2023年沖擊波專四聽(tīng)寫合集

Ｐａsｓaｇe1PｒｏfｅssorBumblePrｏfｅsｓoｒBumbleisｎｏtｏnlyａbｓeｎt-minｄedbutshort－ｓighｔｅdasｗell./Ｈismｉnｄisalｗaysｂusywithlearnedｔhouｇhtsaｎdｈeseｌdoｍnｏticesｗhaｔisｇoingoｎａrouｎdhim.／Onaｆinedaｙreceｎｔｌyhewentforａwalkiｎｔheｃouｎｔrysiｄe./Butasａlｗａｙshereadtheｂookashewaｌkeｄ./Hehａｄn＇tgoｎｅｆarｗhｅｎheｒaｎintｏaｌargecｏwaｎdfeｌlｄｏwn./Hehadloｓthisspeｃｔaclesinthefａlｌ,andhｅtｈｏｕgｈthehaｄstｕmｂｌeｄoｖerafaｔlady./＂Ibｅｇyourpａrdｏn，ｍadａm，"hesａidpolitelｙbeforesearchiｎｇforhisglａｓses.／Ａsｓoonashehadputｔheｇlassｅson,ｈerealizedｈｉsmiｓｔａkｅ./Soｏnheｗascｏncentrａt(yī)iｎgonhｉsbookagaｉnaｎdpａｙinｇｎoaｔtｅｎtiｏntｏanｙtｈｉngelse．/Hehａｄｓcarcｅlybｅｅnｗaｌkingforｆiveｍｉｎｕteswｈenheｆelｌｏveragaｉｎ,/losingbｏthｈisｂookandhisglasseｓ．/Tｈistｉｍehebecameｖｅrｙａnｇry./Sｅizinghisumbrellas，ｈesｔruckthe"cow＂iｎanger.／Theｎ,afterｆiｎｄiｎghisglasses,hｅrealiｚedwitｈhorrｏrtｈatｈehadmａｄｅasecondmistaｋｅ./Ａlaｒgｅfａt(yī)womanwasrunｎinｇawayfｒomhｉｍintｅｒrｏr./Passage２TeａｍworｋTeaｍｗoｒｋisjustａｓimpｏrtanｔinscienｃｅ/asitisontheplａyiｎｇｆieldorinthegｙｍ．/Scientificｉnvestiｇationｓareaｌｍosｔalｗayscaｒriｅdoutbyteａmsofpeｏpｌewｏrｋiｎｇｔoｇｅther./Idｅasareshaｒed,eｘperｉmeｎｔsareｄesｉｇｎed，ｄａt(yī)aareａｎaｌyｚｅｄ,/ａndresuｌｔsａreｅvａlｕatedandsｈaredwithoｔheｒinｖeｓtigaｔors./Groｕｐworkｉsｎecessarｙａnｄｉsｕsualｌymorｅproｄuｃtivethaｎwｏrkｉngaｌone.／Ｓｅveｒaltimesthｒoughoutｔheyｅaryouｍaｙｂｅａskedｔoｗｏrkｗithoneｏrmoreofｙｏurclassmates./Ｗｈatｅverｔhｅｔaskyｏurｇroupｉsassｉｇnｅd,/ａｆewrｕｌeｓｎeeｄtobefｏllowedtoｅnsｕｒeapｒoduｃｔivｅandsucceｓsｆuleｘpeｒience/Ｗhaｔcｏmｅsfirsｔｉstokeepａｎｏpｅｎmｉｎｄ/beｃausｅｅｖeryone'sideasdｅseｒvecｏnｓideratｉon/andｅachgrｏupmｅmbercanｍakeｈiｓorheｒowncｏntrｉｂutiｏｎ./Seｃoｎｄly,itmakesajobｅasiｅrｔodivｉdｅtheｇroｕｐtaｓｋamｏｎgaｌlｇroupｍemｂerｓ．／Tｈirdly,aｌwaysworｋtoｇeｔhｅｒ，tａkｅturns,aｎdencourageｅachotherｂylｉsteniｎg，clariｆｙinｇａnｄtrustingoneａｎothｅr./Mutuａlsupportandtrustｏftenmａｋeagreatdｉffeｒencｅ./Ｐａｓsａｇｅ3ＭｉsｔaｋｅｓAreGｏodＴeachersAfteｒthebirｔhofｍysecoｎdchild，Igotajoｂataresｔaurａｎｔ.Havingworkedwithａneｘpeｒｉｅnｃedwaiｔressfｏrafewｄays，Iwaｓallowedtowaittabｌｅsｏｎmyown.ＷhｅnSaturdaｙnｉgｈtｃame,Iwasluckilygiventhetablesnｏtfarｆromthekiｔchen.Howｅver,Istillfeltalｉttlehａrdｔoｃａrrytｈeheavytrａys.ＳoIｍoｖｅdslｏwlｙ,minｄingeverystep.ＩｒeｍemberｈowhapｐyIｗaswｈenIsawｔｈetrayｓtandingnｅxｔthetables.IｔlookｅｄｄifferentfromｔｈｅoneIｗasｔｒainedon.Ithａdnicｅｈandleswhichmaｄeｉteasiertomovｅarｏuｎd.ＩwaspleaseｄwitheverythingandbegａntobeｌieveIwasanａt(yī)uralatthisjob.Then，ａnoldmａnｃaｍｅｔｏmeaｎdsaidthaｔwashiｓwifｅ’swalker．Ｉstooｄfrｏｚeｎasiｃe，butmyfacｅwａsonfire．Sincetｈｅn,Ihaveleaｒnedｔobemorecarefuｌａndｎottobｅtｏｏsureofｍysｅｌf．Passaｇｅ4TiｍeHaｓｔhePoｗertoChangeAttiｔｕｄeLastweek,mｙyoungesｔsonandIvisiｔedmyfatherathiｓｎeｗhome．Ｍyeaｒlｉestｍemoｒiesofmyfatheraｒeｏfａt(yī)aｌl,ｈandsoｍe,sucｃesｓfulmaｎdｅvoteｄtoｈisｗorkaｎdfａmｉｌyｂｕｔuncoｍｆortabｌｅwithｈiｓcｈildreｎ.ＡsachilｄＩｌovedhim；asascｈoｏlｇirlandyｏｕngａdult,Ｉfｅaredhimａndfeｌtbiｔteraｂoｕthiｍ.Ｏntheｆｉｒstdａyofmｙvisiｔ,ｗediｄｓomｅshopping，ateonｔｈestreｅｔtａbｌe,andｌaｕｇheｄovｅrｍyson’sfｕnnyfacｉaleｘpressｉｏns.Gonewasmｙfａt(yī)heｒ’sｃｒiｔiｃalaｉrandｓｔrictｒuleｓ．WhowasthispｅｒsonIknｅwaｓmyfａｔｈｅｒ,wｈｏsｅｅmedsofｒiｅndlyａndinteresｔｉｎgｔｏｂearｏund？Tｈeneｘtday,mydadpullｅdｏｕtｈischilｄhooｄpictｕreｓaｎdtｏldmequiteafeｗstｏriesａbouｔhisownｃhｉldｈood．Althouｇhouｒtimestｏgeｔherbecａmeeasieroveｒtheyears,Ineverfelｔclosettohimatthatmoｍｅｎt.Afteｒｓomaｎyyｅars,I’ｍatlaｓｔseｅｉnｇanoｔｈersｉdeofｍyfａｔheｒ.Passagｅ5ExpｅriencesSpeaｋＴｈerｅaｒeｍanydiffereｎtｗayｓofseeinｇatownfortｈｅｆirsｔtime.Ｏneｏfthｅmisｔowalkａrｏuｎdｉt,guideｂookinhaｎd.Ｏfcoｕrse，wemaysｔudyｗｉtｈoｕrguiｄｅｂｏoｋsｔｈehistoryandspeｃialdevelopｍentｓoｆatｏwnａnｄgｅttｏｋnowｔheｍ.Ｂｕｔthen，ｉｆwｅtaｋｅouttｉmeandsｔａyinaｔownｆｏｒaｗｈile,wｅmaygettｏknowitbetｔｅr.Whenwelｏokitasａwhole,wｅbｅｇｉntoｈａvesomequeｓtioｎs，whicheｖｅnthebesｔｇuidebｏoksｄonotａnswｅr．Whｙisｔheｔownjｕｓｔliｋeｔｈｉｓ,thｉsshape,thispｌａｎ,thissizｅ?Hereeｖｅｎthｅbestｇuiｄe-bookｆaiｌsuｓ.Ｗecan’ｔfinｄinitthｅiｎformaｔionａboｕｔhowatoｗnｈasdeｖeｌｏpedｔｏｔｈepreseｎtaｐpeａｒａnce.However,ｗemaygeｔsｏmeｉdeａofｗhatｉｔｕｓｅdtoloｏｋlikeｂywalｋingａｒｏuｎdtheｔown．Apersonalvｉsittoａt(yī)owｎｍayheｌpoｎｅｂettｅrunｄerstandｗhyitisattracｔiｖethanjｕsｔreａdiｎgａbｏutiｔinaguideｂoｏk.Passage６RepresentativesｏfCiviliｚatioｎ：PotteｒyＡｎcｉeｎtpｅoｐｌemadｅclaypotｔerybecauｓetheｙneｅｄeditfortｈeirsurｖival.Theyusedｔｈepotstheyｍadeｆｏrcooking,storｉｎｇｆoｏｄ,andcarｒｙingthiｎgsfromplａcetoplace．Pｏｔterywassoiｍportanttoearlycｕlｔuresthａｔｓcｉｅntistsｎowｓtudyittolearnmoｒeaｂｏｕtanciｅnｔcivｉlizations.Tｈｅｍorｅａｄｖaｎcedｔｈｅｐoｔteryiｎｔermｓoｆdecorａt(yī)ｉon，materiａｌs,glａｚesaｎdmanufａcture，themoreadvaｎcｅｄｔｈecｕlturｅｉtseｌf.TheartisanwhoｍaｋespottｅrｙinNorｔｈAmｅrｉcatodayｕtiliｚesｈisorherskiｌlaｎdiｍagiｎatｉｏｎtocrｅateiteｍsｔhａt(yī)arebeａutifulaｓwellasal,ｔrａnsｆｏｒmｉnｇsoｍethｉngｏｒｄinaryiｎtoｓoｍｅtｈinｇspｅcｉalａndunｉｑue．TｈeｐｏｔterusｅsｏneｏftheEａrth'ｓｍostbaｓｉcmａt(yī)erｉaｌs,claｙ.Cｌaycaｎbeｆｏunｄalmostanywｈeｒe.Goodpｏtterｙｃlaｙmustbefｒeefroｍallｓｍaｌlstｏneｓandoｔhｅｒhａｒdmateriaｌstｈatｗoｕldmａｋｅtｈeｐoｔtiｎgproceｓｓdｉｆfｉcult.Ｔhemｏstimpoｒtanｔtoolｓpｏtｔersuseaｒetheirowｎhａnds;ｈoｗｅvｅr,tｈeyａlsousewｉｒelooptools,woodeｎmodeliｎgtｏｏls,ｐlainｗire,aｎdsponｇes.Passaｇe7Ｗo(hù)rdsＣanMakeaDifferｅｎceOｎA(yù)ugｕst2６,1999,ＮeｗＹoｒkＣitywasｓtruｃkｂｙateｒriblｅrainsｔormdｕｒingｔhｅmｏrnｉngｒｕｓhｈouｒthatcauseｄｔhesｔｒeｅtstoｆｌｏod．Manypeoｐleｗｈoｗeｒｅgｏｉnｇｔoｗorkwereｆorｃｅdｔｏgohome.Ｓomebatｔledtoｃallatａxi,gｅtabusｏrwalkmiｌeｓtoｇetｔowork.Ｉsooｎdiscｏvｅredmoｓｔofthesｕbwayliｎｅsｈadstｏｐｐeｄsｅrvｉｃe.Ifinaｌlyｆouｎｄａnｏperａt(yī)inｇline,butｔherｅwｅreｓoｍaｎypeｏｐlethatＩcoｕｌdn’tiｎitｉallygｅtｔotheplatｆorｍ.Finally,Igoｔtomyoｆfiｃe，wetｔhｒougｈ,ａndexhaustｅｄ.Aｆｔeｒanuneｎjoｙablyｄay,Gａrth,myDｉｒectoｒ,senｔane-mａiltoevｅｒyｏnｅ:“Ｔｈankstｏeveryonewhoｒeporｔedtowｏrk．Itisaｌwａysrｅassurｉngｗhｅnempｌoyｅe(cuò)sshoｗtheirｄｅvｏtｉonｔoｔｈｅｉrjobs．Tｈankｙou．”Gａrｔh’sｅmａilwａsshｏrt，butwｅlcomed.Itmａdemeｒeaｌizethateｖｅnwｈentiｍｅｓaretouｇh,ａfewwordscａｎmakeaｂigｄｉffeｒeｎce.Pａssage8FａｉｒyTalesTalesofｔhesupｅｒnａｔｕｒaｌarecｏｍmｏninallpaｒtsofＢritain．Inｐａrticulａr,therewasabｅｌieｆinfaiｒｉｅｓ.Nｏｔaｌｌoｆｔhｅsｅｆaiｒiｅｓarｅthｅfrienｄly,ｐeｏpｌｅ－loｖiｎｇsprｉｔｅsｔhataｐｐearinDisｎeyfilms,aｎdinsoｍeｆolktａlesthｅyarecｒuelandcausemｕｃhhuｍanｓuffｅring.ＴｈiｓistruｅinthetalｅsａbouttｈeChａnｇｅlinｇ.Tｈｅｓｅteｌltｈｅｓｔoryoｆaｍoｔｈerwhosebabｙgroｗssｉckａｎdpaleanｄhａsｃhangeｄsomｕｃｈｔhatitiｓａlmosｔunrecognizablｅtothｅparｅｎｔs.Ｉtｗasthenｆearedｔｈａt(yī)thefairieshadcomｅａndstｏlenthｅbabyawａyａndreplacｅdthehｕmａｎbabｙｗithafaiｒyChangeling．Inｔhoｓecaｓesthｅrｅwasｏftｅｎawaytogetthereaｌｂabyback.YｏｕcouldplaceｔｈeＣhａngeｌiｎgonｔhefｉrｅ--thｅnitwoulｄrｉseuｐthｅｃhimney，andyouwｏuldhｅａrｔhｅsｏundoffairｉeｓ’laugｈterａnｄsｏonafteryｏｕwouｌｄｆiｎdyoｕrowｎchｉlｄsafeandsoundｎearby.Pａssaｇｅ9Ｓelf-IｍagｅSelf-imagｅisyouｒownｍind’spictuｒeofyourself．Ｔhｉsｉmageincluｄesthｅwayyｏuｌook,thｅwａyyouacｔ,thewayyoutalkaｎdthewaｙyoｕtｈinｋ.Ｉnterｅｓtingly,ourself-imagｅｓareofｔenquitedｉffereｎｔfrｏｍtheiｍａｇesotｈerｓholdａｂoutus．Uｎｆｏｒtuｎatelｙ,mostofｔｈeｓeiｍagｅsareｍorenegatｉvetｈanｔheyshoulｄbe.Thuschａｎginｇthｅwayyouｔhiｎkａｂｏuｔyourseｌfisｔhekeｙtochanｇingyourｓｅlf-iｍａｇeaｎdyoｕrwｈolewoｒld.Iｔmｉghｔbethatyouareexperｉｅnｃｉｎganｅgatiｖｅｓｅlf－imａｇｅｂeｃauseyoucan’ｔmovepastｏnefｌaworweaknesｓthatyｏuｓeeabｏutｙourseｌｆ.Well,roｌｌｕpyoｕrsleeｖesaｎｄｍakeachanｇｅoｆitａsyｏuｒｐrimａryｔａsｋ.Ｔhｅｂesｔwａytoｇetridｏｆaｎeｇativesｅrｆ-iｍageistoreａlizｅtｈａt(yī)ｙoｕriｍａgｅiｓfarfｒｏmｏbjectiｖe,andtｏａctivelｙｃonvinceｙourｓeｌfofyourｐｏsitivequalities．Chａnginｇthｅwayyoｕthiｎkandworkｉｎgｏnthose,youｗｉllgoａlongｗａytｏwａｒdspromotingaｐoｓitivｅself-ｉmaｇe.Ｐａsｓａge１0ShopahｏｌicｓＴheworｄaｄdiｃtiｏnuｓuallｙmakesｙouｔhinkｏfａlcohｏloｒdｒugs,butinmｏderｎ-dａyｓoｃietyｗeａreseeiｎgｓomenｅwkindsofａddictｉons.Soｍepeoplｅaｒeｃｏmpulsiveshｏppers.Oｔhersfinditｉmposｓibletｏpullｔhｅｍselveｓaｗａyｆｒoｍthｅｉｒｗork．StilｌoｔhｅrｓspｅｎdcｏｕnｔlｅsｓhoｕrswatchｉｎgTVorplａｙｉnｇcｏmpｕtｅｒｇａｍeｓ.Overtｈｅｙeａrs，shｏppinghａsbｅcｏmeａvｅrycomｍｏnaｃtivｉｔｙ.Mａｎypeｏpleｅnjoyｇoiｎgtomaｌlsorstoresmoreandmoreevｅryｄay，ｂutit’smorethanacｏmmｏnhoｂbyforsoｍeoｆthem.Theyhaveｔuｒｎeｄintｏｓhopaholics.Theyａrｅpeｏplewhｏsｉmplyenjｏｙｓhｏppｉｎgandwaｌkingaｒｏuｎdspenｄｉnｇｍｏneywiｔｈｏｕtbeiｎgaｂletｏstopdoingiｔ.Ｔｈeyarehookedonshoppingaｎdusualｌyｂuyｔhiｎgsthattheyｄon’tｎeed．Ｅｖenｔhoｕgｈthｅydoｎ’ｔｈａvｅe(cuò)ｎoughmｏney，thｅybuyeverythｉngtｈｅｙｗant.Whydｏtheｙhavethiｓaｄdｉctioｎ？Tｈｅreｉsn’taspecificanswｅr.Somepeｏplｅgoshopｐｉngwhentheyaresad,wｏrｒied，ｕpｓeｔoｒｌonｅlｙ.Ｓomeｅventendtohavetｈisaddicｔｉonwhentheyfeｅlｇuilty.Passagｅ11TimeＭanａｇemｅntTｉｍeissomethingfrｏmwhｉchwecaｎ’tescaｐe.Evｅnｉfweignoreit，it’ssｔiｌｌｇoiｎgｂy,ｔickingaｗay，secｏｎdbysecｏnd,ｍinutebyminuｔe,hｏurbyhour.Ｓoｔheｍaiｎissｕeinusingyourｔimeｗellis,“Who’sincｈａrｇe?”Wｅcanａｌｌoｗｔimeｔｏｓｌipｂyandｌetｉtｂeourｅｎｅｍｙ.Ｏｒｗecａｎtakecｏntroｌoｆitａｎdmakeitouralｌy.Ｂｙtakinｇcｏｎｔrolofｈowyouｓｐenｄyourtime,you’llincreaｓｅｙｏｕrchancesoｆbｅcｏmingamoｒｅｓuccｅsｓfulstudent．Ｐerhaｐsmorｅiｍｐｏrtantly，thebｅｔteｒyoｕareatmａｎaginｇtｈetimeyoudevoｔetoyoursｔudies，tｈemoreｔimeｙouwiｌlｈaｖeｔosｐendｏｎyouroutｓiｄeinteresｔs.Theaimoftimemanａgementiｓnｏttosｃｈｅduleｅverｙmomentsowebecoｍeslａｖesoｆatimeｔａblｅｔhaｔgovernseverｙwaｋingmｏｍｅntoftheday.Inｓｔead,theaｉmistｏmａkｅｉnformｅｄcｈoicesastｏhowｗeuseｏurtｉme.Passagｅ12ChａrityＳｈopｓＴｈｅchariｔｙsｈｏpisａBritisｈiｎstitution,seｌlingeveｒythｉngfrｏmclothｅｓtoeｌectｒｉｃgｏoｄs,ａlｌａt(yī)veryｇｏodpriceｓ.Yｏucangetthingsyouwon'tfindinｔhｅshoｐsａnｙmorｅ．TｈｅｔhingIｌikeｂesｔaｂｏuｔｔｈeｍisthatｙourmoneyisｇoiｎgtｏaｇｏoｄcａuｓeａnｄnoｔiｎtｏｔhepoｃkｅtｓofprｏfit-dｒivｅncompanｉes,andyouａrenotdamaginｇｔhepｌａneｔ，bｕtfｉndinganｅwhomefｏruｎwaｎtedgoodｓ．Mｏstｏfthepｅｏplewｏｒkiｎｇｉnｔｈechariｔyshoｐsarevoluntｅe(cuò)rs，ａltｈoughtｈｅrｅiｓoftｅｎamanaｇerwhｏgetspaid.Ｏｖｅr9０%oftheｇｏｏdsｉnthechａritysｈopｓaredonaｔedｂyｔheｐｕblic．Thesｈopshavｅvｅｒyloｗrunnｉｎgcosts:alｌprofiｔsgotocｈaritywｏrk.Chaｒｉtyshｏpｓrａisemorethａｎ￡11０millｉonaｙｅar，fｕndingｍedｉcａlreｓｅａrcｈ,ｏｖersｅasaid,ｓｕpportｉｎgｓickaｎdpoorcｈiｌdreｎ,homeｌesｓａndｄｉsaｂledpeople，aｎdmｕchｍoｒe.Passage13PａssivｅLeａｒnｉngＷecanachｉｅvekｎowledｇeeithｅractivelyorpasｓｉvelｙ．Weachｉeveitａctiveｌybyｄiｒecｔexperiencｅ,ｂyteｓtingaｎｄproviｎgａniｄea,oｒbyreasoning.Wｅaｃhieｖｅkｎowledｇepａｓsiveｌybｙbeiｎgtｏldｂysｏmｅoneelsｅ.MostofｔheｌearnｉnｇtｈattａｋesｐlaceintheclasｓｒｏｏmａndthekinｄthathaｐpenswｈｅnwｅｗaｔcｈＴVorrｅadｎewｓpａpersｏｒｍagazｉｎesispassive．Cｏｎditｉｏｎｅｄasweaｒetopassｉveｌeaｒｎｉng，it'snｏtｓuｒprisingtｈatwedｅｐenｄonitinoｕrｅverydａycomｍｕnicatiｏｎwithfriｅndsａndco-wｏrkerｓ.Ｕnｆortuｎａt(yī)ely，pａsｓｉvｅlearnｉｎghasaseriｏuｓｐroｂleｍ.Itmaｋesustenｄｔoaccepｔwhａt(yī)wｅaｒｅtoldｅvenwheniｔisｌitｔlemoretｈanhearｓayａｎdrumor.Thaｔ'swｈathaｐpｅnsiｎdailylife.Ｔhesiｍpｌeｆａctthatｐeoplｅｒeｐｅａt(yī)asｔｏryｉntheiｒoｗnｗoｒｄsｃhａngesthｅｓｔorｙ．Theｎ,ｔｏｏ,moｓtpeoｐｌeliｓｔeｎｉmperfｅctly.Anｄｍanyeｎjoyaddｉnｇtｈeiｒoｗncreaｔivetｏuchtoastｏrｙ,tryｉngｔoimproｖeoｎｉt,stamｐinｇｉtwithｔheiｒoｗｎpersonalsｔｙle.Yetthosｅwhoheａｒitｔhｉnktｈeyknow．Passage14Different“Stｙles”ｏfDiｒectionｓItraｖelａlot，ａnｄIｆinｄoutdiｆferent“styles”ｏfdｉrectionseverytiｍeIaｓk”HowcaｎI(lǐng)gettotheｐoｓtoffｉcｅ?”ＩnＪａpan,ｐeopleuselandmarksiｎｔｈeｉrdirectionsinstｅａdｏfstrｅｅｔnaｍes.Forexampｌe,tｈeJapanｅsewiｌlsａyｔotravelｅrs,“Goｓtｒaightdｏwntotｈecｏrneｒ.Tuｒnlefｔaｔtｈebighotelandgoｐａsｔafruitｍａrket.Thｅposｔoｆfiｃeｉsacrossfrｏmtｈebusstop.”ＩntheｃounｔryｓideｏｆtheAmeｒiｃanMｉdwesｔ，instｅaｄｏflandmａrks,ｐeopｌewilltelｌyｏｕｄiｒｅctionsａnｄｄistanceｓ．Foｒeｘaｍplｅ，peoｐlｅwｉllsay,“Goｎorthｔwomｉleｓ．Tuｒnｅａｓｔ,ａｎｄｔｈｅngｏanotheｒmile.”PeopｌeinLosAnｇeｌｅｓ,Ｐasｓagｅ１5RainForeｓtsＲaｉnforｅｓtsａretｈelｕngｓoftheplaneｔ–ｓｔoｒｉｎgvａstquａntitiesoｆcarbondioxｉdeandpｒodｕcingasignificａｎtaｍountoｆthewｏrlｄ’ｓｏxｙgeｎ.Raｉnｆoｒeｓｔshavetｈeirownpeｒｆectsysteｍforensurｉngtｈeirownsuｒviｖａl;tｈetalｌｔreeｓmａkｅacanｏｐyｏfｂranｃheｓａｎdleaｖeswhicｈｐrotｅcｔthemselｖeｓ,smallｅｒｐlaｎts,andthefｏｒestanimalsfｒｏmheavyｒain,intensｅdrｙheatfroｍtｈesunaｎdstrongwｉnｄs．Aｍａziｎgly,theｔrｅe(cuò)ｓgroｗｉnsucｈawaythattheirleａvesandbｒancheｓ,ａlthoughclｏsetoｇeｔher,neveractuａllｙtouchｔhoseｏfanothｅrｔrｅe(cuò).Scientｉststｈｉnkｔhisｉｓadeliberatetactｉctoprｅveｎtｔhesprｅaｄofａnytrｅe(cuò)ｄiseaseｓanｄmaｋelifeｍorediffiｃｕｌtｆoｒlｅaf－eａｔiｎgiｎsects.Theyａｒｅnoｔcallｅｄrａinforestsfｏrｎothiｎg!Rａinfoｒestscangeneｒaｔe75％ｏftheirownrain.Atｌeaｓt80inｃｈesofrａinayeaｒisnormａl–andinｓoｍｅarｅａstｈeremaｙbeasmucｈas43０iｎchｅsoｆrainannuaｌly.Ｔhisisrealrａｉｎ.Injusｔｔｗohourｓ,sｔreａmｓｃａnrisetentｏtwｅntyｆeet.Passaｇe1６JuａnaLｏｐez’sInventｉｏnOｎedaｙ,JｕａｎaLopeｚhaｄaniｄｅaforａdｉｓhｗashinｇmachiｎethaｔwｏrkedｗithoutusingwａt(yī)er.Shewｅntｔｏｓeeｓｅvｅraｌdiｓhｗａsｈermanｕfactｕrｅrｓaboutpｒｏduciｎgｔhemａｃhine,ｂｕtnｏneoftheｍerｅsted.Joanｎａfoundinｖｅsｔorstosupportｈｅriｄｅaandfoｕndeｄｈerownproducｔioｎcoｍpany.Shespｅntmillｉｏnsｏｆｄollaｒsｏndeｖelopingｈｅrdiｓhｗasher,ａnditwaslunchedthreeyearslaｔｅr.Frｏmtｈeｎｏn,saleswerevｅｒygood,betｔｅreｖenthanJoannａhaｄhｏｐped.BuｔGｌｏｂalDomestic，onｅoｆthecoｍpanｉesthａt(yī)shehaｓｂｅe(cuò)nto,madeitsownｗａt(yī)erｌessdisｈwasher.Ｊｏaｎｎaｏbｔaｉｎeｄoneａnｄｆｏuｎdｔheyuseｔhｅｔecｈｎｉcaliｄeasｓhehaddeveｌopeｄ．Sｈeｈadoｂｔaineｄlegａlproｔectｉｏnfｏrtheseiｄｅａsｓotｈａｔoｔhercｏmpaniｅｓcouldnotｕsethem.Aｆteralonglegalproｃesｓ,globdｏmｅstiｃｗasforcedtosｔopｍakinｇitｓcompｅtinｇdishwaｓherａndtoｐayJoanｎasevｅrａlmiｌliｏｎdolｌars.NｏwJoanna’ｓwａｔerlesｓdisｈwａsheｒhas40℅ｏｆtｈｅwoｒldｗｉdediｓhｗashｅｒmａｒｋet,ａndｔｈｉｓiｓincreaｓｉｎgeｖerｙｙear．Ｐaｓｓage１7ＲiｓｉngLaｔｅstresearｃhprｅdictsthaｔtheglｏbａlsｅalevelisexpeｃtｅdtoｒise9to88centiｍｅtｅrsby21０0，wｉｔha“ｂeｓtｅｓtｉmate”oｆ5０ｃenｔimetｅrs.Ｔｈiｓisduetogloｂａlwarmｉngwhｉcｈiｓcauｓｉngthｅｉceｃapsｔomeｌt.Thｉsgrｅａｔriｓｅoｆｃｌoseｔoｏnｅmeterwouldthrｅａt(yī)ｅnhｕgeａreasofｌｏw-lｙｉngcｏastaｌlandasweｌlaｓmajoｒcitiesｓuｃhasLondon,NewYoｒｋａｎdTokyo.Inmanｙplaｃｅs,5０centiｍetersｗｏｕldseｅe(cuò)ntirebeａcｈesｂeinｇwasｈｅｄａway.Oｎlｏw-lyingｐaciｆｉcｉslａnds,ｔhehｉghestpｏintｉsoｎｌytwoorthreeｍｅｔersabｏvetheｃｕrrenｔsｅａlevel.Ifthesealｅveｌwastoriseｂy５０ｃeｎtｉｍeters，bigpａｒtｓｏｆthｅseislandsｗoulddｉsappeａrunｄertheｗａt(yī)eｒ.Eｖｅｎiftheyremaiｎａｂｏveｔｈesea,ｍaｎyislaｎdｎａt(yī)ioｎswillhａvetheｉrsｕpｐliｅsｏｆｄrｉnｋingwaterreｄｕcｅｄｂecausｅseａwａt(yī)erwillpollutetheirｆｒeshwａｔeｒ.Therｅarｅalsoｔｅnsoｆｍilｌioｎｓofpｅｏｐleｌiｖｉｎgｉnlow-ｌｅｖelcoastaｌareasofsouｔherｎＡsia,suchasthecｏasｔlinｅｏfPａkiｓtanandIndｉa，whowouldbｅｉndangｅr．Ｐａssaｇe18WhatIｓaFatｈｅr？Ａfａt(yī)ｈerisaｐeｒsｏnｗｈoisｆorｃeｄtoendｕrecｈildbｉrtｈｗitｈoutananｅstheｔic.Hegｒowlswｈｅｎhｅfeelsgoodaｎdｌaugｈsveｒylouｄwhｅnｈeisscaｒeｄｈalf-ｔo-deａｔh.Ａｆａt(yī)heｒｎｅverfeｅlｓentirelywortｈｙofｔheｗorshｉpinachild'seｙeｓ.Hｅｉｓnｅverｑuitetheｈｅrohiｓdaughtｅrtｈｉnｋs.Ｎｅｖerｑｕitethｅmanhｉssonbelｉｅｖｅshimtｏbｅ.Andthｉsworｒieshimsｏｍetiｍes.Afａt(yī)ｈeｒｉsapersonwｈogｏestowarsometimesanｄwouldｒunthｅotherｗａyexceptthatwariｓpａrtoｆａnimｐortａntjｏｂinhislifｅ,whicｈismａkingtｈeworldbetteｒforhisｃhildｒeｎｔhanitｈasbｅe(cuò)nforｈim.Idon’tknowtheｒefatｈerｇoeｓｗhenhedies,ｂuｔＩ’ｖｅanideatｈat,ａｆtｅragｏodｒesｔ,wheｒeiｔisheｗｏn＇ｔjusｔsitonacｌouｄandwaitforｔheｇiｒｌhe'slｏvｅｄanｄthechｉｌdrｅｎshebore.He'ｌlbebusytheｒｅｔooreｐairingthestarｓ,oｉlｉngtｈｅgaｔes,impｒovingthestreets,smｏothiｎgtheway.Ｐａssage19LｉｔtleＢoy’sBｉｇIｄeａTheIntellectuａlPｒopertyOwnerAssｏciation(ＩPO)iｓrunnｉngaｐrojecttｏenｃｏuｒａgeｙｏｕnginvｅnｔｏrs.ＳaｍueｌＨｏuｇhton,aｆiｖe－yeａr-oldｂoyhasｂeｃoｍetheｙouｎｇｅstBritontoｈolｄapatentafteｒwatchingｈisfatherstruｇglinginthegarden.Samｕeｌｄｅｖｅlｏpedagarｄentoolafｔerｗａt(yī)chinghisfａt(yī)hｅrＭａrkusetｗobruｓｈｅstosｗｅe(cuò)pupｌeavesｏuｔsidetheirhouｓe．Hiｓfａt(yī)herｕseｄaｌargebrushｔｏgaｔherleavesandsmallｂranｃhｅs,aｎdthengoｔasｍａllbrusｈtopickupwhaｔｗasleft．Samuelcameupｗiｔhtheiｄeａｆorａlａbor－savｉngｔool,wｈicｈｈａsbeenpatentedandnamｅdtheIｍproveｄＢroｏｍ.Itiｓａsｉｍpleideatｈatｃomｂineｓtｗooｒdinarybｒｏomswitｈdiffｅｒent－sｉzedbrｉsｔleｓandbｒｕsh-ｈeａdｓtｏｅnａｂledｉｆfeｒent-sｉｚｅddｉrttobeｓwｅｐtuｐmorｅe(cuò)ｆfiｃieｎtlｙ.“Thｅsmａllonegｅｔsthｅfirｓtbiｔsaｎdthｅoneatthebaｃkgｅｔｓｔｈｏselefｔbehind,Sａmuelexplains.TｈeIPOsaystｈatSａmuｅliｓiｔsｙoungesｔｋｎｏwnpａt(yī)entholdｅr．Ｐａssagｅ2０CｕｌtuｒａlDiｆfｅrenｃｅsMｅe(cuò)ｔinｇｐｅｏpｌefrｏmａｎｏtｈerｃulturecａｎbｅdiffｉcuｌt．Diｆferｅntcｕltuｒesempｈasizethｅｉｍportaｎceofｒelaｔiｏnｓhipｂｕildingtoagｒeateｒｏrlesserdegree.Foreｘample,bｕsinessiｎsomecountriｅsisnotpoｓsibｌeunｔiｌthｅｒｅisａｒelationshｉpoftrｕｓt.Evenwithpeoｐleatwoｒk,itisｎecessaｒｙｔospeｎdalotoftimeiｎ＂smalltalｋ",uｓualｌyoｖeraglasｓｏfｔea,bｅfoｒethｅydoanyjob．IｎmanyＥuroｐeancｏuntries—likｅｔｈeUKorFraｎcｅ—ｐｅopleｆiｎditｅaｓierｔobｕilｄupalastinｇｗｏrkｉｎgｒelatiｏｎshｉpａt(yī)ｒeｓtaｕrａntsｏrcａfｅsrａt(yī)ｈｅrthanａｔtｈeofｆicｅ．EvｅnwithinＮoｒtｈerｎEｕroｐｅ,culｔuraｌdiffereｎｃescancauseseriｏblｅｍs.Certainlｙ，EｎglishanｄGeｒmａｎcｕltuｒeｓsｈaresiｍiｌarｖaｌue；ｈoweｖｅr,Germａｎsｐｒefertｏｇeｔdoｗntobuｓiｎessmｏｒequicｋly．Wｅｔhｉnktｈａt(yī)tｈｅｙaｒｅｒｕde．Infact，thisisjustbecauseonｅculturestaｒtｓdiscussｉoｎsaｎｄmakesdecisioｎmorequｉckly.Ｐassage２1StｒeｓsＳtreｓsisｗｈaｔyoufeelwhｅnyｏurｅacttｏpｒeｓｓuｒe,eitｈｅrfromtheoutsideｗorｌdorfｒomiｎsiｄｅｙoｕrself．Streｓsisａnoｒmalreaｃtionfoｒpｅoｐleofalｌages.Mｏsｔpeoplethinktｈatｐreｓsuｒeisalwａyｓabａdｔhing.Infａct,aｌｉttlebｉtofstresｓisgoｏd.Wiｔhouｔｓｔresｓ,ｍostｏfuscouldn’tｐushourｓelｖｅsｔoｄowell，espｅciallｙindiｆficultthinｇs．Peoｐｌeuｓｕaｌlｙcomplainabouｔｆeelingｐrｅssedｆortimewhentheyaｒeundercertaiｎｐresｓｕrｅ.Itisｔrｕethatｙouｃａｎ’tａlwayscontrolthｅtｈinｇsthaｔareｓｔreｓｓｉnｇｙｏuout,ｂutyouｃａncｏntrｏｌhoｗyｏureａctｔoｔhem．Thewaｙyoｕfeelaｂouttｈingsreｓultsfromｔhｅｗayyouthｉｎkａbouｔthinｇs．Ifｙoｕｃhangehｏｗyoutｈink,youｃancｈaｎgｅｔhewａyyoufeeｌ．Tryｔｈefolｌowｉｎgtｉpsｔｏdealwｉthyouｒstｒｅｓs:Makealiｓtｏfthetｈinｇｓthaｔarecａusinｇyourｓｔress.Giｖeyourｓｅlfanexｃｕse.Don'tｐromiｓｅtoｄoｔhinｇｓyoucａn'ｔdooｒdon'twａnttodｏ.Fｉndsomeonetotaｌkto.Pａssage２２LovｅisaｔelepｈoneLovｅｉsaｔｅlepｈｏneｗhｉchisalwayssilenｔｗｈｅnyouarehopingforacａｌl,ｂuｔringswｈenyouarｅnotreaｄｙforｉｔ.Ａsａｒesulｔ，ｗｅofｔenｍisｓtheloｖｅcomingfrｏmｔｈｅotｈerenｄ．Loveisateｌeｐhonewhｉchｉsｓeldomｐroｇｒam－controlｌedorｄｉrecｔlyｄialｅｄ．Ｙoｕcａnnotgｅｔaｎimmeｄiateａnsｗerwithasｉmple“ｈｅｌlo”，lｅtalonｅgｏdeeｐiｎｔｏyoｕｒlovｅr’ｓｈeartwitｈonｅｃall.Ｕsｕallyiｔhａsｔoberelａyedbyａnoｐｅｒator，ａndyouｈａｖｅtｏｗaｉtpaｔiｅntly.Loveisateｌephoｎethａt(yī)isalwａysｂusｙ.Whenｙoｕarｅｒeaｄｙｔｏdiaｌfｏｒlovｅ,youonlyfinｄ,toyｏuｒdisappoinｔｍent,thelineｉｓaｌｒeadybeiｎｇusedｂyｓomeｏneelsｅ．Loveisaｔelｅphｏne,butitｉsdiｆficulttoknowwheｎｔodiａｌ.Youwillmissthｅoppｏrtｕnｉtyiｆyourcallisｅithertooearｌyortooｌaｔe.Ｐassage２3JｅａlousyＴheｅxperienceofjeaｌousyvaｒｉesenｏｒmｏｕｓlｙfroｍａgeｔoage,fromcｕltuｒeｔoculｔｕre,fromcoupleｔｏｃoupｌe,ｆrompeｒsoｎtoｐerson,aｎdcaｎbeｄifferentwｉｔhｉnthesamepeｒsonfroｍtimetｏtｉme.ＩntｈｅUniｔedStａｔes，therehａsbeenachａｎｇｅofattitｕｄetowarｄjeaｌouｓyｉnrecｅntｙeａｒｓ.“Ｎormaｌ”jeａlousy,wｈｉchｈasｂeenseenasaninｅviｔａbleａccompaniｍentofloveａｎdsuppｏｒtｏｆｍａrｒiaｇe,hａscomeｔobeseｅnｂysoｍeasｅvｉdenceofpersoｎaliｎsecurityandweａknessinthｅrｅlatｉｏnｓhip,andtｈerefｏｒeatｈreａt(yī)totheparｔｎｅrship.Ｍosｔｊeａｌoｕsflaｓheｓcoｍefromfeｅｌingｌeｆtoutｏfanaｃtivｉtyinvｏｌｖinｇyoｕrｐarｔｎeraｎdanotheｒｐeｒsonoｒoｔherpeoｐｌｅ.Whｅnyouｒpartnｅrｐayｓaｔｔeｎtｉontoanother,ｙourfｉrｓtｒｅactionisｔonotetｈattheyaｒe“iｎ”andｙouare“oｕt”.Ｙoufeｅlexcluded,iｇnorｅd,ｕnａppreｃiated．Tｈiｓkinｄofｅxperiｅnceｉsnotunｃｏmmon,aｎｄdealｉngwithiｔｇｒａcefullｙiｓpartofｔheetiquetteofourｔｉme.Paｓsage2４DiffｅreｎｃesBetwｅe(cuò)nＴelevｉsｉonandＲadｉoAｎnoｕncｅrsWｈｅnｔｅlｅvisionfirstbegａntoexpａnｄ,verｙfｅwoｆpeｏpleｗhoｈaｄbｅcomefamousａsradioanｎoｕnｃｅｒsｗeｒeaｂletｏbeeqｕalｌｙeffectivｅontｅｌevｉsion.Sｏmeofthｅdiffｉcｕltｉｅｓtheyexpｅｒienｃｅｄwhｅntｈeｙｗeｒetryinｇｔoadaptthemselvestotｈｅnewmedｉumｗereｔechnical.Ｗhｅnwｏrkingonｒadio,fｏrexample,ｔheyhadbecｏmeaccｕｓtomeｄtoseeingonｂehaｌｆoｆｔｈelｉsｔeｎｅr.Thisartｏｆseｅingfｏrotｈeｒｓmeanｓthatthｅｃommｅntatorhastobeverｙgｏoｄattalkｉng．Intｈecaseoftelevｉｓion,howevｅr，theaｎnoｕnｃersｅe(cuò)seveｒythingｗｉｔｈｔheｖｉeｗｅｒ.Hisrole,ｔherｅｆore,iscoｍpletelｙdiffereｎt.Heisthｅｒｅｔomａkesurｅtｈattｈeviewerｄoesnotｍisｓsoｍｅpoｉｎｔofｉnｔerest,toｈｅlphiｍfocｕｓｏnｐａｒticulａrｔｈinｇs,ａｎｄtoheｌphiｍunｄerstａｎdthｅimaｇesonｔｈeｔeｌｅviｓionscreen.Unlikehiｓｒadｉoｃolleaｇue,heｍｕsｔknoｗthevalueｏfsｉlenceandｈowtｏusｅit,atｔｈｏseｍomｅnｔｓwｈentheｐicturesｓpｅakｆorthemｓｅｌves．Pａssage25TheAｆｒiｃanEleｐhantTｈeAfｒicanｅｌｅphant,theｌargestｌanｄaｎimａlrｅmainｉngｏnearth,iｓofgrｅatiｍpｏrtａnceｔｏAfriｃaｎecｏｓystｅｍ.Asａbigplant-eater,iｔlａrgelyshapestheforｅst-and-savannasuｒroundingsinwｈiｃhｉｔlives，seｔtiｎｇthetermｓofexisｔenceformiｌlｉonsｏfotheｒａniｍalstｈaｔｌｉvｅinitsｈabitat.Iｔistheelepｈaｎｔ＇sgreatdeｓiｒeforfooｄthatmakesitadistｕｒbｅroftｈｅe(cuò)ｎｖiｒonｍentaｎdａnimpｏrtaｎtbｕilderofiｔshａbitat.Ｉnitｓcｏｎtinｕｏｕssｅarｃhforthe３00poｕｎdsofplantｓitmusthａveeverydaｙ,ｉtkillsｓmalｌtreesandunderbuｓheｓ，andpuｌｌsbｒanchesoｆfbigｔreｅs.ＴhisrｅｓultｓｉnnumeroｕsopenｓpacｅsiｎｂothdeｅpｔropicalforｅstsandintｈｅwｏｏdlａnｄsthatcoverpartｏftheAfricaｎsaｖannａｓ．WhaｔｗorｒiｅsscｉenｔistsｎoｗiｓtｈattheAfricaneｌephantｈasbecomｅanｅndaｎgerｅdspecies.Iftheｅｌeｐhanｔｄｉsａpｐeａrs，scientistssａy，ｍanyoｔheｒaniｍalsｗｉllalｓodisａppearfromvastaｒeasoffoｒesｔanｄsavanna，grｅaｔｌycｈａngingaｎdwｏｒseninｇthewhｏleeｃosystem.Pａssａge26ＯperationｓｏnｔheBrａiｎI(lǐng)tisdiｆfiｃultfoｒdoctｏrstｏhelpapersｏnwithaｄamaｇedbｒain.Ｗｉtｈoutenouｇhblood,thｅbrａinｌivｅsforｏｎlｙthreeｔofｉveminutes.Dr．Whiteｔhinkｓｄoｃｔorsshoｕlｄtrytomakethebｒainｖerycoｌd．Iｆitiｓverｙcold,thｅbrａincaｎlｉvｅｗithoutbloｏdｆoｒ30mｉnutｅs.Thisｇｉｖesthｅｄoctoｒｓａlｏｎgertｉmetodosomeｔhiｎgforthebrａin.Dr.Whｉtｅtriedhｉsｉｄeaon１3mｏｎkｅys.Fｉｒstｈetａuｇhｔtheｍtodｏｄｉffeｒentjoｂｓ.Thenhｅopeｒatedｏntｈｅm．Hemadethemｏnkeｙs'bloodｇothroughａmacｈiｎewhiｃｈcｏoledthｅｂlood，aｎdthensｅｎtｔheblｏoｄbａcｋｔｏthemonｋｅyｓ'brains．Ｗhenthｅbraintemperaturewas50deｇrees,Dr.Wｈｉtestoｐpeｄthｅｂloodtｏtheｂrain．Afｔeｒ３0ｍinuｔeshｅtuｒnedtheｂloodbackon.Ｈewarｍｅdthｅbloｏｄagaｉn.Afterｔｈeｉroperatｉｏnｓtheｍonkeyｓｗereliketｈｅywerebeｆorｅ．Thｅyｗｅreｈｅaｌthyａｎｄbusy.Eaｃhonecoｕldｓｔilldothｅjoｂsｔｈeｄｏctorhadtａｕｇhttheｍ.Passage2７DeｐressｉonThedictｉoｎaryｄesｃribｅｓdeｐreｓsｉonａｓthestaｔeoffｅｅlinｇvｅrｙsad,aｎxiｏusandhoｐelｅss．Tｈequestｉonｈereiswhyonegeｔsdeｐrｅssed.Isｉttｈeinabiｌｉｔytodｅａｌwitｈｔｈｅｓituａt(yī)ionｏrthｅhighsｔresslevelsｔｈatcｏｍｅｗithsuｃceｓsorfaiｌｕｒe?Liｆeisfulｌoftwiｓtsandtuｒｎs．Someａrepｌeasaｎtaｎｄsｏmearenotｓopleaｓａnｔ,ａｎdｓomｅtimeｓeventeｒrible.Nooneｈasａlａｃkｏfprｏｂlemsiｎｈisorhｅrlifｅ．Ｅveryｏnehasapersｏｎalsｅtｏfprobｌｅms.Ｅventｈｅｐeｏｐleｗhｏｃｏｎｓtantｌｙｈaveａｓmｉlｅoｎtheｉrｆaceshavｅpｒoｂlｅms.Thｅonlｙｄifferencｅｉsthattheyｋnowhｏｗｔodｅａｌwiｔhtheprobｌemsａnｄsmｉleaｂouｔｔheｆacｔｔhａｔtheycaｎovercomethｅm.Seasｏnａlｃhangｅsaｒetｈeｍainreasoｎfordｅpressｉｏninnａt(yī)uｒe．Cｈaｎgｅisunavｏidable．Itmayhappｅninｎaｔureorinlｉfｅ,buｔthewａｙthechangｅｍakｅsｕsfeｅlisｓubｊective1.Thｅydiffeｒfromｐｅrｓonｔopersｏn，aloｎgwitｈthewayswｅdeaｌｗiｔhthem.Feelinｇｄeprｅｓｓionisaｎormalphｅｎomｅnｏn２,buｔlettinｇiｔoverｔakｅ3uｓｃｏmpleｔｅlyiｓnottｈeｂesｔthing．Ｔheｒearenosｐecifｉｃruｌｅsorcoｎceptstodeaｌwｉthｉt.Whａｔeｖｅrwayaｐersoｎfeelsｉsthebeｓtwaｙtodｅaｌwiｔhｉｔshoｕｌdｂeａdoｐted,buｔbesｕreｉtwiｌlｎothuｒtanotheｒperｓｏｎ.Pasｓaｇe28WhiteNoisｅThereaｒediｆferentkindsoｆnoisｅwiｔhdistinｃtｆrequenｃiesthatareclaｓｓifｉeｄbｙcｏlor,namelｙ:whitｅnｏｉｓｅ,pinknoise，broｗnｎoｉsｅ,bluenoise，andｇrａynoｉse．Ｂelowisanoverｖiewofwhiteｎoise.Geｎeｒalｌｙspeakｉnｇ,whitenoiseisapartofthefｕllsｃaｌeoｆsｏundfｒeｑuencｉesahｕmaｎeaｒcanreｃognize.Ｗhiｔenｏiｓeisamixtｕｒeｏfsoｕndfrequenｃiesinequａllevels.Ｉtiｓaｖeｒyｑｕｉｅtsoundthａt(yī)iｓrelaxingandpｌeaｓaｎtｔotｈeeａrsoｆanyone.Ａnuｍｂerofpeopｌeｓaytｈaｔｉtissｉｍｉｌarｔothｅsoｕｎｄofthｅrａiｎoｒthｅｏcｅaｎwaves．Wｈitenｏisｅofferscｏuntlessbeneｆits.Thenoｉseｃomesinｄiffｅrｅｎｔｆｏrｍstｈａt(yī)sｅｒvｅdifｆerentpｕrpoｓｅs．Somｅwhitenｏisｅｗｏrｋsbetterthaｎothersforpaｒtｉcｕlaruｓeｓ.Soｍｅｐeoplｅmaｙfiｎdsomewhｉtenoisｅｓｏｕｎdｓmoｒｅplｅasiｎgthａnothers.Moreover,whitenｏiseissaidｔohaｖeａmoｒecalmｉｎgeｆfectthａnmusiｃdoｅｓ.Pasｓage29CｅｌlPhonｅＮowadays,withtheｒａpｉｄdevelopmenｔofIＴaｎdｉnfｏrmａｔiｏnｉndustry,／cellphｏneｓplayadoｍｉnanｔroleinpeoｐlｅ’ｓliｆe.／Ｏｎtｈeonehand，tｈemoｂilｅpｈoｎeisportablｅanｄconvｅnｉeｎt./Beｉnｇwirelｅss，youcａncarryｔhｅmeｖeｒywherewiｔhgｒｅateaｓe./Yｏucanreａchａpersonwhereveranｄhｏweｖerfａrａwayheis．/Oｎtｈｅｏｔherｈand，itｉｓaｆriｅｎdｉndeｅd．/Wｈｅｎeｖeryoucoｍｅacrosstroubｌe,ｙｏuｃaｎcallｆｏrheｌｐimmｅdｉａt(yī)ｅｌｙ./Howeｖer,justａseｖerycｏinhａstwｏsｉdｅs,/theceｌlpｈｏnealsohasiｔｓmａｎydisadvantａges./Someｐｅopｌｅcomplainｔhatmｏｂilephoｎeｓgiveunｐlｅaｓanｔnｏiｓeonsomeｉmportantoccasions/wｈentheowｎｅrfｏrgetｓtotuｒnthemｏff./Ａndｉtａｌｓoｃｕｔｓinｔopｅopｌe’ssparｅtiｍｅ,/becaｕｓewｉththemobｉｌepｈoneｔhebosscaneａsiｌｙrｅacｈthemandcaｌltｈemtoｄｕｔydurinｇtｈeirsparｅtimｅ./Wｏrstｏfall,theeｌecｔromagneｔicwaveeｍittｅｄfromtheｐhonｅissａiｄtobeｈarmfｕltｏｐeoｐle’shealｔｈ/anddｏesoｆtencauｓeheadａchｅｓtｏｔheownｅｒ.／Ｐassａge