英語語法AttributiveClause定語從句

概念先行詞：被定語從句所修飾的名詞關(guān)系代詞:引導(dǎo)定語從句，代替先行詞在從句中作主語或賓語

thatwhowhomwhosewhichasbut代人或物,作賓可略,不引導(dǎo)非限定從代人,作主語,有時(shí)可代whom代人，作賓語，常在介詞后人/物的，作定語修飾名詞代物，作賓可略，常引導(dǎo)非限定從代人/物,與thesame,so,such

連用相當(dāng)于who…not,that…not第1頁/共16頁第一頁，共17頁。關(guān)系副詞：引導(dǎo)定從，在從句中狀語

where(place)=in/atwhich

when(time)=in/onwhich

why(cause)=forwhich第2頁/共16頁第二頁，共17頁。代物：只用

that

的場(chǎng)合

1.先行詞為不定代詞：

all,any,anything,nothing,everything,much,little,whatelse

Ihopethelittle

thathasbeendonewilldoyousomegood.

Whatelse

thatisimportantshouldbedoneontopofthis?

2.先行詞前有all,no,any,much,little,修飾:

Allthebooksthathavebeenofferedtomeareinterestingandinstructive.第3頁/共16頁第三頁，共17頁。

3.先行詞前有序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)修飾：

Thesecondwatchthatwasboughtisnowmissing.ShootingBasketisthebestfilmthathasbeenshownthisyear.

4.先行詞前only,very,right,just

有修飾:

Thisistheverybook(that)Iamafter.

5.在which

引導(dǎo)的問句中:

Whichofthebuildingsthatarebeingbuiltwillbethedepartmentstore?

6.先行詞同時(shí)為人和物：

Inhisspeechhereferredtosomepeopleandthings

thatwerehelpfultohim.第4頁/共16頁第四頁，共17頁。代物：只用which

1.介詞提到引導(dǎo)詞之前：

Wewillpayavisittothefactoryin

whichhisfatherworks.

2.引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句：

Shetookthebookaway,whichwasveryamusing.(whichthebook)Theboyfailedtopassthemathstestasecondtime,whichmadehisparentsfrustrated.(whichthewholething)第5頁/共16頁第五頁，共17頁。代人：只用that1.在who

引導(dǎo)的問句中:

Whoisthepersonthatistalkingtoourheadteacher?Who

thatiskindwilldosuchathing?

2.在從句中作表語

Tomhaschangedalotandisnotthemanthatheusedtobe.第6頁/共16頁第六頁，共17頁。

介詞＋

which

的場(chǎng)合

1.place+at/inwhich=where

Thisisthespotatwhich

/whereIfirstmethim.Theroominwhich

/whereshelivesisonthefifthfloor.

aroundbehindthroughfrombesideinfrontofunder2.place+不等于

where第7頁/共16頁第七頁，共17頁。

Doyouremembertheclassroominfrontof

whichstandsabigtree?Sheworksinacompanyaround

whicharemanyplacesofamusement.

atinonduring3.time+

which=when

ThedayIwillneverforgetistheoneonwhich

/whenIjoinedtheLeague.Gonearethedaysduringwhich

/whentheChinesewerelookeddownupon.第8頁/共16頁第八頁，共17頁。

until/tillsinceafterbefore

4.time+

which不等于when

ImetJackin1998,since

which(time)Ihaveneverseenhim.Iwokeupattwelvelastnight,until

which(time)myfatherdidn’treturn.

whythat(adv.)

不用

5.reason+forwhich=

Thereason(which)heexplained(forwhich/why/that)hehadbeenabsentwasthathehadbeentakenill.第9頁/共16頁第九頁，共17頁。代人物的，用whose

Tomistheboywhose

handwritingisthebestintheclass.Canyouseethehousewhose

windowsarebroken?

the+n+ofwhich/whomofwhich/whom+the+n

whose+n=

Theroom,whosedoor

/thedoorofwhichispaintedblue,isours.Thegirl,ofwhomthevoice

/whosevoiceissweet,isathomeinsinging.第10頁/共16頁第十頁，共17頁。time,way先行，常不用

Bythetime(when/that)hecomes,wewillhavefinishedthetask.Each/Everytimetheymet,theywouldhaveaquarrel.Thisisthetimeheoftencomes.Thisisthewayhedidit.第11頁/共16頁第十一頁，共17頁。

as

與…一樣的

that

就是那個(gè)…

thesame+n+

Heisthesameperson______offeredyouagreatdealofhelp.Shegavethesameanswertothequestion_____youdid.Thisisthesamepen___________Ilosttheotherday.

that

as(as/that)第12頁/共16頁第十二頁，共17頁。

as(

定從,as作成分)

that(

狀從,that不作成分)

so+adj./adv.+such+n+

Thestorywassomoving_______everyonepresentwasmovedtotearsbyit.Itwassomovingastory______everyonepresentwasmovedtotearsby.Walkingissuchagoodformofexercise____ispopularwithboththeoldandyoung.Walkingissuchagoodformofexercise_____itispopularwithboththeoldandyoung.Englishissuchausefulsubject______wemustlearnwell.

that

that

as

as

as第13頁/共16頁第十三頁，共17頁。

but=who/that…not

Nobodyknowshimbutrespectshim.Thereisnoneofusbuthopestosuc