2023年大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)考試真題及答案及解析

2023年６月２3日大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)(CＥT-6）真題試卷PartIWriting(30minｕtｅｓ）Ｄirｅctions： Forthispart,youareａlloｗｅｄ30minutｅsｔowｒｉｔeasｈoｒteｓsａyentitｌeｄShouｌdＯnｅExpectaRewardWhenDoingａGoｏｄDeeｄ?Ｙoｕshoｕlｄwrｉｔeatleａsｔ１50ｗoｒdsfｏｌlowｉngtheoｕtliｎegivenｂelow.１. 有人做好事盼望得到回報(bào);2.?有人認(rèn)為應(yīng)當(dāng)像雷鋒那樣做好事不圖回報(bào)；3.?我的觀點(diǎn)。ShouｌdOneＥxpecｔaReｗardWhｅｎDoｉｎgaGｏodDeeｄ?PartIIReadiｎgＣｏmｐrｅｈｅｎｓioｎ(SkimmｉngandScａnnｉnｇ）(１５minuteｓ)Ｄirectionｓ：?Inthisｐart,yoｕwｉｌlｈave1５minutestogoｏverｔheｐasｓａgequｉｃｋｌyandaｎswerｔhequｅstｉｏnsｏｎA(yù)nｓwerSheｅt１.Ｆｏrｑuｅstionｓ1－4，maｒkY(forYES）?ifthestatemeｎｔａgreeswithtｈeinｆｏrmatiｏnｇｉveｎiｎtheｐassage；N(ｆorNＯ） ｉfstatemeｎtconｔｒadiｃtsｔheinformatioｎgiｖeniｎtheｐassage;NG(forＮOTＧIVＥN)?ifｔhｅiｎfｏrmatiｏnisｎｏtｇiｖenｉntｈｅｐaｓsage．Forｑuesｔioｎs5-１0,ｃomplｅｔethesｅntenceswitｈｔheinｆｏｒmａt(yī)ｉｏnｇｉveｎｉnthｅpassagｅ.ＳevenStepstoaMorｅFｕｌfｉｌlinｇJobManyｐeｏpｌeｔodayfｉndｔｈemsｅlvｅsｉnunfulfillingworksｉtｕatiｏｎs.Ｉnfａｃｔ,oneiｎfourworｋersｉsdissａt(yī)isfｉeｄwｉthtｈeiｒcurｒentjｏb,ａccoｒｄingtｏthereceｎt“Plaｎｓｆｏｒ2０2３”sｕｒｖey.Thｅircａreerpathｍayｂｅfinａnｃiallyrewarｄing，bｕtitｄoｅsn’tmｅe(cuò)ttheiremｏtioｎａl，socｉａlorcreaｔiveneeds.Ｔhey’MaryLynMillｅr,ｖeterancａrｅｅrｃｏｎsuｌtantandfounderoftheLifeandCareerClinic，sａysｔhatwｈeｎｍostpeopleareunhaｐpyaboｕtｔheirwork,ｔhｅirfirstthouｇhtｉstogetadiｆferentjob．Iｎsteａd，Mｉllersuggeｓtｓｌoｏkinｇａt(yī)thｅpoｓsｉbilｉtyoｆaｄiｆferentｌifｅ.Tｈrougｈhｅrbook，8MythｓofMaｋｉnｇaＬiving,aswellａswoｒkshops,ｓeminａrsａndpersｏｎalcoachingandconsｕlｔing，sheｈaｓheｌpedthousａndsofdissatｉsfiedworkersreassesｓｌiｆeandｗｏrk．LikeｔhｅwａｙofZen，wｈichincludesunderstａｎdinｇofoｎｅselfasonereallyis,Millｅrｅncｏuraｇesｊobseeｋeｒsａｎｄthｏｓedissatiｓfiｅｄwitｈwoｒkorｌｉfetoｅxaｍｉｎｅｔｈeirbeliefsａbｏuｔｗoｒkandrecognizethａt(yī)“ｉnmanycaseｓyourbelieｆsarewhatｂrｏughtyｏutｏｗherｅyouaretoday．”Ｙoumayhavebeｅnｒaｉsedｔothｉnkthatwomenwerebeｓtaｔnurｔuringaｎｄcaringanｄ，therefｏｒe，shouldbｅteacｈerｓandnｕｒses.Sotｈat’sｗhａt(yī)ｙouｄid.Or，ｐerhapｓyｏuwerebroｕghtuptobelieｖethａt(yī)youshoｕlddowhatｙourｆathｅrdid，ｓoyoｕｈａｖeｔａkｅｎovertheｆamilｙｂusiness,orｂecoｍｅａdentisｔ“justliｋｅdad．”Ifthissoundsｆaｍiliａr,it’bablｙｔｉｍetｏｌookatthenewpossibｉliｔiesforyourｆｕture.Miｌlerdevｅｌｏpeｄa7-sｔepprocesstoｈelpｐｏtenｔiaｌjoｂseeｋerｓasｓeｓstheircｕｒrentsituａt(yī)iｏnanｄbeliｅfs，iｄeｎｔｉfytｈeirreaｌpａssioｎ，aｎdｓtartonaｊournｅyｔhaｔａllｏｗsthｅmtｏpurｓuetheiｒｐａssioｎｔhroughwork.Sｔｅp1：Wilｌingnｅsstoｄosomethingｄiffｅrent.Bｒeａkingthecyｃleofｄoingｗhatyouhavｅalwaysdoneiｓoneoftheｍostｄｉｆficｕlttasksforjobseｅkeｒs．Manyfinditｄiffｉｃuｌttostｅe(cuò)rａwayfrｏmaｃareeｒｐatｈｏrmａkeaｃhange，evｅｎifitdoeｓｎ’tfｅｅlrigｈｔ.Miｌlerurgesjoｂsｅe(cuò)kerstooｐentheirｍindｓｔoothｅｒpossibｉlitiｅsbeyonｄwhaｔｔheyaｒｅcｕrｒeｎtlｙdoiｎg．Step2:Ｃｏmmitmenｔtobeiｎgｗhｏｙouaｒe，notｗhoｏrwｈａt(yī)somｅoneｗantsyouｔoｂe.Ｌｏoｋatｔhｅ\gｉftsａｎdtａlentsyoｕhａｖeａndmakeacommｉtmenｔtｏpursuｅthｏsｅthｉngsｔhatyoｕloveｍｏst.Ｉfｙouloveｔheｓocialasｐectｓofｙouｒjoｂ,bｕtarestｕｃkinsｉｄｅaｎｏｆｆiｃeor“ｃhaineｄtoyourdesk”ｍostoｆtheｔime,vowｔoｆoｌlowyｏurｉnｓtｉnctaｎdinvesｔigａt(yī)eaｌｔernatiｖeｃareｅrsanｄwｏrkthataｌｌowyoumｏretimｅｔoｉnｔeractwiｔhothｅrs.Daｗｎwｏrkｅdasaｍanａgerｆｏrａｌarｇereｔaiｌcｌoｔhingstoreforsｅveｒalyeａrｓ．Thouｇhshｅhadadvancedwitｈｉｎｔｈｅcｏmpａny,sｈefｅltfrustrａｔedａnｄlongeｄtｏbeinvolｖedwithｎatｕｒｅandｔheｏutdoorｓ.Ｓhedeｃｉdｅｄtｏgoｔoscｈoolｎightsandwｅe(cuò)kｅnｄｓtopｕｒsｕeｈertrｕepasｓｉonbyeａｒniｎghermaster’sｄegrｅe(cuò)inforesｔry．Shｅｎowworｋsiｎtｈｅbiotｅchforｅｓtｒydivisｉonoｆamａｊorpapeｒｃomｐany.Ｓtep3:Ｓｅlf-ｄefｉniｔionMｉllerｓｕggeststhatｏncejobseｅkersｋnowwhothｅyarｅ,ｔheyneeｄtoknowhowtosellｔｈemselves.“Iｎtｈejoｂｍａrkeｔ,ｙｏuａreduct.Andｊusｔlikeａpｒoduｃｔ,youmｏｓｔkｎｏwｔhｅfｅaturesandbeneｆitsthatyｏｕhavetooｆferaｐｏteｎtiaｌclｉenｔ,ｏrｅmplｏyer.”Ｅxaｍiｎｅtｈesｋｉlｌsandkｎｏwledgethatｙｏuhaｖeidentifｙhowtheｙcaｎapplytoyoｕrdesirｅdoccupａt(yī)ｉｏn.Yourｑｕaｌitiesｗiｌlexhibｉｔtoeｍｐlｏｙeｒｓｗhytｈeyshoulｄhｉｒeyｏuoverｏtｈeｒcaｎdidａt(yī)es.Ｓtep4:Atｔainａlｅveloｆself-honoｒinｇ.Self-hoｎoringorself-lovemaysｅｅｍliｋeanoｄdstepｆorjoｂhunters,butbeingablｅtoacｃeptｙoｕｒｓeｌf，ｗiｔｈoｕtｊudgment,hｅlpseｌiminateｉnsｅcuriｔｉｅsaｎｄwｉllmakeｙoumoresｅlf-assured.Bｙaｃceｐｔingwhｏyｏｕaｒｅ–ａllyouremotiｏns,hｏpｅsandｄreams,yoｕrpｅrｓonaｌｉty,andyoｕruniｑuｅwayoｆbｅｉng–you’llprojｅctmoｒecoｎfiｄｅnｃewhenｎetwoｒkinｇａndtalｋｉngwithpotｅntialemｐloyers.Thepowerofsｅｌf-honoringｃanｈｅlptobrｅaｋａllthefalsｅhｏoｄsyouwerｅprｏgｒａmmｅｄtobeliｅve–thosｅthaｔmａdeｙouｆeｅｌthatｙｏuｗｅｒenｏｔｇoodeｎouｇh,orｓtｒｏngenougｈ,oriｎteｌｌigenteｎｏughｔodowhaｔyouｔrulydeｓｉre.Steｐ5:Ｖiｓｉon.Mｉlｌersuggestｓｔｈatjobｓeeｋersdｅvｅlｏpavisionthaｔｅｍbｒacestheaｎsweｒｔo“Whａt(yī)doIrｅallywanttodｏ?”ｏnｅｓhoｕlｄcreaｔeaｓoliｄｓtatemenｔinａdozenorｓosentｅnｃeｓthaｔdescrｉbｅiｎdetaiｌｈoｗｔheyseeｔｈeｉrlifｅｒeｌateｄtowork.Forｉｎsｔancｅ，tｈｅseｃｒeｔａrywhｏlongsｔobeanａctresｓdescribｅsalifｅtｈaｔaｌlowsherｔoexpressheｒloｖｅｏfSｈakｅspｅareonsｔage.Ａrｅalesｔaｔeaｇｅnt,ａt(yī)ｔraｃtｅdtohiscuｒrentjoｂｂeｃａuｓeherlovesｆixingupolｄｈｏmｅｓ,desｃｒibｅｓｂuｙingpropertiｅｓthａt(yī)needalittletｅｎｄｅrlｏvingcarｅtｏｍaｋetｈemmoresaleａbｌe.Step６:Ａｐprｏｐｒｉaｔerisｋ.Somｅpｈiｌosophersbelievethａt(yī)tｈewaytoenlighｔenmｅntcomesｔhroｕgｈfacｉｎgoｂｓtａclesanddiffｉcultieｓ.Oｎcepeoｐledｉｓcｏvｅｒｔheirpａssion,mａnyaretｏoｓcaredtodoanｙthingabｏutiｔ．Insｔeaｄ，theyｄonothing.Wiｔhthｉsstep，joｂｓｅe(cuò)ｋｅrｓｓhouｌdassesswhatｔｈeyarｅwilｌingtogiｖｅuｐ,orriｓk，ｉnpursuitofthｅirdream.Foｒonewｏrkiｎｇmom，thａt(yī)meanttakiｎgnigｈtclaｓsｅsｔｏlearnnｅｗcｏmputer－ａideddesigｎskｉllｓ，whｉlｅstilｌeaｒninｇasalａrｙａnｄkeepingｈｅrｄayjob.Fｏｒsomeonｅｅlse,ｉtmaｙｍeanquiｔtinghisoｒｈｅｒjｏｂ,ｔａkinｇｏutloaｎandgｏingｂackｔosｃhｏolfullｔime.Ｙoｕ’lｌmoveｏnestepclosertｏyｏｕrｉｄeaｌworkliｆeｉfｙｏuｉdenｔifyhowmｕcｈrｉskyouａrewｉlｌinｇｔotakeandtｈｅsacriｆiｃｅｓyouａrewiｌｌingtoｍake.Sｔｅp７：Ａctｉｏn.Sometｅacheｒｓoｆphilosｏpｈydeｓcriｂeａctｉｏninthiｓｗay,“Ifｏnewａntstogｅｔtothetopｏfａmouｎtaiｎ，ｊustsittingattｈｅfｏotthiｎkiｎgaboｕtitｗilｌnotbｒiｎgｏnetheｒe．Ｉtiｓbyｍaｋｉｎｇtheｅｆｆortofｃlimbingupｔheｍountain,ｓｔepbyｓｔｅｐ,ｔｈaｔeventuallyｔhesummiｔｉsreａcｈed.”Alｌｔoooｆten,itｉstｈelａckofaｃｔionｔhatuｌtimａt(yī)elyhｏldｓpeoｐlｅbａckｆrｏｍａt(yī)taｉninｇthｅiridｅalｓ.Crｅａt(yī)ingaｐｌanaｎdtakingiｔonｅｓtepaｔａt(yī)imecanlｅadｔｏnｅwａｎdｄｉfferｅnｔjｏbopｐorｔｕniｔｉｅs．Job-huｎtｉngｔaskｓgａinaddｅｄmｅanｉngaｓｙoｕｓensｅthｅｉriｍｐｏrtａｎｃｅｉnyouｒquestforamoreｍｅaninｇｆｕｌwoｒklifｅ．Thepｌａncanincludｅreｓｅarｃhingindustriｅsandoccupations,tａｌkｉngtopｅopｌewhoarｅinyourdesiｒedａreaｏｆｗorｋ，takinｇｃｌassｅs,oｒａccｅｐtｉｎgvoｌuｎteｅｒｗorkｉnyoｕｒtaｒgetedｆiｅｌｄ.Eachofｔhesesｔepswiｌlleaｄyｏuonajｏurｎeyｔoahappiｅrandmｏｒeｒｅｗａｒdingwｏｒklifｅ.Ａfterａll,ｉｔisthejoｕrneｙ，nｏttｈeｄestinａｔｉon，ｔｈatｉｓmostｉmpoｒtant．注意:此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡1上作答。1. Accoｒdingtｏtｈeｒecent“Ｐl(wèi)aｎｓfor２０23”2．?MarｙLynMiller’sjobiｓtoadviｓepeopleoｎthｅirlifeanｄcａｒeｅr.3. ＭaryLynＭiｌｌｅrheｒselfwａｓonceｑuｉｔｅdｉｓsａt(yī)isfieｄｗithheｒｏwｎwｏrｋ.4.?Ｍaｎypeopleｆinｄｉtdiffｉcultｔomakｅｕptｈeｉrmindｓwhｅｔhertochａngethｅircareerpath.５．?AccordiｎgtoMaryLynMilｌer,ｐeｏｐlｅconsｉderinｇchangiｎgthｅｉrｃmitthemsｅlｖestｏthepuｒsｕitof____＿_(dá)_＿.6.?Inthejobｍａrket,jobｓeｅkeｒsｎeedtoknｏｗhowtoseｌlthemseｌveｓliｋe____＿_(dá)＿_(dá).7. Duｒinganiｎterｖiewwiｔｈpoｔentialemplｏyers,self-hｏnoｒingorsｅｌf－loｖemayheｌpａjobseｅkertoｓhow_＿_(dá)＿_(dá)__＿.8. MaryＬyｎMｉｌlersｕggestｓｔhataｊoｂｓeekerdｅvelopaｖｉsionｔhaｔanｓｗersthｅquestion“_＿_(dá)_____”9．?Mａnｙｐｅoplｅaretoｏscａrｅdｔoｐursuｅｔhｅｉｒdreａmsbecausetｈeｙareunｗillingto___＿＿＿_(dá)_．１0.?Ｗhatultimateｌyhoｌdsｐｅoｐleｂaｃkfｒoｍａt(yī)tainｉｎgｔheｉridｅalsis____＿＿_(dá)_.ＰaｒtIIＩLisｔｅｎｉngＣompreheｎsioｎ(35minｕtｅs)SectｉonADirｅctiｏns:?Inｔｈissｅｃtion,ｙouｗillｈear8shoｒｔｃonversationsand2ｌongcoｎveｒsaｔions.Ａtｔheeｎdｏfeacｈcoｎversaｔioｎ，oneorｍｏｒequestiｏｎswillｂeasｋedaｂoutｗhａt(yī)sａiｄ．Boｔｈtheｃｏnveｒsationａｎdtheｑueｓｔioｎｓwiｌlbespokenonlyｏnce．Afｔereａchqｕｅstiontｈeｒeｗillbｅapａuse.Ｄｕringtheｐausｅ,yｏｕmustｒｅadthefourchoiｃｅsmarkｅｄＡ）B）C)ａndＤ),anｄｄeｃidewhichistｈebestaｎsｗeｒ.ThenｍａｒkthecorｒｅspｏｎdiｎｇlｅｔtｅｒｏnAｎｓwerSheet2withａsinｇlelinetｈroughthｅcｅntre．注意:此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。１1. A)Ｓｕrfingthenｅt.B）Wａt(yī)cｈingａt(yī)ａlkshｏw．C)Ｐａcｋｉnｇabirtｈdaygifｔ.D）Shoppｉｎｇaｔajｅwelryｓｔore.12.?A)Ｈeeｎjoysfindｉnｇfaｕlｔwｉｔhｅxams．B)Ｈeiｓsｕrｅｏfｈｉssuccesｓintheeｘaｍ.C)Heｄoｅｓn’ｔknｏwifhecaｎdoｗellinthｅe(cuò)ｘaｍ.D)ＨeｕsｅdtoｇetｓtｒaiｇhtＡ’ｓｉntheeｘａmshetoｏｋ．13. Ａ)Tｈｅｍａｎiｓgｅnｅrｏｕswｉthhisgoｏmentsonpeople.Ｂ)Thewomanisｕｎsurｅifthｅｒewiｌｌbepeacｅinｔhｅｗｏrlｄ．C）Thewｏｍanisｄoubtfuｌabouｔnｅwspaperstoｒｉes.D)Ｔhemaniｓｑuiteoｐtｉｍiｓticaboｕthuｍannaturｅ．14． A）Studyfoｒsomepｒofｅsｓion.B)Attｅnｄａmｅdiｃalscｈool.C)Stayinbuｓiness.Ｄ）Sellｈisｓhｏp.15.?Ａ）Moremoney.B)Fairtreaｔmeｎt.Ｃ)Aｃolｌegｅe(cuò)dｕcation.D)Shorteｒｗorkhoｕｒｓ.16.?Ａ)Sｈｅwasｅxhａusｔedfroｍhertrｉp.B)Shｅmissedｔfｏｒｔsofｈoｍe.C)ShewasｉmprｅsｓｅｄbｙMexicanfood.D）ShewiｌlnotgｏtoMexicoａｇaiｎ.１7. A)Cheerherselfupabit．B)Fｉnｄamoresuitａbｌｅjoｂ.C)Seekprofeｓsｉonalaｄvice.D)Takeapｓycholoｇycｏursｅ．18． A)Hedresｓeｓｍoreformalｌyｎow.B）Whathewｅａrsdoesnｏtmatｃhhispositｉon．Ｃ）Ｈehasignoredｈｉsfriendssincegrａｄuatiｏn.Ｄ)Ｈｅfａiledtodowｅllatｃolｌｅｇe.Quｅｓtｉons19to22arｅbaseｄoｎtheconvｅrsatｉoｎyoｕｈavｅjusｔheaｒd．19. Ａ）Ｔogｏｓightseeiｎg.B)Toｈaveｍｅe(cuò)tings.C)Ｔoprｏmotｅanewchaｍｐagnｅ.D）Toｊoｉｎｉnatｒainingpｒoｇram.2０．?A)Ｉtcａnreducethenumbeｒoｆpasseｎgercompｌaｉnts.B)Ｉtｃａnｍaｋeairtｒaｖelmoreenteｒtaininｇ.C)Iｔcancuｔdｏwntheｅxpenｓeｓforａｉrtravel.Ｄ)Itｃanlessenｔｈedｉｓcｏｍｆｏrtcausedbyaiｒtravｅl.21. A)Tｏoｋｂaｌancedｍｅａlsｗitｈchamｐagｎe.B)Ateveｇｅｔableｓａｎdfｒuitｏｎlｙ.Ｃ)Rｅｆrainedfrｏmfisｈoｒmeat．D)Ａvｏｉｄedeatinｇrｉchfood.22．?A)Manyofthemfｏunditdiffiｃuｌtｔｏexｅrciseonaplaｎｅ．B)Ｍanyoftｈemwereconcernedwiｔhtｈeｉrwell－being.C）Noｔｍａnyｏfthemchosetodowｈatｓhｅｄｉd.Ｄ)Ｎｏtｍanｙofthｅmuｎderstoodtｈeprograｍ.Quｅstions２３tｏ2５arebasedontｈecｏnｖeｒsatｉｏnyｏuhaveｊusｔhｅard.２3.?A)Atａfair．B)Atａcaｆeteｒｉa.Ｃ）Ｉnacomputeｒlａｂ.D)Inashoppingmａll.２4.?A)Ｔhelaｔｅstｃomｐutertecｈnolｏgy.Ｂ)Theorgａnizinｇofanexhiｂition.Ｃ）Ｔhｅpurchasiｎgofsomeeｑuipmeｎt.Ｄ）Thedraｍaticｃhaｎgｅｓinｔheｊobmarkeｔ.25. A)Datacolｌectioｎ.B)Ｔｒａｉningconｓuｌtancy.C)Corpoｒatemanａgemｅnｔ.D)Informａt(yī)ｉonprocessiｎｇ.SeｃｔiｏｎＢDirectｉons：?Ｉｎｔｈiｓｓeｃtion，ｙｏuwｉlｌheａr３ｓhｏrtｐａｓsaｇes.Attheenｄofeachpasｓage,yｏuwillhearsomequestiｏnｓ．Ｂoｔhｔｈepassageandthｅquｅｓtioｎsｗiｌlｂespokeｎｏnｌｙｏnce.Afteryouhｅarａqueｓtｉoｎ,yｏｕmustchoosetheｂｅstanswerｆｒomthefouｒchoiｃeｍarｋedA）B)C)andD）.ＴｈenｍａｒｋthecorrｅspondｉnｇletteroｎA(yù)nswerShｅｅt2ｗitｈasiｎglelinetｈｒoughthecentｒe.注意:此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。PａssａgeOneQuｅsｔions2６to28ａreｂａｓedontheｐａssageyouhａｖｅjｕｓthｅard．26. A)Impｒｏvetheｍselves．B)Gｅtrｉdｏｆｅmpｔｙdrｅams.C)Folｌowtｈeculturalｔraｄｉtiｏn．D）Attemｐｔsoｍｅthiｎgｉmpｏsｓiblｅ.２7.?A)Byｆindiｎgsｕffｉｃiｅｎｔsupportｆorimplementatioｎ．B)Bｙｔａkｉnｇintｏaｃｃoｕnｔtheiroｗnabiｌiｔytｏｃhaｎge.Ｃ)Bｙcｏnstantlykeepinginｍindtｈeｉｒulｔimategoａｌｓ．D)Bymakinｇdetaileｄｐlansanｄcarryｉngthemｏｕt.28．?A）Ｔoshｏwpeoｐｌｅhowtogeｔtｈeｉrlｉvesbａcｋtonoｒmal.B)Tosｈｏwｈｏｗｄiｆfｉcuｌtitiｓfｏrpeopletｏloseweigｈt.C）Torｅminｄｐeopletochecｋthecaｌoｒiesｏnfｏodbaｇs.D)Toiｌｌustrａt(yī)ehoweasiｌｙpeopｌeaｂandｏntheirgoals.PassａｇeＴwoQｕestions２９to31aｒｅbasedontheｐassageｙｏuhaｖeｊｕｓtｈｅard.２9. A)Micｈａel’ｓparｅnｔsgotdiｖorcｅｄ．B)KareｎwasａdｏptｅdbyRayAndersｏｎ.Ｃ）Ｋａrｅn’smｏtherｄiediｎａcaraccident．D)Atｒuｃkdｒiverｌｏｓｔhiｓliｆeinacolliｓion．３0.?A）Ｈeｒanaredligｈｔandcoｌｌidedwithatｒuck.B)Hesacriｆｉcｅdhisｌｉfetosaｖｅabａbygirl.C)Heｗaskiｌledinstanｔlyinaburningｃａｒ.D)HｅｇotmarriｅｄtoＫareｎ’smｏtｈｅｒ.３１.?A）Tｈereｐｏrteｄhｅｒotuｒnｅdｏｕtｔobeｈisfaｔｈer.B）Ｈeｄidnotundeｒsｔａｎｄｈｉsfatｈerｔiｌltｏolatｅ.Ｃ）Sｕｃｈmｉsfortuneshｏuldｈaｖｅfaｌlenonhｉｍ.D)Itreｍindedhimｏfhismisｅrableｃhｉldｈood.PassageＴｈreｅQｕestｉｏｎs32tｏ35arｅbａsｅdonthepaｓsagｅyouhavejustheard.３2．?A)Gｅｒmany.B)Ｊapan.Ｃ)TheU．S.D)TheU．Ｋ．３3.?A）Bydoｉngｏdｄjｏbｓatwｅe(cuò)ｋends.B)Byｗoｒkｉｎglongｈouｒseｖeryｄay．C)Byｐuttｉnginmorｅhourseachｗeek.D）Bytakｉngｓhorteｒvacａt(yī)ioｎseacｈyear.34. A)Ｔoｃoｍbａｔｃompetiｔionandraiｓeproductｉvｉty.Ｂ)Ｔoprovidethemwithmoｒejoboｐportunｉtｉｅs.C)Tｏhｅlpthemmaintａinｔｈeirlｉｖingstａｎｄard.D)Toｐrevenｔthｅmfｒomholdingaseｃｏndjｏb.35. A)Changetheirｊoｂｓ.Ｂ)Eａrnmoremoney．Ｃ）Ｒedｕｃeｔheirwｏrkｉｎghours．Ｄ)Strengthenthｅgovernｍeｎt’srｏle.ＳｅｃtioｎCＤireｃｔｉonｓ: Iｎｔhｉsseｃtioｎ,youwiｌlhｅarapａssagｅtｈrｅe(cuò)tiｍeｓ.Whenthepassageisrｅaｄfortheｆirsttiｍe,yｏuｓhouldlisｔencarｅfｕlｌyforitsgenｅrａｌｉdea．Wｈentｈepassａgeisreａdfｏrthesｅcondtime,yoｕareｒｅｑuiｒｅdtofｉｌlinthｅblaｎkｓnｕｍｂeｒeｄｆrom３6to43ｗithｔheｅxaｃtｗoｒdsyouｈavejuｓｔheａrd.Fｏｒblａｎkｓｎumbｅrｅdｆrom44tｏ46youａrerequiredｔofillinthemiｓsｉnginｆormation．Fortheseblanｋｓ,youｃaneitheruseｔheexａｃtwordsｙouｈaveｊuｓtｈeaｒdorｗritedｏwnthemainpｏinｔsinyｏｕroｗnwords.Fｉnａlｌy，wheｎthepassaｇeisreadfortｈｅｔｈirdtiｍe,youｓhouｌdｃheckwhatyoｕhavｅwriｔｔen．注意:此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡２上作答。Ｎursｉnｇ,asａt(yī)ｙpicallyfemaleprofession,musｔdealconstanｔｌyｗｉtｈｔheｆaｌseimpressiｏnthatnｕrsｅsaretｈereｔoｗaiｔoｎtｈeｐhysiｃian．Asnurses，weａre(３６）＿＿_(dá)＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_toｐｒovidｅｎurｓiｎgcareonｌｙ.Wedonotｈavｅａnｙlｅgａlｏrmoｒａl(37)________toaｎｙphysicｉan.Weｐｒoviｄehｅalｔhteachｉng,(3８)＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)__physｉcalａsweｌlasemotｉonaｌproblems,(39)＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)__patient-ｒelａt(yī)eｄservｉｃes，anｄmakeａｌlofourｎursingdeciｓionsbaｓｅduｐonwｈaｔisbｅstoｒsuiｔablｅfoｒｔｈepatｉeｎt.Ｉf,inaｎy(4０)＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)_,wefeelｔｈａt(yī)ａphyｓｉcｉaｎ’sordeｒｉs（41)_＿_(dá)_＿＿_(dá)＿oｒunsafｅ,ｗeｈaveaｌegal(42)＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)__toｑuestioｎthａt(yī)orderorrｅfusetocaｒryitｏut．Nuｒsｉngiｓnoｔａnine-to-ｆivejobwiｔｈeveｒｙweｅkendｏff.Allnursesａrｅaｗaｒeofthａt(yī)bｅfｏretheyeｎterｔhｅprofｅｓsiｏn.Theemｏtｉoｎalandｐhｙsicalstｒess．Hｏweveｒ,ｔhａｔｏccursdｕｅtoodｄwｏrkinｇhourｓisa（4３）________reａsonforalotｏftheｃaｒｅｅrdissaｔisfactiｏn.（4４）_＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)___＿＿_(dá)＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_______＿_(dá)__＿_(dá)__．Ｔhaｔdisｔｕrbｓouｒpｅrsoｎaｌlｉvｅｓ，ｄisｒuptｓoursleｅpｉngａｎdｅａｔiｎghabits,aｎdisoｌａt(yī)esusｆrｏmeｖｅrｙtｈingexceptjob-ｒelatedfrieｎdｓaｎdactivｉties.Thｅquaｌｉtyoｆnursingｃareiｓbｅingａfｆeｃteddrａmatiｃallybytｈｅsesｉtuatiｏｎs.(４5)_＿_(dá)＿_(dá)____＿_(dá)____________＿_(dá)_＿＿_(dá)___.Ｃｏｎｓuｍersofmeｄicallyreｌateｄseｒｖiceshａveeｖiｄeｎtｌynｏtbeenaffectｅｄｅnouｇhyettodemandｃhａngesinourｍeｄicaｌsysｔｅm.Bｕｔiｆtrenｄｓconｔｉnueasｐrｅdicted,(46)＿_(dá)＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)_＿_(dá)_____＿_(dá)___＿_(dá)____＿_(dá)__.PａrtIVReaｄiｎgComprｅheｎsion（ReａdinｇinDeｐth)(25mｉｎuteｓ)SectｉonADirections:?Inthiｓsectioｎ，tｈereisaｓhoｒｔpassagewitｈ5ｑuestionｓoｒinｃoｍpｌeteｓｔａt(yī)ｅmｅntｓ.Rｅaｄthｅpassagecareｆully.Theｎansweｒthｅquｅstｉoｎsoｒcoｍpletestatemｅｎｔsiｎｔhefeｗeｓtpoｓsiｂｌeworｄｓ.PlｅａsewriteｙoｕranｓwersonＡnsｗerSheet2.Queｓtionｓ47ｔo51arｅbａseｄonｔｈefｏllowingpasｓage.Googleｉsawｏｒld－fａｍouｓｃompａｎy,wiｔhitsheadquartersｉｎMountainVieｗ,Calｉfｏrｎiａ.ItwassｅtupinaＳiliconＶalleygarageiｎ１998,aｎdinflated(膨脹）witｈtheInternetbｕbblｅ．Eｖｅnｗheneｖerythingaroundiｔcｏlｌａpsedｔhecoｍpanｙkeｐｔoｎｉnflａｔｉｎｇ.Google’ssearchengineissowidｅspｒeadacrosｓtheworldthaｔseａrｃhbｅcaｍeGoogle,aｎｄGoｏgｌｅoｗesmuchｏfitssuccessｔothebrｉｌlｉａncｅｏfS．BｒｉnaｎdＬ.Paｇe,ｂutalsｏｔoａseriesoffortｕnateｅｖentｓ.ItwasＰａｇeｗho,ａｔStanfordiｎ1９96,inｉtiａt(yī)eｄtheaｃａdemiｃｐrojectｔhatevenｔuａllｙｂｅcａｍeＧoogｌｅ’ｓsｅarchengine.Brｉn,whohadmetPagｅatａstudenｔoriｅｎtaｔiｏnaｙeaｒｅarlier,ｊoiｎｅｄtheprｏjecｔeaｒlｙon．TheｙweｒebｏthPh.D.caｎdidateｓwhenｔheydevｉseｄthesearｃheｎgiｎewhｉchwａsｂetterｔｈantherestanｄ,withｏutａnymarｋeｔing,spreadｂyｗordofmouｔhfromeaｒlyadoptersto,evｅntｕａlly,yoｕrgrandmｏtｈｅr.Theirbｒeakｔhrouｇh,ｓimｐlyｐut，wastｈatwｈｅntheiｒｓｅａｒchｅｎgiｎｅcraｗledtheWeb，itdidmｏｒeｔhanｊｕsｔlookfoｒwｏrdmaｔches,itaｌsｏｔａｌlied(記錄)anｄｒａnkｅdahostｏfothｅrｃriｔｉcalfactorｓliｋeｈowweｂsitｅｓlinｋtooｎeａnoｔhｅr.Thａt(yī)deliveredfarbetｔerｒesultｓthanａnyｔhｉngelse.BrｉnanｄPａｇeｍｅanttonameｔｈeirｃreaｔｉonGoogoｌ(thｅｍａｔhｅmatiｃaltｅrmfoｒｔhｅnuｍber1foｌlowedby100zeｒｏｅｓ),butｓomｅoｎemissｐellｅdｔｈewoｒdｓｏitstucｋaｓGoｏgｌｅ.Ｔｈeyｒaｉsedmoneyfrompｒeｓｃient(有先見(jiàn)之明的）professorsaｎdventurｅｃapitalists,andｍoｖedofｆcamｐustoｔurｎGooglｅintobｕsｉnｅss.Perhaｐstｈeｉrbｉggｅststｒｏｋeｏｆluckcameearｌyonwhentｈeytrｉedｔoselltheirｔｅcｈnｏｌogytｏotheｒsearchengineｓ,butnoｏneｍｅtｔheｉｒprice,anｄtheybuiltitupontｈeirown.Thenexｔｂreakｔhroughcａｍｅiｎ202３,whenGoogｌｅfiguｒedｏｕｔhｏwtomakemoneｙwithiｔsinvenｔion．Ｉthadloｔsｏfｕsers,bｕtalmostnoｏnewaspaying．Thｅsｏｌuｔionｔurｎｅｄouttobｅadvertｉsing，andit’ｓnotanexａｇgeratｉontosａythatGoogleisnｏｗessｅｎtialｌyaｎadvｅrtiｓinｇcｏｍpａny，givenｔhatｔhａｔ’stheｓoｕrcｅofneａｒlyａｌlitsrevenｕｅ．Ｔodaｙｉtｉsagiantadveｒtｉsiｎgｃoｍｐany,wｏｒtｈ$100bilｌiｏn．注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。47． Aｐａrtfromaseriesoffｏrtunａｔeeｖents,ｗhatisittｈａt(yī)hasmadｅGoｏgｌesｏsucｃessful?48. Ｇoｏｇｌe’sｓｅarcｈengineoｒiｇinａt(yī)edfｒom____＿_(dá)__starｔedｂyL．Paｇｅ.4９.?ＨoｗdiｄGｏoglｅ’ｓsｅarchenｇｉnｅsｐrｅadalｌoverthewoｒld？50. BrinandPaｇedeciｄedtｏseｔuｐtheｉroｗnbusinessbecａusenoonewould__＿_(dá)____.51.?TherｅｖenueofｔｈeＧooglecompaｎyiｓlarｇｅlygeneratｅｄfrｏｍ________.ＳｅctiｏnBDiｒｅcｔions:?Theｒeare2ｐａｓｓagesiｎthissectioｎ．Eaｃhpassaｇeｉsfoｌlowedｂysomeｑuestionsorｕnｆiniｓheｄstatｅｍents.ForeachoｆthemｔhｅrearefｏuｒcｈｏｉceｓｍaｒkedA),B),C),andD）.ＹoushｏｕlｄｄeｃiｄeontheｂｅstchoiｃｅａｎdmａｒkthecorreｓｐondingletｔeronＡnsｗerSｈeet2wｉｔhasiｎglelinethroｕgｈthecenｔre.ＰａssageOneQuesｔionｓ52to5６ａrebasｅdontheｆoｌloｗiｎｇpassagｅ.Yｏuheartｈerefraｉnaｌｌthｅtｉme:ｔｈeＵ．S.ecｏnomylookｓgｏodsｔatｉsticａlly，butitdoesn’ｔfｅe(cuò)ｌgooｄ.Whydoesｎ’tevｅr－gｒeaterｗealthｐromoteｅver－gｒｅaterhaｐpｉneｓｓ?Itｉsaquesｔionｔhatｄatesatｌeasｔtothｅａｐpｅarancein1958ｏｆTheAffｌuent(富裕的)SｏcietybyＪoｈnＫennｅｔhGalbｒaｉth,ｗｈoｄiedｒeｃentlyat９7．ＴheAffｌｕｅntSociｅtyisａmoｄernclassicｂecauseithelpｅｄdｅfiｎｅaneｗｍomentｉntheｈumanconｄitｉｏn.Formｏstｏfhiｓtorｙ,“hunger,sicknｅｓｓ，andcold”ｔhreateneｄｎearlyeｖｅｒｙｏｎｅ,Galｂrａiｔhwroｔe.“Ｐovｅrtywasfoundeverｙwhereinthatｗorld.Oｂviouslｙitiｓnｏtoｆoｕｒs．”AfteｒＷo(hù)rｌdWａrII,thedreadofanｏｔhｅrGｒｅatDｅpressｉongavewａyｔoａｎｅｃonomicboｏm.Iｎtｈe1930ｓuｎemplｏymｅnthａｄaveｒagｅd１8.2perｃent;inthe1950sitwas４．５perｃeｎt.TｏＧaｌbｒaｉth,ｍaterｉalｉsmhadgonｅmａdandwouｌdｂｒeｅddiscoｎtent.Throｕghａdvertiｓing，comｐaｎiescoｎditionedconsumerｓｔoｂｕｙtｈingstｈｅydidn’tｒeａllｙwaｎtorｎｅe(cuò)d．Beｃauｓesomｕchspendiｎｇwaｓａrtifｉciaｌ,ｉtｗouldbeuｎfｕlｆilling.Meanwｈile，gｏveｒnmｅntspenｄingthａt(yī)woulｄmaｋeevｅrｙonebetｔerｏffwasｂｅingcｕｔdoｗnｂecausepｅoｐｌｅiｎsｔinｃtivelｙ—anｄｗronｇly—ｌabelｅdgｏverｎmentonlyaｓ“ａｎecesｓａryevil．”It’sofｔeｎsaiｄthatonｌｙtherｉcharegettingahead;evｅryoｎｅe(cuò)ｌｓeｉsｓtａndingstillorｆallingbeｈind．Weｌl,ｔherｅaremaｎyuｎdｅｓｅrviｎｇｒich—oveｒpaidcｈieｆexecutiｖes,forinstaｎcｅ.Bｕtoｖｅraｎymeaninｇfｕｌpｅｒiｏｄ，mosｔpeople’siｎcomesareincrｅasｉng．Ｆroｍ1９９5tｏ2０２3,inflaｔｉｏｎ-ａdjuｓtedaveragｅfamilyincomerｏse1４.３ｐeｒceｎt,to$43,200．peopleｆeｅl“ｓqueｅzed”bｅcaｕsetheiｒrisingincomesoftendｏn’tsａt(yī)ｉsｆytheｉrrｉsinｇwaｎts—ｆorbｉｇgerhoｍes,mｏreｈeａｌthcare,ｍoｒcation,fasterＩnterｎeｔcｏnnectｉｏns.Tｈｅｏthergreａt(yī)fｒｕstraｔionisthatiｔhasｎoｔeliminaｔedinｓecuritｙ.Peoplｅregaｒdjoｂstaｂiliｔyaｓparｔoftｈeｉｒstandardoflivinｇ．Aｓcoｒｐoratｅｌayofｆｓinｃreaｓed，ｔｈaｔｐartｈaseｒoｄｅd.Morewｏrkｅrsｆearthey’veｂeｃome“ｔhediｓpoｓaｂleAmerican,”asLouiｓUchitｅlleｐutｓitinhisbｏokbytheｓaｍｅnａme.Bｅcauseｓｏmuchpｒeviousｓufferｉngaｎdsociaｌconｆliｃtsｔeｍmedfrompovertｙ,theａrrivalofwidｅsｐreadafflｕeｎcesuggeｓｔｅdutopian(烏托邦式的)poｓsiｂiｌitｉes.Upｔoaｐoｉnt,afflueｎcesucceeds．Thｅreismuchlｅsphysｉcalmiseryｔhａnbeｆore．Peoplearebetｔeｒoff.Uｎfortunately，aｆfｌuencealsocrｅatｅｓnewcｏmplaintsａnｄcontraｄｉctｉons.Aｄvancｅｄsocietiｅsneedecｏnomicgｒowthtｏsatiｓｆythｅmultiplyiｎgwantsoftheircitizens.Butｔheqｕestforgrowthletｓlooseneｗanxietiesａndｅｃonomicconｆｌictsthatｄisｔuｒｂthｅsocｉａlorder.Afflueｎcｅlibｅrａt(yī)esthｅindividual,pｒomｉsingthaｔevｅｒyonecanchoｏseauniqｕewaytoself-fulｆillment.Butthepｒomiseｉssｏextravagantthatitpredeｓtiｎｅsmａｎydisａｐpｏintmentsａｎdｓometｉｍesｉnｓpiresｃｈoicesthathavｅantｉ-soｃiaｌｃonsequencｅｓ,ｉnｃlｕｄingfａmilｙbreakdｏwｎａndobesｉty(肥胖癥).Statistｉcａｌindiｃaｔｏrsofhaｐpineｓsｈavenotｒｉsenwｉtｈｉnｃｏmｅｓ.Ｓhouｌｄwebeｓurprｉsed？Notrｅalｌy．Ｗｅ’ｖeｓimplyreａffiｒmedanoldtrutｈ：thｅpurｓuitｏｆaffｌuencedoｅsnotalwaysendwithhappiｎesｓ.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。5２. WｈａｔｑuestiondｏesJoｈnKｅnneｔhGalbraithｒａｉｓeiｎhisｂookTheAfｆlｕｅｎｔSociｅty?Ａ）Ｗｈystａt(yī)iｓｔiｃsdon’tｔｅlltｈｅtｒuthaboutｔheeconomy.B)Wｈｙafｆｌｕeｎcｅdｏｅsn’tgｕarａnteehappineｓs.C)Howhａppinesscanbeｐｒomotedｔodaｙ．D）Whatlｉeｓbehｉndａnecoｎomiｃｂoom．５3. AccｏrdｉnｇtｏGalbraith,peoplｅｆｅe(cuò)lｄisconｔentｅｄbｅcause______＿_(dá).A)ｐubliｃspeｎdinghａｓn’tbeｅncutdownaｓｅxpecｔedB)tｈegoｖernmentｖedtｏbeaｎecｅsｓａryevilＣ）tｈeyａrｅinfｅaｒofanotｈerGreaｔDｅpresｓiｏnD)ｍatｅrｉaｌisｍｈasｒｕnwilｄｉnｍodernｓocieｔｙ５4.?Whydopeoplefeｅｌsqueｅzｅdｗhｅnｔheｉｒaｖｅｒagｅinｃｏmeｒisescoｎｓｉｄerabｌy?A)Tｈeirｍａｔｅriaｌpｕrsuitｓhａvegoneｆaraｈeaｄｏftｈeirearnings．B)Thｅirpｕrchａsｉngpoｗerhasdroppeｄmarkedlywithinfｌatiｏn.C）Thedｉstriｂutionofwealｔhｉｓuneｖeｎｂｅtｗeenther5ichaｎdtheｐoor．Ｄ)Ｈeaｌｔhｃaｒeaｎｄeｄuｃａt(yī)ioｎalｃｏsthavesｏmeｈowgoneoｕtofｃontroｌ．５５.?Ｗhａt(yī)dｏｅｓＬouisUｃｈitellｅmeａｎby“thｅdisposabｌeAmerican”(Linｅ3，Para．5)?Ａ)Thｏsewhosｅe(cuò)ｊobstaｂｉlitｙaｓpartoｆthｅiｒliｖingｓtandard.B）Pｅｏpleｆｕllofuｔｏpiａnｉdｅasrｅｓultingｆromａfflueｎｃe．C）PeoplewｈoｈaｖｅlｉttleｓaｙinAmｅricaｎpoliｔｉcｓ.D)Workerｓwhonolｏngｅrｈaveseｃurejｏbｓ.56．?WhathaｓaffｌuenｃebrouｇhttoAmericａnsoｃiety?A)Ｒｅnｅwｅdecoｎomｉcsｅｃuritｙ．Ｂ）Asenseｏｆselｆ－fuｌfilｌment．C)Nｅwｃonflictｓａｎｄcoｍplaiｎｔs.D)Miseｒｙaｎdａnｔi-sociaｌbehavior.PａssａgeTwoQuｅsｔiｏns57ｔｏ61arebａseｄonｔｈｅfollowiｎｇpaｓsage.Ｔｈeuseofｄｅfereｎtｉaｌ(敬重的)lanｇｕageiｓsyｍbolicoftheCｏnfucｉanｉdｅalofthewｏmａn，whｉcｈｄｏminatesｃｏnｓervaｔiveｇendｅrnormsｉnJａｐａn.Thisidｅalpresentsawomanｗhｏwithdｒａwsquieｔlytｏtｈebａｃkｇｒound,subｏｒｄinaｔingherlｉfeａndnｅｅｄsｔothoｓeofheｒfamilyandｉtsmalehead.Sｈeiｓaduｔifulｄａughteｒ,wifｅ，ａndｍother,ｍasterofthedoｍestｉcartｓ.ＴｈｅtｙpicalrefineｄJａpaneseｗｏmａnｅxｃeｌsiｎmodestｙａｎｄdelicacy;she“treadssoｆtly(謹(jǐn)言慎行）inｔheｗorlｄ,”elｅｖatｉngfemininebeaｕｔｙaｎｄgｒａｃeｔoanａｒｔform.Noｗａｄays，itiｓcoｍｍonlyobserｖedthatyoungwoｍenarenoｔcｏnfoｒmｉｎgｔotheｆeminineliｎgｕistｉc(語(yǔ)言的)iｄeａl.Tｈeyareｕsｉnｇfeｗeｒofthevｅrｙdｅｆeｒeｎｔiaｌ“women’ｓ”forms,andｅvenuｓiｎｇthefewｓtronｇfoｒmsｔhａt(yī)areknowaｓ“meｎ’s．”Ｔhｉs，ｏfcoursｅ，ａt(yī)tractsｃｏｎsidｅｒaｂlｅaｔtｅntioｎａnｄhasledtoanoutcｒyintheＪａpaｎesemedｉaaｇaiｎsｔthｅdｅfｅmｉnizationofwｏmen’slaｎguaｇｅ.Ｉndeｅd,wedｉｄn’theaｒabｏut“men’ｓlangｕaｇｅ”ｕｎtｉlｐeoplｅbｅgaｎtorespｏndtogirls’apｐropriaｔｉonofｆoｒｍsnoｒmallyreservedfoｒboyｓandmen．Thｅｒeiｓconsｉdｅrableseｎtimenｔaｂoｕｔthe“cｏrruｐｔion”ｏｆwｏｍen’ｓlａnguagｅ—ｗhiｃhofcouｒseisviewedａsparｔofｔhelｏssｏffemininｅidealsandmorａlity—ａnｄthissentimｅntiscrｙstalｌizedbynatｉonｗideｏpiｎionｐoｌlsｔhatareｒｅgularlycaｒriedoutｂythｅmｅdia.ＹosｈikoMａｔsuｍoｔｏｈaｓargueｄtｈatyｏｕngｗomｅnprｏbablyｎeverｕseｄaｓｍａｎyofthehighlｙｄefeｒｅnｔialformｓasｏlderwomen.Thishighｌyｐoliｔesｔｙleisnoｄoubｔｓometｈingtｈａｔyｏungwomenhａｖｅbeeｎexpectedto“gｒｏ”—aｆｔeraｌl,itiｓａｓsignｎotsｉmｐlyoffemininiｔｙ,butofmaｔｕrｉtyanｄreｆinｅmeｎｔ,andｉtｓuｓecoulｄｂetaｋenｔｏinｄicａt(yī)eachangeintheｎatｕreoｆoｎe’ｓsocｉalｒelａt(yī)iｏnsａswｅlｌ.Onemigｈtｗeｌｌｉmagｉneｌittleｇirｌｓusingｅxceediｎglｙpolｉtefｏｒmswｈenplayｉnghouseorimitatｉｎgoldeｒwomｅn—ｉnafａsｈｉoｎanalｏgoｕｓｔolittlｅgirls’useofahigh-pｉtchedvoicetoｄo“teacheｒｔａlk”ｏr“ｍoｔhｅrtａlk”ｉｎｒoleplaｙ.TheｆaｃttｈaｔyoungJapａneｓｅwomenarｅuｓinｇlesｓdeferentiallaｎguａgｅisasｕｒesｉgnｏfchａｎge—ofｓociａlcｈangeandoｆlinguistｉcchanｇe.Ｂutitisｍostceｒtainlｙnｏｔasｉｇｎｏfthe“ｍａsｃulization”ｏfgｉrlｓ．Iｎsomeｉｎstaｎｃeｓ,ｉtmaybeａsignthatgｉrｌｓarｅmaｋｉnｇtｈesaｍeclaｉmtoauthoｒｉtyａsboysandmen,butｔhaｔisvｅrydifｆerｅnｔfｒomsａyingtｈaｔtｈeｙaretryingtｏｂe“ｍasculine.”KatsueReynｏldsｈasaｒｇuedthａt(yī)ｇirｌｓnｏｗａdaysａreuｓiｎgmoreassｅrtivelaｎguａｇestrategiesｉnｏrdｅrtobeabletｏcompｅtewiｔhbｏysinschoｏlsanｄoｕt.Sociａlchangealsobringｓｎｏｔsimplydiffｅrentpositionsforwｏmenandｇｉrls,ｂuｔdifｆeｒentｒelatiｏnstolifｅｓtages,andaｄoｌesｃeｎtgirlsareparticipａt(yī)ｉngiｎneｗｓuｂｃultuｒalfoｒms．Thuswhａｔｍay,tｏａｎoldｅrｓｐｅａkeｒ,seemlike“ｍasculine”sｐeechmａyseeｍtoanadｏｌeｓceｎｔlｉke“l(fā)ｉbｅratｅd”ｏr“hｉp”speech.注意:此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。57.?Thefｉrｓtparａgｒaｐhdesｃriｂesｉndetail____＿_(dá)__.A）ｔhestandaｒdssetforcontｅmpoｒarｙJapａneseｗomeｎＢ）theＣonfucianinflueｎｃeongｅndｅrｎoｒmsｉnJａpａnC）tｈeｓtｅreｏｔyｐｅdrｏleofwomenｉnJapaｎｅsefamilieｓD)thenorｍｓfoｒtｒaditiｏnaｌＪapａneｓｅwomentｏｆollｏw5８．?Wｈaｔchangｅhaｓｂeenｏbｓervediｎｔodａy’syoungJapaneｓewomen?A)Theypａylessatｔeｎtｉontotheｉｒlinguistiｃbehaｖiｏr.B）Tｈeusefｅwｅrｏfthedeferentｉaｌliｎguｉstiｃfｏrms．C)Theyｃonfusemａleandfｅmaleformsｏflanguage.D）Thｅyemplｏｙverｙｓtrｏnｇｌｉngｕｉｓｔｉcexpressｉoｎs.5９． Hｏwdosomepｅｏplereaｃｔtｏwoｍｅn’ｓappｒｏpriａt(yī)ioｎofmeｎ’sｌａnguaｇeformsaｓｒeportｅdintheＪapanｅseｍeｄia?A)Ｔｈｅycalｌfoｒacampaｉgntostoｐtheｄefeｍinｉzatiｏn.B）Ｔｈeｓeeitasanexpressionｏfｗｏmen’ssentiment.C)Theyaccｅptitasamoderｎtrend.Ｄ)Ｔhｅyeｘpressstrｏngdiｓａpｐrovaｌ.60. AｃｃｏrｄiｎgtoYoshikoMaｔｓｕmoto，ｔｈeｌinguｉsｔiｃbｅhaｖiｏｒｏbｓｅrvediｎtoday’ｓｙｏuｎｇwomen＿＿_(dá)＿_(dá)＿_(dá)_．A)mａｙleａdｔｏｃｈａngesiｎsocｉalrelaｔｉoｎsB)hasbeentruｅoｆallpastgenerationsＣ）isｖｉeｗedasasignoftheirmatuｒｉtｙＤ)ｉｓａreｓuｌtoｆｒapidsｏciaｌproｇress61.?TheａutｈoｒbeｌieｖesthaｔtheuseofaｓseｒtivelanguagebｙyｏｕngJapａnｅsewomeｎis__＿_(dá)＿_(dá)__.A)ａsｕresignｏfｔｈｅirdefeminizationandmａt(yī)uratiｏnB)aniｎdicａt(yī)iｏｎoｆｔheirdefianｃｅagａinsｔsoｃialcｈａngeC)ｏneofthｅｉrｓｔrａt(yī)eｇiｅstｏcompｅteinamａlｅ-ｄomiｎatedsｏcietyD)aｎｉnevitabletrｅｎdoｆlｉｎｇｕistｉcdｅｖｅlｏpmｅnｔiｎＪapantodayPａrtVClozｅ(15mｉｎuｔes）Directiｏｎｓ: Ｔheｒeaｒe2０blａnksinthｅｆollowingｐaｓsage.Foreａchbｌaｎkthｅrｅaｒefｏuｒｃhｏｉ