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遵義市2022年初中畢業(yè)生學(xué)業(yè)(升學(xué))統(tǒng)一考試數(shù)學(xué)試題卷(全卷總分150分,考試時(shí)間120分鐘)注意事項(xiàng):1.答題前,請(qǐng)將姓名、座位號(hào)和準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡和試題卷規(guī)定的位置上.2.所有題目答案均填寫在答題卡上,填寫在試題卷、草稿紙上無效.3.選擇題使用2B鉛筆涂黑,非選擇題使用黑色簽字筆或黑色墨水筆作答.4.考試結(jié)束后,請(qǐng)將試題卷和答題卡一并交回.一、選擇題(本題共12小題,每小題4分,共48分.在每小題給出的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,只有一項(xiàng)符合題目要求,請(qǐng)用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑、涂滿.)1.全國統(tǒng)一規(guī)定的交通事故報(bào)警電話是()A.122 B.110 C.120 D.114【答案】A【詳解】【分析】本題考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是防范侵害,保護(hù)自己。保護(hù)自己,一要有警惕性;二要用智慧,學(xué)會(huì)用一些方法技巧保護(hù)自己.【詳解】解:全國統(tǒng)一規(guī)定的交通事故報(bào)警電話為122,故A正確.故選:A.【解題思路】解答本題關(guān)鍵是審清題意,明確主旨,把握防范侵害,保護(hù)自己,結(jié)合具體的題意分析即可.2.下表是2022年1月—5月遵義市PM2.5(空氣中直徑小于等于2.5微米的顆粒)的平均值,這組數(shù)據(jù)的眾數(shù)是()月份1月2月3月4月5月PM25(單位:mg/m3)2423242522A.22 B.23 C.24 D.25【答案】C【詳解】【分析】根據(jù)眾數(shù)的定義即可求解,眾數(shù):一組數(shù)據(jù)中出現(xiàn)次數(shù)最多的數(shù).【詳解】解:∵24出現(xiàn)了2次,次數(shù)最多,∴這組數(shù)據(jù)的眾數(shù)是24,故選C【解題思路】本題考查了求眾數(shù),掌握眾數(shù)的定義是解題的關(guān)鍵.3.如圖是《九章算術(shù)》中“塹堵”的立體圖形,它的左視圖為()

A. B. C. D.【答案】A【詳解】【分析】根據(jù)左視圖的意義和畫法可以得出答案.【詳解】解:∵該幾何體為放倒的三棱柱,∴根據(jù)左視圖的畫法,從左往右看,看到的是一個(gè)直角在左邊的直角三角形,故選:A.【解題思路】本題考查簡單幾何體的三視圖,熟練掌握簡單幾何體的三視圖是解答本題的關(guān)鍵.從正面、上面和左面三個(gè)不同的方向看一個(gè)物體,并描繪出所看到的三個(gè)圖形,即幾何體的三視圖.4.關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0的一元一次不等式SKIPIF1<0的解集在數(shù)軸上表示為()A. B. C. D.【答案】B【詳解】【分析】解出一元一次不等式的解集,然后選出正確結(jié)果.詳解】解:x-3≥0,解得:x≥3.在數(shù)軸上表示為.故選:B.【解題思路】此題主要考查了解一元一次不等式和在數(shù)軸上表示解集,用數(shù)軸表示不等式的解集時(shí),要注意“兩定”:一是定界點(diǎn),一般在數(shù)軸上只標(biāo)出原點(diǎn)和界點(diǎn)即可.定邊界點(diǎn)時(shí)要注意,點(diǎn)是實(shí)心還是空心,若邊界點(diǎn)含于解集為實(shí)心點(diǎn),不含于解集即為空心點(diǎn);二是定方向,定方向的原則是:“小于向左,大于向右”.5.估計(jì)SKIPIF1<0的值在()A.2和3之間 B.3和4之間 C.4和5之間 D.5和6之間【答案】C【詳解】【分析】找到與SKIPIF1<0接近的兩個(gè)連續(xù)的有理數(shù),進(jìn)而分析得出答案.【詳解】解:∵SKIPIF1<0,即:SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0的值在4和5之間,故選C.【解題思路】本題主要考查的是估算無理數(shù)的大小,正確得出與無理數(shù)接近的兩個(gè)連續(xù)的整數(shù)是解決此類型題目的關(guān)鍵,“無限逼近法”是估算的一般方法,也是常用方法.6.下列運(yùn)算結(jié)果正確的是()A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【詳解】【分析】分別利用同底數(shù)冪的乘法法則,合并同類項(xiàng)的法則,積的乘方法則及完全平方公式分別判斷即可.【詳解】A.SKIPIF1<0,故此選項(xiàng)計(jì)算錯(cuò)誤,不符合題意;B.SKIPIF1<0,故此選項(xiàng)計(jì)算錯(cuò)誤,不符合題意;C.SKIPIF1<0,此選項(xiàng)計(jì)算正確,符合題意;D.SKIPIF1<0,故此選項(xiàng)計(jì)算錯(cuò)誤,不符合題意;故選:C.【解題思路】本題考查同底數(shù)冪的乘法法則,合并同類項(xiàng)的法則,積的乘方法則及完全平方公式,熟練掌握相關(guān)計(jì)算法則是解答本題的關(guān)鍵.同底數(shù)冪相乘,底數(shù)不變,指數(shù)相加;合并同類項(xiàng)時(shí),只把系數(shù)相加,所得結(jié)果作為合并后的系數(shù),字母和字母的指數(shù)不變;積的乘方,等于把積的每一個(gè)因式分別乘方,再把所得的冪相乘;SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0都叫做完全平方公式,為了區(qū)別,我們把前者叫做兩數(shù)和的完全平方公式,后者叫做兩數(shù)差的完全平方公式.7.在平面直角坐標(biāo)系中,點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0與點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0關(guān)于原點(diǎn)成中心對(duì)稱,則SKIPIF1<0的值為()A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.1 D.3【答案】C【詳解】【分析】根據(jù)關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱的兩個(gè)點(diǎn),橫坐標(biāo)、縱坐標(biāo)分別互為相反數(shù),求得SKIPIF1<0的值即可求解.【詳解】解:∵點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0與點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0關(guān)于原點(diǎn)成中心對(duì)稱,∴SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,故選C.【解題思路】本題考查了關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱的兩個(gè)點(diǎn),橫坐標(biāo)、縱坐標(biāo)分別互為相反數(shù),代數(shù)式求值,掌握關(guān)于原點(diǎn)對(duì)稱的兩個(gè)點(diǎn),橫坐標(biāo)、縱坐標(biāo)分別互為相反數(shù)是解題的關(guān)鍵.8.若一次函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的函數(shù)值SKIPIF1<0隨SKIPIF1<0的增大而減小,則SKIPIF1<0值可能是()A.2 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】D【詳解】【分析】根據(jù)一次函數(shù)的性質(zhì)可得SKIPIF1<0,即可求解.【詳解】解:∵一次函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的函數(shù)值SKIPIF1<0隨SKIPIF1<0的增大而減小,∴SKIPIF1<0.解得SKIPIF1<0.故選D.【解題思路】本題考查了一次函數(shù)的性質(zhì),掌握一次函數(shù)的性質(zhì)是解題的關(guān)鍵.9.2021年7月,中共中央辦公廳、國務(wù)院辦公廳印發(fā)《關(guān)于進(jìn)一步減輕義務(wù)教有階段學(xué)生作業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)和校外培訓(xùn)負(fù)擔(dān)的意見》,明確要求初中生每天的書面作業(yè)時(shí)間不得超過90分鐘.某校隨機(jī)抽取部分學(xué)生進(jìn)行問卷調(diào)查,并將調(diào)查結(jié)果制成如下不完整的統(tǒng)計(jì)圖表.則下列說法不正確的是()作業(yè)時(shí)間頻數(shù)分布組別作業(yè)時(shí)間(單位:分鐘)頻數(shù)SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<08SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<017SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<05作業(yè)時(shí)間扇形統(tǒng)計(jì)圖A.調(diào)查的樣本容量是為50B.頻數(shù)分布表中SKIPIF1<0的值為20C.若該校有1000名學(xué)生,作業(yè)完成的時(shí)間超過90分鐘的約100人D.在扇形統(tǒng)計(jì)圖中SKIPIF1<0組所對(duì)的圓心角是144°【答案】D【詳解】【分析】根據(jù)扇形統(tǒng)計(jì)圖中D組的占比和頻數(shù)分布表中D組的頻數(shù)即可求得樣本容量,進(jìn)而判斷A選項(xiàng),進(jìn)而判斷B選項(xiàng),根據(jù)1000乘以D組的占比即可判斷C,根據(jù)B組的頻數(shù)除以總數(shù)再乘以360度即可判斷D選項(xiàng)即可求解.【詳解】解:A.調(diào)查的樣本容量是為SKIPIF1<050,故該選項(xiàng)正確,不符合題意;B.頻數(shù)分布表中SKIPIF1<0的值為SKIPIF1<020,故該選項(xiàng)正確,不符合題意;C.若該校有1000名學(xué)生,作業(yè)完成的時(shí)間超過90分鐘的約SKIPIF1<0100人,故該選項(xiàng)正確,不符合題意;D.在扇形統(tǒng)計(jì)圖中SKIPIF1<0組所對(duì)的圓心角是SKIPIF1<0,故該選項(xiàng)不正確,符合題意;故選D.【解題思路】本題考查了頻數(shù)分布表,扇形統(tǒng)計(jì)圖,求樣本的容量,樣本估計(jì)總體,從統(tǒng)計(jì)圖表中獲取信息是解題的關(guān)鍵.10.如圖1是第七屆國際數(shù)學(xué)教育大會(huì)(ICME)會(huì)徽,在其主體圖案中選擇兩個(gè)相鄰的直角三角形,恰好能組合得到如圖2所示的四邊形SKIPIF1<0.若SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0到SKIPIF1<0的距離為()A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.1 D.2【答案】B【詳解】【分析】根據(jù)題意求得SKIPIF1<0,進(jìn)而求得SKIPIF1<0,進(jìn)而等面積法即可求解.【詳解】解:在SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0到SKIPIF1<0的距離為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,故選B.【解題思路】本題考查了勾股定理,含30度角的直角三角形的性質(zhì),掌握以上知識(shí)是解題的關(guān)鍵.11.如圖,在正方形SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0交于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的直線SKIPIF1<0交SKIPIF1<0于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0(SKIPIF1<0不與SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0重合),交SKIPIF1<0于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0.以點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0為圓心,SKIPIF1<0為半徑的圓交直線SKIPIF1<0于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.若SKIPIF1<0,則圖中陰影部分的面積為()

A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【詳解】【分析】根據(jù)題意可得四邊形SKIPIF1<0的面積等于正方形面積的一半,根據(jù)陰影部分面積等于半圓減去四邊形SKIPIF1<0的面積和弓形的面積即可求解.【詳解】解:SKIPIF1<0在正方形SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0的半徑為:SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,根據(jù)中心對(duì)稱可得四邊形SKIPIF1<0的面積等于正方形面積的一半,又SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0陰影部分面積為:SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0故選:B.【解題思路】本題考查了正方形的性質(zhì),求扇形面積,掌握以上知識(shí)是解題的關(guān)鍵.12.遵義市某天的氣溫SKIPIF1<0(單位:℃)隨時(shí)間SKIPIF1<0(單位:SKIPIF1<0)的變化如圖所示,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0表示0時(shí)到SKIPIF1<0時(shí)氣溫的值的極差(即0時(shí)到SKIPIF1<0時(shí)范圍氣溫的最大值與最小值的差),則SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0的函數(shù)圖象大致是()A. B. C. D.【答案】A【詳解】【分析】根據(jù)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0圖象逐段分析,進(jìn)而即可求解.【詳解】解:∵根據(jù)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0圖象可知,從0時(shí)至5時(shí),SKIPIF1<0先變大,從5到10時(shí),SKIPIF1<0的值不發(fā)生變化大概12時(shí)后變大,從14到24時(shí),SKIPIF1<0不變,∴SKIPIF1<0的變化規(guī)律是,先變大,然后一段時(shí)間不變又變大,最后不發(fā)生變化,反映到函數(shù)圖象上是先升,然后一段平行于SKIPIF1<0的線段,再升,最后不變故選A【解題思路】本題考查了函數(shù)圖象,極差,理解題意是解題的關(guān)鍵.二、填空題(本題共4小題,每小題4分,共16分.答題請(qǐng)用黑色墨水筆或黑色簽字筆直接答在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置上)13.已知SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的值為__________.【答案】8【詳解】【分析】根據(jù)平方差公式直接計(jì)算即可求解.【詳解】解:∵SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0故答案為:8【解題思路】本題考查了因式分解的應(yīng)用,掌握平方差公式是解題的關(guān)鍵.14.反比例函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0與一次函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0交于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的值為__________.【答案】6【詳解】【分析】將點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,代入SKIPIF1<0,求得SKIPIF1<0,進(jìn)而即可求解.【詳解】解:將點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,代入SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,故答案為:6.【解題思路】本題考查了一次函數(shù)與反比例函數(shù)綜合,求得點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的坐標(biāo)是解題的關(guān)鍵.15.數(shù)學(xué)小組研究如下問題:遵義市某地的緯度約為北緯28°,求北緯28緯線的長度.小組成員查閱相關(guān)資料,得到如下信息:信息一:如圖1,在地球儀上,與赤道平行的圓圈叫做緯線;信息二:如圖2,赤道半徑SKIPIF1<0約為6400千米,弦SKIPIF1<0,以SKIPIF1<0為直徑的圓的周長就是北緯28°緯線的長度;(參考數(shù)據(jù):SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0)根據(jù)以上信息,北緯28°緯線的長度約為__________千米.

【答案】33792【詳解】【分析】根據(jù)平行線的性質(zhì)可知SKIPIF1<0,在SKIPIF1<0中,利用銳角三角函數(shù)求出SKIPIF1<0,即為以SKIPIF1<0為直徑的圓的半徑,求出周長即可.【詳解】解:如圖,過點(diǎn)O作SKIPIF1<0,垂足為D,

根據(jù)題意SKIPIF1<0,∵SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∵在SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∵SKIPIF1<0,∴由垂徑定理可知:SKIPIF1<0,∴以SKIPIF1<0為直徑的圓的周長為SKIPIF1<0,故答案為:33792.【解題思路】本題考查解直角三角形,平行線的性質(zhì),解題的關(guān)鍵是熟練三角函數(shù)的含義與解直角三角形的方法.16.如圖,在等腰直角三角形SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0分別為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0上的動(dòng)點(diǎn),且SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0的值最小時(shí),SKIPIF1<0的長為__________.【答案】SKIPIF1<0【詳解】【分析】過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0作SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,證明SKIPIF1<0,可得SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0三點(diǎn)共線時(shí),SKIPIF1<0取得最小值,證明SKIPIF1<0,即可求解.【詳解】如圖,過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0作SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,連接SKIPIF1<0,如圖1所示,SKIPIF1<0,又SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0三點(diǎn)共線時(shí),SKIPIF1<0取得最小值,此時(shí)如圖2所示,SKIPIF1<0在等腰直角三角形SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0取得最小值為SKIPIF1<0,故答案為:SKIPIF1<0.圖1圖2【解題思路】本題考查了等腰直角三角的性質(zhì),勾股定理,兩點(diǎn)之間線段最短,轉(zhuǎn)化線段是解題的關(guān)鍵.三、解答題(本題共7小題,共86分.答題請(qǐng)用黑色墨水筆或黑色簽字筆書寫在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上解答時(shí)應(yīng)寫出必要的文字說明、證明過程或演算步驟.)17.(1)計(jì)算:SKIPIF1<0(2)先化簡SKIPIF1<0,再求值,其中SKIPIF1<0.【答案】(1)SKIPIF1<0;(2)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0【詳解】【分析】(1)根據(jù)負(fù)整數(shù)指數(shù)冪,特殊角的三角函數(shù)值,化簡絕對(duì)值進(jìn)行計(jì)算即可求解;(2)先根據(jù)分式加減計(jì)算括號(hào)內(nèi)的,同時(shí)將除法轉(zhuǎn)化為乘法,再根據(jù)分式的性質(zhì)化簡,最后將字母的值代入求解.【詳解】(1)解:原式=SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0;(2)解:原式=SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),原式SKIPIF1<0.【解題思路】本題考查了實(shí)數(shù)的混合運(yùn)算,分式的化簡求值,分母有理化,正確的計(jì)算是解題的關(guān)鍵.18.如圖所示,甲、乙兩個(gè)帶指針的轉(zhuǎn)盤分別被分成三個(gè)面積相等的扇形(兩個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)盤除表面數(shù)字不同外,其它完全相同),轉(zhuǎn)盤甲上的數(shù)字分別是?6,?1,8,轉(zhuǎn)盤乙上的數(shù)字分別是?4,5,7(規(guī)定:指針恰好停留在分界線上,則重新轉(zhuǎn)一次).(1)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)盤,轉(zhuǎn)盤甲指針指向正數(shù)的概率是__________;轉(zhuǎn)盤乙指針指向正數(shù)的概率是__________.(2)若同時(shí)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)兩個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)盤,轉(zhuǎn)盤甲指針?biāo)傅臄?shù)字記為a,轉(zhuǎn)盤乙指針?biāo)傅臄?shù)字記為b,請(qǐng)用列表法或樹狀圖法求滿足a+b<0的概率.【答案】(1)SKIPIF1<0;SKIPIF1<0(2)滿足a+b<0的概率為SKIPIF1<0.【詳解】【分析】(1)直接根據(jù)概率公式求解即可;(2)列表得出所有等可能解果,從中找到符合條件的結(jié)果數(shù),再根據(jù)概率公式求解即可.【小問1詳解】解:轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)盤,轉(zhuǎn)盤甲指針指向正數(shù)的概率是SKIPIF1<0;轉(zhuǎn)盤乙指針指向正數(shù)的概率是SKIPIF1<0.故答案為:SKIPIF1<0;SKIPIF1<0.【小問2詳解】解:列表如下:乙甲-1-68-4-5-10454-11376115由表知,共有9種等可能結(jié)果,其中滿足a+b<0的有3種結(jié)果,∴滿足a+b<0的概率為SKIPIF1<0.【解題思路】本題考查了列表法與樹狀圖法:利用列表法和樹狀圖法展示所有可能的結(jié)果求出n,再從中選出符合事件A或B的結(jié)果數(shù)目m,求出概率.19.將正方形SKIPIF1<0和菱形SKIPIF1<0按照如圖所示擺放,頂點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0與頂點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0重合,菱形SKIPIF1<0的對(duì)角線SKIPIF1<0經(jīng)過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0分別在SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0上.

(1)求證:SKIPIF1<0;(2)若SKIPIF1<0,求SKIPIF1<0的長.【答案】(1)見詳解(2)SKIPIF1<0【詳解】【分析】(1)根據(jù)正方形和菱形的性質(zhì)可得SKIPIF1<0,根據(jù)SKIPIF1<0即可得證;(2)連接SKIPIF1<0交SKIPIF1<0于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,勾股定理求得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,根據(jù)菱形的性質(zhì)可得SKIPIF1<0,進(jìn)而求得正方形和菱形的對(duì)角線的長度,根據(jù)SKIPIF1<0即可求解.【小問1詳解】證明:SKIPIF1<0正方形SKIPIF1<0和菱形SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,在SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0中SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0(SKIPIF1<0)【小問2詳解】如圖,連接SKIPIF1<0交SKIPIF1<0于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,

SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,在SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,在SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,在SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.【解題思路】本題考查了菱形的性質(zhì),正方形的性質(zhì),勾股定理,SKIPIF1<0,掌握以上知識(shí)是解題的關(guān)鍵.20.如圖1所示是一種太陽能路燈,它由燈桿和燈管支架兩部分構(gòu)成如圖2,SKIPIF1<0是燈桿,SKIPIF1<0是燈管支架,燈管支架SKIPIF1<0與燈桿間夾角SKIPIF1<0.綜合實(shí)踐小組的同學(xué)想知道燈管支架SKIPIF1<0的長度,他們?cè)诘孛娴狞c(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0處測得燈管支架底部SKIPIF1<0的仰角為60°,在點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0處測得燈管支架頂部SKIPIF1<0的仰角為30°,測得SKIPIF1<0m,SKIPIF1<0m(SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0在同一條直線上).根據(jù)以上數(shù)據(jù),解答下列問題:

(1)求燈管支架底部距地面高度SKIPIF1<0的長(結(jié)果保留根號(hào));(2)求燈管支架SKIPIF1<0的長度(結(jié)果精確到0.1m,參考數(shù)據(jù):SKIPIF1<0).【答案】(1)SKIPIF1<0(2)SKIPIF1<0【詳解】【分析】(1)解SKIPIF1<0即可求解;(2)延長SKIPIF1<0交SKIPIF1<0于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,證明SKIPIF1<0是等邊三角形,解SKIPIF1<0,根據(jù)SKIPIF1<0即可求解.【小問1詳解】在SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0【小問2詳解】如圖,延長SKIPIF1<0交SKIPIF1<0于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,

SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0是等邊三角形SKIPIF1<0答:燈管支架SKIPIF1<0的長度約為SKIPIF1<0.【解題思路】本題考查了解直角三角形的應(yīng)用,等邊三角形的性質(zhì)與判定,掌握以上知識(shí)是解題的關(guān)鍵.21.遵義市開展信息技術(shù)與教學(xué)深度融合的精準(zhǔn)化教學(xué)某實(shí)驗(yàn)學(xué)校計(jì)劃購買SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0兩種型號(hào)教學(xué)設(shè)備,已知SKIPIF1<0型設(shè)備價(jià)格比SKIPIF1<0型設(shè)備價(jià)格每臺(tái)高20%,用30000元購買SKIPIF1<0型設(shè)備的數(shù)量比用15000元購買SKIPIF1<0型設(shè)備的數(shù)量多4臺(tái).(1)求SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0型設(shè)備單價(jià)分別是多少元?(2)該校計(jì)劃購買兩種設(shè)備共50臺(tái),要求SKIPIF1<0型設(shè)備數(shù)量不少于SKIPIF1<0型設(shè)備數(shù)量的SKIPIF1<0.設(shè)購買SKIPIF1<0臺(tái)SKIPIF1<0型設(shè)備,購買總費(fèi)用為SKIPIF1<0元,求SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0的函數(shù)關(guān)系式,并求出最少購買費(fèi)用.【答案】(1)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0型設(shè)備單價(jià)分別是SKIPIF1<0元.(2)SKIPIF1<0,最少購買費(fèi)用為SKIPIF1<0元【詳解】【分析】(1)設(shè)SKIPIF1<0型設(shè)備的單價(jià)為SKIPIF1<0元,則SKIPIF1<0型設(shè)備的單價(jià)為SKIPIF1<0元,根據(jù)題意建立分式方程,解方程即可求解;(2)設(shè)SKIPIF1<0型設(shè)備的單價(jià)為SKIPIF1<0元,則SKIPIF1<0型設(shè)備的單價(jià)為SKIPIF1<0元,根據(jù)題意建立一元一次不等式,求得SKIPIF1<0的最小整數(shù)解,根據(jù)單價(jià)乘以數(shù)量即可求的SKIPIF1<0與SKIPIF1<0的函數(shù)關(guān)系式,根據(jù)一次函數(shù)的性質(zhì)即可求得最少購買費(fèi)用.【小問1詳解】解:設(shè)SKIPIF1<0型設(shè)備的單價(jià)為SKIPIF1<0元,則SKIPIF1<0型設(shè)備的單價(jià)為SKIPIF1<0元,根據(jù)題意得,SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,經(jīng)檢驗(yàn)SKIPIF1<0是原方程的解,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0型設(shè)備的單價(jià)為SKIPIF1<0元;答:SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0型設(shè)備單價(jià)分別是SKIPIF1<0元.【小問2詳解】設(shè)購買SKIPIF1<0臺(tái)SKIPIF1<0型設(shè)備,則購買SKIPIF1<0型設(shè)備SKIPIF1<0臺(tái),依題意,SKIPIF1<0,解得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0的最小整數(shù)解為SKIPIF1<0,購買總費(fèi)用為SKIPIF1<0元,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0隨SKIPIF1<0的增大而增大,SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0取得最小值,最小值為SKIPIF1<0.答:最少購買費(fèi)用為SKIPIF1<0元.【解題思路】本題考查了分式方程的應(yīng)用,一元一次不等式的應(yīng)用,一次函數(shù)的應(yīng)用,理解題意列出關(guān)系式是解題的關(guān)鍵.22.新定義:我們把拋物線SKIPIF1<0(其中SKIPIF1<0)與拋物線SKIPIF1<0稱為“關(guān)聯(lián)拋物線”.例如:拋物線SKIPIF1<0的“關(guān)聯(lián)拋物線”為:SKIPIF1<0.已知拋物線SKIPIF1<0的“關(guān)聯(lián)拋物線”為SKIPIF1<0.(1)寫出SKIPIF1<0的詳解式(用含SKIPIF1<0的式子表示)及頂點(diǎn)坐標(biāo);(2)若SKIPIF1<0,過SKIPIF1<0軸上一點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,作SKIPIF1<0軸的垂線分別交拋物線SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0于點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0.①當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),求點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0的坐標(biāo);②當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0的最大值與最小值的差為SKIPIF1<0,求SKIPIF1<0的值.【答案】(1)SKIPIF1<0,頂點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0(2)①SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0;②SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0.【詳解】【分析】(1)根據(jù)定義將一次項(xiàng)系數(shù)與二次項(xiàng)系數(shù)互換即可求得詳解式,化為頂點(diǎn)式即可求得頂點(diǎn)坐標(biāo);(2)①設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,根據(jù)題意建立方程解方程即可求解;②根據(jù)題意,分三種情形討論,根據(jù)點(diǎn)距離對(duì)稱軸的遠(yuǎn)近確定最值,然后建立方程,解方程求解即可.【小問1詳解】解:SKIPIF1<0拋物線SKIPIF1<0的“關(guān)聯(lián)拋物線”為SKIPIF1<0,根據(jù)題意可得,SKIPIF1<0的詳解式SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0頂點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0【小問2詳解】解:①設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0∴SKIPIF1<0當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),解得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),方程無解SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0②SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0的詳解式SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0頂點(diǎn)為SKIPIF1<0,對(duì)稱軸為SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),函數(shù)的最大值為SKIPIF1<0,最小值為SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0的最大值與最小值的差為SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0解得SKIPIF1<0(SKIPIF1<0,舍去)SKIPIF1<0當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),且SKIPIF1<0即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),函數(shù)的最大值為SKIPIF1<0,最小值為SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0的最大值與最小值的差為SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0解得SKIPIF1<0(SKIPIF1<0,舍去)SKIPIF1<0當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),即SKIPIF1<0時(shí),拋物線開向上,對(duì)稱軸右側(cè)SKIPIF1<0隨SKIPIF1<0的增大而增大,函數(shù)的最大值為SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,最小值為SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0的最大值與最小值的差為SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0即SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0即SKIPIF1<0解得SKIPIF1<0(SKIPIF1<0舍去)綜上所述,SKIPIF1<0或SKIPIF1<0.【解題思路】本題考查了二次函數(shù)的性質(zhì),求頂點(diǎn)式,二次函數(shù)的最值問題,分類討論是解題的關(guān)鍵.23.與實(shí)踐“善思”小組開展“探究四點(diǎn)共圓的條件”活動(dòng),得出結(jié)論:對(duì)角互補(bǔ)的四邊形四個(gè)頂點(diǎn)共圓.該小組繼續(xù)利用上述結(jié)論進(jìn)行探究.提出問題:如圖1,在線段SKIPIF1<0同側(cè)有兩點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,連接SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,如果SKIPIF1<0,那么SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0四點(diǎn)在同一個(gè)圓上.

探究展示:如圖2,作經(jīng)過點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0的SKIPIF1<0,在劣弧SKIPIF1<0上取一點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0(不與SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0重合),連接SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0則SKIPIF1<0(依據(jù)1)

SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0四點(diǎn)在同一個(gè)圓上(對(duì)角互補(bǔ)四邊形四個(gè)頂點(diǎn)共圓)SKIPIF1<0點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0在點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0所確定的SKIPIF1<0上(依據(jù)2)SKIPIF1<0點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0四點(diǎn)在同一個(gè)圓上(1)反思?xì)w納:上述探究過程中的“依據(jù)1”、“依據(jù)2”分別是指什么?依據(jù)1:__________;依據(jù)2:__________.(2)圖3,在四邊形SKIPIF1<0中,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的度數(shù)為__________.

(3)展探究:如圖4,已知SKIPIF1<0是等腰三角形,SKIPIF1<0,點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上(不與SKIPIF1<0的中點(diǎn)重合),連接SKIPIF1<0.作點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0的對(duì)稱點(diǎn)SKIPIF1<0,連接SKIPIF1<0并延長交SKIPIF1<0的延長線于SKIPIF1<0,連接SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0

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