2023學(xué)年完整公開課版grammar 全市獲獎(jiǎng)

Unit5MeetingyourancestorsGrammar現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)★現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的謂語動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成：have/hasbeendoing。★現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示一個(gè)從過去某一時(shí)間開始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作，這個(gè)動(dòng)作有可能剛剛結(jié)束，也可能還要進(jìn)行下去。如：Wherehaveyoubeen?Wehavebeenlookingforyoueverywhere.你到哪里去了？我們一直在到處找你。Tomhasbeendigginginthegarden.Ihavebeenhelpinghim.湯姆一直在花園里挖土。我一直在幫他?！铿F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)有時(shí)表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作的重復(fù)。如：

Hehasbeencoughingalotlately.Heoughttogiveupsmoking.

最近他一直咳嗽。他應(yīng)當(dāng)戒煙。

Youhavebeensayingthatforfiveyears.

這話你已經(jīng)說了有5年了?！铿F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)常與howlong,allthistime,thisweek/month,allnight,allthemorning,recently等狀語以及since和for所引導(dǎo)的狀語短語或從句連用。如：

Howlonghaveyoubeenwearingglasses?

你戴眼鏡有多少年頭了？

Haveyoubeenwaitinglong?

你等了很久嗎？Whathaveyoubeendoingallthistime?你一直都在干什么來著？Hehasbeenwritinglettersallthemorning.他寫了一上午信。RecentlyJohnhasbeendoinghisworkquiteregularly.近來約翰工作一直很有規(guī)律。Heisill.Hehasbeenlyinginthebedforthreeweeks.他生病了，已臥床三周了。Ihaven’tbeensleepingwellatallsincethatunfortunateaccidentlastweek.自從上周發(fā)生了那次不幸事故之后，我一直睡得很不好?！巨q一辯】現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的主要區(qū)別：★現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作已完成，而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)卻不一定如此。如：Theceilingwaswhite.Nowitisblue.Shehaspaintedtheceiling.天棚原來是白色的，現(xiàn)在是藍(lán)色的。她油漆了天棚。（動(dòng)作已完成）Herclothesarecoveredwithpaint.Shehasbeenpaintingtheceiling.她的衣服上盡是油漆。她一直在油漆天棚。（動(dòng)作可能剛結(jié)束，也可能還在繼續(xù)）★許多靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞通常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)而不用于現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。如：

Ihaveknownhimforyears.

我已經(jīng)認(rèn)識(shí)他好幾年了。

Thestrikehaslastedsixmonths.

這次罷工已持續(xù)了六個(gè)月。現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的比較:A.未完結(jié)性

I’vecleanedthewindows.

我把窗戶擦干凈了。

I’vebeencleaningthewindows.

我擦窗戶來著。(可能窗戶尚未擦完)B.剛完結(jié)性與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)相比,現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)有時(shí)可以表示剛剛完結(jié)的動(dòng)作。有時(shí)它是現(xiàn)在事件的直接原因,或者是得出結(jié)論的證據(jù)。如:Myhandsaredirty.I’vebeenpaintingthecar.我的手很臟,我在油汽車來著。

Youreyesareredandpuffy.Haveyoubeencrying?

你的眼睛又紅又腫,你是不是哭來著？C.連續(xù)性或重復(fù)性現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)常常用于表示延續(xù)至今的連續(xù)性或重復(fù)性動(dòng)作。如：

JimhavebeenphoningJennyeverynightfortheseveralmonth.Allthesedayshehasbeenwritingarticlestoourmagazine.結(jié)論:現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)主要用于表示

A.過去開始而且現(xiàn)在仍在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。

B.過去開始,現(xiàn)在剛剛停止的動(dòng)作。

C.現(xiàn)在看到其直接結(jié)果的動(dòng)作。

Inpairs,taketurnstoreadthestatementandturnitintoaquestionusingthepresentperfectcontinuoustense.Thewordsinbracketsmayhelpyou.e.g.S1:Mrs.Smithlearnedtodrive

threeyearsago.(howlong)S2:Howlonghaveyoubeendriving,Mrs.Smith?1.Samhasjustfinishedlearningtoflyanairplaneinasix-monthcourse.(howlong)

Howlong

have

you

beenlearning

toflyanairplane,Sam?2.Heswamtillhefeltverytired.Hehasjuststeppedoutoftheswimmingpool.(howlong)

Howlong

has

he

beenswimming?3.Thenursesinthekindergartenhavebeenbusylookingafterthesickchilrenallday.(what)

What

have

thenursesinthekindergartenbeendoingallday?4.Theyhavearguedwitheachotherforyearsaboutthebestwaytogrowpotatoes.(what)

What

have

they

beenarguing

aboutforyears?5.Salesofwashingmachineshavebeenincreasingthisyear.(why)

Whyhavesalesofwashingmachinesbeenincreasingthisyear?6.JiaoYangusesaparticularkindofwashingpowderandhisclotheshavealwaysbeencleanandsoft.(what)

JiaoYang,whatkindofwashingpowder

have

you

beenusing

thatmakesyourclothessocleanandsoft?7.Thepoorgirlhasbeenoncollectingseashellstomakealiving.(why)

Whyhasthepoorgirlbeencollecting

seashells?8.Philipstartedtorideaskateboardat theageofsix.(h