初中一般過(guò)去時(shí)-精講

一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)（TheSimplePastTense)介紹1.定義：一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用；也表示過(guò)去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常和表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。2.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞變化：1.be動(dòng)詞2.行為動(dòng)詞（實(shí)義動(dòng)詞）3.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)： yesterday lastnight in1990 twodaysago等返回首頁(yè)巧記時(shí)態(tài)什么是一般過(guò)去時(shí)？動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、情況或存在的狀態(tài)。也表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。行為動(dòng)詞(即實(shí)義動(dòng)詞)的過(guò)去式?jīng)]有人稱和數(shù)的變化。所有時(shí)態(tài)都是通過(guò)動(dòng)詞變化來(lái)表現(xiàn)的謂語(yǔ)構(gòu)成1.動(dòng)詞be2.動(dòng)詞have,has3.助動(dòng)詞do,does4.行為動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式was,werehaddid一般過(guò)去時(shí)以動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式來(lái)表示，沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化.(was,were除外)I

wenttoschoolyesterday.They

wenttoschoolyesterday.I___12yearsoldthisyear.我去年11歲.I____11yearsoldlastyear.He____inBeijingnow.他昨天在上海。He____inShanghaiyesterday.他現(xiàn)在在北京。Pleaselookatthesentences我今年12歲.amwasiswasThey____inChinatoday.他們今天在中國(guó)。They____inJapanyesterday.他們昨天在日本。areweream/iswasarewere每天，早餐我吃雞蛋和牛奶。I____eggsandmilkforbreakfasteverymorning.昨天，早餐我吃面條。I____noodlesforbreakfastyesterdaymorning.他每天都吃水果。He_____fruiteveryday.昨天他吃了3個(gè)蘋果。He_____3applesyesterday.have/hashadhavehashadhadIgetupat6:30everymorning.I___upat9:00lastSunday.Heplaysfootballeveryafternoon.He_____basketballyesterdayafternoon.Hedoeshishomeworkeveryevening.He____somereadinglastnight.動(dòng)詞原形、第三人稱單數(shù)動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式gotplayeddidTheydon’twatchTVintheevening.They_________TVlastnight.Shedoesn’tplaybasketballafterschool.She_________basketballafterschoolyesterday.Doyougotoschoolonfooteveryday?___you__toschoolonfootyesterday.Doeshegotoschoolbybuseveryday?___he___toschoolbybusyesterday?don’t/doesn’tdo/doesdidn’tdiddidn’twatchdidn’tplayDidDidgogo一般過(guò)去時(shí)的謂語(yǔ)構(gòu)成：由動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式構(gòu)成規(guī)則變化1.一般加ed2.以e結(jié)尾加d3.末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，先雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母，再加ed.work—workedchange—changedprefer—preferredstop—stopped

規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式的構(gòu)成1、一般詞尾加-ed。如：stay→stayed

help--helpedask--asked

look→lookedwatch--watched2、e結(jié)尾的只加-d。如：hope→hoped

love--loved

dance--dancedlive→lived

live--lived

3、末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，先雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母，再加ed.

如：stop→stopped

plan(計(jì)劃)→planned

drop--dropped

beg--begged4、以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，y改為i,

再加-ed。

carry--carriedstudy--studiedhurry--hurried5.不規(guī)則變化.(見(jiàn)不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表P148)

過(guò)去式加-ed

的讀音1、在清輔音后，讀清輔音/t/。worked/kt/helped/pt/passed/st/washed

/t/

watched

/t/2、在濁輔音和元音后，讀濁輔音/d/。played/

d/carried/id/answered/d/

lived/vd/used/zd/called/ld/3、在/t,d/音后面,讀/id/。

wanted/tid/needed/did/

finished

enjoyedshoutedmoved

helped

wantedcalled

needed

/t//d//Id//d//d//t//Id//Id/grow--grewknow--knewthrow--threwblow--blewwrite--wrotedrive--droveride--rodeget--gotforget--forgotlend--lentsend--sentspend--spentsay--said*/sed/pay--paidstand--stoodunderstand--understoodlet--letput--putcut--cutread--read*am,is--wasare--weredo--didgo--wenthave--hadsee--sawcan--couldmay--mightdig--dugeat--atefind--foundmake--madehear--heardrun--rantake--tookhold--heldspeak--spokeleave--leftkeep--keptsleep--sleptsweep--swepttell--toldsell--soldbegin--begansing--sangsit--satswim--swamring--ranggive--gavebring--broughtbuy--boughtthink--thoughtteach--taughtcatch--caughtcome--camebecome--became不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式

巧記不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式

1.中間去e，末尾加t

如：

keep→kept，feel→felt，

sleep→slept，sweep→swept

2.結(jié)尾d變t

如：

build→built，lend→lent，

send→sent，spend→spent

3.遇見(jiàn)i改為a

如：ring→rang，sit→sat，drink→drank，

sing→sang，swim→swam，begin→began，

give→gave4.“騎(馬)”“開(kāi)(車)”“寫(字)”——把i變o

如：ride→rode，drive→drove，write→wrote

5.“想”“買”“帶來(lái)”“打仗”——ought換上

如：think→thought，buy→bought，

bring→brought，fight→fought

6.“教書(shū)”“抓住”——aught切莫忘

如：

teach→taught，catch→caught

7.ow/aw改為ew是新時(shí)尚

如：know→knew，grow→grew，

throw→threw，draw→drew

8.“放”“讓”“讀”過(guò)去式與原形一樣

如：

put→put，let→let，read→read/red

寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式：runborrowgrowwatchwritesmileopenbeginswimcarrystudyfinishuselivewakekeepsaycleanbuyplaylearnseereadstopgothinkbehappengivebecomegetrainstaypassanswerwentthoughtwas/werehappenedgavebecamegotrainedstayedpassedansweredusedlivedwokekeptsaidcleanedboughtplayedlearnt/edsawreadstoppedranborrowedgrewwatchedwrotesmiledopenedbeganswamcarriedstudiedfinished三、一般過(guò)去時(shí)基本用法

1.表示在過(guò)去時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)

LiuJiegotupat7:10thismorning.

Hewasastudentthreeyearsago.2．表示過(guò)去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。ZhangYuan

always

wenttoschoolbybikelastyear.3．表示已故人所做的事情。

LeiFenghelpedlotsofpeople

inhislife.

(雷鋒一生幫助了許多人。)4.表示過(guò)去所發(fā)生的一系列動(dòng)作，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。MissLiugotupatseveno’clockthismorning,dressed,hadbreakfast,andwenttowork.

四、一般過(guò)去常用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般都有明顯的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，它們可以是單詞/短語(yǔ)或從句。1.yesterday,yesterday/morning/afternoon/evening，thedaybeforeyesterday等；2.lastnight(week，month，winter,year,Monday,Tuesday…)等；3.“時(shí)間段+ago”：amoment/

twodays/ashorttime

ago,

anhourago等；4.由“介詞+一時(shí)間名詞”短語(yǔ)：onFriday,onMondaymorning,onApril15,onthenightofOct.1,

in1998，……5.頻度副詞：often,always

,但是句中必須有l(wèi)astyear等修飾；6.其它：then,justnow,once,以及由after或before構(gòu)成的介詞短語(yǔ)等7.由某些表示過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)的從句等。

e.g.

Igotupatfiveyesterday,butIdidn’tgetupsoearlythismorning.

DidhewatchTVlastnight?IwasinGradeOnelastyear.1.與ago

連用：amomenttwominutesthreehoursfivedaysoneweeksixmonthsfouryearsago用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)lasttimenightweekmonthtermMondayyesterdaymorningafternooneveningthedaybeforeyesterday2.與last

連用3.與yesterday

連用：4.與one

連用：onemorningeveningdayMondayafternoon5.與that

連用：thatmorningwinterdayyearjustnowintheolddaysinthosedaysin1980theotherdayatthattimeonceuponatime6.其他時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：1?？隙ň洌?/p>

主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式

主語(yǔ)

+

be動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式(was/were)e.g.

Weplayedfootballyesterday.

Iwasintheofficelastnight.一般過(guò)去時(shí)的肯定句行為動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)的否定式一般過(guò)去時(shí)的否定式是在動(dòng)詞原形前加助動(dòng)詞didnot(didn’t).主語(yǔ)+didn’t+動(dòng)詞原形I

_________

themthenews.I____(tell)themthenewsyesterday.didn’t

telltold行為動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)的疑問(wèn)式一般過(guò)去時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)式在句首加助動(dòng)詞didDid+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形……？They______(finish)theirworkatfour.一般疑問(wèn)句:____they_____theirworkatfour?Yes,they_____.No,they_____.finishedDidfinishdiddidn’t行為動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)的疑問(wèn)式一般過(guò)去時(shí)的特殊疑問(wèn)式疑問(wèn)詞+did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形……？Theyfinishedtheirwork

atfour.AB對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)A:B:What

did

they

doatfour?When

did

they

finishtheirwork?T注意1.外加助動(dòng)詞did后,動(dòng)詞須返回原形。Didhewenttoschoolyesterday?Didhegotoschoolyesterday?F2.簡(jiǎn)略回答用助動(dòng)詞did/didn’t代替行為動(dòng)詞。Didhefindtheboyyesterday?－Yes,hedid.－No,hedidnot(didn’t).1.look2.live3.stop

4.go5.hope6.trip

7.call 8.eat9.want10.are11.go12.have13.do14.get 15.come16.say17.see18.put19.read

20.takelookedlivedstoppedwenthopedtrippedcalledatewantedwerewenthasdidgotcamesaidsawputreadtook寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式21.buy22.sing23.hear24.make25.find26.break27.think28.fall29.write30.beboughtmadefoundbrokethoughtfellwrotewas/weresangheardI.改錯(cuò)題HowisJaneyesterday?_____________________Hegetstoschoolatsixyesterday.______________Heoftengoeshomeat6:00lastmonth.__________Icanflykitessevenyearsago._______________Didyousawhimjustnow._______________Tomwasn’twatchTVlastnight._____________Ididmyhomeworklater._______________