2023年考博英語(yǔ)作文范文合集

２.Dｏyouagｒｅｅｏrdisagrｅｅwｉｔｈtｈefollowｉｎgstaｔement？Parentｓaretheｂestteacｈers.Usespecifiｃrｅaｓonsandexampleｓtosuppoｒｔyoｕranswｅr.你是否批準(zhǔn)或不批準(zhǔn)以下聲明？家長(zhǎng)是最佳的老師。使用品體因素和例子來(lái)支持你的答案。Ｏbｖｉously，theearlｉeｓｔｔｅachｅrswehaｖeinourliｖｅsinｍostcaｓeｓａreouｒｐarents,ａｎdｔｈｅyaregenｅrallyｔｈeｍoｓｔｉnｖoｌvedintheｄeｖeｌｏpmeｎtａndeducatioｎｏｆtheirｃｈilｄren.Ｙetnｅｉtherａrealｌpａrentsgｏodｔeａcｈerｓnｏraｒｅthｏｓegoｏdｐarｅnｔsｔhebｅsｔteａchers.顯然，我們最早的老師，在大多數(shù)情況下,我們的生活是我們的父母，他們是最普遍的發(fā)展和子女教育工作。然而，也不是所有家長(zhǎng)好老師,也不是那些好父母最佳的老師。Firstofall，nｏtａllparｅｎtsａreｇooｄteacherｓ.Asnｏrmａlinｄividualｓ,ｓomepａrｅnｔｓｍoreｏｒlｅsshａvebａdhaｂｉtｓ.Eveｎthoｕghpareｎｔsalmostinsｔｉnｃtiｖelydevotetheｍselｖestocultivatｉngtheiroffspring，thｅoutcomemｉghtｔｕrnoutｔobediｓａppoinｔmｅnt，ｆorａlｌchｉldｒentenｄtｏuncoｎscｉｏｕsｌｙｏｒsubconsciｏuslｙｃｏpyeverytｈinｇfromtｈｅirpareｎts．Ａｎｏtｈeｒdefiｃienｃyｏfpａｒentsａsteachersiｓthefactｔhａｔｍostｐaｒｅnｔsａrｅlaｃkofｃoｍmｏｎsenｓesofｅｄucatｉon.Alltｏooftenｗeobseｒvesｏｍeｐａrentstendtopuｒsuetheirchｅrishedbutfａileddｒｅambyfoｒｃingｔheirｃhiｌdrｅntoｄｅvｅlopｉnaprｅaｒrangeｄｄirectｉon.Ironｉcalｌy，iftheirｃｈiｌdｒｅｎdiｄnｏtｆollｏwtheｉnstrｕｃtioｎs,thechildrenｗｏｕldbeｒeｇarｄｅdasdisｏｂｅdieｎｔorａllｅgedlyｒｅbeｌlioｕs.Iｎｆact，itispａrentsrａｔherthaｎtheｉｒchiｌdrenｔhatviｒｔualｌydｉsobｅycｏmmonｓｅnses.一方面，并非所有家長(zhǎng)都好老師。作為正常人，一些家長(zhǎng)或多或少有壞習(xí)慣。盡管父母幾乎本能地致力于培養(yǎng)他們的后代,其結(jié)果也許會(huì)變成失望而歸，往往所有兒童都能自覺(jué)或不自覺(jué)從他們的父母復(fù)制每一件事。另一個(gè)家長(zhǎng)缺少的是,大部分家長(zhǎng)對(duì)教育的共同感覺(jué)，缺少教師。我們經(jīng)常看到一些父母往往追求，迫使其子女在預(yù)先安排的發(fā)展方向，他們所愛(ài)惜的,但未能夢(mèng)想。具有諷刺意味的，假如子女沒(méi)有遵循指示,孩子就被視為不聽(tīng)話(huà)或據(jù)稱(chēng)反叛。事實(shí)上,這是家長(zhǎng),而不是他們的孩子，Moreoｖｅr,someparentsareｑuaｌifiedａsｇoodｔeａcｈｅrs，butnotａllｏftheｍaretｈebestonｅs．Whenchildreｎareiｎｔhｅprelimiｎarysｃhoｏl,iｔisｎotsurpｒisiｎgｔｈatparentsarecapabｌeofteａchingtheirchildrｅnaｌｍoｓｔeverｙsubjecteveｎbeｔterthaｎｐroｆessionaｌtｅachｅrsinｔhescｈool．Ｂutｔｈeｓituatｉｏｎwｉllnoｔlastlｏnｇ.Welｉveｉnaworｌｄwheｒeｋnoｗledgeisaccｕｍuｌateｄｂｙmultiplｙｉngandatthｅsaｍetimebecomeｓmoreanｄmｏresｐecｉａlｉzed.Theｒｅfore，tobeａpｒoｆesｓｉonaｌinacertainfieldtoｄaｙtａkeｓmucｈｌoｎgertｉmeｔhａneverbeforｅ．Ｎoparentisａbletoｂfｅｓｓionaliｎａllfields,thoughtheymightbeeｘperｔｓinoneormｏrefiｅｌds.Wisｅpａreｎtsoftenreleaserathｅrthaｎｃｈargetheirｃhiｌｄrｅnaｓｅａrlyａspｏsｓible．Theyareａｗarｅofthｅpossiｂｉlityoutsiｄｅｔhｅｆamily.此外，一些家長(zhǎng)有資格好老師,但不是所有這些都是最佳的。當(dāng)他們?cè)诔醪綄W(xué)校的,這并不奇怪,父母是孩子的教學(xué)，幾乎每一個(gè)問(wèn)題甚至比在學(xué)校專(zhuān)業(yè)教師做得更好。但情況不會(huì)連續(xù)太久。我們?cè)谀抢镏R(shí)的增多,同時(shí)積累了生活的世界變得越來(lái)越專(zhuān)業(yè)化。因此，是在某一領(lǐng)域的專(zhuān)業(yè)今日需時(shí)較長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間比以往任何時(shí)候。家長(zhǎng)們能在所有領(lǐng)域的專(zhuān)業(yè),雖然他們也許在一個(gè)或多個(gè)領(lǐng)域的專(zhuān)家。明智的家長(zhǎng)往往釋放,而不是他們的孩子負(fù)責(zé)盡早。他們都明白了家庭以外的也許性。Parｅnｔsmay,nevｅrthelｅsｓ，helptｈｅirｃｈｉlｄrｅｎｍuchmoｒｅthandogｏodteaｃherｓ．Mostｐaｒｔsoｆchildrenｅducaｔｉonａrevirtuallｙｂｅyｏnｄteａcｈers'reacｈｅs.Itｉｓparentｓthatｓｕｐｐlｅment．Ｐsｙchoｌｏｇyｓtｕdieshaｖeshownusthatpareｎtｓ＇ｌｏvｅsｏmetｉmeshasaｓtonｉshiｎglyｍagｉｃpowertoｔheirｃｈｉldrｅn.ＡlｂerｔEiｎｓteｉｎ'sｍothｅｒaｎdＦorｅstＧump＇ｓｍｏtｈｅｒarebothgoodexampleｓ.Onｔheｏtｈerｈａnｄ,ｐaｒｅnｔsmｉgｈtdothｅirｃhildrenharｍmoreｔhandobadｔeachersaｓweｌl.Thｅnaturｅsoｆｔhosechiｌdrenｗhｏsepaｒeｎtsｈavｅdivorcedarｅoftensevｅrelyｄistorｔed.Ｉｎaworｄ，iｔisrａt(yī)hersuｐerｆiｃialtosimpｌysaｙtｈatparｅntsaｒethebｅsｔteacｈerｓ.家長(zhǎng)仍可以幫助他們的孩子更比好老師。大部分地區(qū)的兒童教育幾乎超過(guò)教師達(dá)成。這是家長(zhǎng)的補(bǔ)充。心理學(xué)研究告訴我們，父母的愛(ài)，有時(shí)有驚人的神奇力量給子女。愛(ài)因斯坦的母親和阿甘正傳的母親都是很好的例子。另一方面，家長(zhǎng)可以做他們的孩子受到傷害比也差的教師。那些其父母已離婚兒童的性質(zhì)往往嚴(yán)重扭曲?？傊?這是十分膚淺的簡(jiǎn)樸地說(shuō)，家長(zhǎng)是最佳的老師。[４0４worｄs］4.Ｉthasbeenｓaid,"Ｎoteｖerythiｎgtｈatiｓlearnediscoｎtainｅdinboｏkｓ."Coｍｐareanｄcontrastｋｎowlｅｄｇegaｉnｅｄfromexｐerｉencｅｗithkｎowledgegainedfｒombooks.Ｉnyourｏpiｎｉoｎ，wｈiｃｈsｏurceismoreimｐortant?Why?有人說(shuō)，“并不是所有的教訓(xùn)是在書(shū)本中?！北容^和對(duì)比中取得的經(jīng)驗(yàn)與知識(shí)，從書(shū)本上獲得的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。在您看來(lái)，這是更重要的來(lái)源？為什么?Bothexｐｅｒｉeｎcesａndboｏksａrｅverｙeｓｓenｔialresourｃeｓ，andbothｏｆｔｈemhaverｅlｅvantmeｒiｔs.雙方的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和書(shū)籍是非常重要的資源,他們都有相關(guān)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。Ｅｘpｅriｅｎceｓarｅthemｏｓtdirｅcｔresourｃeｓweeｖerhave.Alｍｏsｔourｅverybasicskillcamefｒｏmeｘｐeｒieｎceｓ,ｓuchａswaｌking,ａrticulａt(yī)inｇ,ｒeadｉｎgeｖenthｉnkinｇ.Wiｔhoutexpｅriences,somenaturaｌｂoｒnabiliｔieseｖｅnｍiｇhｔlose．Studieshavｅsｈowntｈatababyｗhoｗasrobbedbｙaｎimaｌsｉnｔｏｆoｒestfor1２ｙeａｒsloｓthｉsabiｌｉtｙｔoｔａｌkinｈuｍａnlanguagｅ.Furthermore，itisgeｎeｒａｌｌyaｃｃeptｅdthateachandｅveryskｉllｄevelｏpsbyｅxpeｒiencｅs,anｄthat＇swhyｐeopｌealwaysｓaypracticemａkesｐerｆｅct.經(jīng)驗(yàn)是最直接的資源的時(shí)候都完備。幾乎我們每個(gè)基本技能來(lái)自經(jīng)驗(yàn)，如散步,闡明，閱讀甚至思維。假如沒(méi)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)，有些天生的能力,甚至也許會(huì)喪失。研究表白,嬰兒誰(shuí)是動(dòng)物搶劫到2023,森林失去了說(shuō)話(huà)的能力,在人類(lèi)語(yǔ)言。此外，人們普遍認(rèn)為,每一個(gè)技術(shù)發(fā)展的經(jīng)驗(yàn),這就是為什么人們總是說(shuō)熟能生巧。Bｏｏksａreｖalｕabｌewhｅnknowｌedgeiｓbeyｏnｄtｈescopeofourexｐeriences.Ｐerhaｐstheｍｏstobvｉousexａmplesarｅｔhosefluentｗritｅrs.Thｅywrｉteｖarｉｏuｓstoriｅs,ｔhescopesofwhｉcharefarbeｙoｎｄａｎyindｉviｄuａl'sexpeｒｉencｅs.TakeJoｙceCaｒoｌOateｓfｏrexaｍpｌｅ,herprodｕcｔiｖｉtｙhasbｅe(cuò)ｎprｏｄiｇious,aｃcｕmｕlatinginｌessthantwodecａdｅｓtｏneａrlythiｒtｙtitles,includingnｏvｅls，cｏlleｃtionsoｆshoｒtｓtoriesandverse，pｌaｙsandliterarｙcｒiticism.Aｌｔhｏughsｏmeｏfthemaｐpeaｒｔocｏmeｆroｍｈｅrｏwndirｅｃtoｂservａt(yī)ioｎs,heｒdreams，andherfeａrｓ,mucｈｍorｅiscleａrｌyfromｔheexpｅriｅncｅsoｆｏtｈｅrs.Herｆictiveworlｄｒｅmaｉｎｓsｔrikiｎｇlyaｋintoｔhatrealonｅrefｌｅctｅｄiｎtheｄａｉlynewｓpａｐｅrs,thetｅｌevisioｎnｅwｓａnｄtａｌkｓhoｗs，andthepoｐulａｒmagaｚinｅsofoｕrday.書(shū)是有價(jià)值的當(dāng)知識(shí)超過(guò)了我們的經(jīng)驗(yàn)范圍?；蛟S最明顯的例子是那些流利的作家。他們寫(xiě)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)任何個(gè)人的經(jīng)歷的各種故事，其中的范圍中。為例喬伊斯卡羅爾歐茨，她已經(jīng)驚人的生產(chǎn)力,積累了不到２０23的近30冠軍,其中涉及小說(shuō)，短篇故事和詩(shī)歌,戲劇和文學(xué)批評(píng)的集合。雖然其中一些看起來(lái)是來(lái)自她自己的直接觀(guān)測(cè)，她的夢(mèng)想,她的恐驚，更是清楚地從別人的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。她虛構(gòu)的世界仍然驚人地類(lèi)似，真正的一個(gè)反映在報(bào)紙,電視新聞和訪(fǎng)談節(jié)目，和我們時(shí)代的流行雜志。Ｙeteitherexperieｎcｅｓｏｒbooｋｓmａygiveｕswronｇinforｍaｔion.Ｏurdirｅctobｓｅｒvａt(yī)ionsaｌwayｓaｒesubjeｃttooｕｒbｅliｅfｓ,hoｐes，fearｓ,ｅｘｐectａｔiｏnｓ,andouｒbiａs,whichmightmakｅobｓｅrvatiｏnsｕnｒeliaｂｌe．Peoｐlevaryintheｉrpoｗeｒsofobservation,andｔｈｅrｅliａbilityofourobservatioｎsisnoｂetteｒthaｎthereliabilitｙofouｒmemｏries,ｗhichａsweknｏwcanbｅdeceptive.Informationｐrinteｄiｎpａperssｏｍetimeｓiｓuｎrelｉableeiｔher，itmaybｅmｉspriｎｔed,oｒｅvｅndelibｅratelｙｄistｏrtｅd．Foreｘample,DeｆinｉｔionssucｈasMarxism，Ｃapitａlisｍ,ZionismａreｔotallydiffeｒentinthｅＯx(chóng)ｆordLearnｅr'sDicｔｉonａryofＣuｒrｅntEｎｇlishbｅｔwｅｅntheoｒｉginａledｉｔionaｎｄthesanｃtionedＲuｓｓianediｔion.然而，無(wú)論經(jīng)驗(yàn)或書(shū)籍，可以給我們錯(cuò)誤的信息。我們直接觀(guān)測(cè)總是受到我們的信仰,希望,恐驚,盼望和我們的偏見(jiàn),這也許使意見(jiàn)不可靠。不同的人在觀(guān)測(cè)他們的權(quán)力，和我們的意見(jiàn)的可靠性并不比我們的記憶,作為我們知道是有欺騙性的可靠性。信息印在文獻(xiàn)或者有時(shí)是不可靠的，它也許是錯(cuò)體,甚至故意歪曲。舉例來(lái)說(shuō)，如馬克思主義,資本主義,猶太復(fù)國(guó)主義的定義，完全在牛津?qū)W習(xí)的英語(yǔ)詞典不同的原版和俄文版的制裁。Inconcluｓioｎ,bothsourｃesareｉmpoｒtant．Sｏmetｉmesonｅisｍoreｉｍpｏrtanｔthａntheotｈeriｎａｃcｏrdanｃｅwｉthｓｐｅcificcｉrcｕmstａncｅs.Ｆorexamplｅ,wheｎｗemakeagｅｎeralsurvｅyaｂoutaｃｅrtaiｎsubject,wemaypreｆerrｉcｈreｆerenｃesinlibrａry.Ontheｏthｅrhａnd,ifweｗaｎttｏkｎｏwｍoresｐｅｃｉficdetails,wehadbeｔｔerｒefertoｅxpｅriencesｓuchａsrｅsultｓofcａrefｕｌｌydesｉgnedexpｅrimenｔs.最后，這兩個(gè)來(lái)源是重要的。有時(shí),一個(gè)更重要的是比具體情況為根據(jù)其他。例如，當(dāng)我們做一個(gè)關(guān)于某一議題的一般性調(diào)查，我們也許更喜歡在圖書(shū)館豐富的參考資料。另一方面，假如我們想了解更多的具體細(xì)節(jié)，我們有更好的參考經(jīng)驗(yàn)，如精心設(shè)計(jì)的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果。[３77Words］７.Howdomoｖiesｏｒtｅleviｓｉonｉｎｆluｅnｃｅｐｅｏｐlｅ＇sbehaｖｉor?Usereasｏnsａndｓｐeｃｉfｉcｅxamｐleｓｔosuｐｐorｔｙouｒanｓweｒ.如何將電影或電視影響人們的行為？使用因素和具體的例子來(lái)支持你的答案。Tｈeiｍpactthatmodernｍａｓｓmｅdｉasｕｃhasmovｉeｓoｒｔelevisｉonshashadｏnouｒdaiｌｙlife,ａndsocieｔyinｇｅneｒａl，ｉsuｎdｅniａbｌe.Nodoubtｉｔwiｌlbeｃomeevｅｎgreatｅrastｈｅscopｅoｆmaｓｓmediaｃonｔinuestogｒｏｗ，andａｓｔｈｅｒelevantｔeｃhnｏlogieｓbeｃomｅmｏｒeａndmoｒｅsophisｔicaｔed,andｓoｆasｃｉｎatingthatviｒtｕallynobodyｗiｌlbeabletoescape.Already，ｉtcａnbeseｅnhｏwwestｅrnｍoviｅsａrｅe(cuò)xercisiｎginfｌｕeｎｃeonouryouthgｅｎeratｉｏn:thｅygｒｏｗlonｇ-ｈaiｒregardlessofｔheｉrsex,commonlypartoｆwｈicharedyｅdｉngold;thｅywｅａrjeansineachandeveｒyseａsｏn,usｕaｌlyknｅe(cuò)ｓofｗhｉcharｅdelｉberatｅlytaｔtereｄ;ｂｏyｓａｒｅｆonｄofearrｉnｇsoｒotｈｅroddｐendants;andｇiｒｌsａrekeenonMarlboｒoｓandweｉrdcoarｓｅlangｕagｅs．在這樣的電影或電視現(xiàn)代傳媒已經(jīng)在我們的平常生活產(chǎn)生的影響,和整個(gè)社會(huì)，是不可否認(rèn)的。毫無(wú)疑問(wèn),它將成為甚至作為大眾傳媒的范圍更大的繼續(xù)增長(zhǎng)，隨著相關(guān)技術(shù)越來(lái)越先進(jìn),因此迷人，幾乎沒(méi)有人可以逃脫。已經(jīng)，可以看到西方電影如何行使對(duì)青少年一代的影響：他們長(zhǎng)大長(zhǎng)頭發(fā),無(wú)論其性別，通常，其中一部分黃金染色,他們穿在每一個(gè)季節(jié),通常是膝蓋的牛仔褲故意襤褸，男孩的耳環(huán)吊墜或其他多喜歡和女孩的萬(wàn)寶路,怪誕的粗語(yǔ)言劇烈。Themajormeansthatmａｓｓmediainfｌuｅncethepuｂｌicisｂｙcrｅａt(yī)iｎgtｏｐiｃsofdiscussiｏnintｈesｏciety.Ｍasｓmediaoffｅrｓｐｅoｐle(theｃonsumerｓ)ｉｓsuｅstoｔａlkaｎｄthｉｎkaboｕt．Ｔitanicｈadbｒｏughtａworldwｉdeｕproａrbyｉtsextollingandofｆascinatingimmoｒtalloｖe;PrimeColorandＷagｔhedogｍetthenationaldeｂaｔeｏｎrightaｎdｄuｔyｏftｈｅpresｉｄentoftheUnｉtedSｔａt(yī)es．ＡｎｔｉｗarmoｖｉeｓｓuchasＴｅarsｏfｔhｅSunandAｌlQuｉｅtＯｎTheWesteｒnFrontａmoｎgnumｅrousoｔｈeｒｓhavebeenraisingtheqｕesｔionｔhａt(yī)isanywaｒreallyｔouphｏldjuｓticeoｒisｉtｒｅallyｗoｒｔhythａt(yī)anindiｖidｕaｌｍakessacｒｉficeｓtohiscounｔryanｄatthesａｍetimｅignｏresｈisｏwｎfamiｌyorhispersoｎaｌvalues?大眾媒體的公眾影響力的重要手段,是發(fā)明了社會(huì)討論的議題。大眾媒體提供人(消費(fèi)者)問(wèn)題討論和思考。泰坦尼克號(hào)帶來(lái)了其迷人的贊美和不朽的愛(ài)全世界一片嘩然，總理顏色和搖尾狗符合有關(guān)的權(quán)利和對(duì)美國(guó)總統(tǒng)職責(zé)的全國(guó)性辯論。如太陽(yáng)淚和其他許多在西線(xiàn)無(wú)戰(zhàn)事反戰(zhàn)電影已經(jīng)提出的問(wèn)題是任何戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的真正的正義，還是很值得,個(gè)人作出的犧牲,他的國(guó)家，同時(shí)忽略他的家人或他的個(gè)人價(jià)值?Mａsｓｍeｄiaａlsoｓhａpｅｓouruｎderstａnｄiｎｇofwhatｉsimportantａndwhaｔisnotimｐorｔant(tｏknow).Tｈe"iｍｐorｔant"issueｓaretｏbefｏundonｔｈeｆｉrｓtｐagesoftｈeneｗsｐaper(/iｎｔｈebeginniｎgofatｅleviｓionpｒograｍ)．Tｈe"noｔimｐortant"storiｅsaｒeｔhｅｏnesthaｔarenｏtbｅingtoldataｌｌ.The"noｔveryiｍporｔａｎt"ｓtoriesａbaｂｌyvｅryｓhｏrtａndhiddeninthelaｓtｐaｇｅs.InｆａctcensｏrｓhipsｐresenｔａllｍassmeｄiaｉncludingitsｄｉｓｔributinｇｍeanｓsuchastｈｅInterneｔ.Bypreaｒraｎgｉｎgpuｂlicissue，theｍassmｅdiamａkesdeｃｉsionｓfｏrus.Eｖenｔｈｏugｈtｈereareｃriticaｌｔhinkｉｎginｄiｖidｕalsiｎanysoｃｉeｔy,tｈeyaredefiniteminｏrity；ｔheｐublicｉnwｈoleｉnｄｅe(cuò)dlackskｉllｓｏfcritiｃaｌthinkiｎg,aｎｄｔｈereｆoretｈeｙａｒeoｆtenledbyｔheｍedia.大眾媒體也影響我們對(duì)什么是重要的理解，什么是不重要的（知道）?！爸匾钡膯?wèn)題，必須對(duì)報(bào)紙的（/在一個(gè)電視節(jié)目的開(kāi)始）第一頁(yè)找到?！安恢卮蟆钡墓适率悄切┎槐桓嬷械?。在“不太重要”的故事也許很短,在過(guò)去的頁(yè)面隱藏。事實(shí)上,目前涉及cｅｎsorsｈｉｐs分發(fā)所有大眾媒體，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)等手段。由preaｒranｇing公共問(wèn)題,大眾傳播媒體對(duì)我們的決定。即使是批判性思維在任何社會(huì)中的個(gè)人，他們是明確的少數(shù)人的批判性思維的言行缺少技能整體上市，因此,他們往往被媒體領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。Inbrief,massmｅdia，byoffeｒingtopｉcｓanｄａffectinｇthewａｙsinwhichweｄisｃｕss“theimpoｒtａｎtissｕeｓ”,hａｓastｒonｇiｎfluencｅoｎｏurpercｅpｔionofthｅtｒuth，ｏfｔheworldorｏfthestrｕｃtuｒeoｆｏurｓocieｔy,ｗeｈavetｏａdmitthatithasarolｅiｎｏurｌivesasaｓourceｏｆinｆormatｉon,eｘpｅrienｃｅs，ｅｎｔｅrtainmｅnt,ａmuｓementａnｄｒelaxaｔion.[4３1Words］8.Ｄｏyouaｇreeoｒdiｓagreewｉtｈｔheｆolｌowinｇstａt(yī)emｅｎt?Ｔｅlｅvｉsionhａsdｅsｔｒoyedcommｕnicａt(yī)ionamoｎｇｆriendsandｆamily.Useｓｐｅｃifｉcreasｏnsandexａmplestosuppｏｒtyoｕrｏpiniｏn．Whilｅtelｅvisionhasbeensomewhatｈarmfｕliｎｉtsｅｆｆｅcts,itｈashａｒdｌｙ"dｅstroｙed"comｍｕｎiｃationaｍonｇfｒiendsanｄｆamｉly,althougｈｆorsomepeoplｅ,ｔheasｓertioｎthaｔtelevisiｏnhａsdestｒｏyedcommuｎiｃationamongfrｉendsandfamｉlyseｅmstrue.Telｅvisioｎ，inventｅdinlastｃentury,withitｓwideavaｉｌabiｌity,increasinglｙproｓperｏusｐｒｏgrａms,ｂeｃomesoneoftｈｅmｏｓtｐｏweｒfulmｅanｓofcommｕniｃａt(yī)ｉｏｎintｈehｉｓtoｒｙ,ａnｄismｏｒeａｎdmorediｆｆicｕlｔtoignore.Tｅｌevisioniｓａｓｍuchａpaｒtofourlivesasarｅｏurmｅals，work,orschooｌ;stuｄiｅsconsisteｎtlysｈoｗthaｔtｈeａｖerageAmeｒｉcaｎchｉldspendsalmostaｓｍuｃhtiｍewatchingtｅlｅvｉｓioｎasdoｅsｓheiｎｓchool.Ｗｅaｌlｈａｖeonｌy24hourｓａdayanditiscｌｅarthaｔthｅmｏreｔiｍeｏnespendsoｎwatcｈingteleviｓion,ｔｈelesstｉmeonｅｄｏｅswithhisｏrｈｅrfamilｙａndfriends．Ｈenceweseｅtheｐassａgeｉｎtｈeｎewspaperormaｇazｉnetitleｄ＂Ｔelevisiontooｋmｙhｕｓbandawaｙfｒomｍe."Temptｉngassuｃhclaimmightbe,itishａrdｌｙtrue.Iｔisnoｔtｅlｅvｉsioｎｔookｈerhusbandawayfromｈer,buｔthｅｉｎｃreasｉnｇprｅssｕｒｅｓofmoｄernliｆedidｉt.Ｗｅhａvenodefiniｔｅｅvidencｅｔosaｙpeoplenｏwadaｙｓenｄuremｏｒｅpresｓuresｔhaｎdｉｄtheircｏunterpartｓｉntｈepasｔ，ｂutitｉsabｓoluｔｅlytｒuｅthａt(yī)peｏpleｎowaｄaｙsｕndeｒgｏｇreａt(yī)pressureｓthatｃomｅfromｖariouｓdｉrections,ｉncludinｇｗork,schooｌ,ecｏnoｍｙ,aｎdｓofｏrth.Iｎvestｉgaｔionｓｓhowthaｔｐeｏplｅwhoearnmｏrｅthaｎ50,000yuaｎaｎｎｕａlｌyspendａt(yī)ｌeast6０hoｕｒsonｗｏｒkｐｅrweｅk，mｕchmorｅtｈantｈoseｗhoearn２0，000yuanａnnｕａｌly.Todａｙａbachelordeｇｒeemａynolｏngerguaranteeａwelｌpaidjｏｂ,mｏreandmｏreｃompanｉespoｓｔtheirwantａｄsclａimiｎgthａt(yī)applicａntsmuｓtｈaveａt(yī)leasｔmasｔｅrdegrｅe(cuò)s，whiｃhｔaketｗooｒthrｅe(cuò)yeａｒｓlongｅr．Iｎawｏｒd,ｐeoplenｏwａdayshaveｖｅrｙlittletiｍeforａnytｈing；televiｓionisｍerelyamoｎｇmaｎyotherfａcｔorsｔｈａｔaffeｃtcommunication,anｄisｄeｆinitelynｏtthｅmaiｎcａｕseofdegｒａdatｉon．Itｓeemｓthattｈemｏrｅoneiseducatｅｄ，theｍoreoneisawarｅofｔｈedeleｔeriouｓefｆｅcｔｓｔhatexｃｅｓｓivetelｅvｉsioｎｃauseｓ,andeiｔｈerdelｉbｅｒaｔelyａvoiditoractｕallydｏｎoteｎjｏyit.Ontheotherhanｄ,therereallｙａremanyｐeopｌeａｄdｉcｔivｅｔoteｌｅvｉｓiｏn.Ｂｕtthefactis,wereｔeｌevisioｎnotexistent，suｒelyｔheｓeｐeｏｐｌewouldhaveｆoundotheｒｅscapeｓ,ｓuchasalcohoｌorｇambling，ｆoｒexample.Inotheｒwords,pｅopleaｌwａｙsfindaｗaytodowｈａt(yī)ｔheywａntｔodo.Theｒeforｅ,Idonotaｇｒｅｅｔhatｔelevｉsionhasdesｔroyedcommunicａt(yī)ioｎamongfriendsandｆamilｙ．［41９wｏrｄｓ]9.Someｐeopleprefertoliveinasmａlltoｗn．Otheｒspreferｔｏlivｅinaｂigｃity．Ｗhichpｌａｃｅwｏuldyｏuprefｅrｔoliveiｎ?Uｓesｐeｃifiｃｒeasonsanｄdetailsｔoｓupportyouｒansｗer.Ｐeopｌeｓｅldomaｇｒeewiｔｈeaｃｈothereveninsｕcｈｔrｉｖｉａliｓsuｅｓａｓｐreｆeｒｅncebｅtweenabｉgｃityａnｄaｓmalltown．Ｉt’sａｌittlebithastetosaｙthａt(yī)itisｂetｔｅｒtolｉveinabｉgｃitythaｎｔolｉｖｅinasmalltｏwn,orviｃeversus.Ｌivｉnginabigciｔyhasｓeveｒaｌbｅnefits.Fiｒｓt,there’reｍorejoｂopportunitｉesｒeadiｌyavaｉlａｂleｉｎｂigｃｉtiｅsthaninaｓmalｌｔｏwn.Ｆuｒtheｒmoｒｅ,notｍerｅlyｔｈereaｒeｍorｅｊobposｉtionｓｉｎbｉgcitieｓ,ｔhequａlitiesoｆthepositｉｏnaｒｅmuchhｉgheraswell.Inaddiｔion,ｔhepayｉｓmoredeｃent.Ｓecｏnd,childｒenaresuppoｓedtｏｂeaｂletｏreｃeiveaneｄucatioｎｗithahigheｒquaｌitycomｐaｒｅdwiththｅｉrｃounｔerparｔswｈｏlｉveinａｓmａlｌtoｗn.Forfaｍilies,cｈildren’ｓeducａt(yī)ｉoｎisａlwａysｐuｔiｎｔｈefiｒｓtplaｃe．Finalｌy,lｉｖinginabigcｉtyhaｓaｓｕperioroveｒallliviｎgｓｔａndarｄtｏthatinａｓmalｌtown.Ｔherearemoreｃommoｄitｉesａnｄservｉcesｉnｃｉtｙｍａrkｅts;thereａｒｅmｏｒeｐｕｂlｉcutiliｔiesａｖailableinｂiｇｃities;theｒｅaｒeevenmuchｍoretelevｉsｉonchａnｎelsinbigcitｉeｓ．Ｈｏｗever,ｌivｉｎgｉnａsmalltｏwｎalsｏhassｏmeaｄvａntageｓ.Pｅｏplewｈｏliveｉnaｓmalｌtｏwnｏｆtenhaｖeamucｈｃoｍforｔablｅlifestyle.Ｍosｔoftｈemarｅimｍunefｒomsｕfferｉngｏfhighwｏrｋｉｎｇstreｓs．Altｈoughtheaveragｅｐａyismuchleｓsthanthaｔｏｆｂigcitieｓ,theprｉceofdaｉlynecesｓiｔｉｅs,suchasvegｅtablesormｅａt(yī),isusuａllymｏreiｎexpenｓiｖｅ.Iｎsｔeａdofsuffｅrｉｎglｏneｌinesｓwhicｈispreｖａlｅnｔｉｎbiｇciｔieｓ,ｃhildｒｅnmiｇhtgrowuｐmoｒeｈｅalthｉlyｂｅcauseofhaｒmoniousrelationｓhipamｏngrｅsidｅntｓinsmalｌｔｏwｎ．Peopleｉnaｓmaｌltowndonothaｖetogetuｐsoｅarｌyintｈeｍorninｇbecauｓetｈerｅhasbｅe(cuò)nnotraｆfiｃjam,aｎｄnobodydｒiveｓofastinａsmalltｏwnａsｔocaｕｓeａcｃidｅnts.Tｈｅyｍighthａｖefeｗerｃｈannelsintelevision,buttｈeyhavemorefｒieｎdsｒeaｄilｙavａilaｂletochatｏｒｅntertainｗｉth.Accoｒdinｇtomycurreｎtsｉtｕａt(yī)ioｎ,ａlthoｕghＩaｍlongingforｔｈeｃoｚｙatｍｏspｈereandrｅｌａｔionｓhipａmoｎgｎeiｇｈborsaｎdfｒieｎｄswhｉchalｍosｔonｌｙeｘiｓtinbiｇcities,IhaveｃｈoｓｅｎtoliveiｎonｅｏfｔhebiｇｇeｓtcｉtｉｅsinmｙcountrｙBeｉjing,sinceIhaｖefoundapｒeｔtygｏｏdjｏｂheｒe，andadecentpａy.IthinkIwｏuldｐreferlivingaｓmａlltownｗhenIgｅtreｔiredoneday.[392Ｗo(hù)ｒds]１7.Ｓomｅｐeｏplethiｎkthａt(yī)theyｃanlｅａrｎbetterbytheｍｓｅlｖｅsthanwｉthａt(yī)ｅacher.Othersthｉnｋtｈatitｉsalwaysｂetｔerｔｏhaveateachｅr.Whｉchdｏyoupｒefeｒ？Usespeｃificreａsoｎstoｄevｅloｐyouressay.Ｗhetherwｅneeｄateaｃhｅrornotdependsｏｎｃiｒcuｍstaｎces.Ｔhｅreｌatｉonshiｐbｅtｗeenateaｃherandaｎewsubjectｉssoｍewｈatsimilartotｈatbetweenatourgｕｉdｅandanunknowncｉty.Whenｗecｏmetoaｎunkｎoｗncitｙｆoｒthｅfｉrsｔtｉｍｅ,ｗｅｄefｉnitelyｎeedａt(yī)oｕｒguide.Wemｉghthaｖeａdetaｉlｅdmａp,butitisunlikeｌyｆｕnｃtional–itｉsn＇tsｕrprisedｔｈatwｅｃanhａrdlyinｔerpretｔhｏseｍｙｓteｒiｏuｓsymbols.Ｌikewise,wｈenwｅarebegiｎnｅｒｓ，itiｓwｉsｅtoleaｒnｗiｔhteａcheｒｓ.Theｙcantｅlｌuｓwｈｅreｔobeｇｉｎwith,whａt(yī)weshouldｄo,aｎｄwhicｈrｅferenceｗｅsｈouldchoose.Ｗhenwｅconｆrontｄｉfｆiｃulties,weｃａnaskthemfｏrhｅlp,aｎdtheirａｄvicｅswillalｗａｙsｂetremendouslyhｅlｐfｕl.Wｉthtｅacｈers'aｓsiｓtance，wｅmightｌearｎeasier，faｓtｅr,aｎｄmoreintereｓtiｎgｌy.Aftｅｒapｅrioｄoftｉｍe,wehａveleａrnedaｌoｔ．Wenowknowthecitｙpｒettｙwell,ｅveｎtｈoｕｇhtｈｅrestillareｍanyｐｌacｅswehaven'tｂeeｎ.Iｔｄoeｓn'ｔmaｔter．Nowｔhatｗeareaｂleｔoｒecoｇnｉzethosｅmysｔerioussymbｏｌsｏntｈｅmａp,wｈatweｎeedperhapsisnotatourguｉdebuｔamoｒedｅｔaiｌedmap.Simiｌａrly,weneedｒｉchｅｒｒeferenｃesforｌｅａrning.Ｙes，ｔｈｅreａrｅstillmａnｙfｉelｄsunexplored;theyａｒe，nｅvertｈeless,nolonｇerｐｕｚｚlinｇ.Thetａskiｓsimpｌe:wｅwｉｌlexplｏｒeｔhemｏnebyone,ｌiｔtlｅbylitｔｌｅ.Ｉｆweareworkiｎgonaｃｅrtainsｋｉll，practicemｏｒｅ;ifweaｒeprｅｐarｉｎｇatest，prａcticemore;whaｔeverｗeaｒｅｌearniｎg,jｕstｒemeｍbｅr，ｌikepeoplealwａyｓsay，practicemaｋeｓperｆect．Aftｅranotherperiodoftime,wemighthａvebecｏmeoｔｈｅrｓ＇toｕrguｉde，butｗesｔｉllwａnttoｋnowmoｒe.Ｗewaｎttoｋnoｗwｈiｃｈrestaurantisthemostｄecenｔ,whiｃｈbｏｏｋstｏｒeistｈｅmostpｒofessioｎaｌ,whichｃｏffeeｓｈopiｓtｈｅmoｓtｃlasｓicａl.Ｅventheｍｏpreheｎsivemａpdｏｅｓn＇thaveadｅqｕaｔｅinfｏｒmａt(yī)ｉon．Ｗeaｇaｉｎneｅdeｘperts.Iｎlｅarning,it'smucｈtheｓame.Weｎeeｄexpｅrｔstｏconsｕltfｏrｓpeｃifｉcproｂlems.Fuｒtｈermｏre，thｅmostbｅｎefｉｃialmerｉtofconsuｌｔingexｐerｔsisthａｔwｅcannｏｔｍerｅｌyrefertotｈｅmｂuｔｅvｅndisｃusswｉthｔｈemindepｔh.Ａsisoｆteｎthecａse，asｏｌｕtionfｏraｃoｍpｌeｘmaｔterisnotwaitｉngｆｏruｓrighttｈｅrｅａｎdtｈen,someｔｉmeｓitcｏmeｓoutofiｎｓpiｒaｔｉｏｎsofdｉscussiｏn.Insｈoｒt，havingaｇooｄｔeacheｒisaｌwayｓbｅttｅrthａnhavinｇｎoｎe,buttheiｍpoｒｔanceofateacheｒｖarieｓfromｐｅｒｉodtopｅriod,fｒｏｍstａｇetｏｓtagｅ.[４0０Words]2１.Iｎgeｎerａl,peoｐleaｒeliｖinglongｅrnoｗ.Disｃussｔhecａusｅsoftｈｉｓｐhenomenoｎ.Ａｍongvａｒiｏusfactｏrsthatcｏntributeｔoｔoｄaｙ'sｌongeｖiｔyoｆｐeopleaｒｅthｒeemostｏbｖiouｓonｅs：theimprｏｖｅmｅｎtoffoodcｏnｄｉtioｎｓ,theｄeveloｐmentoｆmodｅｒnｍedicaltｅcｈnolｏgy,andfinallyｃuｒrｅｎtｓtabｉliｔyofecｏnomyｉｎｏurcoｕntry.Foｏdｃｏｎdｉtionsａrebeｔterｔhanｂeforeaｎdaｒesｔｉlｌbｅinｇdevｅloｐｅdwｉthaｒapiｄpace．Fｉrｓtofall,ｆoｏｄｓaｒemorｅｈygiｅnic.Ｐｅｏｐlｅtodayｄｒiｎｋunｔainｔｅdｍiｎerａlwatｅr,steriｌizedskimmiｌｋ,ｗhichaｒｅcｈeaplysupplｉedinｓuｐermaｒkｅts．Ｆurthｅｒｍore,foｏｄｓareｍoｒｅnutrient．Noｔtｏｍeｎtｉｏnvaｒiｏuscareｆullydesiｇnedｎutrientprodｕcts,peｏpｌｅcaｎjｕstｉgｎｏrethepossｉbiｌｉtyｏfｂeingdystrｏphic,inthatｔheycａnｋeepnuｔrieｎtbalancebysimplyｔａkingachｅappiｌlｏfｖｉtaｍiｎcｏmｐｏuｎdｅverｙdaｙ.Anｏtｈeressentialimprｏｖｅmenttｈatcontrｉｂutｅｓtｏpeople'slongevityisswiｆtlｙdevelopｉnｇｍeｄiｃaltechｎｏlogy．Developmeｎtofmoderntecｈnologyhaｓａｌｗaｙsbeenamaziｎg.Ｃｅrtaindiseaｓessuchaｓtubeｒculosis,pnｅｕmoniａ,anddysenterｙareｎoweasｙtｏremedｙwｉｔｈlｏwexpenses,bｕｔinthepａsｔ，ｔｈbａblｙletｈalones.Ｔｈｅdentａlteｃhnolｏｇyｓｅe(cuò)msdevｅlopeｄlｉttｌeexcepｔｉtsexorｂiｔantlycｈａrgedbill,yｅｔｔhesiｍｐｌesｔｔechnｏｌogycｏｎtribｕｔesｔopeｏpｌｅ'slｏngevitｙmoｓt．Itisnｏtｄiｆficｕlttｏimaginethatｉfaninｄiviｄuａlwhoｌiｖediｎthepasｔｇotatoothａche，ｗithｏutceｒtaｉnｄeｎtalcarewhｉｃhiscｏｍmoｎtｏｄａy,heｗascｅrｔaiｎｌyinanawfulproｓｐect:hｅmｉｇhtevendｉeofatoothaｃｈｅ!Currentsoｃiｅｔalａｎｄeconｏmicstaｂiｌizatiｏnisａlsoaveｒyinｄｉspｅnｓaｂｌefａｃtｏr.Peopｌehavelesspｒeｓsureｉnamoresｔablesocｉｅtｙ,thelｅsspreｓｓuretｈeｙｓufｆeｒ,thｅｈealｔhieｒｔheyａre．Ｔｏday＇ｓｉdealsｔａｂilizatｉoneveｎｐrovidesｐeoplｅａnｏpportuniｔytoｓｅｃurｅthｅｉrｆｕｔuｒe–buｙiｎsurances.Vａｒioustyｐesｏfinｓurancesａrｅｒｅａdｉlｙaｖailable，ｗhicｈｍakepeｏpｌefｅｅｌｓaｆｅ,ａnｄhａvｅtｏaｌargｅe(cuò)xteｎｔrｅdｕcedpｅｏｐle＇anxｉetｉes,aｎdtherefｏrｅindirectlyｃonｔｒｉbutesignifｉcantlytｏlongevityofpeople.［２７4Ｗｏｒds]２4.Aｐｅrsｏnyoｕｋnoｗisｐlaｎningtｏmoveｔｏyourtｏwnｏrciｔy.Wｈatdoyouthiｎkthispersｏnwouldｌiｋｅaｎddislikｅａboｕtliviｎgｉnyouｒtownorｃitｙ？Why.ＩfmyfriｅndJoeywantｓtomoｖｅtoBeｉｊing,Iｔhinkｓheｗilldｅfｉnｉtｅｌylikｅｔhｉsｇreateｓtcityｉｎｏurcｏｕntry,evｅnthoｕｇhshemightfindsometｈingsｈｅｄiｓlikｅs．Theweａt(yī)ｈermigｈｔｂｅoｎetｈingthａt(yī)ｓhedｉsliｋｅs.Thewｅａt(yī)herinBeｉｊｉnｇisｃｈaraｃｔｅrizeｄbydｒyｃｌｉmatｅaｎｄｉｔismucｈwindｙanｄdｕｓtythａnthatofGuangｚhｏucｉty.Jｏeyiｓvｅryseｎsitｉveabouｔｈerskin，soshewｉｌｌｄｅfiｎitelyhatｅｄustywinｄsinBeiｊｉnｇ．Moreovｅｒ,Bｅijｉnｇ'swinterisfａｒtoomｕchｃolderthanthaｔofGuａngｚhｏu,iｔmighttakeJｏeｙ,asｍａnｙｏtherpeoplecamefｒomtheSｏuth,ａｖeｒｙloｎgtimetogetacｃuｓｔomｅdｔo.Ｎeｖertｈelｅss,sheｍｉghtwelleｎｊoywｉnterintheNoｒth,sinｃeshehaｓｎｅverseensnowflakｅｓｉｎrealｉtｙ.IrｅｍｅmberedthesｈｉninｇｏfyearningａnｄeaｇerinhｅreyeｓwｈｅnIoncｅtoldｈerwｈatwintersｉntheNoｒtｈｌooklike.ShemightｂealwａysｉrritateｄbyheａvyｔrafficｉnBeijing,thoughtａxisinBeijinｇcosｔｍｕｃhlessthaｎinGｕanｇzｈｏｕ．WhenIwasinGuanｇzhｏu,sｅｌdomwasＩtrapｐｅdbytrafficjams.Itmustｂeridiｃulousｆorｈertohaｖeｓpentmoｒeｔhantwohourｓandstilｌdｉdｎ＇ｔarrｉveａt(yī)thedestｉnatｉonwhicｈismｅｒely１0-kｉlometeraway．Ａｎdtｈemｏstludicrｏusthiｎgis,ｅvenifyｏｕｐoｓsｅsｓapriｖatｅｃaｒ,itiｓmoｒelikｅｌｙtobeｕseless，forｐarｋiｎglotsａrealｗayscｒｏwded，whｉchmeansmoreｔiｍeistoｂｅwasｔed.OnegoodnewsfｏrｈｅｒｉsthaｔthebｕssystemaｎｄsubwaｙsｙsｔeminBｅiｊinｇarewelｌdｅｖelopedandｍｏrｅconvｅnient,ａｎｄａneｖenmoredｅlightｏnｅisthａt(yī)sｈeｗon'thavｅtｏbeaｒthａt(yī)ｏdorofbromhiｄrosisｏwingｔoburnｉngwｅatherassｈｅｏnceexperiencedｉnbｕsesofGuangzhou．Whatｓｈewilldefinitelyloveistheculｔuｒaｌethosoｆthecity．BeijinｇhasahｉstｏrｙprobａblyｌｏnｇertｈaｎanyothｅrbigcｉtｙinChｉna．ＴovisitalｌhｉｓtoｒiｃallaｎｄｓcaｐesiｎBeiｊing,shewilｌneeｄatleａstthr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