Unit 6 語法講練【知識精講+拓展延伸】 九年級 英語教材精講課件（人教版）

人教新目標九年級上冊Unit6Whenwasitinvented?Unit6Whenwasitinvented?SectionA

GrammarFocus—4c語法課公開課

Talkaboutthefollowinginventionsusingthepatterns:A:Whenwasitinvented?

B:Itwasinventedin1976.A:Whowasitinventedby?B:ItwasinventedbySteven.A:Whatisitusedfor?B:Itisusedfor...RevisionReviewChina_______________tea.It__________inmanydifferentareas.Forexample,AnxiandHangzhou_______________fortheirtea.Teaplants__________onthe_____ofmountains.Whentheleavesareready,they____________________andthen__________for_________.Thentea__________and_____tomanydifferentcountriesandplacesaroundChina.It_____thatmanypeople____________________drinkChinesetea.aregrownsidesarepickedbyhand

aresentprocessingallovertheworldisfamousforisproducedarewidelyknownispackedsentseemsGrammarFocusWhenwasthezipperinvented?Itwasinventedin1893.Whowasitinventedby?ItwasinventedbyWhitcombJudson.WhenwasteabroughttoKorea?ItwasbroughttoKoreaduringthe6thand7thcenturies.Whatisthehotice-creamscoopusedfor?It’susedforservingreallycoldice-cream.ActiveVoice:AlexanderGrahamBellinventedthetelephonein1876.PassiveVoice:Thetelephonewasinvented(byAlexanderGrahamBell)in1876.Readthesentencesandtranslatethem.PracticeFillintheblanksaccordingtogrammarfocus.1.拉鏈是什么時候被發(fā)明的？___________thezipper________?2.它于1893年被發(fā)明。It_______________in1893.3.它是由誰發(fā)明的？___________itinvented______?4.是由惠特科姆?賈得森發(fā)明的。It________________WhitcombJudson.5.茶葉什么時候被帶到朝鮮的？__________tea_________toKorea?6.是在六到七世紀之間被帶到朝鮮的。It____________toKorea________the6thand7thcenturies.7.熱冰淇淋勺用來做什么？What___thehotice-creamscoop_________?8.它用來盛很涼的冰淇淋。It’s_________________reallycoldice-cream.9.貝爾于1876年發(fā)明了電話機。AlexanderGrahamBell_________thetelephonein1876.10.電話機在1876年被貝爾所發(fā)明。Thetelephone________________AlexanderGrahamBellin1876.

WhenwasinventedwasinventedWhowasbywasinventedbyWhenwasbroughtwasbroughtduringisusedforusedforservinginventedwasinventedbyRevisionCompletethesentencesaccordingtotheChineseandpictures:Thecars______________in1885.汽車在1885年被發(fā)明。Flowers___________inthegardenlastyear.去年鮮花被種在花園里。Theman________tothehospitalanhourago.一小時前那個人被送到醫(yī)院去了。wereinventedwereplantedwassent1.AlexanderGrahamBell于1876年發(fā)明了電話機。AlexanderGrahamBell_________thetelephonein1876.2.電話機在1876年被貝爾所發(fā)明。Thetelephone______________________AlexanderGrahamBellin1876.inventedwasinventedbyActiveVoicePassiveVoiceGrammarFocusWhenwasthezipperinvented?Itwasinventedin1893.Whowasitinventedby?ItwasinventedbyWhitcombJudson.WhenwasteabroughttoKorea?ItwasbroughttoKoreaduringthe6thand7thcenturies.Whatisthehotice-creamscoopusedfor?It’susedforservingreallycoldice-cream.ActiveVoice:AlexanderGrahamBellinventedthetelephonein1876.PassiveVoice:Thetelephonewasinvented(byAlexanderGrahamBell)in1876.探究語法規(guī)律Whatdidyoufindout?

探究一：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)的概念和轉(zhuǎn)換主動語態(tài)：主語AlexanderGrahamBell是動作invent的執(zhí)行者。主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)：主語Thetelephone是動作invent的承受著。AlexanderGrahamBellinventedthetelephonein1876.Thetelephonewasinvented(byAlexanderGrahamBell)in1876.主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)主(執(zhí)行者)謂賓(承受者)①②③主(承受者)謂by(執(zhí)行者)

Edison

invented

thelightbulb.Thelightbulb

wasinvented

byEdison.主語謂語動詞主動語態(tài)(過去時)賓語主語謂語動詞被動語態(tài)(be+V-ed)介詞+賓語Howtochangetheactivevoiceintopassivevoice?◆主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法①主動語態(tài)的主語變成by引導的介詞短語放在主謂結(jié)構后面，有時可以省略。②主動語態(tài)的謂語動詞變成“was/were+及物V-ed”形式。③主動語態(tài)的賓語變成被動語態(tài)的主語。Practice將下列句子改為被動語態(tài)Weplantedtreeslastweek.主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)解題步驟1.找賓語----即動作的承受者2.判斷賓語的單復數(shù)----即be動詞的單復數(shù).3.把謂語改成was/were+V.過去分詞5.修改原句的主語----即by+主語/賓語.賓變主,主變賓,前加by動變被,看清be,結(jié)構分別be+ppTree

wasplanted

byus.4.判斷新主語的單復數(shù):確定be動詞的單復數(shù)He

washed

hiscaryesterday.

Hiscarwaswashed(byhim)yesterday.Didyou

cleanup

yourroomlastnight?Wasyourroomcleaneduplastnight?主動語態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的注意事項：幾種特殊的被動語態(tài)①“不及物動詞+介詞/副詞”(介詞/副詞不與動詞拆開或漏掉)e.g.Themancutdownthetree.→②在主動句中,使役動詞(如make等)和感官動詞(如see,watch,notice,hear等)后面常接不帶to的動詞不定式作賓語補足語;但在被動句中，這些詞后面的動詞不定式都帶to。e.g.WeheardMarysinginthenextroom.→

感官動詞一感二聽三讓四看主動句中to離開，被動句中to回來

WeoftenheardKatesingintheroom.

Thetreewascutdownbytheman.Marywasheard

tosinginthenextroom.Katewasoftenheardtosingintheroom(byus).③含有雙賓語的主動句變被動句時，如果直接賓語(物)作主語，則需在間接賓語(人)前加介詞to或for。e.g.Petergaveme

apen.間接賓語直接賓語a.IwasgivenapenbyPeter.④

有些動詞常用其主動形式表示被動意義，如sell,wash,write等和表示感覺、知覺的系動詞feel,sound,taste,smell等。e.g.Thiskindofdresssellswell.Thefishtastesverydelicious.含有雙賓語的主動句變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，通把指“人”間接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，而指“物的直接賓語則不變?nèi)绻阎浮拔铩钡闹苯淤e語變?yōu)橹髡Z，則在間接賓語前加to或for。b.ApenwasgiventomebyPeter.

Somefoodwasbroughttohim(byme).Ibroughthimsomefood.Whenwasthezipperinvented?Itwasinventedin1893.Whowasitinventedby?ItwasinventedbyWhitcombJudson.WhenwasteabroughttoKorea?ItwasbroughttoKoreaduringthe6thand7thcenturies.Whatisthehotice-creamscoopusedfor?It’susedforservingreallycoldice-cream.ActiveVoice:AlexanderGrahamBellinventedthetelephonein1876.PassiveVoice:Thetelephonewasinvented(byAlexanderGrahamBell)in1876.GrammarFocus探究語法規(guī)律Whatdidyoufindout?探究二：一般過去時被動語態(tài)謂語動詞的構成主語+was\were+done(過去分詞)+其他成分Tom

made

thenewmachinelastweek.Thenewmachine_____________byTomlastweek.wasmade一般過去時的被動語態(tài)的句式結(jié)構肯定句主語+was/were+及物動詞的過去分詞（+by…）否定句主語+was/were+not+及物動詞的過去分詞（+by…)疑問句Was/Were+主語+及物動詞的過去分詞（+by…)?特殊疑問詞+was/were+主語+及物動詞的過去分詞（+by...)?2.一般過去時的被動語態(tài)的基本用法用法示例表示過去某一具體時間發(fā)生的動作,且句子的主語是謂語動詞動作的承受者Thehousewasbuiltin1990.這所房子建于1990年。講述發(fā)生在過去的動作，且不知道動作的執(zhí)行者Hewashonoredwiththename“FatherofHybridRice”.他被授予“雜交水稻之父”的稱號。1.Theyoungmansavedthelivesofthechildren.2.Thevillagersdidn’tfindthelostboyatlast.3.Didyoucleanupyourroomlastnight?4.MymotherboughtmeanewCDplayer.將下列句子改為被動語態(tài)。Thelivesofthechildrenweresavedbytheyoungman.Thelostboywasn’tfoundbythevillagersatlast.Wasyourroomcleaneduplastnight?AnewCDplayerwasboughtformebymymother.Practice1.We________toreachforourdreamsinthegraduationceremonylastweek.(2021遼寧丹東)A.encourage B.areencouragedC.encouraged D.wereencouraged2.—________you________toJim’sbirthdaypartylastnight?—Yes,Iwas.ButIwastoobusytobethere.(2021遼寧朝陽)A.Did;invited B.Were;invite C.Was;invited D.Were;invitedDD3.—Eric,you_______togototheteachers’officejustnow.

What'sup?—Wearen'tallowedtobringphonestoschool.Em,butIbroketherule.(2021湖北黃岡)A.told B.tell C.aretold D.weretold4.—Whatabeautifuldress!Perfectforyou!

—Thankyou.It______bymymotherlastmonth.(2021湖南郴州)A.ismade B.wasmade C.madeDB5.TheplayTeahouse

________bythefamousChinesewriterLaoShe.(2021海南)A.wrote B.waswriting C.waswritten6.—WhyhaveIneverseenthiskindofmobilephone?—Becauseit________byHuaweilastmonth.(2021貴州銅仁)A.wasproduced B.wouldproduced

C.hasproduced D.areproducedCA1.EarthDay________in1970forthefirsttime,andtheDaynowincludeseventsinmorethan190countriesandregions(地區(qū)).(2020內(nèi)蒙古呼和浩特)A.celebrated B.wascelebrated C.iscelebrated D.hasbeencelebratedB2.Asthemostexcitingandtraditionalwaytoshop,streetmarkets_____hereandthereinChinathesedays.

(2020四川涼山)

A.find B.found C.arefound D.werefound3.—ThelastBeidouGEO-3_____intospacesuccessfully

onJune23,2020.—AsChinese,wefeelproudofit.

(2020湖北十堰)A.sendsB.sentC.issentD.wassentCD4.Assoonasbooks_______,thevolunteerspostedthemtothestudentsinHopePrimarySchool.

(2020江蘇南通)A.areraised

B.wereraised

C.raisedD.haveraised5.—Ourschoolsportsmeet_______nextweek.Whichsportwillyoutakepartin?—Thelongjumpandthehighjump.I’mgoodatjumping.

(2020湖北咸寧)A.holds

B.held

C.washeld

D.willbeheldBD6.—Whatlanguage_______inCanada?—BothEnglishandFrench.(2020黑龍江哈爾濱)A.isspoken B.speaks C.isspeakingA7.—WillyougotoLisa’shousewarmingpartynextSunday?—Well,ifI________,Iwillgoontime.

(2020山東濱州)A.inviteB.willinviteC.aminvitedD.willbeinvitedCRewritethesentencesusingthepassivevoice.1.Theysoldthefridgeatalowprice.

__________________________________________________Thefridgewassoldatalowprice.n.

冰箱adj.低的;矮的2.Somebodystolemycamerafrommyhotelroom.

__________________________________________________Mycamerawasstolenfrommyhotelroom(bysomebody).pron.

某人n.

重要人物3.Wheredidyoutakethesephotos?

___________________________________________________4.Ourparentsadvisedusnottogooutalone.

___________________________________________________5.Differentwriters

translatedthebookintodifferentlanguages.

___________________________________________________

___________________________________________________Wherewerethesephotostaken?Wewereadvisedbyourparentsnottogooutalone.Thebookwastranslatedintodifferentlanguagesbydifferentwriters.v.

翻譯Ourparentsadvisedusnottogooutalone．我們的父母建議我們不要單獨外出。advisev.

勸告；建議advisesb.about/onsth.

就某事向某人提出建議advisesb.todosth.

建議某人做某事advisesb.nottodosth.

建議某人不要做某事advisedoingsth.

建議做某事【語境應用】完成句子。1)

我們可以就教育方面的事情向他們提出建議。Wecan________________________education.2)

他建議等到明天。He________________untiltomorrow.advisedwaiting

advisethemabout/onalone,lonely

aloneadj.

單獨的；獨自的不能用于名詞前，強調(diào)一人的客觀狀態(tài)，只陳述一個客觀事實，在句中作表語。adv.

單獨；獨自；孤單地相當于byoneself，在句中作狀語。lonelyadj.

孤單的；寂寞可作表語也可作定語，強調(diào)心理狀態(tài)和主觀感受，突出感到孤獨和寂寞?！菊Z境應用】用alone或lonely完成句子。1)Mysisteris_______intheclassroomnow.Sheisfinishingherpainting.2)Daleisshyandalwaysfeels_______becausehehasfewfriends.3)Atheart,Mrs.Smithisa(n)_______woman.4)Idon’tlikegoingout_______atnight.alone

alonelonely

lonely【語境應用】根據(jù)首字母的提示補全單詞，使句子完整、通順。將完整的單詞寫在答題卷上。[2020新疆]Theyoungmanhasnofriendshere,sohefeelsl________.將下列句子翻譯成英語。[2020四川內(nèi)江]他太小了不能獨自去那兒。lonelyHeistooyoungtogotherealone.1.You____________tothepartylastnight,weren’tyou?Whydidn’tyougo?2.Theearthquakehappenedallofasudden, butluckilythevillagers____________toasafeplace.wereinvitedeat,like,invite,tell,lock,ring,break,bringwerebroughtCompletethesentenceswithcorrectformsoftheverbsinthebox.v.鎖上

n.

鎖突然;猛地v.(使)發(fā)出鐘聲或鈴聲；打電話3.Thedoor__________whenwearrived,sowe__________thebell.4.Thestudents___________nottoeatordrinkinclass,butRuby__________therulewhenshestartedeatingabiscuitinscienceclass.5.Thecookies__________bythehungrykidsinlessthan20minutes,andtheyreally__________them.waslockedrangbrokeweretoldwereeatenlikedn.

鐘聲;鈴聲n.

餅干n.

曲奇餅eat,like,invite,tell,lock,ring,break,bringThetelephone____________(invent)byAlexanderGrahamBell.He____________(born)in1847.Mr.Bell__________(work)ontheinventionofthetelephonewithThomasWatson.In1875,Mr.Bell_________(learn)howtosendmusicalnotesthroughaninstrument

similartoatelephone.wasbornwasinventedworkedDecidewhetheractiveorpassiveformsshouldbeusedinthesesentences.Writethecorrectformsintheblanks.learnedadj.

音樂的;有音樂天賦的n.

儀器;工具Finally,thetelephone___________(invent)in1876.Thefirstsentencethat________(say)onthetelephonebyMr.Bellwas“Mr.Watson,comehere;Iwanttoseeyou.”Todaythetelephone________(use)aroundtheworld.wasinventedwassaidisused已學的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構時態(tài)被動語態(tài)結(jié)構例句主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時am/is/are+doneWecleantheclassroomeveryday.Theclassroomiscleanedbyuseveryday.一般過去時was/were+doneHemadethekite.Thekitewasmade

byhim.常見的被動語態(tài)結(jié)構時態(tài)被動語態(tài)結(jié)構例句主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時am/is/are+doneWecleantheclassroomeveryday.Theclassroomiscleanedbyuseveryday.一般過去時was/were+doneHemadethekite.Thekitewasmade

byhim.一般將來時will/shall/begoingto+bedoneTheywillplanttreestomorrow.Tress

willbeplanted

bythemtomorrow.時態(tài)被動語態(tài)結(jié)構例句主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)現(xiàn)在完成時have/has+beendoneJimhasfinishedthework.TheworkhasbeenfinishedbyJim.含情態(tài)動詞情態(tài)動詞＋bedoneWemustplantmoretreesonbothsidesoftheroad.Moretreesmustbeplantedonbothsidesoftheroad.1.

不知道動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。2.

沒有必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。3.需要強調(diào)或突出動作的承受者時。4.句子的主語是動作的承受者。5.

有些動詞習慣上常用被動語態(tài)?！咀⒁狻渴褂帽粍诱Z態(tài)的情況被動語態(tài)結(jié)構中應注意的幾個問題1.

主動句中在感官動詞see、hear、watch、feel、notice等以及使役動詞let、make、have等后跟省略to的不定式,變?yōu)楸粍泳鋾r,應加上不定式符號to。2.

“不及物動詞+介詞/副詞”構成的短語動詞，變成被動句時，要把它們作為整體看待，介詞或副詞不可與動詞拆開或漏掉。3.

含有雙賓語的主動句變被動句時，可將主動句中的直接賓語或間接賓語變?yōu)楸粍泳渲械闹髡Z。

如果把主動句中的直接賓語(指物)變?yōu)楸粍泳渲械闹髡Z，則需在間接賓語(指人)前加適當?shù)慕樵~to或for。常接to的動詞有give,tell,lend,show,pass,hand等；

常接for的動詞有buy,get等。①含有雙賓語的主動句變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，通常把指“人”的間接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，而指“物”的直接賓語則不變。?Hegavemeabookyesterday.Iwasgivenabook(byhim)yesterday.②如果要把指“物”的直接賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，則在間接賓

語前加to或for。

含雙賓語和復合賓語的主動句變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的方法?Ibroughthimsomefood.Somefoodwasbroughttohim(byme).③含有復合賓語的主動句變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，要將其中的

賓語變成主語，賓語補足語不變。?JimaskedTomtogoforawalk.Tomwasasked(byJim)togoforawalk.④如果賓語補足語是不帶to的動詞不定式，主動語態(tài)變成被動語態(tài)時要加上不定式符號to。?WeoftenheardKatesingintheroom.

Katewasoftenheardtosingintheroom(byus).主動語態(tài)不能變成被動語態(tài)的情況當賓語是反身代詞或相互代詞時Hemadehimselfacupofcoffee.Theyhelpeachother.當賓語是不定式或V-ing時Weallwanttobeteachers.當某些動詞表示狀態(tài)或結(jié)果時Themilktastesslightlysour.當賓語表示數(shù)量、重量、大小或程度Thejade