《三維設(shè)計(jì)》5屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)配套課件化難為易巧增分語法難點(diǎn)突破+定語從句(一)

語法難點(diǎn)突破之五

——定語從句（一）

語法難點(diǎn)突破修飾名詞和代詞的成分Keywords:定語:abeautifulfloweratall

boybeautifultall定語從句：修飾名詞和代詞的從句ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveseen.定語從句thebestfilm先行詞that關(guān)系詞ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveseen.關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語從句代替先行詞在從句中擔(dān)當(dāng)一個(gè)成分關(guān)系詞的作用1）2）3）Revision1

theusageoftherelativepronoun

關(guān)系代詞指代在定語從句中所充當(dāng)?shù)某煞秩宋锞渥又髡Z賓語定語whowhomwhichthatwhose

theusageoftherelativeadverb關(guān)系副詞指代所充當(dāng)?shù)木渥映煞謜henwherewhytimeplacereasonadverbialadverbialadverbial類別意義功能形式關(guān)系代詞限定性定語從句非限定性定語從句起限定作用。若省略，原句意義不完整。起補(bǔ)充說明作用。若省略，原句意義不受影響。修飾先行詞修飾先行詞/整個(gè)句子無逗號(hào)隔開有逗號(hào)與主句隔開不含有thatRevision2限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別作賓語時(shí)可以省略作賓語時(shí)不可以省略Herbrotherwhoisnowasoldieralwaysencourageshertogotocollege.

Herbrother,whoisnowasoldier,alwaysencourageshertogotocollege.她那當(dāng)兵的哥哥總是鼓勵(lì)她上大學(xué)。（隱含意思：或許不止一個(gè)哥哥）她哥哥是當(dāng)兵的，他總是鼓勵(lì)她上大學(xué)。

Thebook(that/which)IboughtyesterdayisHarryPotterandtheOrderofPhoenix.

Thebook,whichIboughtyesterday,isHarryPotterandtheOrderofPhoenix.有that，作賓語時(shí)可以省略不用that,作賓語時(shí)不可以省略我昨天買的那本書是《哈利·波特與鳳凰令》1.指物時(shí)只用that或which的情況2.介詞+關(guān)系代詞3.Whose用法及轉(zhuǎn)換形式4.as與which的區(qū)別5.指人時(shí)that與who的區(qū)別6.如何判斷用關(guān)系副詞還是關(guān)系代詞7.定語從句中的主謂一致問題常見考點(diǎn)

1.先行詞為all,little,much,everything,nothing,something,anything等不定代詞2.先行詞被all,little,much,every,no,等修飾時(shí)。3.先行詞前有序數(shù)詞(thefirst),形容詞最高級(jí)(thebest),thelast,thevery,theonly等時(shí)。4.先行詞為人和物的組合5.若主句中有疑問代詞who或者which，為了避免重復(fù),關(guān)系代詞不要再用who,which，而用that。只用that的情況:6.關(guān)系代詞在從句中做表語1.Thisisall____Iknowaboutthematter.A.thatB.whatC.whoD.whether2.Isthereanything

else_____yourequire?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what3.Thelastplace_____wevisitedwastheGreatWall.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it考點(diǎn)一:that與which的區(qū)別4.

Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooks_____interestedhimgreatlyintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.itD.whom5.Thereisnodictionary_____youcanfindhere.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.inthat6.Isoxygentheonlygas_____helpsfireburn?A.thatB./C.whichD.it7.Whichwasthehotel_____wasrecommendedtoyou?A.thatB.whichC.whereD.it

1.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,______surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.A.whichBthatCthisD.it只用which的情況:1,逗號(hào)后面2,介詞后面2.Theday______hewasbornwas

Jan.20

,2013.A.onwhichB.thatC.whichD.this

考點(diǎn)二:介詞+關(guān)系代詞提醒:介詞﹢關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句,關(guān)鍵是判斷介詞的選擇.方法一:根據(jù)從句中動(dòng)詞或形容詞與先行詞習(xí)慣搭配方法二:根據(jù)從句中動(dòng)詞與先行詞的邏輯關(guān)系

注意：關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作介詞賓語時(shí)，從句常常由“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引出。此時(shí)關(guān)系代詞只能用which

或whom;不可用that或who代替ThemanisfromBeijingUniversity.Italkedabouthimatthemeeting.Theman(who/whom/that)ItalkedaboutatthemeetingisfromBeijingUniversity.Jointhemintoonesentence.=Themanabout

ItalkedatthemeetingisfromBeijingUniversity.

關(guān)系代詞緊跟在介詞后面時(shí)，不能用that，也不能省略，常用which或whom。該介詞通常可以放在關(guān)系代詞之前，也可放在從句之尾。whom但遇到固定詞組時(shí)，介詞一般緊跟詞組主體，不作前置。Isthisthebook(which/that)youare

lookingfor?

Fillingblanks:1.Theman__________youshookhandsjustnowisourheadmaster.2.Theroom__________myfamilyliveusedtobeagarage.withwhominwhich考點(diǎn)三：Whose用法及轉(zhuǎn)換形式1.whose引導(dǎo)定語從句，其后應(yīng)緊跟名詞，構(gòu)成名詞短語。That’sthechildwhosefatherisateacher.Doyouknowthewomanwhosehusbandisadoctor?Thisisabook

whosecoverisgreen.2.whose引導(dǎo)定語從句，其先行詞不僅可以指人，還可以指物。

3.whose的先行詞指物時(shí),可用ofwhich代替,但詞序不同，即whose+名詞=the+n+ofwhich=ofwhich+the+n.Helivesintheroomwhosewindowfacessouth.=Helivesintheroom,

facessouth.=Helivesintheroom,facessouth.thewindowofwhichofwhichthewindow考點(diǎn)四：as與which引導(dǎo)的定語從句

兩者均可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，有時(shí)可以互換，但下列情況多用as。1.當(dāng)與as,so,such或thesame連用時(shí)，一般用as。e.g.Suchbooksasyoutellmeareinteresting.Ihavethesameplanas

you.2.as

引導(dǎo)的從句可以放在句首,as本身有“正如…..正象…”之意，與之連用的詞有know,see,expect,announce,pointout等。e.g.Asweallknow,theearthisround.1.______wasnatural,hemarriedJenny.A.WhichB.ThatC.ThisD.As2.Suchsigns_____weuseintheexperiment______Greekletters.A.as,areB.as,isC.that,areD.that,is3.Sheisverygoodatdance,____everybodyknows.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.as4.______hasbeensaidabove,grammarisasetofdeadrules.A.WhichB.WhatC.ThatD.As5.Wedothesamework_____theydo.A.whichB.asC.thanD.likeAnyone_____breaksthelawispunished.Those

_____breakthelawarepunished.He

_____breaksthelawispunished.在anyone,those,he/she/I/they作先行詞時(shí),用”who”代替“that”.考點(diǎn)五:that與who的區(qū)別whowhowho

考點(diǎn)六:如何判斷用關(guān)系副詞還是關(guān)系代詞?選用定語從句的關(guān)系詞時(shí)，需注意兩點(diǎn)：1.先行詞2.關(guān)系詞在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?。做主語，賓語，定語用做狀語用關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞Iwillneverforgettheday_____Ifirstwenttoschool.Iwillneverforgettheday__________wespentinBeijing.Thehouse__________wevisitedisbeingrepairednow.Thehouse______Luxunoncelivedisbeingrepairednow.when(which/that)(which/that)where

考點(diǎn)七:定語從句中主謂一致問題定語從句中的動(dòng)詞在人稱和數(shù)方面應(yīng)該與它的先行詞保持一致。

1.Iamnotonewho______afraidofdifficulty．2.Don

’tchooseme,who_______notfitforthisjob．

isam

3.Thisisoneofthebestbooks_______.A.thathaveeverbeenwrittenB.thathaseverbeenwrittenC.thathaswrittenD.thathavewritten4.Sheisnottheonlyoneofthegirls___wellinclass.A.whichsingsB.whosingC.whosingsD.whotosing1.Isthisfactory____wevisitedlastweek?DIsthisthefactory____wevisitedlastWeek?A、whereB、thatC、towhichD、theoneB解題關(guān)鍵：如果是疑問句式，將其轉(zhuǎn)化為陳述句式。Exercises2.Letmethinkofapropersituation_______thissentencecanbeused.A、whereB、thatC、ofwhomD、whichA先行詞是situation,case,scene…時(shí)，一般用where,也可用inwhich3.Shewillneverforgettheday_____shespentinBeijing.A、whenB、whatC、whichD、whyC

Shewillneverforgettheday_____shestayedwithhiminBeijing.A5.Thecollegewon’ttakeanyone_____eyesightisweak.A、whoB、whoseC、ofwhomD、whichB6.Those_____totakepartinthegamewritedownyournames.A、whoB、whowantC、whowants

D、whatB7.Idon'tlikeEnglish,_____grammarIamnotinterested.Idon'tlikeEnglish,____grammarisdifficulttolearn.Ilikethishouse,_____doorwayit’seasyforustoget.Ilikethishouse,_____doorwayissmall.

A.inwhichB.whichC.throughwhoseD.whoseADCD8.I，______yourgoodfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.A、whoisB、whatisC、whatamD、whoamD9.Whichofthetwocows______youkeepproducesmoremilk?A、whichB、thatC、whatD、asB10.Hiswalkingstick,____hecan’twalk,waslostyesterday.A、thatB、withwhichC、whichD、withoutwhichD

12.

Asmanymembers_____werepresentagreedtotheplan.A.who

B.that

C.which

D.asD13.HemustbefromAfrica,_____canbeseenfromhisskin.A.that

B.as

C.who

D.whatB14.Thisisthesamepen______Ilostyesterday.A.asB.thatC.theoneD.A&BD比較：...thesamepenasIlost....thesamepenthatIlost.表示這支筆與我不見的那支很像，不一定就是則表示這支筆就是我不見的那支.15.Theteachergaveussodifficultaproblem___wecouldn'tsolve.Theteachergaveussodifficultaproblem___wecouldn'tsolveit.

A.asB.thatC.whichD.theonesABso...that后面跟的是一個(gè)結(jié)果狀語從句16.______ismentionedabove,thenumberofthestudentsinseniorhighschoolisincreasing.A.WhichB.AsC.WhatD.ThatB17.I’lltellyou_____hetoldmelastnight.

A.allwhich

B.allwhat

C.thatallD.allD18.Howdoyoulikethebook?

It’squitedifferentfrom_____Ireadlastmonth.

A.thatB.which

C.theoneD.theonewhat

C19.Therearethreelibrariesinourschool,_______werebuiltfiveyearsago.A、allofthemB、eitherofthemC、allofwhichD、bothof