2019版高考英語大一輪復(fù)習(xí)Unit5Meetingyourancestors課下作業(yè)新人教版選修8

Unit5Meetingyourancestors寫作句型磨煉核心句型升級(jí)先熟讀背誦——出色句型爛熟于心假定你是李華，你所喜愛的GlobalMirror周報(bào)創(chuàng)刊五周年之際搜集讀者建議。請(qǐng)你依照以下內(nèi)容給主編寫封信，內(nèi)容主要包含：說明你是該報(bào)的忠實(shí)讀者。欣賞該報(bào)長(zhǎng)處：(1)兼?zhèn)鋰?guó)內(nèi)外新聞；(2)介紹名人成功故事。提出建議：登載指導(dǎo)英語學(xué)習(xí)的文章。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右，開頭語已為你寫好；能夠適合增添細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連接。DearEditor-in-Chief，Congratulationsonthe5thanniversaryofGlobalMirror!Sincerelyyours，LiHua【參照范文】__Dear__Editor-in-Chief，Congratulations__on__the__5th__anniversary__of__Global__Mirror!I’maregularreaderofyournewspaper.Ilikeitverymuchmainlyforthefollowingtworeasons.First,itcoversbothnationalandinternationalnewssothat,bysimplyturningthepages,Icanlearnallimportantthingsthathavehappenedduringtheweek.Equallyattractivearethesuccessstoriesofworld-famouspeople,whichhelpmeunderstandhowapersoncanworkhardtomaketheworldabetterplace.Asayoungstudent,IsuggestthatGlobalMirrorcarryarticlestoguideusinourEnglishlearning,and①workhard，andyou’lldobetter.②Isincerelyhopethatitwillbecomeevenmorepopular.Sincerely__yours，1Li__Hua后模仿仿寫——趣話佳句手到擒來?依據(jù)句①仿寫留意腳下，否則你會(huì)掉進(jìn)水里的。Watchyourstep，or__(else)/otherwise__you__might__fall__into__the__water.?依據(jù)句②仿寫我真摯地希望在未來能與你一同工作。I__sincerely__hope__that__in__the__future__I__can__work__together__with__you.2Ⅰ.要點(diǎn)單詞—識(shí)記·聯(lián)想·運(yùn)用[會(huì)書寫]一、核心單詞1.alternativen.可能的選擇adj.供選擇的；其余的2.interruptvt.&vi.打斷發(fā)言；打岔3.somehowadv.以方式；不知怎么地4.applaudvi.&vt.鼓掌歡迎；欣賞5.skilfuladj.有技巧的；嫻熟的二、閱讀單詞1.categoryn.種類；類型；范圍2.acuteadj.有察看力的；敏銳的；嚴(yán)重的3.ripenvt.&vi.使成熟；成熟4.acceleratevi.&vt.__加快；促使5.arrestvt.__拘捕；吸引n.拘捕；拘禁三、拓展單詞1.starvationn.受餓；餓死→starvevi.受餓；餓死2.accuracyn.精準(zhǔn)；正確→accurateadj.正確的；精準(zhǔn)的3.assumevt.假定；假想→assumingconj.假定→assumptionn.假想；假定；擔(dān)當(dāng)4.sharpenvi.&vt.(使)尖利；清楚→sharpenern.磨具；削具→sharpadj.尖利的；顯然的；急劇的5.messyadj.紛亂的；臟的→messn.紛亂；臟6.analysisn.剖析→analyses(pl.)→analysevt.剖析7.significancen.意義；意思；重要性；重要意義→significantadj.重要的8.divisionn.切割；區(qū)分；分派；分界限→dividevt.切割；分派[會(huì)累積]后綴-en構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞集錦①sharpen磨快；使矯捷②ripen變?yōu)槭膦踫horten變短；縮短④widen(使)變寬3deepen使變深⑥strengthen增強(qiáng)⑦frighten(使)驚嚇⑧darken使變暗-cy結(jié)尾名詞速記accuracy正確，正確(度)；精準(zhǔn)②efficiency效率；效能③emergency緊迫狀況④fluency流暢，流暢⑤frequency頻頻，頻次，屢次⑥privacy隱退，隱避，隱居⑦tendency偏向，趨向分詞用作介詞或連詞小結(jié)①assuming假定；假定②considering基于；考慮到③including包含；包含④supposing假定；若是⑤provided/providing假定；假如⑥concerning對(duì)于⑦given基于；考慮到[會(huì)應(yīng)用]用所給詞的適合形式填空1.Foraverylongtime，peoplealwayshavebeentryingtofindoutthesignificance(significant)oflife.2.Theriverformsthedivision(divide)betweentheoldandnewpartsofthecity.3.Itissurprisingthattherearestillmanypeopleintheworldstarvingtodeatheachyear；thatis，manypeopledieofstarvation.(starve)4.Theboyneedsapencilsharpenertosharpenhispencil，becausethesharpenerhehasisn’tsharp.(sharpen)5.Whileworkingouttheproblem，youshouldpaymoreattentiontotheaccuracy.Youmustmeasurethelengthaccuratelyinordertogettheaccuratenumber.(accurate)6.Itwasfirstassumedthathewasthemurderer，butlateritturnedouttobeafalseassumption.(assume)Ⅱ.核心短語—識(shí)記·聯(lián)想·運(yùn)用[會(huì)書寫]41.regardless__of不論；不管2.at__most至多；最多3.cut__up切碎；悲傷4.fed__up__with受夠了；飽受；討厭5.look__ahead向前看；為未來打算6.datefrom/backto追憶到7.keepout關(guān)在門外；禁止入內(nèi)8.beawareof__知道9.scareaway把嚇跑10.applaudone’schoice為某人的決斷喝采[會(huì)累積]1.atmost有關(guān)短語薈萃①atleast起碼②notintheleast一點(diǎn)也不③leastofall最不；特別不④lastbutnotleast最后但同樣重要的是無被動(dòng)語態(tài)的動(dòng)詞短語聚焦①datefrom/backto追憶到②belongto屬于③consistof由構(gòu)成④cometrue變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)實(shí)⑤takeplace發(fā)生⑥breakout迸發(fā)[會(huì)應(yīng)用]采用上表左欄短語填空1.Myinterestinstampcollectingdates__back__tomyschooldays.’stoodirtyandnoisy.3.Bepatient!Thewholeprocesswilltakehalfanhour__at__most.4.Youmust__be__aware__ofthefactthatitisofgreatimportancetolearn.5.Hecontinuedspeaking，regardless__of__myfeelingsaboutthematter.6.Wheneverweareintrouble，wemust__look__aheadandencourageourselves.7.Therewasonlyonepieceofcandy，soshecutitupintolittlepiecesandgavethemtothechildren.8.Manystudentsarefed__up__withschoollifebecauseofsomuchstress.Ⅲ.經(jīng)典句式—剖析·背誦·仿寫5句型公式1：“keep＋復(fù)合賓語”構(gòu)造。[教材原句]Wehavebeenexcavatinglayersofashalmostsixmetresthick，whichsuggeststhattheymighthavekeptthefireburningallwinter.我們向來在發(fā)掘一層層的灰燼，幾乎有六米厚，這意味著他們可能整個(gè)冬季都在燒火。[句型仿寫]Idon’tknowwhatheisdoingindoorsbecauseheisalways__keeping__his__door__closed.我不知道他在家干什么，由于他老是關(guān)著門。句型公式2：ifonly...“若是就好了”[教材原句]Ifonlyshehadlookedaheadandplannedbetterthisyear!若是她早有預(yù)示，計(jì)劃得更好些就好了。[句型仿寫]If__only__I__had__had__moreconfidenceintheEnglishspeechcontestheldlastweek.在上周舉行的英語演講競(jìng)賽，我若是有更多的信心就好了！句型公式3：onlytodosth“不料；結(jié)果”，動(dòng)詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語，表表示料不到的狀況。[教材原句]Abruptlyshesatdown，onlytobescoopedupbyherlaughing，shoutingsister，Luna.她忽然坐了下來，結(jié)果被愛喧華的妹妹露娜一把抱了起來。[句型仿寫]YesterdayIwenttoseehim，only__to__learnthathehadgoneabroadtwodaysbefore.昨天我去看他，才知道他兩天前就出國(guó)了。Ⅳ.語段改錯(cuò)—回首·修正·熱誦文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅波及一個(gè)單詞的增添、刪除或改正。AgroupofstudentsfromEnglandhascometotheZhoukoudiancavesforvisit.Anarchaeologistwasshowingthemaround.Thearchaeologistshavebeenexcavatinghereformanyyears.Afterfoundhumanandanimalbonesinthosecaveshigherupthehillaswellastoolsandornaments，theythinkthisreasonabletoassumesomeoftheearliestpeoplelivedinthesecaves，regardlessofthecold.Theydiscoveredfireplacesonthecenterofthecaveswheretheyconstructedfires.Someevidencesuggeststhatourancestorsdidworeclothesmadefromanimalskins.Thearchaeologistalsoshowsthestudentsaprimitivenecklacepreservingquitewell.Indeed，whichthebotanicalanalyseshavebeenspeciallyshowingus，allthefieldsaroundherewereusedtobepartofalargeshallowlake.Perhapstherewas6tradebetweenearlypeoplesortheytraveledtotheseasideonhisjourneys.答案AgroupofstudentsfromEnglandhascometotheZhoukoudiancavesforavisit.Anarchaeologistwasthemaround.Thearchaeologistshavebeenshowingisexcavatinghereformanyyears.Afterfoundhumanandanimalbonesinthosecavesfindinghigherupthehillaswellastoolsandornaments，theythinkthisreasonabletoitassumesomeoftheearliestpeoplelivedinthesecaves，regardlessofthecold.Theyondiscoveredfireplacesinthecenterofthecaveswheretheyconstructedfires.woreSomeevidencesuggeststhatourancestorsdidwearclothesmadefromanimalskins.Thearchaeologistalsoshowsthestudentsaprimitivenecklacepreservingpreservedquitewell.Indeedwhichthebotanicalanalyseshavebeenspeciallyshowingus，，asallthefieldsaroundherewereusedtobepartofalargeshallowlake.Perhapstherewastradebetweenearlypeoplesortheytraveledtotheseasideonhisjourneys.their[核心詞匯]alternativeadj.供選擇的；其余的n.可能的選擇；選擇對(duì)象(1)havenoalternativebuttodosth別無選擇只能做某事there’snoalternative...別無選擇analternativeto..的代替品(2)alternativelyadv.可供選擇地Inordertosucceed，wehavenoalternativebutto__face(face)failurebravelyandlearnfromit.為了成功，我們不得不英勇地直面失敗并從中汲取教訓(xùn)。②Themanagersaidthattheyhadan__alternative__planiftheplantheyhadsubmittedwasnotaccepted.經(jīng)理說假如他們遞交的計(jì)劃不被接受，他們還有此外一個(gè)計(jì)劃。[名師指津]“別無選擇只能做某事”的其余表達(dá)：7havenochoicebuttodosthcan’tbutdosthcandonothingbutdosthinterruptvt.&vi.打斷發(fā)言；打岔；臨時(shí)中斷或中斷(1)interruptsb/sth(withsth)(因某事)打斷某人/某事(2)interruptionn.打攪；插嘴；打岔；阻斷物withoutinterruption連續(xù)地；不停地①I’msorry__to__interrupt__youbuthowcouldtheylivehere?(教材原句)對(duì)不起，打斷了你的發(fā)言，但他們?cè)趺磿?huì)住在這兒呢？Theywere__interrupted(interrupt)byasuddenandurgentknockatthedoor.他們被突但是急促的叩門聲打斷了。③Aftertheinterruption(interrupt)，wepickedupwherewehadleftoff.被打斷此后，我們又從原來停留的地方持續(xù)下去。3.assumevt.假定；假想(1)assumesb/sthtobe假定/假定某人/某事為Itisassumedthat...據(jù)以為(2)assumptionn.假定；假定makeanassumption以為；假定(3)assuming(that)...假定/假定①Sowethinkitisreasonableto__assume(assume)theylivedinthesecaves，regardlessofthecold.(教材原句)因此我們有原因以為他們不管寒冷，就住在這些洞窟里。It__is__assumed__thatmentalhealthisrelatedtophysicalhealth.一般以為，心理健康和身體健康是有聯(lián)系的。③Assuming(assume)thatwecan’tgetthenecessaryequipment，wewillhavetogiveuptheexperiment.若是我們得不到必需的設(shè)施，我們將不得不放棄這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)。significancen.意義；意思；重要性；重要意義(1)beof(great/no/little)significanceto...對(duì)(很/不)重要attach(great)significanceto以為(很)重要(2)significantadj.重要的；顯然的①Inmyview，practicinghandwritingisverysignificant(＝of__great__significance)tothestudents’growth.我以為，練習(xí)書法對(duì)學(xué)生的成長(zhǎng)有重要意義。8Withtimegoingby，IattachmoresignificancetowhatIamdoingnow.跟著時(shí)間的推移，我更為重視我此刻所做的了。[名師指津]常有“be＋of＋抽象名詞”的短語：①beofsignificance＝besignificant②beofimportance＝beimportantbeofvalue＝bevaluable④beofhelp＝behelpfulbeofuse＝beuseful5.datebackto(＝datefrom)追憶到(1)datefrom＝datebackto追憶到，始于(2)setadatefor...確立的日期uptodate最新式的，現(xiàn)代的outofdate過時(shí)的；過期的①M(fèi)ostChinesepeoplelikethefairytaleofCowboyandWeavinggirl，whichdates__back__totheHanDynasty.大部分中國(guó)人都喜愛牛郞和織女的神話傳說，這個(gè)傳說能夠追憶到漢朝。Myfamilyhassomepapermoneydating(date)backtotheQingDynasty.我家里珍藏著一些清朝的紙幣。Thenewsyoutoldmewasout__of__datebutyouthoughtitwasup__to__date.你告訴我的新聞是過時(shí)的，但你卻以為是最新的。[名師指津]datefrom和datebackto常指以“此刻為起點(diǎn)”向前推，故在句中作謂語時(shí)，常用一般此刻時(shí)。該短語沒有進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，也沒有被動(dòng)形式，常用其此刻分詞形式作后置定語。[要點(diǎn)句型]If__onlyshehadlookedaheadandplannedbetterthisyear!她今年若是早有預(yù)示，計(jì)劃得更好些就好了！ifonly“若是就好了，希望”，常用來表示激烈的夢(mèng)想和遺憾，它指引的句子要用虛構(gòu)語氣。(1)表示與此刻事實(shí)相反的夢(mèng)想時(shí)用ifonlysbdid/were...(2)表示與過去事實(shí)相反的夢(mèng)想時(shí)用ifonlysbhaddone...(3)表示與未來事實(shí)相反的夢(mèng)想用ifonlysbwould/could/mightdo...Ifonlyshe__would__listen(listen)tomecarefully.希望她能認(rèn)真聽我發(fā)言。②IfonlyIwere(be)slimmer，morebeautiful，richer，moreclever，thenIwouldbehappier.9若是我更苗條一些、更美麗一些、更富裕一些、更聰慧一些就好了，那我就會(huì)更為快樂了。It’stoobadthatIfailedinthemathexam.IfonlyIhad__worked(work)hardatit!我數(shù)學(xué)考試不及格真是太糟糕了，若是我以前努力學(xué)習(xí)就好了。(2)onlyif表示“只有，只需”，指引條件狀語從句，不用虛構(gòu)語氣；若其指引的從句置于句首，且與主句之間沒用逗號(hào)分開，則主句要用倒裝。Onlyifyoufindaproperwaytosolvetheproblemcan__you__improveyourworkefficiency.只有你找到適合的方法解決這個(gè)問題，你才能提升工作效率。[當(dāng)堂達(dá)標(biāo)]Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1.Hewasarrested(拘捕)forspreadingrumorsontheInternet.2.Itisurgentthatweshouldcarryoutthealternative(供選擇的)plan.3.Wemusttryeverymeanstoripen(使成熟)thelatecropsmorerapidly.4.Iwasmistakenlyassumed(假想)tobeanEnglishmanbecauseofmyfluentEnglish.5.Thebellindicatedtheendoftheperiodrang，interrupting(打斷)ourheateddiscussion.6.There’sample(足夠的)evidencethatthelawyerknewexactlywhatshewasdoing.7.Withthreegoalsinthefirstperiodtheyhadapromisingvictory，butsomehow(不知怎么地)theylost.8.Thedriversteppedonthegasandaccelerated(加快)thecar.Ⅱ.單句語法填空1.Itwasshockingthatthemayorwas__arrested(arrest)afterhetookofficeforlessthanhalfayear.2.Ifonlyyouhad__been(be)morecareful!Thetrafficaccidentcouldhavebeenavoided.3.Thereweresomanycarsheldupbytheheavyrainontheroadthatwehadnoalternativebut__to__wait(wait).4.__Assuming(assume)thatyouarechosentobeavolunteerattheOlympicGames，whatwillyoudo?5.Heinsistedondoingitthatway，regardlessofoursuggestions.6.Shehaskeptupphysicaltrainingforseveralyearswithoutinterruption10(interrupt).7.Annesharpened(sharp)herpencilandbegantodoherhomework.8.Somebirdsandanimalsdieof__starvation(starve)incoldwinterbecauseoflackoffood.9.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood，whichwasmorethanwecouldexpect.10.Afterthebigearthquake，thewaterandelectricitysupplywascutoff.Ⅲ.單句改錯(cuò)1.Everydayanumberoftouriststakepicturesinfrontofthebuilding，whichdatedbacktoasearlyas800yearsago.dated→dates2.—Ididn’tseeyouattheconcertlastweek.Whatapity!—IfonlyIaffordedthetime.afforded前加had3.I’mfedupthisweather；it’stimewehadsomesunshine.up后加with4.Whichisannouncedintoday’spaper，theyhavesucceededinsolvingmanyproblemswiththenewtheory.Which→As5.I’mverysorrytointerruptwithyou，butIhavesomethingveryimportanttotellyou.去掉with→attachedⅣ.補(bǔ)全句子1.MrGreenmust__have__been__punished__for__his__being__rudeatthemeeting，didn’the?格林先生必定由于昨天在會(huì)上莽撞的行為被處分了，是嗎？2.Theyhad__already__put__the__fire__out__whenIreturnedtothevillage.當(dāng)我返回村莊時(shí)，人們已將大火息滅。3.Ihurriedtothepostoffice，only__to__find__it__closed.我急忙地趕去郵局，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)它已經(jīng)關(guān)門了。4.Lookatthetime!Weshould__have__been__at__the__theatretenminutesago.瞧，都什么時(shí)候了！十分鐘前我們就該到劇場(chǎng)了。5.Theexpressiononhisfacesuggested__that__he__was__very__angry.他臉上的表情表示他很生氣。[課下作業(yè)]11A(2018·合肥高三第二次教課質(zhì)量檢測(cè))SusanBrownellAnthonywasaladyaheadofhertime.Shefoughtforwomen’srightslongbeforetheybecameapopularissue.SusanwasbornonFebruary15，1820，inAdams，Massachusetts.Atthattime，belongedtoherhusband.Majordecisionsregardingchildrenweremadebythefathers.Womencouldnotvote.Attheageof15，shebeganorganizingwomen’sgroupstopromotecausesthatwereimportanttowomen.Shehelpedgainbettereducationalrightsforwomen.Shehelpedgivemarriedwomenpossessionoftheirearnings.AftertheCivilWar，Susanbecameveryinvolvedinthewomen’ssuffragemovement.Afteryearsoflecturing，writingandappealingbySusanandotherwomen，somepartsoftheUnitedStateschangedtheirlawstogivewomentherighttovote.ThefirststatewasWyomingin1869.OtherareasandstatesgraduallyfollowedWyoming’womenvotingrights.SusanBrownellAnthonydiedin1906attheageof86.ShewaselectedtotheHallofFameforGreatAmericansin1950.ShewasthefirstAmericanwomantohavealikeness(肖像)ofherfaceonacoin.Itwasthe1979SusanBrownellAnthonydollar.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文主要介紹了美國(guó)歷史上有名的女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)領(lǐng)袖蘇珊·布勞內(nèi)爾·安東尼。她努力為婦女爭(zhēng)取了財(cái)富權(quán)、投票權(quán)等權(quán)益。1.WhatwasthesituationofAmericanwomenlikewhenSusanwasborn?A.Theyhadlowsocialstatus.B.Theycouldvoteaftergettingmarried.C.Theymanagedmoneyfortheirhusbands.D.Theywereresponsiblefordecision-making.12答案A[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第二段可知，在那時(shí)，女性沒有什么權(quán)益，地位是低下的，故A項(xiàng)正確。B、C、D三項(xiàng)均與此表述不符。]2.Whatisthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Susan’steachingexperiences.B.Susan’seducationalbackground.C.Susan’seffortstoabolishslavery.D.Susan’sfightingforwomen’scauses.答案D[段落粗心題。通讀第三段可知，本段主要敘述蘇珊·布勞內(nèi)爾·安東尼為爭(zhēng)取女權(quán)而斗爭(zhēng)的狀況，故D項(xiàng)正確。]3.Whatdoestheword“decisionA.Promotingthesocialmovement.B.ChangingtheU.S.Constitution.C.Givingwomenvotingrights.D.Unitingotherareasandstates.

”inthefourthparagraphreferto?答案C[詞義猜想題。依據(jù)第四段第二句中的“somepartsoftheUnitedStateschangedtheirlawstogivewomentherighttovote”可知，在蘇珊·布勞內(nèi)爾·安東尼的努力下，美國(guó)一些地域改正了法律，給了婦女投票權(quán)；聯(lián)合該段第三、四句“ThefirststatewasWyomingin1869.OtherareasandstatesgraduallyfollowedWyoming’sdecision.”能夠判斷，畫線詞指代“給婦女投票權(quán)”這一決定，故C項(xiàng)正確。]4.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.ThefirstAmericanwomantoinventcoinsB.Theproblemofwomen’srightsintheU.S.C.ThemostpopularwomenorganizationsD.Apioneerinfightingforwomen’srights答案D[標(biāo)題概括題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了美國(guó)歷史上有名的女權(quán)運(yùn)動(dòng)領(lǐng)袖蘇珊·布勞內(nèi)爾·安東尼。她為婦女爭(zhēng)取了財(cái)富權(quán)、投票權(quán)等權(quán)益。據(jù)此可知D項(xiàng)為文章標(biāo)題。]BLocalofficialsinBeijingpromisedtofurtherprotectthecity’sculturalheritage(遺產(chǎn))，inparticularthenarrowstreetsknownasHutong.HutongsarecommonlyfoundinthecitiesofNorthChina，buttheyareatrisk.Beijingiscurrentlybelievedtohavefewerthan1，000Hutongs，mostofwhichareneartheForbiddenCity.Only60yearsago，thenumberwas3，250.Intheold13districtsofDongchengandXicheng，somepeoplewillbeaskedtomovefromHutonghousestoavoidfurtherdamagetotheancientarchitecture.“Onaveragemorethan100，000peoplevisittheForbiddenCityduringtheNationalDayholidays.Thevisitsputpressureontheprotectionofculturalrelics，”saidthedirectoroftheBeijingMunicipalCommissionofUrbanPlanning，addingthatHutongsshouldbeprotectedfromhumandamage.Thegovernmentfocusedonhowtheprotectionplanswerecarriedoutandhowthemanagementofculturalheritageworked.TheheadoftheXichengdistrictgovernmentsaidtheareahas182culturalrelics，manyofwhichwerebuiltasfarbackastheYuanDynasty(1271—1368).“Themostefficientwayistodecreasethelocalpopulationtoreducethepossibilityofcausingharmtotheheritage.”“Eachcommunityhasbeenrequiredtoreportthestatusofitsculturalheritage，especiallyHutongs，andanyactionstodamagetheheritagewillbepunished.”NooneknowsforsurehowmanyHutongswillbeleftinthecoming100years.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】北京的胡同已不再是小小的街道，它傳載著北京幾百年的歷史和文化。本文主要介紹了北京胡同的歷史、現(xiàn)狀及政府的保護(hù)舉措。5.HowmanyHutongshavedisappearedinthepastsixtyyearsinBeijing?A.Fewerthan1，000.B.About2，000.C.Morethan3，000.D.Over4，000.答案B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第二段中的“Beijingiscurrentlybelievedtohavefewerthan1，000Hutongs，mostofwhichareneartheForbiddenCity.Only60yearsago，thenumberwas3，250.”可知，北京胡同的數(shù)目由60年前的3250條減少至此刻的不到1000條，共減少了大概2000條。應(yīng)選B項(xiàng)。]6.AccordingtoParagraph3，whichofthefollowingisthemainreasonforthedamagetoculturalrelics?A.People’sactivity.B.Residents’attitude.C.Communities’behavior.D.Thegovernments’policy.答案A[推理判斷題。依據(jù)第三段中的“Thevisitsputpressureontheprotectionofculturalrelics.”和“Hutongsshouldbeprotectedfromhumandamage”以及倒數(shù)第三段中的“Themostefficientwayistodecreasethelocalpopulationtoreducethepossibilityofcausingharmtotheheritage.”可知，文化古跡受到損壞的主要要素是人們的活動(dòng)。]147.WhichofthefollowingisausefulwaytoprotectHutongs?A.Toattractmorevisitors.B.Toforbideveryonefromgettingclosetoit.C.Toincreasethelocalpopulation.D.Topunishanyonedamagingit.答案D[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“...anyactionstodamagetheheritagewillbepunished.”可知，加大對(duì)損壞胡同行為的處罰是保護(hù)胡同比較實(shí)用的舉措，應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。]8.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardHutongs?A.Optimistic.B.Pessimistic.C.Uninterested.D.Appreciative.答案B[推理判斷題。依據(jù)最后一段“NooneknowsforsurehowmanyHutongswillbeleftinthecoming100years.”可知，作者對(duì)未來胡同的命運(yùn)深感擔(dān)憂，持消極態(tài)度。]C(2018·太原二模)“Stopalltherushingandscreaming:toomuchexcitementisbadforfamilies.Kidsaremissingoutonanessentiallife—relaxeddowntime，”saysDr.CharlotteReznick.“Parentswork，andkidsdoscheduledactivities—there’slittlefamilytimewithoutpressure，”saysReznick.“Oneparentistakingthesontoasoccergame，andtheotherparentistakingthedaughtertoherswimmeet.Thenthere’stheartclass，baseballpractice，extratutoring，andmore!Bythetimethefamilymeetupfordinner，everyoneisexhausted.”Alltherushingmakesforashorttemper.“Whenparentsarereducedtoshoutingattheirchildrentogetthemtolisten，theylowertheirownself-esteemaswellaslosingtherespectoftheirchildren，”saysDr.CarlPickhardt.“Whileparentsthinkitshowsthey’reseriousaboutwhatthey’resaying，theyarereallyjustshowinghelplessdesperationatnotgettingtheirway.”Thesedayswhatkidsarelearningatschoolandfromtheoutsideisalotgreaterthanitusedtobeevenjustagenerationago.“Theproblemisthatstressrelievingactivities—reading，takingwalksorhotbaths，watchingthesunsetandotheractivitiesarenotevenpartofmostkids’experienceanymore，”saysReznick.“Therearesomanymoresocialbutnotallofthempromot