自考高級(jí)英語上冊(cè)Lesson 13 work

Lesson13workexceedingextraordinaryorexceptionalexceedingly:extremely極其。

irksomeirk:toannoy,esp.inaprovokingortediousway令人討厭。如:Itirksmetodosuchtediouswork.

做這樣無聊的工作讓我相一致感到厭煩

irksometendingtoirk令人厭倦的，厭煩的。－some.加在名詞、動(dòng)詞或形容詞上構(gòu)成形容詞。另如:lonesome孤獨(dú)的，冷落的;quarrelsome愛吵架的;troublesome麻煩的;wearisome使人疲勞的，令人厭煩的。

excessmorethanorabovewhatisnecessary超過部分，過多。如:Youshouldpayfortheexcess.Excessofsorrowlaughs,excessofjoyweeps.悲極而笑，喜極而泣。anexcessofanger/anexcessofenthasiasm

極其憤怒/熱情。carrysomethingtoexcess把事情做得過火。inexcessof超過。如:Hvided(that):conj.ifandonlyif;onconditionthat.

如果，只要。如:Provided(that)thereisnoopposition,weshallproceedtocarryouttheplan.如果沒有反對(duì)，我們就開始執(zhí)行計(jì)劃。Providedyoupayhimhewilltakethework.

merereliefoftediumrelief:feelingofcomfortattheendingofanxiety,fearorpain放松。如:Whatarelief!

心里多么放松啊！reliefofpain/anxiety緩解痛楚/緊張。ataloss:bewilderedoruncertain

不知所措。如:ForamomentIwasataloss.有一陣子我不知所措。Hewasatalossforanexplanationoftheaffair.Weareatalosstounderstandhismotive.我們對(duì)于他的動(dòng)機(jī)一點(diǎn)也不能理解。exeriseMakeuseof應(yīng)用，運(yùn)用I’mexerisingmyrighttoaskforthereceipt.我在行使索要發(fā)票的權(quán)利。ChinaresumedexerisingitssovereigntyoverHongKonginLuly,1997.中國于1997年7月恢復(fù)對(duì)香港行使主權(quán)。drudgery:苦工drudge:apersonwhodoesmenial,dullorhardwork.勤苦地做單調(diào)乏味的苦工的人。sensation(s):

widespreadexcitementorinterest.轟動(dòng)激動(dòng)。firstandforemost:首先，最主要的。如:Thoughhehaswrittenmanybooks,he'sfirstandforemostapoet.盡管他寫過幾本書，他首先是個(gè)詩人。Firstandforemost,wemusthavefreedom.Desirable,desirousDesirable:tobedesired,worthhaving,satisfactory想要的，值得有的，不錯(cuò)的Thereareseveraldesirablehousesinthisstreet.這條街有幾棟不錯(cuò)的房子。Desirous:feelingdesire向往的，渴望的HeisdesirousofobtainingapositionintheCivilService.他非常想在政府機(jī)關(guān)謀取一個(gè)職位。

impair:tomakeworse;damage損害如:Hisreputationwasimpairedbyhismistakes.他的聲譽(yù)受到他的錯(cuò)誤的損害。Hisexcessiveworkimpairedhishealth.他過度的工作損害了他的健康。atlarge(放在名詞后面):asawhole整個(gè)的，一般的。如:Boysatlargelikesports.男孩一般喜愛運(yùn)動(dòng)。thepublicatlarge社會(huì)大眾。Theescapedprisonerisstill

atlarge.

越獄犯依然在逃。inthelongrun:intheend.從長遠(yuǎn)來說，最后。如:inthelongrun,youhavetopaythepriceforyourfollies.你最終要為你的愚蠢付出代價(jià)。Youwillbenefitinthelongrun.你最終會(huì)受益。

procure:obtainsth.bycarefulattentionoreffort獲得。如:Heprocuredmeemployment.他為我謀得一份工作。Kill,spendKilltime:findwaysofpassingthetimewithoutbeingbored消遣，消磨時(shí)光Thetrainwasverylate,sowekilledbyplayingcards.火車太慢，所以我們打牌消磨時(shí)間。Spendtime:度過HespendaweekendinLondon.他在倫敦度過周末。outletMeansofreleasing;wayout發(fā)泄的途徑；出路，出口Childrenneedanoutletfortheirenergy.兒童的精力需要發(fā)泄出來。Switzerlandhasnooutlettothesea.瑞士沒有入?？?。DerivesthfromsthObtainsthfromsth;trace

sthfrom得到；追根求源Notallstudentscanderivepleasurefromtheirstudies.不是所有學(xué)生都能從學(xué)習(xí)中獲得樂趣。ManyEnglishwordsderivefromLatin.許多英語單詞來源于拉丁語。outwitWinordefeatbybeingclevererormorecunningthansb以智勝過Twoprisonersoutwittedtheirguardsandgotaway.有兩個(gè)囚犯設(shè)計(jì)欺騙了警衛(wèi)逃走。Thestoreoutwittedtherobbersbyputtingphonyjewelsinthedisplaycase.商店把假珠寶放在陳列盒里騙過了盜賊。Varied,variableVaried:ofdifferentsorts各種各樣的Hehadhadavariedtraining,andhadheldmanyoffices.他受過各種訓(xùn)練，擔(dān)任過許多工作。Variable:varying,changeable變化的，可變的Theweatherisextremelyvariablehere.這里的天氣變化無常。maximum:(being)thehighestamount,value,ordegreethatcanbereached最大限度。如:Hesmokesamaximumof30cigarettesaday.Mysalaryisnotatitsmaximumyet.我的工資還未到最高水平。Itrequiresyourmaximumeffort.maximize:最大化。如:maximizeone’spotential/profits最大限度發(fā)揮潛力/獲得利益。反義詞:minimum最少。如：Itrequiresaminimumoffiveday‘swork.aminimumoftemperature/wage/height最低氣溫/工資/身高。minimizetheconsequences/therisks./theformalities將后果/風(fēng)險(xiǎn)/手續(xù)減到最少。CallforsthRequire,demandorneedsth.要求，需要Thesituationtherecallsforimmediateaction.那里的形勢(shì)需要立即采取行動(dòng)。ThemodernsocietycallsforthosewhoknowsEnglishandcomputerverywell.現(xiàn)代社會(huì)要求人們熟練掌握英語和計(jì)算機(jī)。atanyrate:inanyevent;inanycase不管怎樣。如：Iwillleavehimaloneatanyrate.apt:likely,havingatendency常會(huì)，容易（有某種傾向）。如：Acarelesspersonisapttomakemistakes.Atone’sbestInthebestcondition處于最佳狀態(tài)Hewasnotathisbestonthelastgame.他上次比賽狀態(tài)不佳。Hewasathisbestinthedebateyesterdayandgotapllausefromtimetotime.他在昨天的辯論中表現(xiàn)出最佳狀態(tài)Apttodo易于做，趨于Heisapttogetangry.他動(dòng)不動(dòng)就生氣。Thenaughtyboyisapttomaketroubleinclass.那個(gè)淘氣的男孩愛上課搗亂。Beabout,beaptBeaboutto:bejustgoingtodo即將，正要Hemetherinthedoorwayjustasshewasabouttogoaway.她正要離開，他在門口碰到她。Beaptto:likelytodo易于Heiscleverboybutapttogetintomischief.他是個(gè)聰明的孩子，但是好搗亂。Actual,literalActual:existinginfact,real實(shí)在的，真實(shí)的Canyougivemetheactualfigures.你能給我確切的數(shù)字嗎？Lieral:takingwordsintheirusualandobvioussense按照字義的Theliteralmeaningoftheword“cat”isananimalnotagirl.“cat”的本義是動(dòng)物而不是女孩。demolishV.Destoryorteardown摧毀，拆除Theoldbuildingwasdemolishandanewonewillbeputup.舊樓被拆除，新樓即將建立。Demolition.N.theactionofdemolishing破壞，毀壞Thereweresomedemolitionsofpublicpropertyintheschool.學(xué)校的公共財(cái)產(chǎn)遭到破壞。PretenseN.Falseappearance虛偽，偽裝Hemadeapretenseofbeinghappyattheparty.晚會(huì)上他假裝很高興。Pretend:v.Giveanappearancethatisnottrue.偽裝