【課件】高一英語銜接教育：時態(tài)語態(tài)

恩施市一中高一英語銜接教學之時態(tài)語態(tài)Readandtranslatethesentences我一般早上7點鐘起床。我昨天早上7點起的床。明天我要7點起床。昨天我決定了我要7點就起床。我正在起床。昨天早上7點我正在起床。我已經起床了昨天7點我已經起床了。thinkHowmanytypesofverbformswillbeusedifyoutranslatethesesentences?Whatarethey?1.Iusuallygetupat7:00inthemorning.2.Igotupat7:00amyesterday.3.Iwillgetupat7:00amtomorrow.4.Yesterday

IdecidedthatIwouldgetupat7:00am.5.Iamgettingup.6.Iwasgettingupat7:00amyesterday.7.Ihavegotup.8.Ihadgotupby7:00amyesterday.我一般早上7點鐘起床。我昨天早上7點起的床。明天我要7點起床。昨天我決定了我要7點就起床。我正在起床。昨天早上7點我正在起床。我已經起床了昨天7點我已經起床了。Translatethesentences我一般晚上八點鐘看電視。他們每周回家一次。我們通常在家里做作業(yè)。

IalwayswatchTVat8:00intheevening.Theygohomeonceaweek.

Weusuallydoourhomeworkathome.1.一般現在時simplepresenttense4.他住在貧困的發(fā)展中國家。5.我的工作是教學生英語。

Helivesinapoordevelopingcountry.MyjobistoteachthestudentsEnglish.1.一般現在時表示經常發(fā)生或習慣性的動作或狀態(tài),時常以動詞原形表示，但當主語是第三人稱單數時，動詞詞尾加-s或-es。6.太陽總是從東邊升起。7.光比聲音快。

Thesunalwaysrisesintheeast.2.表客觀現實或普遍真理。Lighttravelsfasterthansound.CorrectthemistakesIamliveinasmallvillageinthewestofChina.Heislikefootballverymuch.sgrow,rice,thesouthofChina,inRicegrowsinthesouthofChina.Let’spractisegotoschool,LiPing,often,afterbreakfast.Lipingoftengoestoschoolafterbreakfast.gotowork,car,by,she,often,onfoot,insteadof.

Sheoftengoestoworkbycarinsteadofonfoot.2.一般過去時simplepasttense1）一般過去時表示發(fā)生在過去的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，通常與表示過去的時間狀語yesterday,lastnight,someyearsago,in1990,inthosedays，theotherday.等連用。2）句型結構：主語＋Ｖ.過去時＋賓語＋…Iwasastudent16yearsago.IwenttoBeijinglastyear.Theysawafilmlastnight.Themayorinspectedourschoolyesterday.連詞成句Anoldfriendofmine,theotherday,meet,I

Imetanoldfriendofminetheotherday.They,attheparty,time,have,good,a,yesterday.Theyhadagoodtimeatthepartyyesterday.He,enjoy,did,hewasyoung,when,playingchess?Didheenjoyplayingchesswhenhewasyoung?Makeasmanysentencesaspossibleinpasttense.SuchsentencesareOKWeinvitedMr.Dutogiveusalecture.ProfessorDugaveusawonderfulspeechyesterday.Allofusweregreatlyimpressedbyhisspeech.ProfessorDuwasinbusinesssuitandlookedfriendly.3.一般將來時futuretenseHewillbebackintwoweeks.Iamgoingtoshowyouamovienextweek.Istheregoingtobeameetingtomorrow?表示將要發(fā)生的動作或狀態(tài)begoingto+v表示按計劃或安排將要發(fā)生的動作。IamflyingtoBeijingtomorrow.

Thebusiscoming.

I’mleaving.表示在最近按計劃或安排要發(fā)生的動作。用現在進行時表示將來。常用的動詞有：go,come,start,leave,arrive,fly.beaboutto＋V.原形也表示即將Iamabouttoleaveschool.Notallofthefollowingsentencesareright.Why?Theyareabouttosetout.()Theyareabouttosetoutsoon.()Theywereabouttosetoutwhenitbegantorainheavily.()√x√Taskworkingroupsanddiscuss:

Sinceyouhavebecomeaseniormiddleschoolstudent,howwillyouspendtheschooldays?Samplesentences:Asaseniormiddleschoolstudent,Iwillgetalongwellwithmyclassmatesandmyteachers.Iwilltrymybesttomakemyschoollifemeaningfulbytakingpartinvariousactivities.What’smoreimportant,Iwillspendmostofthetimestudyinganddevotemyselftoachievingmygoal.4.過去將來時pastfuturetenseHesaidtheywouldgoforadrivetomorrow.Hesaidhewasgoingtomendhiscartomorrow.JimsaidhewouldvisithisunclenextSaturday.

nowfuturepastHesaidthat…Hetoldmethat…5.現在進行時(presentcontinuoustense)Youarelisteningtomecarefullynow.Sheiswritingaletterthisyear.Look!Theyaredancing.WearestudyingEnglishatpresent.It’sraininghardnow.Whatconclusionscanwedraw?1)現在進行時表示現在或現在這段時間正在進行的動作。通常與now,atpresent等時間狀語連用。2)基本結構：主語+be(am,is,are)+v-ing+…和come,goleave,start,arrive…等詞連用,表示即將發(fā)生的動作.I’mseeinghimtomorrow.我準備明天看他Whatareyoudoingnextweek?你下周打算干什么?練習1(用括號內詞組回答問題)Whatareyoudoingnow?(readabook)(walkthroughthepark)(openabottle)(drinktea)(havelunch)(lookatsomepictures)練習2(將every改為now/today,改寫下列句子并翻譯)即:一般現在時轉換為現在進行時示例:Igotomyofficeeveryday.Iamgoingtomyofficenow.Heeatsriceeveryday.Hewearsabluedresseveryday.Theworkerscomeherebybuseveryday.Idosomeexerciseseveryday.Mybrotherdoesnotlistentotheradioeveryday.6.過去進行時(pastcontinuoustense)Readandfindrulesfromthefollowingsentences1.Itwasrainingat7:00thedaybeforeyesterday.2.Theywerebuildingapowerstationatthistimelastwinter.3.Wewerereadingwhentheteachercamein.rules表示過去某一時刻或某階段時間正在進行的動作，通常與at6:00yesterday,atthis/thattimeyesterday,when引導的時間狀語等連用?；窘Y構主語+be(was/were)+v-ing+…Exercisechangethefollowingsentencesintoquestions1.Theywerebuildingareservoiratthistimelastwinter.2.Wewerereadingwhentheteachercamein.7.現在完成時presentperfecttenseI’vefinishedthiswork.HehaseverbeentoAustralia.Ihavenotheardfromherrecently.Ihavealreadyreadthisbook.我已經完成了這工作。2.

他曾經去過澳大利亞。3.最近我沒有收到他的來信。4.我已經看過這本書。構成形式（theform）主語+have/has+P.P(動詞過去分詞)Practisemakingsentencesinthepresentperfecttense.Givenwords:stop,cryThebabyhasstoppedcryingandbeguntosmile.連詞成句：live,for3years,I,inthiscity,theway,know,have,IIhavelivedinthiscityfor3years,soIknowtheway.Makeasentencebasedonthepicture.Ihavehadabigbreakfast.Makeasentencebasedonthepicture.Thesmallhousehasbeencoveredbyheavysnow.Makeasentencebasedonthepicture.Thevillagehasbeenflooded.Arethesesentencesright?Ihaveboughtthebookfor3days.Hehasjoinedthearmyfor3years.Hehasdiedfor2years.注：含有終止意義或短暫意義的動詞不能與for,since引導的時間狀語連用?！痢痢罜orrectsentencesIboughtthebookthreedaysago.Ihavehadthebookforthreedays.Hejoinedthearmythreeyearsago.Hehasbeeninthearmyforthreeyears.Hedied2yearsago.Hehasbeendeadfor2years.ReadthesentencesandunderlinetheverbformsWhenIgottothecinemayesterdaythefilmhadalreadybegun.HehadlearnedEnglishbeforehecamehere.Hehadtaughtthisclassfor3yearsbythetimeIlefttheschool.BytheendoflasttermIhadlearned2000Englishwords.8.過去完成時（thepastperfecttense）表示過去的過去CompletethefollowingsentencesShe__________theworldchampionshipfordozensoftimesbythetimesheretired.(win)hadwonCompletethefollowingsentencesHe______________beforethespringfestivalcame.(useup)hadusedupallhismoneyCompletethefollowingsentencesShe______________beforeshewas12.(read)hadreadmanybooks8種基本時態(tài)一般現在時

simplepresenttense一般過去時

simplepasttense一般將來時

futuretense過去將來時

pastfuturetense現在進行時

presentcontinuoustense過去進行時

pastcontinuoustense現在完成時

presentperfecttense過去完成時

pastperfecttenseTimelineFuturepresentpastPastperfectPresentContinuousPastContinuousPresentPerfect語態(tài)（voice）語態(tài)主動語態(tài)(activevoice)被動語態(tài)(passivevoice)I

teach

English.He

speaks

English.Our

English

is

taught

by

MissWan.English

is

spoken

in

many

countries

all

over

the

world.主語是謂語動詞的執(zhí)行者主語是謂語動詞的承受者觀察主語與謂語動詞之間的關系Whenshouldweusepassivevoice?1.不知道動作的執(zhí)行者是誰，或沒有必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者時。如：Theglassisbroken.Lettersarecollectedateighteverymorning.2.為了強調或突出動作的承受者時。如：ThedeskwasmadebyMasterWang.Thebagwastakenawaybyhissister.3.在上下文中，為了使句子間連接緊密時。如：Ihaveanewmotorbike.Itwasgiventomeasabirthdaypresentbymyfather.4.在新聞報道中，為了表明報道的客觀性而避免主觀性的透露時。如：Acaraccidenthappenedonthehighwaythismorning.Threemenwerekilled,thewoundedweretakenawaytohospitalatonceandpolicemenweresenttheretocopewiththeevent.被動語態(tài)的各種形式一般現在時Changethesentencesfromactivevoiceintopassivevoice.Peopleallovertheworldplayfootball.2.Myparentsaskmetotakecareofmyself.3.Allthepeoplethinkhighlyofyou.Footballisplayedbypeopleallovertheworld.Iamaskedtotakecareofmyself.Youarehighlythoughtofbyallthepeople.自己總結它的構成形式吧一般過去時Changethesentencesfromactivevoiceintopassivevoice.Thekingbuiltthetemplein1958.Thefiredestroyedallthehouses.Thetemplewasbuilt(bytheking)in1958.Allthehousesweredestroyed(bythefire).自己總結它的構成形式吧一般將來時Changethesentencesfromactivevoiceintopassivevoice.Wewillbuildmorefactoriesinourcity.Hermotherwilltakehertohospitaltomorrow.ProfessorLiisgoingtosettlethisproblem.Morefactorieswillbebuiltinourcity.Shewillbetakentohospital(byhermother)tomorrow.ThisproblemisgoingtobesettledbyProfessorLi.Nowdoyouknowthestructure?現在進行時Thevillagersarebuildingaroadaroundthemountain.Astrangerisfollowinghim.Theteacherisshowingafilmtothestudents.Changethesentencesfromactivevoiceintopassivevoice.Aroadisbeingbuiltaroundthemountain.Heisbeingfollowedbyastranger.Afilmisbeingshowntothestudents.Whatconclusioncanyoudraw?過去進行時Changethesentencesfromactivevoiceintopassivevoice.Thesoldiersweretrainingthestudentsthistimelastweek.ThetypistwastypingmyreportwhenIsawhim.Thestudentswerebeingtrainedthistimelastweek.MyreportwasbeingtypedwhenIsawhim.What’sthestructure?過去將來時CompletethesentencesTompromisedthathewouldmakenewprogress.Tompromisedthatnewprogress______________.Themanagertoldmethattheywouldinformmeassoonastheresultcameout.ThemanagertoldmethatI_______________.wouldbemadewouldbeinformed.Nowpleasewritedownthestructure.現在完成時Changethesentencesfromactivevoiceintopassivevoice.Wehavemadetoomanymistakes.Thechildhaseatenupthenoodles.Ihavereadthenovelfor3times.Toomanymistakeshavebeenmade.Thenoodleshavebeeneatenup.Thenovelhasbeenreadfor3times.Haveyoufoundthestructure?過去完成時Changethesentencesfromactivevoiceintopassivevoice.BythetimeIarrivedtheyhadtakenawaythetiger.Whenpeoplerealizedtheimportance,theyhadalreadypollutedtherivertoomuch.Theyhadfinishedtheirhomeworkbeforetheywenthome.BythetimeIarrivedthetigerhadalreadybeentakenaway.Whentheyrealizedtheimportance,theriverhadalreadybeenpollutedtoomuch.Theirhomeworkhadbeenfinishedbeforetheywenthome.Pleasetellusthestructure.ActiveVoicePassiveVoiceSimplepresenttenseSimplepasttenseSimplefuturetensePastfuturetensePresentcontinuoustensePastcontinuoustensePresentperfecttensePastperfecttenseActiveVoicePassiveVoiceSimplepresenttenseshow/showsam/is/areshownSimplepasttenseshowedwas/wereshownSimplefuturetensewillshowwillbeshownPastfuturetensewouldshowwouldbeshownPresentcontinuoustenseam/is/areshowingam/is/arebeingshownPastcontinuoustensewas/wereshowingwas/werebeingshownPresentperfecttensehave/hasshownhave/hasbeenshownPastperfecttensehadshownhadbeenshown較特殊的被動語態(tài)1.含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)Thebaby-sittershouldtakegoodcareofthebaby.Thebabyshouldbetakengoodcareofbythebaby-sitter.Inthissense,wecanturnbadthingsintogoodthings.Inthissense,badthingscanbeturnedintogoodthings2.復合賓語的被動語態(tài)Wefoundthespeechboring.PeoplecallhimMr.Tiger.Theboymadetheteacherangry.Thespeechwasfoundboring.HeiscalledMr.Tiger.Theteacherwasmadeangry.3.使役動詞和感官動詞的被動語態(tài)Nobodymadehimstandthere.Isawhimenterthebuilding.Fewpeoplenoticedhimpassby.Hewasmadetostandthere

bynobody.Hewasseentoenterthebuilding.Hewasnoticedtopassby(byfewpeople).在使役動詞have,make以及感官動詞see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等后面不定式作賓語補語時，在主動結構中不定式to要省略，但變?yōu)楸粍咏Y構時，要加to。4.主動形式表示被動含義1.feel.look.smell,taste,sound等系動詞后面接形容詞時Thedishtastesdelicious.Theapplesmellssweet.Thesurfaceofthetablefeels