getthrough(1)通過(guò)；使通過(guò)

(2)打通（尤指電話）3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供11._________isknowntoall，goodfriends_________happinessandvaluetolife.

A.It；add

B.As；add

C.It；addup

D.As；addto3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供

addup總計(jì)，總共

addto增加add…to加……到Thatwillonlyaddtoourdifficulties.

那只會(huì)增加我們的困難。Addup6,7and8andyou'llget21.

把六、七、八相加，總數(shù)是二十一。3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供12.Mr.Greenleft_________suddenly_________hecame.

A.so；that

B.so；as

C.as；that

D.as；as3/10/2023該課件由【語(yǔ)文公社】友情提供13.Goodfood，not_________，that’showonegetsfat.

A.enoughexercises

B.exer