考博英語語法講義

IfIwereaIwouldrolloutofbedinthemorning,thrownonwhatIwant,andthengo.If (rain), (go)todeliverymy從句：If主語haddone/been（賓語/表語主語：主語would/should/could/mighthavedonebeen（賓語/表語Ifhehadworkedharder, themusthavegotcouldgetwouldgetwouldhavegetyouwerebusy,Iwouldn’thavebotheredyouwithyourIfIIfIhadDidIhaveAsIIfthe (beThe (be從句：If主語did/were（賓語/表語）would/should/could/mightdo/be（賓語/表語Iftherewerenosubjunctivemood, mucheasiertocouldhavewouldwillwouldhaveIfIwereaboy, outofbedinthe whatIwant,andthenwouldroll...throwon...wouldhaverolled...thrownon...withroll...throw...rolled...threw...Iftheflightticketto (be)available, (go)forasudden從句：If主語shoulddo(beweretodo（賓語/表語）主句：主語would/shoulddo/be（賓語/表語。beforewedepartthedayaftertomorrow,weshouldhaveawonderfuldinnerparty.IftheyhadIftheywouldIftheywereIftheywereto,IshouldaskthemsomeIftheyshouldcometoIftheycometoIftheywerecometoIftheyhadcometoAllofuswouldhaveenjoyedthepartymuchmoreifthere quitesuchacrowdofpeoplethere.hasn’thadn’twouldn’tIf harderatschool,IwouldbesittinginacomfortableofficeweretohadwereIfIhadn’tstoodundertheladdertocatchyouwhenyoufell, nowwouldn’tbecouldn’thaveswon’tdidn’tIfyouhadstudiedtheproblemcarefully youwon’tfindanydifficultyyouwouldnothavefoundanydifficultyyouwouldnotfindanydifficultyyouhavenotfoundanydifficultyIfonlythepatient adifferenttreatmentinsteadofusingtheantibiotics,hemightstillbealivenow.hadshouldwere從句：If主語haddone/been（賓語/表語從句：If主語did/were（賓語/表語iiIf主語shoulddo(beweretodo（賓語/表語i從句：If主語haddone/been（賓語/表語——從句省略if+HadJudybeenmorecarefulonthemathsexam, muchbetterresultswouldbecouldhavemustwouldrightnow,shewouldgetthereonWouldsheIfsheWereshetoIfshehadThebusinessisrisky. ,wewouldbeshouldwemightwewouldwecouldweTwothirdsoftheU.S.basketballplayersareblack,andthenumberwouldbegreaterthecontinuingpracticeofpickingwhitebenchwarmersforthesakeofbalance.wasitnotbecausehaditnotbeenwereitnotwoulditnothavebeen公式：shouldwouldcouldmightmustcan’tneedhaveshouldoughtto：責備+相反（本該……卻沒有）might/may/mightnot：（肯/否）推測+50%（可能） must（肯）推測+90%（肯定……）can’t（Wedidn’tknowhisephonenumber,otherwise hadmusthavewouldwouldhavethestorm,theshipwouldhavereacheditsdestinationonButIncaseInspiteBecauseIwouldhavetoldhimtheanswerhaditbeenpossible,but sobusywould fiftyorsowhenIfirstmetheratahadmusthasmusthave Jimanythingaboutit.Itwasnoneofhisneedn’thaveneedn’tmustn’thavemustn’t unwisely,buthewasatleasttryingtodosomethingmayhavemusthaveshouldwould“Thecarranoutof thecause.Ifilledthethismustn’tmusthavecancan’thave主從：Itisadj./donethat從句主語+should+動詞…賓從：v.+that從句主語+should+動詞原型…表從：主語+is/am/arethat從句主語+should+動詞原型…同從：n.+that+從句主語+should+動詞原型…目從：Incaseforfearthatlest主語+should”建議“類——suggestsuggestivesuggestionproposeproposedproposaladvise,advisable,advice;insist...,;“愿望”類——desiredesirablewish;“為了不”類——incaselestforfearMike’suncle inthishostayingnottothathewouldnotthathenotItisimportantthatenough tofundthebemustbewascanbeHewas heshouldmakethesamemistakehaddone;did;wereshouldhavedone;couldhavedone;musthavedone;If...shoulddo,主語should/would從句省略if從句：had主語done；should主語do；did主語Should/would/could/might/oughtto/must/can’thaveshouldMyphonecallto asIsubsequentlydiscoveredmywifehadneedn’tbeshouldn’tbeneedn’thavebeendidn’thavetoAsitturnedouttobeasmallhouseparty, soneedn