民航概論分析工具

民航概論分析工具TypesofImperfectlyCompetitiveMarketsMonopolisticCompetition壟斷競爭

Manyfirmssellingproductsthataresimilarbutnotidentical.Marketsthathavesomefeaturesofcompetitionandsomefeaturesofmonopoly.Oligopoly寡頭壟斷Onlyafewsellers,eachofferingasimilaroridenticalproducttotheothers.MONOPOLISTICCOMPETITIONFourQuestions有關(guān)科學(xué)理論的四個(gè)問題Whatarethenecessaryinterrelatedconstructs?Howaretheconstructsrelated?Whyaretheconstructsrelatedinthewaysasspecified?Who,whereandwhenwilltheconstructsberelatedinsuchways?

EconomiesandDiseconomiesofScaleEconomiesofscaleoccurwhenlong-runaveragetotalcostdeclinesasoutputincreases.ScopeEconomiesLowingaveragetotalcostinproducingtwoormoreproducts.NetworkEconomiesAhubisatermusedtorefertoanairportthatairlinesusefrequentlyforconnectingpassengers,andcargo.Cargoandtravellersmovingbetweenairportsnotservedbydirectflightsuseahubtochangeplanestogettotheirdestination.

Source:/advice/plane-speaking/aviation-glossaryPriceDiscriminationPricediscriminationcanexistwhenthreeconditionsaremet:consumersdifferintheirdemandsforagivengoodorservice,afirmhasmarketpower,andthefirmcan preventorlimitarbitrage.PriceDiscriminationAirlineindustryisidealforpricediscrimination:Thesellerhassomecontrolontheprice,buyershavedifferentpriceelasticitiesofdemand,andresaleoftheticketbythebuyerisnotpossible.S-C-Pstructure:numberofbuyersandsellers,barrierstoentryofnewfirms,productdifferentiation,verticalintegration,diversification

conduct:advertising,researchanddevelopment,pricingbehavior,plantinvestment,legaltactics,productchoice,collusion,mergerandcontractsperformance:price,productionefficiency,allocativeefficiency,equity,productquality,technicalprogress,profitsTheFourBuildingBlocksofOrganizationalDNA

商業(yè)模式由四個(gè)密切相關(guān)的要素構(gòu)成：

客戶價(jià)值主張，贏利模式，關(guān)鍵資源，關(guān)鍵流程。商業(yè)模式由四個(gè)密切相關(guān)的要素客戶價(jià)值主張是指你能為客戶帶來什么不能替代的價(jià)值,贏利模式是指你如何從為客戶創(chuàng)造價(jià)值的過程中獲得利潤,關(guān)鍵資源是指企業(yè)內(nèi)部如何匯聚資源來為客戶提供價(jià)值,關(guān)鍵流程則是指企業(yè)內(nèi)部制度和文化以實(shí)現(xiàn)其客戶價(jià)值。客戶價(jià)值主張和盈利模式分別明確了客戶價(jià)值和公司價(jià)值,關(guān)鍵資源和關(guān)鍵流程則描述了如何實(shí)現(xiàn)客戶價(jià)值和公司價(jià)值。

Thus,asshowninFigure1.1,managingcanbeseentotakeplacewithinatrianglewhenart,craft,andtheuseofsciencemeet.Artbringsintheideasandtheintegration;craftmakestheconnections,buildingontangibleexperiences;scienceprovidestheorder,throughsystematicanalysisofknowledge.Put

togetheragooddealofcraftwiththerighttouchofartalongsidesomeuseofscience,andyouendupwithajobthatisaboveallapract