【創(chuàng)新設(shè)計(jì)】高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí) 81Unit 1 The written word（江蘇專用）

Unit1ThewrittenwordⅠ.單詞默寫1．classic

adj經(jīng)典的，古典的n．經(jīng)典作品，名著2．a(chǎn)buse

vt.虐待；辱罵；濫用3．generous

adj慷慨的，大方的4．a(chǎn)bnormal

adj不正常的，反常的，異常的5．reform

vt.，vi.&n.(使)改過(guò)自新，改造；改革，改良6．a(chǎn)ntiaue

n.古董，古物7．criminal

n.罪犯8．violent

adj.暴力的，粗暴的；猛烈的，強(qiáng)烈的9．exhibit

vt.展覽，展出，陳列10．rescue

n．，vi.&vt.救援，營(yíng)救11．a(chǎn)daptation

n.somethingadaptedortheprocessofadapting12．civil

adj.politeenough，withoutbeingfriendly13．talent

n.aspecialnaturalability14．overnight

adv.fororduringthenight15．stress

vt.togiveparticularimportancetoamatterwhentalkingorwritingaboutitⅡ.詞匯拓展1．harmn．傷害，損害，危害；邪惡，惡行→harmful

adj有害的→harmless

adj無(wú)害的2．fortunen．財(cái)富；運(yùn)氣；好運(yùn)→fortunate

adj幸運(yùn)的→fortunately

adv.幸運(yùn)地→misfortune

n．不幸3．settlevt.使定居；安頓，安放；解決(問(wèn)題等)→settlement

n．→settler

n．移民4．comparev．比較，相比→comparison

n．比較→comparative

adj比較性的5．resistvi.&vt.抵抗，反抗，抵制→resistant

adj抵抗的→resistance

n．抵抗語(yǔ)境助記——詞不離句，句不離段Hehadgreatstresstotheexhibition，forhiscompanionshadstrongresistanceagainsthisreformatfirst，butthefortunebringshimgoodreputationandmakesthemtendtowardsit.

Ⅲ.短語(yǔ)落實(shí)1．liveupto達(dá)到，符合(期望)2．bebenton(doing)something決心要做某事3．cometoone'srescue救援/幫助某人4．havenothingtodowirh和……無(wú)關(guān)5．giveup放棄5．giveup放棄6．tooeagertodosth非?？释觥?．a(chǎn)ppealto吸引8．getarrested被捕9．letout放出，發(fā)泄，泄露10．compare...to...把……比作……Ⅳ.句子翻譯1．Pip'ssisteroftenabuseshim，butJoeisakindandsimpleman，whowouldratherdiethanseeanyharmcometoPip.(Page3)皮普的姐姐經(jīng)常虐待他，但喬卻是一個(gè)善良淳樸的人，他寧愿死也不愿看到皮普受到任何傷害。2．ThischangeinPipiscalkedcharacterdevelopment，whichisanimportantpartofalmostanynovel.(Page3)這種變化叫作性格改善，幾乎是任何小說(shuō)的重要組成部分。3．Moneyandeducationchangehim，andbeforelonghebecomesvainandashamedofhisbackground.(Page3)金錢和教育改變了他，不久他變得自負(fù)且羞于自己的背景。4．它們并沒有消失，并且在當(dāng)今世界仍占有一席之地。(Page2)Theyhavenotdisappearedandstillhaveaplaceintheworldtoday.5．他同情奧立弗(Oliver)，把他帶回家，并試圖去改造他。(Page9)HepitiesOliver，takeshimhomeandtriestoreformhim.Ⅴ.教材設(shè)題句型轉(zhuǎn)換(每空不超過(guò)3個(gè)單詞)A．Thismakesthemdifficultforsomepeopletoread，andoften，sotheyareoftenlefttogatherdustonshelves.(教材P2)→Thismakesthemdifficultforsomepeopletoread，andoften，theyareoftenleftdusty/leftgatheringdust/coveredwithdustonshelves.B．Nobodywouldbothertomaketheseclassicnovelsintofilmsiftheyhadnothingtodowithlifetoday.(教材P2)→Nobodywouldbothertomaketheseclassicnovelsintofilmsifnotreferringto/notdealingwith/notrelatedto/notconnectedwithlifetoday.C．Hefirstpullishedmanynovelsonechapteratatimeinthenewspaper，andsomewerelaterperformedonstage.(教材P2)→He…thenewspaper，someofwhich/ofwhichsomewerelaterperformedonstage.D．PeoplesaythatBurn'sfirstloveencourgedhimtowritepoetry.(教材P14)→PeoplesaythatitwasBurn'sfirstlovethatencouragedhimtowritepoetry.E．Thepoemwaspublishedin1794and，likemanyofBurns'spoems，itwasintendedtobeasong.(教材P14)→Thepoem,intendedfor/designedfor/aimedatbeingasonglikemanyofBurns'spoems，waspublishedin1794.【課本原句】Dopeoplestillreadbooksintheirsparetime?(P1)人們?cè)跇I(yè)余時(shí)間仍然閱讀書籍嗎？spareadj.多余的；少量的inone'ssparetime＝inone'sfreetime＝atone‘sleisure在某人的空閑時(shí)間sparetire備胎

sparesbtime為某人勻出時(shí)間sparenoexpense 不惜費(fèi)用sparenoeffort(todo) 不遺余力地(去做)sparesbthetroubleof 不想麻煩某人spareone'slife 饒某人一命【聯(lián)想拓展】①我們抽出時(shí)間、空間和愛給予狗，而狗回報(bào)給我們的是他們的全部。(2010·江西卷·單項(xiàng)填空)Wegivedogstime，spaceandlovewecanspare，andinreturn，dogsgiveustheirall.②Ofthetwocoats，I'dchoosethecheaperoneto________somemoneyforabook.(2012·湖南石門一中高三摸底考試)A．shareB．spareC．lend D．spend

答案B——看看高考怎么考③Somepassengerscomplainthatitusually________solongtofillintravelinsurancedocuments.(2012·株洲二中月考)A．costsB．takesC．spendsD．spares答案B

④Thehomeimprovementshavetakenwhatlittlethereis________mysparetime.(2012·永州四中第一次月考)A．fromB．inC．ofD．a(chǎn)t答案C【課本原句】...averygenerousstangergivesPipalargefortune.(P3)……一位非?？犊哪吧私o了皮普一大筆錢。

fortunen．財(cái)富；運(yùn)氣，幸運(yùn)bygood/badfortune 幸好/不幸tellone'sfortune 算命makeafortune 發(fā)財(cái)seekone'sfortune 碰運(yùn)氣，找出路comeintoafortune (因繼承等而)得到財(cái)產(chǎn)havefortuneonone'sside 福星高照f(shuō)ortunateadj 幸運(yùn)的，吉利的【聯(lián)想拓展】①在澳大利亞發(fā)現(xiàn)黃金這件事使成千上萬(wàn)的人相信(他們)注定會(huì)發(fā)大財(cái)。ThediscoveryofgoldinAustralialedthousandstobelievethatafortunewastobemade.(2010·全國(guó)Ⅰ·單項(xiàng)填空32)翻譯句子②通過(guò)看手相，她能算出你的命運(yùn)。Shecanyou’reyourfortunebyexaminingyourhands.——看看高考怎么考句型轉(zhuǎn)換③Sheisfortunateinhavingagoodhusband.＝Sheisfortunatetohaveagoodhusband.＝Itisfortunatethatshehasagoodhusband.＝Fortunately，shehasagoodhusband.＝Bygoodfortune，shehasagoodhusband.＝Shehasthegoodfortunetohaveagoodhusband.【課本原句】...pressuringhimwiththethreatofviolenceifheresists.(P9)如果他反抗，(他們)就的暴力威脅的方式向他施加壓力．

resistv.抵抗，反抗，抵制【聯(lián)想拓展】resist(doing)sth 抵制(做)某事resist(the)temptation 抵抗誘惑putupresistance(to…) 進(jìn)行(對(duì)……的)抵抗beresistantto… 對(duì)……抵制resistancen. 反抗；抵制resistantadj. 對(duì)……有抵抗力的；抵抗……的①M(fèi)ooteesaysmanypeopleresistgoingfortreatmentbecausetheyfeartheyare“crazy”．Mootee說(shuō)很多人抵制進(jìn)行治療，因?yàn)樗麄兒ε滤麄儠?huì)“瘋狂”。完成句子②Therehasbeenalotofresistancetothisnewlaw.反對(duì)這一部新法律的人很多。③Iwasintheirpower，andknewitwaspointlesstoresist.我在他們股掌之中，知道抗拒毫無(wú)意義?！纯锤呖荚趺纯肌菊n本原句】Oliver

Twist，David

Copperfield

and

Great

Expectationsareprobablyhisbest-knownworks.(P2)《霧都孤兒》、《大衛(wèi)·科波菲爾》和《遠(yuǎn)大前程》可能是他最廣為人知的作品。workn．作品，著作；工作，勞動(dòng)；工作成果，產(chǎn)品

v．工作，勞動(dòng)；運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，起作用，操作；造成，產(chǎn)生workas...當(dāng)……；做……工作workat/on 從事于，致力于workout算出，理解，制定出；想出，解決；產(chǎn)生結(jié)果；鍛煉atwork在工作inwork/outofwork在業(yè)/失業(yè)【聯(lián)想拓展】【注意】(1)work作“作品，著作”講時(shí)，是可數(shù)名詞，可以說(shuō)awork一部著作，twoworks兩部著作。(2)works作“工廠”講時(shí)，單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)同形，可以說(shuō)achemicalworks一家化工廠。(3)work作“工作”講時(shí)，只能用作不可數(shù)名詞，“一項(xiàng)工作”可以說(shuō)：apieceofwork。翻譯句子①在我們制定計(jì)劃之前，我們最好詳細(xì)地討論一切。We'dbetterdiscusseverythingindetailbeforeweworkouttheplan.(2011·江蘇卷·單項(xiàng)填空32)②Youcan'tpredicteverything.Oftenthingsdon't______asyouexpect.A．runout B．breakoutC．workout D．putout答案C——看看高考怎么考③Althoughthewomanworkedinasteel______，shewroteseveral______inhersparetime.(2012·湖南醴陵一中月考)A．work；work B．works；workC．work；works D．works；works答案D【課本原句】...hewillhavenorealfamilyandnoneofthelovehedeserves.(P4)他將沒有實(shí)際家庭，也得不到任何的愛。deservevt.值得；應(yīng)得；應(yīng)受

deserve＋v.-ing/tobedone...值得被……deservesth應(yīng)得某物deserveconsideration/attention值得考慮/注意deserveto_dosth應(yīng)該/值得做某事getwhatyoudeserve罪有應(yīng)得deserveit(口)自作自受，活該【聯(lián)想拓展】翻譯句子①如果做錯(cuò)事，你應(yīng)當(dāng)受罰。Ifyoudowrong，youdeservepunishment/tobepunished/punishing.②她應(yīng)該成功。Shedeservestosucceed.——看看高考怎么考【課本原句】...hehadlittletalentforsoccer.(P11)……他對(duì)足球幾乎沒有什么天賦．

talent

n[U.C]．天資，才識(shí)，人才【聯(lián)想拓展】showtalent 顯示才能averagetalent 普通才能havea/muchtalentformusic 具有音樂才能creative/toptalent 創(chuàng)新人才/頂尖人才辨析genius/gift/talent三者都可表示“天才，才能”。(1)genius“天才”，語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)，主要指智力方面具有極其特殊和非凡的能力，含有獨(dú)創(chuàng)和創(chuàng)造的意味，尤其指在藝術(shù)和科學(xué)方面從而大大超過(guò)不同時(shí)代的人。(2)gift強(qiáng)調(diào)人天生具有的能力和品質(zhì)，通常指大自然授予的，不需努力便可獲得，同時(shí)不一定具有創(chuàng)造性；也可作“禮物”講。(3)talent主要指某一方面(如音樂、美術(shù)等)具有的“天資、才能”，具有talent的人往往需要后天的努力和教育去獲得知識(shí)和能力，才能成為真正具有talent的人。Thereweremanytalentedactorsouttherejustwaitingtobediscovered.(2010·江西·單項(xiàng)填空32)在外面有許多有才華的演員等著被發(fā)現(xiàn)。翻譯句子1．他有音樂才能。Hehasatalentformusic.2．他是一個(gè)多才多藝的人。Hewasamanofmanytalents.——看看高考怎么考【課本原句】Pressuringhimwiththethreatofviolenceifheresists.(P9)如果他抗拒的話，就以暴力威脅對(duì)他施壓。pressurevt.對(duì)……施加壓力，迫使

n．壓力，擠壓，強(qiáng)大的影響【聯(lián)想拓展】putpressureonsb(todosth)給某人施加壓力(做某事)；迫使某人(做某事)underpressure有壓力的，在壓力下pressuresbtodosth/intodoingsth迫使某人做某事①Healsogavemesomepressures(pressure)ondressingandspeaking.Ihandedoutmyresumeandwenthomefeelingverydisappointed.(2011·安徽卷·完形填空)②Canyouworkunderpressure？(在壓力下)③Wedon'twantto______pressure______youtomakeadecision，butwehaven'tmuchtimeleft.

(2012·湖南隆回一中月考)A．put；toB．place；onC．put；onD．place；to答案C——看看高考怎么考【課本原句】Threeyearslater，in1998，amodernadaptationofCharliesDicken'snovelGreatExpectationsappearedincinemas.(P2)三年后，1998年，查理·狄更斯小說(shuō)《遠(yuǎn)大前程》現(xiàn)代版被搬上銀幕。

adaptation

n．改編，改寫；適應(yīng)，改變adaptvt.較適應(yīng)，較適合；改編；改寫adapt...to 較……適應(yīng)He'sworkinginascreenadaptationofhislatestnovel.他正在把他最新小說(shuō)改編成電視劇。Shewasresponsiblefortheadaptationofthebook.她負(fù)責(zé)改編這本書?！韭?lián)想拓展】①Hetriedhardtoadapthimself(使自己適應(yīng))tothenewconditions.②Theauthorisgoingtoadapt(改編他的劇本)hisscriptfortelevision.③Hehasnotyetadaptedto(適應(yīng))theclimate.——看看高考怎么考【課本原句】Thepoetryofthisperiodtendstouseimaginationandtouchonstrongfeelings.(P14)這個(gè)時(shí)期的詩(shī)歌往往利用想象而強(qiáng)烈感人。

tendvi.趨向，傾向；照料，照管(某人/物)；在(商鋪、酒吧等)中接待顧客tendtodosth易于/往往會(huì)做某事(尤指不好或惱人的事)tendtowards...有……的趨勢(shì)，傾向于……tendto 照料，照顧；接待tendencyn. 傾向，趨勢(shì)【聯(lián)想拓展】①Perhapsthebestreasonforexploringspaceisthisgenetictendency(遺傳傾向)toexpandwhereverpossible.(2011·江西卷·閱讀理解D)②Examplesincludethecoloroftheteen'shair，thecleanlinessofthebedroom，thepreferredstyleofclothing，thechild'sfailuretoeatagoodbreakfastbeforeschool，orhistendencytosleep_(喜歡睡覺)untilnoonontheweekends.(2010·湖北卷·閱讀理解B)——看看高考怎么考

③Hismotherwasillandhehadtotendtoher(他得照顧她)．④Thesortofmusichelistenstovaries，but______popularmusic.(2011·長(zhǎng)沙市一中月考)A．tendedto B．tendstowardsC．tendedat D．tendsat答案B【課本原句】Pip'ssisteroftenabuseshim，butJoeisakindandsimpleman，whowouldratherdiethanseeanyharmcometoPip.(P3)皮普的姐姐經(jīng)常虐待他，但喬卻是一個(gè)淳樸善良的人，他寧愿死也不愿意看到皮普受到任何傷害。

wouldrather

寧愿，寧可wouldrather(not)dosth寧愿(不)做某事wouldratherdo...thando...寧愿……而不愿……wouldrathersbdidsth寧愿某人做某事wouldrathersbhaddonesth寧愿(過(guò)去)某人已做了某事prefertodoratherthando...喜歡做……勝過(guò)做……ratherthan 而不是otherthan 除了orrather 更確切地說(shuō)

【聯(lián)想拓展】a．IfIhadtogiveuponeofthem,IwouldturnofftheTVratherthanswitchoffmycellphoneorcutofftheInternet.b．IfIhadtogiveuponeofthem,IwouldpreferturningofftheTVtoswitchingoffmycellphoneorcuttingofftheInternet.c．IfIhadtogiveuponeofthem,I'dratherturnofftheTVthanswitchoffmycellphoneorcutofftheInternet.d．Weusuallygreetotherswithanodandasmiletothemratherthanhuggingthemorkissingthemonthecheek.

——滿分作文之佳句①Hesaidhewouldrathernot______itrightaway.(2012·湖南祁東育賢中學(xué)月考)A．doing B．todoC．do D．tobedoing答案C——看看高考怎么考②I______dependonMaryuntilIamquitesurethatsheistrustworthy.

(2012·湖南石齊學(xué)校月考)A．wouldrathernot B．wouldratherC．wouldn'trather D．wouldratherto答案A③－IamtakingmysontoLaosforsightseeing.－Iwouldratheryou______that，forthebirdfluhasclai