2023年四級(jí)模擬考試題目

大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試模擬試題PaｒtIWriｔｉnｇ(３0minutes）Diｒecｔions:Ｆｏrthispartyoｕarｅａllowｅd30ｍinutestowriｔeaｎeｓsaybasedｏnｔheoｕtliｎebeloｗ．Youshｏｕｌｄwritｅatleast１20worｄs，aｎdbaｓｅｙoｕｒcoｍｐosiｔiｏｎontheｏutlinegivｅnbelowinＣｈｉneｓe.現(xiàn)在社會(huì)上越來(lái)越多人開(kāi)始在網(wǎng)上購(gòu)買商品了,對(duì)此你有什么見(jiàn)解呢?１．很多人開(kāi)始在網(wǎng)上購(gòu)買商品2.網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物也許存在的問(wèn)題3．我的見(jiàn)解TｈｅQｕalｉtｙofPｒoｄｕctsPartIIＲeadingComprｅhensｉon(SkimmｉｎganｄＳcａnｎinｇ)(15ｍinｕtes)Ｄirectｉons:Iｎthispart，yｏuwillhave１５ｍinｕtestogooverｔhepａssaｇequｉcklyａndaｎｓwｅrtheqｕestｉonsonAｎswerSｈeet1.Forｑuｅsｔiｏns1－7,mａｒkY(forYＥS）ｉfthesｔaｔemeｎtaｇreeswiththeｉｎformatiｏngiveｎｉntｈepassage;N(ｆorNＯ)iｆthestatｅmentｃｏntradictｓｗitｈtheｉnｆｏrｍatｉongiｖeｎinthｅpaｓsａge;NＧ(fｏrNOTGIＶEN)ifthｅinformaｔiｏnｉｓnｏtgｉveｎinthepａssａge;Forｑuｅstions8－１0，cｏmpleｔethesentｅnｃeｓwitｈtheinｆoｒmatiｏngiveninｔhepａｓsage.Onｅiｎtｈｒeeofｕswｉｌlgｅｔｃanceｒatｓｏｍeｐoiｎtinｏurｌｉveｓ.Ｏnceｓｏfeareｄiｔsnameｗaswｈispｅred,thedｉseaｓeisnolｏngeraｎｉnｅvitabｌｅdeathｓentenｃe．Tｏday,ａlmosttwo－ｔhirdsofｔｈosewhｏｄevelopcancerwillstｉllbealｉvefiveｙeａrsｌａt(yī)er,comparedwｉtｈjusthalｆiｎ１9７0s.CancerhasｔuｒneｄouttobeｔougheｒtｏcrackｔhａneｖｅryonｅhopedwheｎＵ.Ｓ.PrｅsｉdentRichaｒdNiｘonｌaunchｅdｔhｅＷarｏｎCａnceｒin1971.Bｕtdeathratesarefａlliｎg,thａnkstoearlierdetectioｎoftumors（腫瘤)ａnｄimpｒoveｄuseｏfexiｓtｉngｔreatｍents—ｍainｌychｅmｏｔherapｙandraｄiotheｒapｙ.Ｔｈｅsucceｓshasbeenbiｇgeｓtｆｏrchildreｎ:sｉncethemid-19７０s,deathrａt(yī)esfｒoｍcanｃｅrｓoｆcｈｉldhｏoｄｈavehalvｅd.Innerwoｒkinｇs．Akｅyreａｓonwｈycanｃerpatiｅｎｔsaｒeｌｉvinglｏngerｉsthａｔsciｅnｔｉstsnowｕndeｒｓtaｎｄｍoreclｅarlｙwｈatｈappensｗhｅnceｌlsturｎcａｎcerous.Canceｒbeginsｗhengeneswhichnｏrmallｙcontrolceｌｌdｉvｉsioｎ,grｏwｔhandreｐairａrｅdａmageｄthrｏｕghmutａt(yī)iｏn（突變).Ｔheｓｅgeｎｅｓｃanthencａusｅｃelｌstｏgrowandｄiｖideuncontrｏｌlablｙ,desｔｒoyingneigｈｂoｒiｎghｅａlthycells.MutationｓcaｎaｒiｓebychaｎｃeerrorsiｎＤNArepliｃaｔion,aｎdgenｅscａnalsobeｄaｍａgedbycarｃinoｇｅｎｓ(致癌物質(zhì))—suｃhaｓｔoｂａｃcochemicaｌs，bｅnzenｅ,ａndｓoｍefoｏｄadditｉｖeｓ—orｕlｔrａvioleｔligｈtfromsunshiｎe．Certaｉｎvirusescanalsotriggergenｅmutatioｎｓ,suchastｈehｕmａnpapｉlloｍa(乳突淋瘤)viｒuｓtｈatcancａｕsｅｃervical(子宮頸的）canceｒ.Somemutatｅｄgenesａreiｎherｉted：tｗoexａｍplesａｒeBRＣA1andBRCA2，ｗhichtｏgｅtheracｃouｎtfｏrabｏut5%ofaｌlｂreａｓｔcanceｒcasｅs.ＯtｈerｇenｅssuchａsDBC2,EMSYaｎdFAhavebeeniｍpliｃaｔｅdinovaｒｉａn,breasｔaｎｄｌunｇcaｎceｒ．Oncｅaｃelｌhasturnedｃａｎceroｕs，itｄividesuｎｔiｌamassofceｌlｓｆormsatｕｍｏr.Diａｇnｏstictestscanquｉckｌydｉstiｎgｕiｓhｂetweenmalｉgｎaｎt,orcaｎcerｏuｓ,tumorsanｄthosｅｔhatarebeｎiｇn,orhａrmlｅss.Aｓamaｌｉgnａnttumorｐｒoｇrｅsses,ｃellsoｒcｌumｐsofｃｅllｓｂrｅａkoffａnｄsｐread，aroundｔｈeｂodｙviathelymphａｔicsysｔemａndｂlooｄｖesseｌｓ.Tｈelatｅstgenｅrationｏｆｔｒeａt(yī)mentｓｅｘploｉｔoｕｒknoｗｌｅdgeoｆｗｈａt(yī)happenswiｔhincanceｒouscelｌs.Thesetaｒgetｐroｔｅinsａｎdmessenｇeｒcｈｅmｉｃals—ｓuchasgrowthfaｃtorsorenzymｅｓ–thattheerraｎtcellsneｅｄtosurｖｉｖeaｎdｇrow.Pｒevalenｃｅpａt(yī)teｒnsIndevｅlopｅｄcｏuｎｔrｉｅs,thｅcanｃermostlikeｌｙtoafflictyouｉsnon-meｌanｏmasｋinｃａncer,oftｅｎcausedbｙthｅSun’shａrｍfuｌultrａｖioleｔrays．Thisｉｓｕsuallyｔreatｅdaｎdｃured.Melanoｍa,aｄeaｄlierskincancer,iｓｌesｓcommｏｎbuｔisincreaｓinｇbyaround３%ayｅａriｎｔheU.S．ThoｕｇhUＶｌightｉsthecausｅofｍanyｓkincancｅｒs,tｈｅｒeissｏmｅe(cuò)ｖｉdencethaｔsｍallａmounｔｓmａyalsohelppreventothercancｅｒs.Ｉnthedevelopingｗoｒldｔhｅmostcｏｍｍoｎcancersａｒelｉnkｅdtoinfectiousａgｅnｔs，suｃhascerｖｉｃaｌｃanceroｒlｉvｅｒcａncｅr,cauｓedｂｙhepatitis(肝炎)B.Thebiｇgestｋiｌlerｉniｎｄustrｉalizednatｉoｎｓrｅmａinsｌｕngｃaｎcｅr.Ｆorｍｅn,lunｇcaｎcermortalｉtyhasbeenfａlｌinｇsincｅ１9９0，ｍirrｏriｎgapｅakｉnpｏpｕlaｒiｔyofsｍokinｇduringthe19６0s.Ｆｏｒwｏmeｎ,whocommｏnｌytooｋuｐｓmｏｋｉnglａt(yī)ｅr,lungｃancerｍoｒtalityisstillrising．TobaccoｉsaｌsorapidlybeｃoｍinｇthelｅａｄiｎgｃａuｓeofcaｎcerinAsiａ.Brｅastcanceraccountsforaｌｍostoneinthrｅe(cuò)ofallｃａncersｄiａgnosedinｗomｅneachｙear.Formｅn,prostatecancｅｒisjustaｓcommoｎ，withtheｈighestrateｓinAｆrｉcａnAmericanｍenandCaｒiｂｂeａnmｅnofAfｒicａnorigin.Scｒｅe(cuò)ningfｏrbｏthｏftheseｄiseasｅshasimproveｄsharply.Earlyｂreastｔuｍorsshｏｗuponａmamｍogram（乳房X線照片）longｂeｆoretｈeyｃａnbefelｔaｓａｌump.Morｅwomｅnnｏｗsｕrｖivethediseaｓe——tｈree-qｕａｒｔerｓofwomenwhosebreaｓtcaｎceｒｗasdｉagnoseｄ10yearsａgｏarｅｓtｉlｌａliveｔoday.Similarｌｙ,apｒoｓtate-ｓpecifｉｃanｔiｇen(PSA）testhａsrｅvoluｔionizｅdearｌydｉagｎosiｓfｏｒthiscancerintheU．S.Ｓoｍｅｅxperｔsargueｔｈaｔscrｅe(cuò)ningｃaｎbeharｍｆul，howｅver.FactoringiｎrisｋＤozensoffａｃtorsaｆｆectaniｎdiviｄuａl'ｓriskｏfgｅttｉｎｇcancer.Smｏｋingｉsthebiggestsｉnｇｌeｒｉｓkfacｔｏｒ——wiｔhtｏbaccolｉnkｅdｔoaｂoｕtathirdofalｌcanｃｅrｓ.Anothercｌeａrlyestablisｈedｒiskfactｏriｓexpoｓuｒetoionizinｇ（電離）rａdiａｔiｏn.ThismaybｅresponsiｂleforcanｃersiｎpｅoplelｉvingaroｕnｄChernoｂｙlinUkraｉｎｅ,ToikａmurainJａpａnandfｏrpeｏplｅworｋinｇinnucｌearpoweｒｐlants.Radｉatｉｏnｍａyalsｏｈaveｌｅdtｏahiｇhｉｎcｉdeｎceofcanｃerinｔhoｓewhowiｔnessedeａrlynucleaｒtestｓorhavebeeｎincontａctｗithdepleteduｒaｎiummｕnｉｔｉons,thoughａrecｅｎｔstuｄｙcｏｎｔeststhisrisk.Riskfaｃｔoｒｓfoｒdevｅloｐingｂrｅａｓtｃancerｉnclude：beiｎgcｈildlｅssorｄeｌaｙiｎgcｈildｂeaｒingｕｎtｉlagｅdover3０,sｔａrtiｎgpeｒiｏdsearly,ｕsｉnghormoｎereplａcementtｈerapy，ｂeingeｘpｏsedtoｏestｒogen－like(雌性素類的)ｃhemｉｃaｌｓ,ａｎｄｄrinｋinｇonｅormoreuｎitｓｏfaｌcoｈoldaily.Moreｔhａnoneriskfacｔorisusuａllynｅe(cuò)dedbｅｆorecancｅrｃｅlｌsdevelop.Ｒisksposｅdbyｌivingｎearｏverheadpｏwerlinesｏｒｐｅtｒoｌｓｔops,oｒｕｓingcell-phoｎｅs,aｒｅlessclｅar.PrｅventａｔｉｖeｓtepsIｆevｅｒyonｅｓｔoｐpedsｍokiｎg,cancｅrdeatｈｓcｏuｌｄbｅcuｔbyｏnｅ-thiｒｄ，reｓeａrchｅrsｅsｔimatｅ.Movestoprotectpeopleｆrompassivｅｓmoｋｉｎg，ｉｎbarsforｅxａmple,arｅｇaininｇgｒｏｕnｄinmanyｉｎduｓtrializedcoｕntries.Ｓtayingouｔｏfsuｎlightaｎｄusiｎgsｔronｇsunｓcreｅｎscouldpreveｎthundredsoｆtｈouｓaｎdsｏfuｓfroｍｄｅvelopingｓｋincａnceｒwｏrｌdwiｄｅannually．Ｆoodsricｈinａntioxｉdａntsandbeｎeficiａlｆattｙacｉdssuchasomegａ-３aｎdｏleicacidfoundinoliveoiｌ—akeyｉngredieｎtｏfｔhｅｈealｔhyMeｄiterranｅanｄｉet—ｓｅｅｍtｏｐrotｅcｔaｇainstsomeｃａnceｒｓ，altｈｏughtｈefindinｇsａremixed.Doctorscaninｃｒeasｉnｇeｒvｅnｅdｉｒectlytoｐreveｎtｃａncers.Foｒexampｌe,vaccineｓagａｉnsｔhepａt(yī)itisBcouldsooncｕｔdeaｔｈsｆrｏmｌiｖｅｒcａnｃeｒ.Therearealsoprevｅntiｖetherａpｉｅsｔｈatinteｒfｅreｗitｈｔheproｄuｃtionoftｈehorｍonｅoｅstｒｏｇｅn,impｌicatedｉnmanｙbrｅasｔｃancerｓ.Ｄoｃtoｒsbeｌiｅvｅtｈaｔｉｔｃouldｈaｖetｈeraｔeｓｏfｂrｅａstcａnｃeｒiｎwomenwiｔhafamiｌｙhｉstorｙｏfthediseasｅ.Alｌｔhismeansthａt(yī),wｈiｌeｈopesoftotalcｕrｅｆoｒｃancｅraｒestｉlｌunreａｌisｔic,thediｓeａseisincreasinglyundercｏnｔrｏl.注意：此部分試題在答題卡1上作答;8－1０題在答題卡1上。1、ＴheｂiｇgｅsｔkiｌlerinＣｈinａisｌivercancer．2、Somｅviｒｕseswillgiveriｓeｔogenemｕｔatiｏnｓ,whｉｃhwｉｌlresｕlｔiｎｃancers．３、Inｔhe１9７0s,ｏnlyoｎe-tｈiｒｄoftｈｏsｅwhodevelopedcａnｃercouldbeａliｖeｆｉｖeyｅaｒsｌaｔeｒ.4、Suｎｂathiｎｇhｅlpsuspreveｎtｏursｅlvesfｒomdevｅlｏpiｎgsｋincaｎcer．5、Non-melaｎomaｓkincａｎｃerｉsａdeａｄlysｋｉncancｅr.6、Cancerpatiｅnｔsａreｌivinｇlｏｎgeｒｔhanbｅforebecauseｓcｉentｉsｔsknoｗmｏreａｂｏuｔcanｃerousｃｅlls．7、Mutａt(yī)edｇeｎeswhichareinheritedａccｏuntforaboｕt5％ofallｃａnｃerｃases．8、Ｇeneｒaｌｌy,oｎｅ-thiｒdofpｅｏplewillｇetｃａnｃeratsoｍepｏint＿_(dá)_＿．9、Aｂouｔ__＿_(dá)oｆａlｌcａnｃershavesomeｔhinｇtodowithtobaccｏ.１0、Itistruｅthat＿＿＿＿forcanｃｅriｓｓｔillｉｍposｓibleｂuｔthedisｅａsｅｉsincreaｓinglｙundeｒconｔroｌ.PartIIＩLiｓtｅniｎｇCoｍpreheｎsiｏn（３５miｎｕｔes)ＳｅｃtｉｏnADｉrｅctiｏｎｓ:Iｎthisseｃtioｎ,ｙouｗｉllhｅar8ｓhortconvｅrsatｉoｎｓａnd2longconｖersatｉons.Ａｔtheｅndoｆeachconveｒsatiｏn,oneorｍorｅｑuｅｓtiｏｎswillbeaskedaboutwhatwａsｓaid.Boththecoｎversaｔiｏnａｎdthｅｑｕestionswiｌlbespoｋenonlyonce.Aftｅrｅaｃhquｅstionｔhｅｒewilｌｂeaｐａuse．Duriｎgthepause，yｏumｕsｔreadthefourchｏｉceｓmarkedA),B),C)ａndＤ),ａnｄdeｃidｅwhicｈｔhebｅstａｎswerｉｓ．ThenmaｒkｔheｃｏrｒｅｓpondinｇletｔeronＡnsｗerＳheｅt2withaｓiｎgｌelinethroughｔheｃｅntｒe.注意：此部分試題在答題卡2上作答。1１、A)ＴhewomａnｓhoｕlｄhavｅtａｋｅnBｕsNumber15．B)ThewoｍangoｔonｔheｂustoＧrａndTｈｅatｒe．C）Tｈewomaｎshｏｕｌdｈａveaskedtｈｅｃoｎductor．D）Theｗoｍanwasgoiｎgｉnｔｈeｏｐpositｅdireｃtioｎ.1２、A)ＴheｎexttｒainforBｏstonwillrunabｉtｌatebｅcauｓeofｔheweather.B)TｈeneｘttrainfoｒBostonwillｒunonｔｉｍｅｄesｐiｔetｈeweather.Ｃ)TheneｘttrainfromBosｔｏnｗｉllbｅlatｅasitisｒainingｈeavily.D)ThｅｔrainｆorBostonwillbelateasｉtisfoggy.13、A）Ｓｔayaｔhｏｍｅanｄrｅviｅwthelessｏｎ.B)Stayaｔhomｅandｈaveagoｏdｒeｓt.C）Gｏｓｏmewhereelse．D）Goｔｏthｅconcert．1４、A)TheＴVprｏｇｒamａfteｒｔheneｗsreporｔ.B)WhｅtｈertherｅisadｏcumentarｙａbouttheＭｉdｄleEasｔ.Ｃ)Thｅnewsｈｅadliｎeｓontoday’sｎewｓpａpｅr．Ｄ)Thｅmａn’sｆeeliｎｇabｏｕtthｅdoｃumｅntａrｙ.15、Ａ)Atasupermarket.B）Atａｂａkery.C）Ａtanice-creaｍhｏuｓe.D)Atarestauｒaｎｔ.1６、A)Alanisｖｅrｙcarelｅｓｓ．Ｂ)Alaｎiｓweaｋinhｅaｌth.C)Alanｈａsgoodfrｉends.D)Ａlａniｓdisａppoiｎtｅd.1７、A)it'ｓnｏｔｗortｈｓeeinｇatａｌl.Ｂ)IｔsbettertｈanTＶproｇrａmｓanyｗａｙ.Ｃ)ｉｔ'sagoodchangeｆoｒsomeonewhosｔaysａt(yī)homeforaloｎｇtｉme.D)it＇sａbitteｒｒibｌe．１8、A）Sｈｅhａsapainｉnherｎeck.B)Sｈeｉsveｒybｕｓyｗithwork．Ｃ)Ｓheｆｅe(cuò)ｌswｅak.D)Sheworksｉnｔｈeｌaundｒｙ．Questiｏｎs１９ｔo22ａrebaｓedontｈeconｖersaｔiｏnｙoｕhavejusｔheard.１9、A)Ａtｔｈeaｉrｐoｒt.B)Atthｅｔraｖelagｅncy.C)Atthｅrａiｌwaysｔatioｎ.D)Aｔtheｉnforｍatiｏｎcenter.20、A)Every２4hｏurs．B)Every22ａndahａlfｈours.Ｃ）Everｙmorning.D)Ｅveryｎｏon.21、A)Aｔ1１:40Moｎday.B）Aｔ11：4０Ｗedｎesday．C)At2２：3０Tuｅｓday.D）Aｔ2２:３０Wednesday．22、A）Thepasseｎｇeｒhasbookedatrａiｎtｉｃket.B)Thepasseｎgerｈaｓbｏokｅdaｐｌａneｔｉcket.C)Tｈepaｓｓengeｒｈaｓn’ｔｄeciｄｅｄｗhetｈerhewｉｌlgoｂｙtrａinorbｙplａnｅ.Ｄ)Tｈepasｓengｅrwillcomebaｃktｏbookatraiｎｔicket．Questiｏns２3ｔo25arebaseｄｏｎtｈecｏnversａt(yī)iｏnyｏｕhavejusthｅard.２３、A)Thegoodswereｄａmaｇedwｈenｔheworkeｒsuｎloaｄedthｅｍ.B）Ｔhegooｄswｅrenottｈesameｓｉzeａsthｅyhadｏrdered．Ｃ）Tｈequalityofｔhegoodswasnｏtwｈａｔtheyｈadordｅred.D)Theｙhadsoｍetｒｏubleｕnloadingtｈｅgoｏdsordereｄ.24、A)TheshippingdeparｔmｅntiｎＣａｒpｅnｔeｒanｄSons.B)TｈeshippiｎgdepａｒｔｍentｉｎＳchｒeiｎｅrInterｎatｉonaｌ.C)Theｐersｏniｎchargeoforderiｎgthｅgｏｏds.Ｄ）Ｔhｅpersoniｎchargeofuｎloａdingｔhegoods.25、A)Hｅｗoulｄｇivethecustomerｓomｅｄｉscouｎtfｏrtｈｅloadandｓｈｉpａloadofrｉghtｑｕalｉｔｙ.B)Hewoｕldcａｌｌbackaｎdtellｔｈｅcusｔomerwhentodｅliverｔhｅgoｏｄｓ.C)Hewouldcｈecktheｓtoｃkpositｉonandthendecideｗhentosendtheｇooｄs.D)Heｗｏuldchｅckonｔhｅcomputeｒsｏaｓtoｓeewhatdisｃounthecouldｇiveｈer.ＳｅｃtionＢＤireｃtionｓ:Inthiｓｓｅｃtioｎ,youｗilｌhear3shorｔpassageｓ．Attheenｄofeachpａssａgｅ,yｏuwｉlｌhｅarsoｍequestions．Ｂoｔhthepassageａndｔhｅquｅｓtｉonｓwillｂespｏkenonlyｏｎｃe．Aftｅryouheａraqｕeｓｔｉｏn,ｙｏuｍustcｈoosｅｔｈｅbestanswerfrｏmtheｆoｕｒchｏicｅsmarｋedＡ)，B),C)aｎdＤ).TｈｅnｍarｋtｈecｏrresｐoｎdingletteroｎA(yù)ｎｓｗerSheeｔ2withasinglelinethroughｔhｅｃenｔｅr.注意：此部分試題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。PａｓｓageＯnｅQueｓtiｏn26to2８ａreｂａseｄontｈｅpａｓsagｅyｏuｈaveｊuｓthｅａrd26、A)ItreferｓtofaｃｉａlexpｒessioｎsａndｇｅsturｅｓB）ＩtrefeｒsｔomｏvemｅntsｏftheｂｏdｙC）Itmeanｓthenon-verballanguaｇeorboｄylanｇuaｇｅD)Ｉtreｆerｓtｏtｈenodｄingoｒｓｈaｋingofｏｎe’sｈead２7、A)BｅcausesoｍesoｕndsａreharｄtopronounｃｅB)BeｃausetherearｅsharpdiffｅrｅnceｓｉｎｃulｔuｒesC)Ｂecａuｓeｔｈereｉsnogoｏdｌanｇuagｅe(cuò)nｖironmｅnｔD)Becausewemaynoｔunderｓtandnon－ｖｅrbａｌsignａlsｏfanotｈercuｌture28、Ａ)ByavｏidｉngeyｅcontａcｔｗitｈhimB）BｙdｉrectlｙlooｋingｉｎtohｉｓeｙｅsＣ)B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geisｆolloweｄbyｓomｅquestionsorunfinisｈeｄstaｔeｍents.ＦoreacｈoftheｍtherearefourchoｉcｅmａrkedA）,B),C)aｎｄD).YouｓhｏｕlddeｃiｄeonthebestcｈoｉceａｎdｍarktheｃｏｒrespondingletｔeroｎＡnsｗｅｒSｈeeｔ2ｗｉthasinglｅlinethrｏuｇhtheｃenter.ＰassａgeＯｎeQｕestｉｏns5７to61ａｒebaｓedonｔhｅfolｌｏwingpａssaｇｅ.Ｉｔwasoｎcebｅｌievedthatbｅｉｎgｏverｗeiｇhtwashealthy,ｂｕtnｏwａdaｙsfeｗpeｏpｌｅsubsｃｒibeｔｏthisvｉewpｏinｔ.Whｉleｍanyｐｅoplearｅfightingthebatｔletoreducｅweight,stuｄieｓａrebeｉngcoｎｄuctedconcｅrnｉngｔhｅapｐetiｔeaｎｄｈowitｉscoｎtｒolleｄbybotｈeｍｏtｉoｎalａndbｉｏｃhｅmｉｃaｌfactoｒs.Ｓomeofｔhecoｎcｌusioｎｓoｆthｅｓｅstｕdieｓmａｙｇｉvｅinsigｈtsintohｏｗｔｏdeaｌwｉｔhweｉghtproblems．Ｆorｅxａmple,whenｓeveｒaｌｈundreｄpeoplｅwereaskedａbouttheｉreａt(yī)inｇhaｂitｓintimeｓofｓtress,44perｃeｎｔsaidtheyreａcteｄｔosｔｒessfulｓitｕatiｏnsbyｅatｉnｇ.Furtherinｖｅｓtigaｔionsｗitｈｂothhｕｍaｎｓanｄanimaｌｓiｎdicａt(yī)edthaｔiｔiｓnoｔfoodｗｈichrelievesteｎsｉonbutrａt(yī)herthｅactofchewingＡtestinwhicｈsｕbjｅｃtswerｅblindfoldedshｏwedthatｏbｅsepｅoｐlehａｖeaｋeenｅrsenseｏfｔaｓteandcravｅmorefｌaｖorfulfoｏdｔhaｎnon－oｂｅsｅpeople.Ｗｈeｎdｅprivedｏfthevaｒiｅtｙandiｎｔeｎsiｔyｏfｔastes,ｏbesｅｐeoplｅarｅｎotsaｔisｆiedaｎdcｏnsequentｌyｅatmｏretofuｌｆｉllｔhisｎｅe(cuò)d.Bｌoodｓampleｓtakｅnfrompｅopleaftｅrtheywerｅshownapiｃｔureoffoodrevealedｔｈatoveｒwｅightpeoplｅreａｃtedwｉｔhanincreａseiｎｂloodiｎsuｌiｎ(胰島素）,achemiｃalasｓoｃｉａt(yī)ｅdwithａpｐｅtite.Thｉsdidnｏtｈappentｏaｖerage-ｗeiｇhtpｅｏｐle.Ｉｎanoｔherexperｉment,ｒesｕｌtsshoｗedthaｔｃerｔaｉnpeoplｅｈａveaspecific,ｂiolｏgicallyincｌudedhungerｆorcarbohydratｅｓ（糖類）.Eａｔｉngcarbohyｄrａt(yī)ｅsraｉseｓtheｌｅｖelofserotoniｎ(血清素),aneuｒotranｓmiｔteｒｉnｔhebrain.Enoｕgｈserotｏｎiｎpｒｏducｅsaseｎｓeofｓatiatiｏn,anｄｈunｇerfoｒcaｒboｈｙdraｔｅssubsｉdｅｓ.Ｅｘｅｒciｓeｈａsbeenrecommendedａsａnimｐortaｎtpaｒｔoｆaweighｔ-lossprogrａm.Ｈｏwever,ithａsbeenfounｄtｈａt(yī)mildexerciｓｅ,ｓｕchasusinｇthestaｉrsinsteaｄofthｅｅｌevａt(yī)or，isbettｅrinｔheloｎgrｕnｔhaｎtａkｉngｏnａstｒenuousｐrｏｇram,ｓuchasjogging,ｗhｉchｍａnｙpeｏｐlefｉnddiffiｃｕlｔｔocｏｎtｉnueoｖerlongｐerｉodsoftiｍｅandｗhicｈaｌsoｉncreasｅsappeｔｉte.注意:此部分次提請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡2上作答。57.Itcanｂeｉnfeｒｒedfｒomｔhepａｓｓagethａt(yī)_＿＿.A）oｖerweighｔpeopleａｒetｅnseB）thiｎpｅopｌedon’teatwhｅｎｕｎdｅrsｔreｓｓＣ)weightwａｔchersshｏuｌdcｈｅwonsomethｉnginｅdiｂlewhenｔｅnseD)56ｐｅrcｅnｔofｔheｐopulａt(yī)ｉoｎisn’tｏveｒweigｈｔ58．Ａccorｄingtotｈｅｐａssagｅ,ｉｎsuｌｉn＿＿＿．A)iｎｃreaｓｅsｉnthebｌoodstreaｍwｈenｐeoｐlｅe(cuò)ａt(yī)lａrｇｅamｏunｔｓofｆooｄＢ）ｃanbｅuｓeｄtolessentheappeｔiteC)causesａcｈeｍicalreaｃtiｏｎwｈenfoodｉsseeｎD）ｌｅvelsdon’ｔchａngｅinavｅrage-wｅiｇhtｐeoplewhoseefood５9．Inｏｒdｅrｔoｌosｅweigｈt,iｔwouldbｅagoodideafｏrheavｙpｅｏpletｏ＿＿＿.A)jｏｇthreemｉlesｄaｉｌyａndchewｏncａrｒｏtsｔicksB)aｖoidstressfulsｉtuatioｎsａｎdhavecontrｏｌovertｈeiｒeatiｎgｈabitｓC)eａｔｐlentyofcｈeｗyｃarbｏhｙdrateｓD)walｋupstaiｒｓaｎｄlｏokatpｉctｕｒeｓoffoｏd6０.Whichofｔhefoｌｌｏｗiｎgexｅｒｃiseｓｍightbebeｓtforａｎoverweightpersｏnｔｏengageiｎdaily？A)AnｅｖeningwalｋB）AlonｇsｗimC)Ｃroｓs－cｏｕntryｓkiingD）Ten-ｍilebicycleｒideｓ61.Ｗhaｔcaｎbesaｉdaboutseｒｏtｏｎin?A)Ｉtiｓａchemiｃalｔhatｉncreasestheaｐpetite.B）Onｌyｃertaｉnpeoｐｌｅｐrｏducｅitintｈeirbrains．C）Itteｌlsｔhｅbｒaiｎwhｅnａpeｒｓonisfuｌl.D）Ｉtneｕrotrａnsmｉtｓｃarbｏｈｙdratｅstothebrａin.PaｓsａgｅTwoＱuestions６2to66aｒebasｅdｏnthefoｌｌowiｎgpassage.Socialchangeｉsmｏreｌｉkｅｌytoｏcｃurｉnsｏcｉetieｓwhereｔｈｅreiｓamixtureoｆdifｆerentkiｎdｓofpeoplｅthaninsｏciｅtieswｈerepｅopleａrｅsｉmｉlaｒiｎｍanywａｙs.Ｔhesｉmplereasonfｏrｔhisiｓthattherｅareｍorediffeｒeｎtwaysofｌookingaｔthｉｎgspresｅｎtinthefｉrstkiｎdofsocieｔy.Ｔherearｅｍoreideas，mｏredｉｓagｒｅｅmenｔsinintereｓｔ，andｍｏregｒoｕpsanｄorganiｚaｔionswｉthdifferentbｅliefｓ.Inaddiｔion,ｔherｅiｓusuallyagreaterwoｒｌdlyinteｒestａnｄgreaｔertoｌeｒａｎcｅiｎｍixedｓｏcietiｅs.Allｔhesｅｆacｔoｒsｔeｎdtoprｏmoｔesoｃialcｈaｎgebyｏpenｉngmoｒeareasoflifeｔodｅcisｉon.Inａsｏcietywheｒｅｐｅoｐlearequiteｓimiｌariｎmaｎywaｙs;ｔhｅｒearｅfｅweroccasiｏnsforpeoｐleｔｏｓeetheneedoｒtｈeoｐportuniｔyfｏrｃhａngebeｃauseeveryｔhingseeｍｓtobｅthesaｍe.Ａｎｄalthoｕghcｏｎｄitｉonsmayｎｏtbesaｔiｓfａctory,theyareａt(yī)leastｃｕsｔomaryandｕｎdiｓpｕｔeｄ.Wｉthinａsociety，ｓｏcialｃhangeisａlsolikelytooｃcurmorefrｅquｅntlyaｎdmoreｒeａdilyｉntｈｅmateriａlaspectsoｆthecｕｌｔureｔhａｎｉｎｔhenon-ｍateriaｌ,forexａｍｐle,iｎtechnoｌogｙraｔｈerthaｎinvalｕｅs；inwhaｔhａsbｅe(cuò)nlearnedlateｒinlｉferatherthanwhatwａｓlearneｄeａｒｌy;ｉnthelessbasicandｌesｓemotｉoｎaｌaｓpectsｏfsｏｃietｙｔhanintｈｅiropｐoｓｉtes;inthｅsiｍｐlｅｅｌementsｒａt(yī)hｅrthaninthecoｍpｌexones；infoｒmratherｔhaninsｕｂstance;ａｎdinelementsthａt(yī)areａｃｃeptablｅtothecultureratherｔhａnｉnstｒａnｇeelemｅnts.Furtheｒmore,ｓｏcｉａlchanｇeｉseasierifitisgｒadual.Ｆorexamplｅ，itcｏｍesmorｅｒeａdilyoｎhumanrelａt(yī)ｉoｎｓoｎaｃoｎtinｕousscaleratｈertｈａnoｎewithshａｒpdicｈotｏmies(二分法）.ThisiｓｏneｒｅasonwhychangｅｈaｓnotcｏｍemorequｉｃkｌyｔｏBｌackAｍeｒｉcansａｓcｏｍｐaredtootｈerAmericanｍinｏrities,ｂecaｕseoftｈｅsｈaｒpdiffｅrencｅinappeａrancｅbetｗｅe(cuò)nｔhｅｍandtｈeiｒwhitｅｃounterｐarts.注意:此部分題請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡２上作答。62.Acｃordｉnｇtotｈepａsｓａgｅ,oneofthefactｏrstｈattｅndmｏtｅsocｉａlchａnｇeiｓ＿_(dá)＿.A)MutuaｌinterestB)ｄiffｅrentpointｓofviewC)ＭoreworlｄｌｙpｅopｌｅD)advancedtｅchnｏｌｏgy6３．Socialchａngｅisｌｅsｓlikelｙtoｏccurinaｓoｃietｙｗｈerepeoｐlearequiｔesimilaｒinmanywayｓbecause＿_(dá)_.A)pｅopｌeｔｈｅreaｒeaｌwaysｓatisfiedwiｔhtheiｒlivｉnｇcondｉtionsB）peopletherehavｅidenticalｎｅｅdｓｔhatcaｎbemetwiｔhｏuｔmuchdisputｅsC)ｐeopｌｅｔhｅrehaｖegoｔaccｕsｔoｍｅdtｏtheircｏndiｔｉonｓthattｈeyｓeldｏmthiｎkｉtｎecesｓaryｔoｃｈangeD)peopleｔｈerｅareleｓsemotionalａｎｄｅasytｏpleａse64.Acｃordingtothepａｓsage,wｈichoftheｆollowiｎgisNOTｔrｕe?A）Sociaｌchａngeｉsmorelikelｙtｏoccurinvaｌuｅｓ.B）Socｉａlchanｇeｉsｍｏrｅlikelytoｏccuｒintheｍaterialaspecｔsofsocｉeｔy.Ｃ)Socｉaｌcｈａngeismoreｌikelytooccurifｉtcomeｓgradually.D）Soｃialchangｅｔendsｔoｍeetwiｔｈmoｒedｉｆfiｃultyinbaｓicａndｅmotioｎaｌａspectsofsocieｔy.6５．Theexpｒesｓｉoｎ“gｒeatertoｌeｒancｅ”ｉnＰaragraph1refersto＿_(dá)＿..A)grｅａt(yī)ｅrwiｌlｉｎgnesstoaｃｃeptｓocｉalcｈangeＢ)ｑuiｃkeｒadopｔiｏｎtochangingcirｃｕmsｔanｃes.C)ｍｏｒerespecｔｆordiｆfｅｒentbelieｆsaｎdbｅhavｉoｒD)gｒeatｅｒreadinesstｏagreetodiffeｒｅｎtopiniｏｎsａｎdiｄeas.66.Theｐassaｇemaｉnlydiscusses.A)twodiｆｆeｒentsocieties.B)tｈenecｅssityofsocｉalchａngeC)dｉfferentsｏcｉaｌｃｈangesD)cｅｒtａiｎｆａcｔoｒｓtｈaｔdeterminetheeａｓewiｔｈwhｉcｈｓocialchangｅsoccurPaｒｔVＣloze（1５minｕtes)Direｃtioｎｓ：Ｔhereare20bｌａnksｉnｔhefollowiｎｇpａssａgｅ．ForｅachｂlａnｋtｈeｒeａｒefourｃhoicesmaｒkeｄA）,B),Ｃ)ａndＤ）ontｈeｒightsiｄeoftｈepaper.ＹouｓhouldchooｓeｔheONEtｈaｔbeｓtfitsintotheｐａｓsaｇｅ.ThenｍarｋthecorｒesｐondingleｔteronAnsｗerShｅe(cuò)t２withasｉnｇｌelineｔhｒｏughｔheｃenteｒ.Asciｖｉlization（67)_intｈedｉrectioｎofｔeｃhnoｌogy,it(6８）＿ｔhｅｐointoｆsuｐplyｉngallthebasicｅssｅntiaｌsoflife－ｆoｏd,（6９）_,clｏthes,anｄｗarmth.Tｈenｗｅａrefａceｄwitｈachｏiｃｅbｅｔwｅe(cuò)nusｉnｇtechnolｏgyｔo（70）＿aｎdｆulfiｌlｎeeｄswｈｉchhavebeｅnregardedasｕｎｎｅcessaryｏｒ,(7１）_,usinｇtechnologytoreｄuceｔhｅ(72）_ofｈourｓinorｄeｒto（73)_agｉvｅnｓtanｄarｄofliving．Iｎothｅｒwｏrdｓ，weeiｔhｅr（74)_oursｔaｎｄａrｄofｌivingａboveｔhatis