創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)浙江專用2017屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)第二部分基礎(chǔ)語法巧學(xué)巧練專題六情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣課件

專題六情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣⊙怎么考在語篇中考查：1.情態(tài)動詞的基本用法(情感、態(tài)度和推測)；2.某些情態(tài)動詞的“偏義”用法，如：shall，must，won’t等；3.虛擬語氣的考查?！言趺磳W(xué)在平時(shí)的閱讀與學(xué)習(xí)中，注意情態(tài)動詞的基本用法，掌握虛擬語氣的句型公式?！言趺唇饧?xì)心體會上下語境，把握作者或語篇中人物的情感態(tài)度，然后確定情態(tài)動詞的選擇。Ⅰ.體驗(yàn)考向用適當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動詞或所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.(2016·北京卷)Ilovetheweekend，becauseI________getupearlyonSaturdaysandSundays.2.(2016·浙江卷)George________(go)toofar.Hiscoffeeisstillwarm.3.(2015·湖南卷)Thatis，you________alwaysrelyjustontheInternetforyourresearch.4.(2015·北京卷)—Can’tyoustayalittlelonger? —It’sgettinglate.Ireally________gonow.Mydaughterishomealone.5.(2015·江蘇卷)Itmighthavesavedmesometrouble________Iknowntheschedule.6.(2015·天津卷)IwishI________(be)atmysister’sweddinglastTuesday，butIwasonabusinesstripinNewYorkthen.7.(2015·陜西卷)You________feelallthetrainingawasteoftime，butI’mahundredpercentsurelateryou’llbegratefulyoudidit.8.(2015·重慶卷)Withouthiswartimeexperiences，Hemingwaywouldn’t________(write)hisfamousnovelA

Farewell

to

Arms.答案1.needn’t

[考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：我喜歡周末，因?yàn)槊糠曛芰?、周日我不需要早起。]2.can’thavegone

[考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：喬治不可能已經(jīng)走得太遠(yuǎn)。他的咖啡溫乎。can’thavedone表示對過去否定的推測，意為“不可能做了……”。]3.shouldn’t

[那就是你不應(yīng)該總是僅依靠網(wǎng)絡(luò)來進(jìn)行研究。根據(jù)語境和句意得知表示不應(yīng)該，故用shouldn’t。]4.must

[考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：——你就不能多待會兒嗎？——天晚了，我現(xiàn)在必須得走了。我女兒一個(gè)人在家呢。]5.had

[考查虛擬語氣。句意：要是知道安排，我可能會省去一些麻煩。這是與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣，從句謂語使用haddone的形式，此句是將had提前，省略if的形式。]6.hadbeen

[考查虛擬語氣。句意：我真希望上周二參加我妹妹的婚禮，但是那時(shí)我正好在紐約出差。wish后面跟從句時(shí)，從句謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣。]7.may

[考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：你或許覺得所有的訓(xùn)練都是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間，但是我百分之百確信，你以后會感激自己做過的一切。]8.havewritten

[考查虛擬語氣。句意：如果海明威沒有戰(zhàn)爭經(jīng)歷的話，他就不會寫出著名的小說《永別了，武器》。此處表示對過去發(fā)生的事情的虛擬，介詞短語without...相當(dāng)于ifhehadn’thadhiswartimeexperiences，故主句謂語要用wouldn’thavedone。]Ⅱ.考點(diǎn)集訓(xùn)集訓(xùn)?單句語法填空1.(2015·重慶卷)You________beCarol.Youhaven’tchangedabitafteralltheseyears.2.(2015·福建卷)—Sorry，Mum！Ifailedthejobinterviewagain.—Oh，it’stoobad.You________(make)fullpreparations.3.(2015·安徽卷)Itisluckywebookedaroom，orwewould________(have)nowheretostaynow.4.(2014·重慶卷)I’veorderedsomepizza，sowe________worryaboutcookingwhenwegethometired.5.(2014·湖南卷)IfMr.Dewey________(be)present，hewouldhaveofferedanypossibleassistancetothepeoplethere.6.(2013·四川卷)—Whyareyoureyessored？Youcan’t________(sleep)welllastnight. —Yeah，Istayeduplatewritingareport.7.(2012·廣東卷)Hewalkedinasifhe________(buy)theschool.8.(2012·重慶卷)—________youinterruptnow？Can’tyouseeI’monthephone? —SorrySir，butit’surgent.答案1.must

2.shouldhavemade

3.have

4.needn’t5.hadbeen

6.haveslept

7.wouldbuy

8.Must集訓(xùn)?根據(jù)提示用適當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動詞完成下列短文，然后朗讀或背誦，在語境中體會情態(tài)動詞的用法。MissFang__1__(cannot)readforverylongwithoutgettingaheadache.Hermothertoldherthatshe__2__gototheHealthServiceandseeadoctor.“You__3__seeadoctorassoonaspossible，”shesaid.“You__4__needglasses.”WhenMissFanghadfreetime，shewenttotheHealthService.Theappointmentclerksaidthatthedoctor__5__seeherat3：30.MissFangrepliedthatshe__6__notbeabletobethereat3：30becauseshehadaclassthen.“Thedoctor__7__takeyouatabouttentofour，”theappointmentclerksuggested.“__8__Iputyoudownfortentofour，or__9__yourathercometomorrow？”MissFangthoughtshe__10__(shallnot)wasteanymoretime.Theteacher__11__beunhappyifsheaskedforpermissiontoleavetheclassalittleearly，ashewasalwayssokindtoeveryone.Andshereplied，“IthinkI__12__makeitattentofour.”MissFangwenttotheclass.Sheaskedherteacher，“__13__Ileaveat3：45today？I__14__haveaneyeexamination.”Asexpected，theteachersaid，“Yes，ofcourseyou__15__.”答案1.couldn’t

2.should

3.should

4.might

5.could6.would

7.might

8.Shall

9.would

10.shouldn’t11.shouldn’t12.can

13.May/Can

14.must

15.can■知識胸有成竹一、情態(tài)動詞的6種特殊用法1.can/could的否定式與比較級連用表示最高級。2.can/could的否定式與enough或too(much)連用表示“再……也不為過”。3.must可表示“偏要，硬要”，常用于疑問句或條件狀語從句。4.may/mightaswell表示“最好；不妨”。5.would可表示過去的習(xí)慣，與usedto相比，前者常表示過去反復(fù)的動作，后者常表示過去的狀態(tài)或習(xí)慣，現(xiàn)在已不復(fù)存在。6.should有時(shí)表示說話人對某事感到意外、驚奇，意為“竟然會”。二、“情態(tài)動詞＋havedone”的2類用法1.對過去發(fā)生的事情或狀態(tài)進(jìn)行推測musthavedone(過去)一定……；語氣比較肯定；用于肯定句may(might)havedone(過去)可能……；語氣不確定；用于肯定句和否定句can(could)havedone用于否定句和疑問句，表示懷疑或不確定2.表示“與過去事實(shí)相反”couldhavedone過去本可以做某事但實(shí)際上沒做needn’thavedone過去本不必做某事但實(shí)際上做了oughtto/shouldhavedone過去本應(yīng)該做某事但實(shí)際上沒做oughtn’tto/shouldn’thavedone過去不應(yīng)該做某事但實(shí)際上做了mighthavedone過去可能做某事但實(shí)際上沒做三、虛擬語氣用于條件狀語從句中的4種情況1.虛擬語氣在if條件句中的運(yùn)用類別從句謂語動詞主句謂語動詞與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反過去式(be用were)should/would/could/might＋動詞原形與過去事實(shí)相反had＋過去分詞should/would/could/might＋have＋過去分詞與將來事實(shí)相反過去式(be用were)should/would/could/might＋動詞原形should＋動詞原形wereto＋動詞原形2.虛擬條件句中的省略與倒裝

如果虛擬條件句中含有were/had/should，有時(shí)可把if省略，把were/had/should提到主語之前形成倒裝；若為否定形式，not不可提前。3.錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句

有時(shí)條件句的動作與主句動作發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致，這時(shí)動詞的形式應(yīng)根據(jù)它們各自表示的時(shí)間加以調(diào)整。4.含蓄條件句

有時(shí)假設(shè)的情況不用條件句表達(dá)，而是用butfor，without等介詞(短語)來表達(dá)或用連詞or，otherwise等暗示后文與前面情況相反。四、虛擬語氣用于名詞性從句中的4種條件1.在“Itis＋important/necessary/natural/strange/essential/vital/apity＋that...”句型中，謂語動詞用(should＋)動詞原形。2.在wouldrather(that)后的賓語從句中，從句的謂語動詞如果表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)硪l(fā)生的動作，從句用一般過去時(shí)；如果表示過去發(fā)生的動作，從句用過去完成時(shí)。3.句中含有以下單詞或變形時(shí)，該句中的名詞性從句(賓語從句、表語從句、主語從句、同位語從句)部分常用虛擬語氣，其謂語動詞形式為“should＋動詞原形”，其中should可以省略。4.wish后賓語從句中的虛擬語氣虛擬語氣從句謂語動詞與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反過去式(be動詞一般用were)與過去事實(shí)相反had＋過去分詞與將來事實(shí)相反would/could＋動詞原形五、3個(gè)特定句式中的虛擬語氣句型結(jié)構(gòu)過去虛擬現(xiàn)在虛擬將來虛擬ifonly引導(dǎo)的條件句及感嘆句had＋過去分詞過去式(be動詞一般用were)would/could/should/might＋動詞原形asif/though引導(dǎo)的表語從句及方式狀語從句had＋過去分詞過去式(be動詞一般用were)would/could/should/might＋動詞原形Itis(high)time(that)...過去式或“should＋動詞原形”集訓(xùn)?奔向高考

閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Oneday，apoorboywhowastryingtoearnmoneyby__1__(sell)newspapers，wassohungry__2__hedecidedtobegforamealatthenexthouse.However，whena__3__(love)youngwomanopenedthedoor，heaskedforadrinkofwaterinstead__4__ameal.Shethoughthelookedhungrysoshebrought__5__(he)alargeglassofmilk.Hedrankitslowly，andsaid“Thankyou.”Withthesewords，HowardKellyleft.Yearslaterthewomanbecame__6__(serious)illandwasfinallysenttothehospitalwhereHowardKellyworked.He，nowfamous，heardthenameofthetown__7__shecamefrom.Dressedinhisdoctor’sclothes，Dr.Kellyrecognizedheratonce.Hedecidedtosaveherlife.Atlastthewoman__8__(save).Dr.Kellypaidthefinalbillandthenwrotesomethingontheside.Whenthebillwassenttothewoman’sroom，thenoteonthesideofthebill__9__(catch)herattention.Shereadthese