中考英語(yǔ)二輪專題復(fù)習(xí) 閱讀理解 健康類一（含答案）

…………○…………外…………○…………裝…………○…………外…………○…………裝…………○…………訂…………○…………線…………○…………※※請(qǐng)※※不※※要※※在※※裝※※訂※※線※※內(nèi)※※答※※題※※…………○…………內(nèi)…………○…………裝…………○…………訂…………○…………線…………○…………一、閱讀理解（共5題）1、Monday,January21stI'mavirus(病毒)forthecommoncold.IthasbeenalongtimesinceIinfected(感染)humanslasttime.TodayItriedtoinfectaboyinaprimaryschoolallday.HisnameisSam.Iwaitedonhisdesktop,andwhenhetouchedthedeskIjumpedonhisfinger.Unluckily,Samdidn'ttouchhiseyes,mouthornose.Then,rightafterclass,hewashedhishands.NowI'mfullofsoapandsittinginasink!Tuesday,January22ndThismorningIjumpedintothenoseofSam'sbestfriend,Bill.Unluckily,themucus(粘液)inhisnosecaughtme.Ithoughtitwasoverforme,whensuddenlyBillsneezedwhilehewastalkingtoSam.IknewthatwouldsendmerightintoSam'sface!However,SamquicklygaveBillatissue,andBillsneezedintothatinstead!InfectingpeopleisharderthanIimagined.Wednesday,January23rdI'mfeelingveryunhappytoday.SomescientistscaughtmyfriendHarryandputhimunderamicroscope.Harryisafluvirusandhe'sadangerouslittleguy.Besides,Samatallhisvegetablestoday.He'sexercising,adhe'sgettingeighthoursofsleepeverynight.Hisbodyistoostrongforme!Thursday,January24thItriedtoinfectSamagaintoday,buthewashedhishandsfivetimesandnevertouchedhisface!Healsogavetissuestoeverystudentinhisclasswhowassneezing.It'simpossibletogivehimacold!SoIhavetogiveupandI'mmovingtoanotherschool.24.Accordingtothepassage,lifeofthevirusforthecommoncoldcouldbe________.A.easy

B.lucky

C.dangerous

D.difficult25.Theunderlinedword"his"inthepassagerefersto_________.A.Sam's

B.Bill's

C.Harry's

D.Bill'sfriend's26.Thewriteristryingtotellusthat________________.A.virusesfeelhappy,sadandangryjustaspeopledoB.weshouldbefriendlywhenotherpeoplearoundyouaresickC.it'simportanttoprotectyourownbodyagainstvirusesD.manyvirusesaroundusliketoinfectboysinprimaryschools27.Thebesttitleforthepassageabovemightbe"____________________".A.DangerofaVirus

B.HabitofaVirus

C.DiaryofaVirus

D.LetterofaVirus2、【2019?山東臨沂】Doyouoftenlistentomusicatloudvolumes(音量)?Youshouldknowthatthishabitisbadforyourhearing.Over1billionyoungpeopleareatriskofhearingloss(聽力喪失),becauseoflisteningtoloudnoiseforlongperiodsoftime.ListeningtomusicorwatchingaTVshowatloudvolumescanharmyourhearing.TheUnitedNationshasstandardsforsafelistening.Itisnotsafetolistentosoundsthatarelouderthan85dB(分貝)foreighthoursor100dBfor15minutes.Thesoundofabusyroadisabout85dBandthesoundofarockconcertcanbeabout100dB.Loudnoiseisharmfultotheinnerear.Mostofusarebonwithabout16,000haircells(聽毛細(xì)胞)inourinnerears.Thesecellsnoticesounds.However,listeningtoloudnoiseforalongtimecanmakethesecellsworktoohardandcausesomeofthemtodie.Thisiswhatcauseshearingloss.Oncethishappens,it'shardtogetyourhearingback.Somepeoplemightthinkthattheirmusicisn'tallthatloud.Butthiscandependonwhereyouare.Forexample,ifyouareinanoisyplacelikethesubway,youmightturnupyourmusictooloudwithoutrealizingit.Later,whenyoulistentoitatthesamevolumeinaquietplace,youalightfeeluncomfortableThe"safelevel"formostsoundisbelow80dBforupto40hoursaweek.Alevelof80dBisaboutequalto(相當(dāng)于)thenoiseofasubway.Hereissomeadviceonsafelistening.Over-the-earheadphones

(頭戴式耳機(jī))arebetterthanin-earones.Theydoabetterjobofstoppingoutsidenoise,soyoucanlistenatalowervolume.Don'tlistentoloudmusiconyourheadphonesforalongtime.Followthe60:60rule:listentomusicat60percentofyourheadphones'maximumvolumefornomorethan60minutesaday.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷下列句子正誤。正確的用“A”表示，不正確的用“B”表示。30.Itissafetolistentosoundsthatarelouderthan100dBfor15minutes.________31.Listeningtoloudnoiseforalongtimecancausesomehaircellsintheinnereartodie.________32.Fromthefourthparagraph,weknowpeopledon'talwaysrealizehowloudtheirmusicis.________33.In-earheadphonesarebetterthanover-the-eatonesbecausetheycanstopmoreoutsidenoise.________34.Thisarticlemainlytellsuswhyearsareanimportantpartofourbodies.________3、【2019?湖北省孝感】Lastnight,aschoolnight,my11-year-oldson'sbaseballteamplayedagamethatlasteduntil9:30.Bythetimewegothomeandhehadaquickdinnerandshower,itwas10:30-anhourandahalflaterthanachildwhogetsupat6:30shouldbegoingtobed.Welovebaseball.Mysonishavingfun,gettingexercise,andlearningpatience,teamworkandsportsspirit.Butthetruthisthatthegamealsoinfluenceshissleep.Asparents,wewantgoodthingsforourchildren.Wewantthemtobehealthybothinbodyandinmind.Tothisend,welookforwaystohelpourkidsgrowanddevelop.Wehelpthemwiththeirhomework.Wesignthemupfordance,soccerandbaseball.Weencourageourkidstotakehonorscourses（培優(yōu)課程）ortohaveafter-schooljobs.Andwepraisethemforhard-earnedsuccessandachievements.However,theironyisthatalloftheseactivitiesandresponsibilitiesthatwearegivingourchildrentomaketheirlivescolorfulcouldbebadlyinfluencingtheirhealthandtakinghappinessaway.Activities,responsibilities,andgoalsaregood.Butifwewantourkidstorealizetheirfullphysical,learningandsocialability,sleepisimportant.Wehavetostarttakingsleepseriously.Parentsmakebedtimeroutinesandcarryout（執(zhí)行）strictrulesaboutnighttime.Butinfact,

thesemeasures（措施）aren'tenoughbecausegettingourkids,enoughsleepisn'tjustaboutcarryingoutstricterbedtime.Itactuallyrequiresmorethanthat.Inordertoensureourkidsgetthesleeptheyneed,boutparentsandschoolsshouldmakeaneffort.31．Fromthepassageweknowthewriter'sson________A．isn'tgoodatsports

B．wastestimeeverynightC．can'tgetenoughsleep

D．a(chǎn)lwayshangsoutwithfriends32．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"irony"meaninChinese?A．光榮

B．驕傲

C．諷刺

D．公正33．Whatdoesthewriterthinkoftakinghonorscoursesatlast?A．Boring.

B．Unnecessary.

C．Interesting.

D．Enjoyable.34．Howcanwemakesurekidsgetenoughsleepaccordingtothewrite?A．Bymakingthechildren'slivescolorful.B．Byrefusingalltheafter-schoolactivities.C．Bycarryingoutstrictrulesaboutbedtime.D．Bymakinganeffortfromparentsandschools.35．Whatwouldthewriterprobablytalkaboutinthefollowingparagraph?A．Adviceonhowtosleepwell.

B．Waysofchangingkids’education.C．Theimportanceofsleepingwell.

D．Measuresparentsandschoolsshouldtake4、Lastnight,aschoolnight,my11-year-oldson’sbaseballteamplayedagamethatlasteduntil9:30.Bythetimewegothomeandhehadaquickdinnerandshower,itwas10:30-anhourandahalflaterthanachildwhogetsupat6:30shouldbegoingtobed.Welovebaseball.Mysonishavingfun,gettingexercise,andlearningpatience,teamworkandsportsspirit.Butthetruthisthatthegamealsoinfluenceshissleep.Asparents,wewantgoodthingsforourchildren.Wewantthemtobehealthybothinbodyandinmind.Tothisend,welookforwaystohelpourkidsgrowanddevelop.Wehelpthemwiththeirhomework.Wesignthemupfordance,soccerandbaseball.Weencourageourkidstotakehonorscourses（培優(yōu)課程）ortohaveafter-schooljobs.Andwepraisethemforhard-earnedsuccessandachievements.However,theironyisthatalloftheseactivitiesandresponsibilitiesthatwearegivingourchildrentomaketheirlivescolorfulcouldbebadlyinfluencingtheirhealthandtakinghappinessaway.Activities,responsibilities,andgoalsaregood.Butifwewantourkidstorealizetheirfullphysical,learningandsocialability,sleepisimportant.Wehavetostarttakingsleepseriously.Parentsmakebedtimeroutinesandcarryout（執(zhí)行）strictrulesaboutnighttime.Butinfact,thesemeasures（措施）aren’tenoughbecausegettingourkids,enoughsleepisn’tjustaboutcarryingoutstricterbedtime.Itactuallyrequiresmorethanthat.Inordertoensureourkidsgetthesleeptheyneed,boutparentsandschoolsshouldmakeaneffort.41.Fromthepassageweknowthewriter’sson________.A.isn’tgoodatsports

B.wastestimeeverynightC.can’tgetenoughsleep

D.alwayshangsoutwithfriends42.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"irony"meaninChinese?A.光榮

B.驕傲

C.諷刺

D.公正43.Whatdoesthewriterthinkoftakinghonorscoursesatlast?A.Boring.

B.Unnecessary.

C.Interesting.

D.Enjoyable.44.Howcanwemakesurekidsgetenoughsleepaccordingtothewrite?A.Bymakingthechildren’slivescolorful.

B.Byrefusingalltheafter-schoolactivities.C.Bycarryingoutstrictrulesaboutbedtime.

D.Bymakinganeffortfromparentsandschools.45.Whatwouldthewriterprobablytalkaboutinthefollowingparagraph?A.Adviceonhowtosleepwell.

B.Waysofchangingkids’education.C.Theimportanceofsleepingwell.

D.Measuresparentsandschoolsshouldtake.5、Therearemanywaystohelpimproveyourhealthlikeeatinghealthyfood.Takingexerciseandgettingmedicalhelp.Buttheeasiestandcheapestwaytoimproveyourhealthisjusttosleepeighthoursormoreeverynight.Thegeneralsleepingruleisthattheyoungeryouare,thelongersleepyouneed.Butregardlessof(不管)age,somepeopleneedtosleepmorewhileforsomeafewhoursisenough.Theproblemwithsleepisthatmoreandmorepeopleintheworldarenotsleepingenough.AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganizationoverhalfthepeopleintheworldmaybesleep-deprived.Havinglesssleepnotonlymakespeoplefeeltiredbutalsocausesaccidents.IntheUnitedStatesalone,sleepydriverscauseatleast100,000trafficaccidentsayear.Alsosleepproblemscancausemedicalproblemssuchashighbloodpressure(血壓).Whyaresomanypeoplesleep-deprived?Partofthereasonsmaybecultural.IntheAmericanculture,peopleputahighervalueonworkthanonsleep.Infact,peopelewhosleepalotareusuallvseenas＂lazy＂.Also,youcansometimeshearsomepeoplesayproudlythattheydon’thavemuchtimetosleep.theyonlysleepfourorfivehoursanight.Itseemsthatthelessyousleep,themoreworkyou’lldo.Howdoweteachthesepeopletolearnthevalueofsleep?PerhapstheymaylistentotheadviceofDr.JamesMaasanexpert(專家)insleep.Hesays,＂Sleepislikeacredit(信用卡)card.Whenyousleepless.youareonlyborrowingtime.Youalwayshavetopayitback.Themorehoursyoudon’tsleep,themorehoursyoushouldtsleepto‘payback’thehoursonyour‘sleepcreditcard.’＂Forthosewhovalueworkmorethansleep,theyshouldlistentowhatafamouspersononcesaid.＂Don’tthinkyouwillbedoinglessworkbecauseyousleepduringthenight.Thatisafoolish(愚蠢的)ideawhichisheldbypeoplewhohavenoimagination.Youwillbeabletodomore.＂41.Accordingtothewriter,theeasiestandcheapestwaytoimprovehealthisto_________.A.eathealthyfoodeveryday

B.takeexcrciseasmuchaspossibleC.getmedicalhelpwhenevernecessary

D.sleepeighthoursormoreeverynight42.Whatdoes＂slecep-deprived＂meaninParagraph2?A.Havingagoodsleep.

B.Excitedaboutsleep.C.Havinglesssleep.

D.Interestedinsleep.43.AccordingtoDr.JamesMaas.whatissleeplike?A.Anhour.

B.Areport.C.Acreditcard.

D.Apieceofpaper.44.WhatdothewordsofthefamouspersonmeaninParagragh5?A.Sleepingduringthenightisfoolish.

B.Sleepingduringthenightishelpful.C.Peoplehavenocourage.

D.Peoplealwaysdolesswork.45.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage’?A.TheValueofSleep

B.TheValueofStudyC.TheWaysofEatingLess

D.TheWaysofMakingMoney============參考答案============一、閱讀理解1、24.D

25.B26.C27.C

2、【解析】本文主要講述了長(zhǎng)時(shí)間聽大音量的音樂會(huì)對(duì)我們的聽力造成傷害。30.根據(jù)第一段tisnotsafetolistentosoundsthatarelouderthan85dB(分貝)foreighthoursor100dBfor15minutes.聽8小時(shí)大于85分貝（分貝）或15分鐘大于100分貝的聲音是不安全的。所以此句和原文是矛盾的，故用B表示。31.根據(jù)第二段However,listeningtoloudnoiseforalongtimecanmakethesecellsworktoohardandcausesomeofthemtodie.然而，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間聽大噪音會(huì)使這些細(xì)胞工作得太辛苦，導(dǎo)致其中一些細(xì)胞死亡。所以此句和原文是一致的，故用A表示。32.根據(jù)第四段Forexample,ifyouareinanoisyplacelikethesubway,youmightturnupyourmusictooloudwithoutrealizingit.比如當(dāng)你在地鐵的時(shí)候，你可能會(huì)把你的音樂調(diào)得太大而沒有意識(shí)到。所以當(dāng)人們?cè)诒容^嘈雜的環(huán)境時(shí)，可能不能意識(shí)到音樂的聲音有多大，故此題說法和原文一致，故用A表示。33.根據(jù)原文Over-the-earheadphones(頭戴式耳機(jī))arebetterthanin-earones.Theydoabetterjobofstoppingoutsidenoise,可知頭戴式耳麥比耳麥好，它們?cè)谧柚雇饨缭胍舴矫孀龅酶?。故此句說法和原文是相反的，故用B表示。34.通過閱讀全文可知，本文主要講了長(zhǎng)時(shí)間聽大音量的音樂會(huì)對(duì)聽力造成傷害，而并沒有講為什么耳朵是我們身體的重要組成部分，此選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤，故用B表示。3、【短文大意】短文關(guān)注的是學(xué)生睡眠不足的問題，指出鼓勵(lì)孩子參加培優(yōu)課程或參加課外活動(dòng)會(huì)嚴(yán)重影響孩子的睡眠健康，呼吁父母和學(xué)校應(yīng)該做出努力確保孩子們得到他們需要的睡眠。31．題意：從文章中我們知道作者的兒子睡眠不足?？疾榧?xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)itwas10:30-anhourandahalflaterthanachildwhogetsupat6:30shouldbegoingtobed.和Butthetruthisthatthegamealsoinfluenceshissleep.可知作者的兒子睡眠不足，Hecan'tgetenoughsleep.符合句意，故選C。32．題意：帶下劃線的單詞“irony”在漢語(yǔ)中是什么意思?考查詞義理解。根據(jù)下文alloftheseactivitiesandresponsibilitiesthatwearegivingourchildrentomaketheirlivescolorfulcouldbebadlyinfluencingtheirhealthandtakinghappinessaway.可知我們的善意可能會(huì)帶來壞的結(jié)果，這是很諷刺的，故選C。33．題意：最后，作者對(duì)參加培優(yōu)課程有什么看法?考查觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。A.無(wú)聊的；B.不必要的；C.有趣的；D.愉快的。根據(jù)Activities,responsibilities,andgoalsaregood.Butifwewantourkidstorealizetheirfullphysical,learningandsocialability,sleepisimportant.可知培優(yōu)課程對(duì)于孩子們而言不是必要的，故選B。34．題意：我們?nèi)绾未_保孩子們有足夠的睡眠?考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Inordertoensureourkidsgetthesleeptheyneed,boutparentsandschoolsshouldmakeaneffort.可知需要父母和學(xué)校做出努力，Bymakinganeffortfromparentsandschools.符合文意，故選D。35．題意：在接下來的段落中，作者可能會(huì)談?wù)撌裁?考查推理判斷。A.關(guān)于如何睡好覺的建議。B.改變孩子們的教育方法。C.睡好覺的重要性。D.父母和學(xué)校應(yīng)該采取的措施。根據(jù)Inordertoensureourkidsgetthesleeptheyneed,boutparentsandschoolsshouldmakeaneffort.可知接下來會(huì)談?wù)摳改负蛯W(xué)校如何做才能確保孩子們有足夠的睡眠，Measuresparentsandschoolsshouldtake符合文意，故選D。4、【文章大意】短文關(guān)注的是學(xué)生睡眠不足的問題，指出鼓勵(lì)孩子參加培優(yōu)課程或參加課外活動(dòng)會(huì)嚴(yán)重影響孩子的睡眠健康，呼吁父母和學(xué)校應(yīng)該做出努力確保孩子們得到他們需要的睡眠。41.C題意：從文章中我們知道作者的兒子睡眠不足?？疾榧?xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)itwas10:30-anhourandahalflaterthanachildwhogetsupat6:30shouldbegoingtobed.和Butthetruthisthatthegamealsoinfluenceshissleep.可知作者的兒子睡眠不足，Hecan’tgetenoughsleep.符合句意，故選C。42.C題意：帶下劃線的單詞＂irony＂在漢語(yǔ)中是什么意思?考查詞義理解。根據(jù)下文alloftheseactivitiesandresponsibilitiesthatwearegivingourchildrentomaketheirlivescolorfulcouldbebadlyinfluencingtheirhealthandtakinghappinessaway.可知我們的善意可能會(huì)帶來壞的結(jié)果，這是很諷刺的，故選C。43.B題意：最后，作者對(duì)參加培優(yōu)課程有什么看法?考查觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。A.無(wú)聊的；B.不必要的；C.有趣的；D.愉快的。根據(jù)Activities,responsibilities,andgoalsaregood.Butifwewantourkidstorealizetheirfullphysical,learningandsocialability,sleepisimportant.可知培優(yōu)課程對(duì)于孩子們而言不是必要的，故選B。44.D題意：我們?nèi)绾未_保孩子們有足夠的睡眠?考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Inordertoensureourkidsgetthesleeptheyneed,boutparentsandschoolsshouldmakeaneffort.可知需要父母和學(xué)校做出努力，Bymakinganeffortfromparentsandschools.符合文意，故選D。45.D題意：在接下來的段落中，作者可能會(huì)談?wù)撌裁?考查推理判斷。A.關(guān)于如何睡好覺的建議。B.改變孩子們的教育方法。C.睡好覺的重要性。D.父母和學(xué)校應(yīng)該采取的措施。根據(jù)Inordertoensureourkidsgetthesleeptheyneed,boutparentsandschoolsshouldmakeaneffort.可知接下來會(huì)談?wù)摳改负蛯W(xué)校如何做才能確保孩子們有足夠的