2023屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)：虛擬語氣-In“If”Clause教學(xué)課件 (共31張PPT)

Subjunctive

Mood

虛擬語氣的主要內(nèi)容一、非真實(shí)條件句（if等）中的虛擬語氣時(shí)態(tài)一致

2.混合條件句3.含蓄條件句4.倒裝句5.Ifonly感嘆二、名詞性從句的虛擬語氣：賓語從句、主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句三、幾種特殊的虛擬語氣句式wish、asif/though、wouldrather、It’stime…It’snecessary/strange/matural/inportant+that從句陳述語氣

陳述事實(shí)或提出看法,有肯定,否定,疑問或感嘆等形式Iwenttothetheatreyesterday.

Jackhadn’tcomebackhomeyet.祈使語氣請(qǐng)求,邀請(qǐng),命令,警告或勸告等

Let’sgo.

Don’ttouchanythingonthetableuntilthebellrings.一.語氣的分類虛擬語氣虛擬語氣是一種特殊的動(dòng)詞形式，一是用來表示說話人所說的話不是一個(gè)事實(shí)，而是一種假設(shè)、猜測(cè)、懷疑等(在條件從句中或讓步狀語從句中)；一是表示說話人的愿望、要求、命令、建議等(在賓語從句、主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句)。虛擬語氣的概念虛擬語氣一、在條件從句中(叫虛擬條件句)，表示與事實(shí)相反的條件。分三種情況(以do為例)：虛擬語氣在在條件從句中表示與事實(shí)情況相反條件從句的謂語形式主句的謂語形式表示現(xiàn)在情況過去式(did)(be常用were)Would/could/might/should(用于第1人稱)+動(dòng)詞原形(do)表示過去情況過去完成式(had+done)Would/could/might/should+havedone表示將來情況①過去式(did)/(were)②should+do③weretodoWould/could/might/should+do1.IfI

had

HIV,I

wouldknow

becauseIwouldfeelsick.2.IfI

were

you,I

wouldgive

AIDSpatientahug.3.IfI

hadtaken

youradvice,I

wouldn’thavemade

amistake.4.Ifhe

hadbeen

there,it

wouldn’thavehappened.（與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反）（與過去事實(shí)相反）5.Ifit

shouldrain

tomorrow,they

wouldn’tgo

foranouting.6.Ithinkwe

coulddo

it,ifwe

planned

itproperlyandcouldborrowthetools.7.Ifwe

weretohave

threedaysoff,wewouldenjoyaveryhappylife.(與將來事實(shí)相反)2、錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間的虛擬句通常情況下,在非真實(shí)條件句中主句和從句的謂語動(dòng)詞所指時(shí)間是一致的,但有時(shí)也可能指不同的時(shí)間,這時(shí)要根據(jù)上下文的意思采用不同的謂語動(dòng)詞形式.1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavetakenhisadvice.(從句指現(xiàn)在,主句指過去)。2.IfIhadtakenmyraincoatwithmethismorning,Iwouldnotbewetnow.(從句指過去,主句指現(xiàn)在)。3.Ifwehadn’tbeenworkinghardinthepastfewyears,thingswouldn’tbegoingsosmoothly.（從句指過去，主句指現(xiàn)在）。4.Iftheweatherhadbeenmorefavorable,thecropswouldbegrowingstillbetter.（從句指過去，主句指現(xiàn)在）。5.Ifwehadnotgoteverythingreadybynow,weshouldbehavingamoreterribletimetomorrow.（從句指現(xiàn)在，主句指將來）

3、含蓄條件句有時(shí)假設(shè)的情況并不以條件從句表示出來,二是暗含在上下文中,比如通過介詞短語來表示。這些介詞常是：butfor,without,otherwise等。如：

Butforyouradvice,Icouldnothavedoneitsosuccessfully.如果不是聽了你的建議，我就不會(huì)做的如此成功。Thechangecouldnothavetakenplacewithouttheopen-doorpolicy.沒有開放的政策，就不會(huì)有如此大的變化。Iwassobusythen,Otherwise,Iwouldhavetoldhimtheanswer.我當(dāng)時(shí)很忙，否則，我就會(huì)把答案告訴他的。虛擬語氣4、省略if的條件從句當(dāng)從句中有were,had

或should

時(shí)，可省略if，而把它們放在句首。IfIweretomeethimtomorrow,Ishouldaskhimaboutit.

WereItomeethimtomorrow,…Ifheshouldfailintheexperimentthistime,hewouldtryagain.Shouldhefailintheexperiment…

Ifyouhadcomeafewminutesearlier,youwouldhavemethim.虛擬語氣在在條件從句中Hadyoucomeafew….5.Ifonly…要是就好了

IfonlyI

knew

hisname!

Ifonlywe

hadfollowed

youradvice!!

IfonlyI

couldsee

himagain!要是我們的父母能和我們住在一起就好了。要是我沒錯(cuò)過火車就好了！Ifonlyourparentscouldlivewithus!IfonlyIhadn’tmissedthetrain!a.Ifthey____(be)here,they__________(take)youradvice.b.Iftheworld-war_____(burst)outagain,what_____________(happen)toourpeopleonearth?werewouldtakeburstwouldhappenPRACTICE1:Fillintheblanks.c.Ifthepoliceman________(benot)inthatroomnow,it________(be)verydangerous.d.IfI____(be)inyourpositionatthistime,I_________(ask)forteacher’shelp.werenotcouldbewerewouldaskIfhe__________morecarefully,

he_________________thecaraccidentyesterday.haddriven

wouldnothavehad

a.IfTom________(be)morecarefulintheexam,he________________(pass)italready.b.Ifyou_______(get)upearlier,you________________(catch)thefirsttrain.hadbeenwouldhavepassedhadgotwouldhavecaughtPRACTICE2:Fillintheblanksc.IfI_______(meet)youyesterday,we______________(go)totheconcerttogether.hadmetwouldhavegone3.

名詞性從句的虛擬語氣。主要是表示命令、要求、建議的虛擬語氣。賓語從句。常見動(dòng)詞：一個(gè)堅(jiān)持：insist兩個(gè)命令：order,command

三個(gè)建議：advise,suggest,propose五個(gè)要求：demand,require,request,desireask

這些動(dòng)詞后面的賓語從句要使用虛擬語氣用法。即從句中的動(dòng)詞使用should+動(dòng)詞原形，或者將should省略。我們建議Tom去休息一下。他堅(jiān)決要求我到場(chǎng)。國王命令囚犯明天要實(shí)施死刑。他們要求我們派他們?nèi)ツ莾汗ぷ?。WesuggestedthatTom

have

arest.HeinsistedthatI

(should)be

present.Thekingorderedthattheprisoners

bekilled

thenextday.Theyrequestedthatwe

(should)send

themtoworkthere.虛擬語氣在：在賓語從句中

注意:insist/suggest各有兩意思，要用不同的語氣①表“堅(jiān)決要求”,虛擬,should+do;②表“堅(jiān)稱,堅(jiān)持說”,陳述語氣,表事實(shí)。①表“建議”，虛擬,should+do;②表“表明、暗示”，用陳述語氣。Theteachersuggestedthatwe______________moreafterclass.（我們課后多練習(xí)）Thelookonherfacesuggestedthatshe________happyHeinsistedthatallofus___________thereontimebyanymeans.（我們大家想盡辦法按時(shí)去那兒）Heinsistedthathe_____________thewallet(沒有偷錢包).insistsuggest(should)practisewasshouldbedidn’tsteal

以上動(dòng)詞相應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句包括主語從句，表語從句和同位語從句也要使用虛擬語氣。從句中的動(dòng)詞形式一樣。即：(should)＋V.

order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desireIt’ssuggestedthattheplan

becarriedout.Mydemandisthatshe

shouldcome

toseemeonceaweek.Allofusarefortheadvicethatthechemicalfactory

shouldbe

closeddown.二：虛擬語氣特殊句型：wish

的賓語從句現(xiàn)在：過去：將來：過去時(shí)（were）過去完成時(shí)would/could/might+V.shouldIwishIwereabird.（現(xiàn)在）IwishIhadn’tmadesuchamistake.（過去）Wewishourparentswouldn’tpunishus.

（將來）asif,asthough引起的從句，其用法同wish構(gòu)成的賓語從句一樣Asif/though和wish用法相同Helooksasifheweredrunk.Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.Itseemsasifitwerespring.Irememberedthewholethingasifithadhappenedyesterday.2.wouldrather(that)現(xiàn)在：過去：將來：Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.

Iwouldratheryouhadgone,too.Don’tcome.Iwouldratheryoucame

tomorrow.過去時(shí)過去時(shí)過去完成時(shí)3.It’s(about/high)time+(that)…should+V.過去時(shí)你該走了。我們?cè)撊ニX了。It’shightimethatyouwent.It’shightimethatyouweregoing.It’shightimethatyoushouldgo.It’stimethatwewenttobed.It’stimethatweshouldgotobed.(Should不可省略)4.

It’snecessary/strange/natural/important+that-Clause

從句中的動(dòng)詞要用虛擬，即（should）+動(dòng)詞原形Itisimportantthatwe

(should)master

aforeignlanguage.Itisstrangethatshe

refuse

tocometotheparty.It’snecessarythatwe

shouldstudy

hard.虛擬語氣Alan___thepartyifhehadgonetoLondon.A.wouldhavemissedB.hadmissedC.wouldmissD.missed2.—Itwasthedrug，notthedisease，thatkilledtheboy.—Hewouldbestillalivetodayifhe________thatdrug.A.nottake

B.hadn’ttakenC.didn’ttake

D.shouldn’thavetakenExercises虛擬語氣3.IfonlyI___tomyparents!(ButIdidn’t.)A.listenedB.hadlistenedC.shouldlistenD.wouldlisten4.TomsuggestedthatAnn___thehouse.A.sellB.soldC.shallsellD.wouldsell5.Iwishthisbus___totheuniversity.A.goB.wentC.hasgoneD.hadgone虛擬語氣6.Simonlooksasthoughhenever___asquaremeal(吃得飽),thoughhisparentsfeedhimverywell.A.getB.gettingC.gotD.shouldget7.HeistalkingsomuchaboutAmericaasifhe___there.A.hadbeenB.wereC.wasD.been8.I___yousomemoney,butIhadn’tgotanythen.A.wouldlendB.wouldhavelentC.couldlendD.mayhavelent虛擬語氣9.–HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?--No,butIwishI___.A.haveB.willC.doD.