TheChangesinMyHometown我的家鄉(xiāng)變化

英語1English1Class：ClassOne/ClassTwo/ClassThreein

theyear2015Major:Nursing/Pharmacy

Unit12

TheChangesinMyHometownContentsIntegratedskillsDevelopmentDialogueA.TheReturnVisit

（self-study）DialogueB.It’sAllChanged！（self-study）PassageA.TravelExperienceB.TheNewLookofMyHometownAppliedWriting:RoadSignandStreetNameplatesIII路標(biāo)和路牌PickupYourGrammar:后定語

TeachingAims1.交際重點

介紹并描述某一地方的變遷，介紹并描述某一方位。2.重點訓(xùn)練單詞和詞組。3.重點句型和習(xí)慣表達法4.路標(biāo)和路牌的基本寫作格式5.前置定語TeachingAims聽說：能聽懂并用英語進行的有關(guān)介紹某一地方變遷的對話。讀譯寫：能朗讀和翻譯介紹并描述某一方位的小短文。掌握后定語的用法，并能正確運用。

寫：

A：能使用所學(xué)單詞、詞組和語法寫出有關(guān)環(huán)境變遷、介紹并描述某一方位的英語句子。

B：模擬套寫英文路標(biāo)、招牌。

Emphases&difficulities1.重點詞匯、句型、表達法和語法2.后置定語

ATravelExperienceWhenJimwasinvitedtoattendaninternationalconferenceoncomputernetworking,hewasdelighted.TheconferencewastotakeplaceinGeneva.JimthoughtthatitwouldbeanopportunitytotakehisfiancéeMaryonashortholiday.TheydecidedtogotoParisforaweekbeforeJimtraveledontoGeneva.Marywouldthenreturnhome.

JimandMaryspentanenjoyableweektouringParis.Attheendoftheweek,theyfeltexhausted.JimaccompaniedMarytotheairportandsawherontoaplaneforLondon.WhilehewaswaitingintheloungeforhisplanetoGeneva,amistbegantoform.Eventually,hisplanetookofftwohourslate.Assoonashesankintohisseat,Jimfellfastasleep.

ATravelExperience

Unfortunately,astheplaneflewtowardsGeneva,themistchangedtothickfog.ThepilotradioedhisdestinationandwastoldthathisplanehadtoreturntoParis.Immediately,thepilottoldthenewstothepassengers.ButJimwasstillfastasleep.HedidnotwakeupuntiltheplanelandedinParis.JimhurriedthroughtheairportloungeandwassosurprisedtoseeParisagain.Bythistime,thefoghadstartedtoclear.ButpoorJimwasfoggedasifhewerestillasleep.

Newwords

birthplacen.houseordistrictwhereapersonwasborn出生處，出生地e.g.Tom’sbirthplaceisLondon.湯姆出生于倫敦。Whereisyourbirthplace.哪里是你的出生地？childhoodn.conditionorperiodofbeingachildhood童年；幼年時代e.g.Hewillneverforgetthejoysofchildhood.他永遠不會忘記童年的快樂。Shehadanunhappychildhood.他的童年很不辛delighteda.filledwithjoyandhappiness充滿歡樂的；高興的e.g.Myparentsaresodelightedwiththenews.我的父母為這個消息感到歡喜鼓舞。Iwasdelightedtobeinvitedtoherparty.我很高興被邀請參加她的晚會。

Newwords

enjoyablea.beingabletogivepleasureorsatisfaction令人愉快的；有趣的；可享受的e.g.Thisissuchanenjoyabledinnerparty.Itissoenjoyabletotalkwithher.

eventuallya.atanunspecifiedtieme.g.Thedoctorworkedsohardthateventuallyhemadehimselfill.這醫(yī)生工作太賣力，最后自己病倒了。Tomeventuallyrosetothepositionofvicepresident.湯美玉最終升到副總裁的職位。

exhausteda.havingconsumedalltheenergy,tootired耗盡的，疲憊的e.g.Weareallexhaustedafterthejourney.這次旅行后我們都筋疲力盡了。Mypatienceisexhausted.

我無法忍耐了。

hugea.verylargeinsizeoramount;enormous極大的；巨大的e.g.Everydayshehasahugepileofletterstodealwith.Chinaisahugecountry.中國是一個幅員遼闊的國家。

hurryv.to(causeto)moveoractwithspeed催促，匆忙，倉促行動n.theactoraninstanceofhurrying;hastenedprogress急忙；倉促e.g.Youalwaysseemtobeinahurry.你似乎總是很匆忙。I’mnotina/anyhurrytochangemyjob.我并不急于想調(diào)工作。What’sthehurry?干嗎這么急？Ihurriedtotheticket-officetobuythetickets.我急忙感到售票處買票。Doctorsandnurseswerehurriedtotheaccidentspot.立即派了醫(yī)生和護士急忙趕到事故現(xiàn)場、出事地點。

puzzlev.make(sb.)thinkhard;perplex

讓（某人）動腦筋；使困感e.g.Herreplypuzzledme.她的回答把我弄糊涂了。Hepuzzledhisbrainstofindtheanswer.她絞盡腦汁以尋求答案。

repeat.V.sayorwrite(sth.)againonceormorethanonce重復(fù)e.g.Nowrepeatthepastformoftheverb“fly”afterme.下面跟我重復(fù)動詞“飛”的過去式。Sherepeatedwhatshehadsaid.她重復(fù)了自己說過的話。

lounge

n.apublicwaitingroom;alobby

公共休息室；等候室，大廳e.g.Pleasewaitformeattheloungeinthehotel.在賓館的大廳里等我。

mistn.thinfog薄霧v.tobeorbecomeobscuredorblurredbyorasifbymist變得模糊，仿佛被霧弄得模糊的e.g.Ilikethemistbythelakeearlyinthemorning我喜歡清晨湖邊的薄霧。Wecouldn’tseethroughthemistiftherewasaship.我們無法透過薄霧看清楚是否有一艘船。Shelookedatherhometownthroughthemistofhertears.他透過模糊的淚水凝視著家鄉(xiāng)。

nephewn.sonofone’sbrotherorsister侄子，外甥e.g.Mr.Smithoftengivessomepocketmoneytohisnephew.史密斯先生經(jīng)常給侄子零花錢。RobertandhisnephewvisitedChinalastyear.羅伯特和侄子去年訪問過中國。

picnicn.pleasuretriponwhichfoodiscarriedtobeeatenoutdoors野餐e.g.Theyaregoingforapicnictomorrow.We’llgototheriversandtakeapicnicwithus

sinkv.todescendtothebottomorfall/droptoalowerlevel;topassinto進入，考入，慢慢變成aspecified規(guī)定的condition淹沒，下沉；沉沒

n.awaterbasinfixedtoawallorfloor水槽，水池e.g.Shewasexhaustedandsankintoadeepsleep.她太累了，已經(jīng)進入夢鄉(xiāng)。Hisvoicesanktoawhisper。他的聲音減弱成耳語。Thewaterissinkingintotheground.水滲入地下。Letussinkourdifferencesandworktogether.讓我們忘記我們的分歧而共同工作。Theluckythingiswehaveasinkinoursmallbedroom.幸運的是在我們的小臥室中有個水池。

LanguagePoints1.Myhometown.我的家鄉(xiāng)。hometown屬于英語構(gòu)詞法中的“合成法”（Composition）。合成法（合詞法）是把兩個或兩個以上的詞按照一定的次序排列構(gòu)成新詞的方法。用這種方法構(gòu)成的新詞叫做復(fù)合詞（Compound）。復(fù)合詞之間有的要用連字符，有的直接連在一起，如：名詞：after+noon-afternoon下午air+line----airline航空公司air+way–airway航路basket+ball-basketball

籃球bath+room-bathroom浴室birth+place-Birthplace出生地black+board-Blackboard黑板

book+store-Bookstore書店chop+sticks-Chopsticks筷子e+mail-e-mail電子郵件get+together-get-together聯(lián)歡會head+master-head-master校長home+work-homework家庭作業(yè)home+town-hometown家鄉(xiāng)，故鄉(xiāng)loveseat-loveseat雙人沙發(fā)loud+speaker-loudspeaker喇叭main+land---mainland大陸

news+paper---newspaper報紙rail+way---railway鐵路、鐵道sales+girl---salesgirl女服務(wù)員sales+man---sailsman男服務(wù)員sales+person---salesperson售貨員sea+cucumber---sea-cucumber海參sun+shine---sunshine陽光sweat+shirt---運動衫（2）形容詞first+rate---first-rate一流的，頭等的long+distance---longdistance長途的，遠距離的open+air---open-air戶外的，露天的old-fashion---old-fashioned過時的，老式的part-time---part-time兼職的round+trip---round-trip來回的，往返的2.forthefirsttime第一次（作狀語）e.g.Forthefirsttimeheheardofthewordmodem.

['m??dem]

n.調(diào)制解調(diào)器3.comebacktosb.回想起來Theirnamesareallcomingbacktomenow.

4.usedto+v.過去常常、過去習(xí)慣于Heusedtosmokedalot,buthehaslonggivenupsmoking,Hedoesn’tsmokeatall.疑問式和否定式常常用didn’tuseto，usedn’tto均可Didyouusetohavetimetoreadalot?Usedyoutohavetimetoreadalot?你過去有時間讀很多書嗎？Ididnotusetohavetimetoreadalot.Iusedn’ttohavetimetoreadalot.beusedtodoingsth.習(xí)慣于e.g.Youareusedtothefoodatcollege.Hewasusedtothecoldweather.

5.Ithoughtyou’dlivedinNewtownallyourlife.sb.thought+sb.had+PP表示“原以為…其實不然”e.g.Ithoughtyouhaddoneyourhomework.Wethoughttheyhadreturned.

6.havebeentosomeplace曾經(jīng)去過某地（表示經(jīng)歷）havegonetosomeplace去了某地（表示事實）HaveyoueverbeentoJapan?Mr.WanghasgonetoJapan.7.makeit“按時到達某地，趕上，成功”Afteryearsasanunsuccessfulbusinessmanhe’sfinallymadeit.

8.must+have+pp

表示對過去的推測，“一定…”e.g.Theymusthavebeengone.Theremusthavebeenamistake.9.getoff下車e.g.Hegotoffhisbikeandwentintothehouse.geton上車e.g.TheygotontheplaneatBeijing.10.Itsays1955.say指文字材料時，表示“寫道，說”e.g．Whatdidthefaxsay？Herpassportsaysthatsheisnineteen.11.TheconferencewastotakeplaceinGeneva.betodo是一種將來時間的表達方法，表示客觀安排要發(fā)生的事。e.g．AmＩtogoonwiththework?Sheistocomehereat8.

12.JimthoughtthatitwouldbeanopportunitytotakehisfinanceeMaryonashortholiday.Itwouldbe是過去的角度看將來。13.TheydecidedtogotoParisaweekbeforeJimtravelledontoGeneva.before引導(dǎo)一個時間狀語從句，一位“在…之前”，翻譯類似的句子時應(yīng)按照漢語的習(xí)慣靈活處理。e.g.Wehadscarcelygotinalltheclothesbeforeitbegantorain.Weshouldcompletethetaskbeforeyouleaveforholiday.

14.WhilehewaswaitingintheloungeforhisplanetoGeneva,amistbegantoform.while引導(dǎo)一個時間狀語從句，表示一個與主句動作同時發(fā)生的持續(xù)性動作或狀態(tài)。e.g.Whilehewasparking,apolicemanwalkedtowardshim.WritewhileIdictate口述，聽寫.WhileIread,shesang.Imether,whileIwasatschool.

15.ThepilotradioedhisdestinationandwastoldthathisplanehadtoreturntoParis.radion.無線電，收音機，轉(zhuǎn)換為“用無線電發(fā)報聯(lián)系”。bookn.書，篇---v.登記，預(yù)定e.g.Ihavebookedaroominthehotel.

16.cookn.廚師---v.烹調(diào)，煮e.g.Mymotherhascookedthebestfoodforus.17.elbown.肘---v.toopentheuseofelbow用肘打開一條通道e.g.Sheelbowedherwaythroughthecrowd.她從人群中擠過去。

18.handn.手---v.支持，攙扶，交給e.g.Pleasehandinyourhomeworktomorrow.19.headn.頭---v.為首；領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，朝…迸發(fā)e.gThebusheadedthelineofcars.

公交車開在一列小汽車的前頭。Whoheadedthedepartment?Tomheadedtheballintohisowngoal.We’reheadinghome.

20.watern.---v.噴淋；加水；流淚，流口水e.g.Sheiswateringtheflowersinthegarden.Thewonderfularomafromthekitchenmakesmymouthwater.Themilkhasbeenwatereddown.牛奶已參水了。Exercise2ChoosethebestanswerstothefollowingquestionsaccordingtoPassageA.

1.

Jimwasgoingtoattendaconferencetobeheldin__________.A.GenevaB.ParisC.LondonD.NewYork2.

Jimwasoverjoyedbecausehecouldmakegooduseofthechanceto__________.A.seeMaryinParisB.getmarriedwithMaryC.takeMarytoParisfortheirhoneymoonD.tourPariswithMary3.

ThetripJimandMarytooktoPariswas__________.

A.boringB.difficultC.expensiveD.tiringbutpleasant4.

__________wasdelayedfortwohoursbecauseofthefog.

A.Jim'sflightB.Mary'sflightC.TheflightforLondonD.TheflightforParis

Exercise2ChoosethebestanswerstothefollowingquestionsaccordingtoPassageA.

5.

Maryreturnedhomebyairafter__________.

A.shehadattendedtheGenevaconferenceB.shehadseenJimontoaplaneforGenevaC.twohours'waitingattheairportD.herone-weektripinthecapitalofFrance6.

Jimdidn'tknowwherehisplanehadlandeduntil__________.A.hewastoldthenewsbythepilot

B.hegotintotheairportloungeC.herealizedhewasinParisagainD.hereachedtheGenevaInternationalHotel7.

WhenhefoundhimselfinParisagain,Jim__________.A.thoughthetookawrongplaneB.feltsoconfusedasifhewereinadreamC.didn'tknowwhattodoD.realizedhehadtostayinParisExercise7TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglishwiththehelpofthewordsorpatternsgiveninthebrackets.1.瑪麗簡直無法想象沒有電視的日子。(imagine)

Marycan'timaginealifewithoutTV.2.上海不是我的目的地，我只是在那里轉(zhuǎn)火車。(destination)

Shanghaiisnotmydestination.Ijustchangethetrainthere.3.飛機一小時后起飛，咱們還是快點吧。(hadbetter)

Theplaneistakingoffinanhour.We'dbetterhurryup.Exercise7TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglishwiththehelpofthewordsorpatternsgiveninthebrackets.4.已經(jīng)九點了，不可能趕上這班飛機了。(it'simpossibleto...)

It'snineo'clock.It'simpossibletocatchthisflight.5.他今天下午不能來，因為他得參加一個會議。(attendaconference)

Hecan'tcomethisafternoonbecausehehastoattendameeting.6.我到家時孩子們已經(jīng)睡著了。(fallasleep)ThechildrenhadfallenasleepwhenIgothom.Exercise8TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.Iwasborninaverysmallvillage.

我出生在一個很小的村莊。Ouruniversitystandsatthefootoflowgreenhills.

我們學(xué)校位于不高的青山腳下。Thereisariverrunningthroughthecity.

有一條河流過城市。Inthecenterofthecity,agreatnumberoftallbuildingshavesprungup.

在市中心，涌現(xiàn)出許多高樓大廈。Exercise8TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.Theyhavealsoputupmanyshopsandsupermarketsoneachsideofthemainstreet.

他們還在大街兩旁建了許多商店和超級市場。GreatchangeshavetakenplacesinceIcamehere.

自從我來到這里，這座城市發(fā)生了巨大的變化。Peopleherehavealreadygotridofpoverty,andlivehappyandcomfortablelives.

這里的人民已擺脫了貧窮，并且過上了幸福而舒適的生活。

RoadSignsandStreetNameplates(路標(biāo)和路牌)

基本寫作格式(FormatsandPatterns)不論是路標(biāo)還是招牌，都是為了吸引人們的注意，使人們在極短的時間內(nèi)得到必要的信息。所以，在編寫路標(biāo)和招牌時，字數(shù)要盡量少，語言要精煉，寫法要盡可能引人入勝，有時在文字旁還可以配上必要的圖形。

RoadSignsandStreetNameplates(路標(biāo)和路牌)

UsefulWordsandExpressionsforWritingRoadSignsandStreetNameplatesPrivate請勿打擾HandsOff請勿動手WetPaint油漆未干AdmissionFree免費入場ParkingLot停車場OneWayOnly單行道Crossroads交叉路口EmergencyExit緊急出口Check-inCounter登機手續(xù)臺Entrance入口Duty-FreeShop免稅商店

Exercise1TranslatethefollowingpublicsignsintoChinese.

ClosedToAllTraffic

禁止所有車輛通行Don'tWalkOnTheGrass

不要踐踏草坪SwimmingNotAllowed

禁止游泳ChildrenNotAllowed

禁止兒童入內(nèi)FellingTreesIsForbidden

禁止砍伐樹木NoEntry

禁止入內(nèi)QuietPlease

請安靜NoSpitting

禁止吐痰Don‘tLeanOutOfTheWindow

不要把頭探出窗外LeaveBagsOutside

勿帶包入內(nèi)

Grammar

后定語：介詞短語、不定式

介詞短語和不定式作定語一般放在被描述或修飾的名詞（或代詞）之后，稱為后定語。(可參見語法附錄I-7。)如：

Astudentintheforeignlanguagedepartmentshouldbegoodatcommunication.

外語系的學(xué)生應(yīng)該擅長溝通。

Ihavegotthechancetoworkforabigcompany.

我得到了在一家大公司工作的機會。

PickUpYourGrammar:Exercise1

TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish,usingtheprepositionalphraseortheinfinitiveclauseasanattributive.1.他總是有參加不完的會。

Healwayshasalotofmeetingstoattend.2.這個房間的鑰匙丟了。

Thekeytothisroomwaslost.3.她是一位可以信賴的人。

Sheisapersontorelyon.4.約翰是一個一點幽默感都沒有的人。

Johnisaperson